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Environmental Conflict and Cooperation: Premise, Purpose, Persuasion, and Promise
by James R. LeeEnvironmental Conflict and Cooperation explores the evolution of environmental conflict as a field of research and the study of cooperation as an alternative to war. Over four key parts, James R. Lee navigates the contours of this growing field and paints a vivid framework for better understanding issues around environmental conflict and security: • The premise of the field and its historic manifestations • The definition and purpose of research • The persuasions or types of environmental conflict and cooperation • The promise of research in leading to better decision-making and to broaching new challenges. Over the course of these parts, the author outlines the deep historic record of this discipline, arguing that it will play a key role in understanding important future trends. Utilizing a wide variety of case studies that range from ancient examples, including conflict over the Cedars of Lebanon and the role of tin in the Peloponnesian Wars, to future-oriented scenarios, including expanded island-building in the South China Sea and the global politics of geo-engineering, Lee highlights key concepts, metrics, and policy contexts that will test current understandings. He also examines a variety of research methods and provides examples of the ways in which such research can be used to inform policy improvements. This book will draw specific interest from students and scholars of environmental conflict and cooperation, as well as researchers of environmental politics and security studies.
Environmental Consciousness, Nature and the Philosophy of Education: Ecologizing Education (Research and Teaching in Environmental Studies)
by Michael BonnettThis book explores alternative ways of understanding our environmental situation by challenging the Western view of nature as purely a resource for humans. Environmental Consciousness, Nature and the Philosophy of Education asserts that we need to retrieve a thinking that expresses a different relationship with nature: one that celebrates nature's otherness and is attuned to its intrinsic integrity, agency, normativity and worth. Through such receptivity to nature's address we can develop a sense of our own being-in-nature that provides a positive orientation towards the problems we now face. Michael Bonnett argues that this reframing and rethinking of our place in nature has fundamental implications for education as a whole, questioning the idea of human "stewardship" of nature and developing the idea of moral education in a world of alterity and non-rational agents. Drawing on and revising work published by the author over the last 15 years, this book will be essential reading for students and scholars of environmental studies, environmental education, and the philosophy of education.
Environmental Consequences of International Conflicts: The MENA Region (The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry #137)
by Andrey G. Kostianoy Igor S. Zonn Sergey S. Zhiltsov Aleksander V. Semenov Abdelazim NegmThis is the first of two volumes that, taken together, provide an integrated picture of the environmental consequences arising from international conflicts. The volumes build upon the successful book Environmental Consequences of War and Aftermath published in The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry in 2009. The books focus on environmental consequences only and discuss land degradation, erosion, water scarcity and pollution, water resources management, air pollution, desertification, deforestation, food scarcity and radioactive contamination, among others. This volume addresses conflicts in the MENA region (Middle East and North Africa), covering historical and more recent events such as water conflicts, military conflicts, migration and overpopulation, and infrastructure projects. Readers will also find several chapters in this book on the theory of international conflicts and their impact on the environment in general. Given its breadth, this book appeals to environmental scientists, policy makers, and researchers interested in the environmental impacts of international conflicts.
Environmental Constitutionalism in the Anthropocene: Values, Principles and Actions (Juris Diversitas)
by Domenico Amirante Silvia BagniThis book examines the relationship between man and nature through different cultural approaches to encourage new environmental legislation as a means of fostering acceptance at a local level. In 2019, the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) recognised that we have entered a new era, the Anthropocene, specifically characterised by the impact of one species, mankind, on environmental change. The Anthropocene is penetrating the discourse of both hard sciences and humanities and social sciences, by posing new epistemological as well as practical challenges to many disciplines. Legal sciences have so far been at the margins of this intellectual renewal, with few contributions on the central role that the notion of Anthropocene could play in forging a more effective and just environmental law. By applying a multidisciplinary approach and adopting a Law as Culture paradigm to the study of law, this book explores new paths of investigation and possible solutions to be applied. New perspectives for the constitutional framing of environmental policies, rights, and alternative methods for bottom-up participatory law-making and conflict resolution are investigated, showing that environmental justice is not just an option, but an objective within reach. The book will be essential reading for students, academics, and policymakers in the areas of law, environmental studies and anthropology.
Environmental Consulting Fundamentals: Investigation, Remediation, and Brownfields Redevelopment, Second Edition
by Benjamin AlterThis book is a primer for those interested in a career in this dynamic, multidisciplinary field as well as a handy reference for practicing consultants. Combining theory and practice advice into a concise, readable format, the book is an accessible introduction to the types of projects you will encounter as an environmental consultant and lays the groundwork for what you’ll need to know in this challenging and rewarding profession. Also available with this book, under the Additional Resources tab, are PowerPoint lectures that correspond with each chapter. New in the Second Edition Covers the latest environmental issues, including emerging contaminants, and the latest technological advances in environmental investigation and remediation New chapters dedicated to vapor intrusion investigation and mitigation and to Brownfields redevelopment and project financing. An expanded chapter describing the staffing, budgeting, and execution of environmental projects. Descriptions of the remediation processes under RCRA and Superfund Descriptions on how each chapter’s subject matter applies to the job of the environmental consultant. Dozens of new figures, photographs, and tables designed to enhance the reader’s understanding of the subject matter. Problems and questions to be used for homework assignments or classroom discussions.
Environmental Contaminants in Biota: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations, Second Edition
by W. Nelson BeyDiscussing the interpretation of tissue concentrations of contaminants in wildlife, this updated edition of a bestseller draws on current scientific research and includes new chapters and greater emphasis on aquatic organisms. Each chapter provides a summary and review of a specific chemical along with direction on research methods and the interpretation of conflicting or insufficient data. Chapters include a comprehensive history of contaminant interpretation in wildlife and fish, the use of tissue residues in ecological risk assessment, and detailed coverage of all bioaccumulative contaminants and their physiologic affects.
Environmental Cooperation In Europe: The Political Dimension
by Otmar HöllThis book aims to take stock of the state of environmental degradation in Europe from theoretical and empirical point of views. It focuses on international organizations and institutions in Europe that deal with ecological problems and integrates case studies on regional environmental cooperation.
Environmental Crime and Collaborative State Intervention (Palgrave Studies In Green Criminology Ser.)
by Rob White Grant PinkThis book examines the role and practical dynamics of governmental environmental law enforcement agencies and individuals who combat environmental crime. It will inform researchers about the 'real world' experiences of practitioners and provide an intellectual space for practitioners to examine critically what it is they do and why.
Environmental Crime and its Victims: Perspectives within Green Criminology (Green Criminology)
by Rob White Toine Spapens Marieke KluinEnvironmental crime is one of the most profitable and fastest growing areas of international criminal activity. These types of crime, however, do not always produce an immediate consequence, and the harm may be diffused. As such, the complexity of victimization - in terms of time, space, impact, and who or what is victimized - is one of the reasons why governments and the enforcement community have trouble in finding suitable and effective responses. This book provides a diverse and provocative array of arguments, critiques and recommendations from leading researchers and scholars in the field of green criminology. The chapters are divided into three main sections: the first part deals with specific characteristics of some of the major types of environmental crime and its perpetrators; the second focuses explicitly on the problem of victimization in cases of environmental crime; and the third addresses the question of how to tackle this problem. Discussing these topics from the point of view of green criminological theory, sociology, law enforcement, community wellbeing, environmental activism and victimology, this book will be of great interest to all those concerned about crime and the environment.
Environmental Crime in the United States: Law and Enforcement
by Karen ClarkEnvironmental Crime in the United States provides an introduction to the laws that govern environmental crime, how these laws are implemented and enforced, and the impact they have had since their passing in the twentieth century and their continued applications.Environmental crimes such as wildlife trafficking, over‑fishing, artisanal mining, and deforestation are lucrative contributors to a global illicit trade market and sources of cheap resources for corporations to exploit. This book presents a review of U.S.‑based laws and regulations regarding such environmental crimes at the state and federal level, combined with examples of international convention or trade agreements which can be prosecuted within the United States. It examines attempts to modify these laws, the exceptions granted to prevent enforcement, and the ability of political and social groups to address inefficiencies of the laws or their implementations. Both criminal and administrative laws are reviewed to assess how laws governing the environment compare to other areas of law that seek to protect and improve social well‑being and public health; this includes a review of how environmental crimes overlap with general crimes, and how these crimes fuel illicit commerce while strengthening international crime syndicates. Trends such as the actions taken by non‑governmental organizations and other entities other than law enforcement to stop environmental crimes such as poaching will be explained, with a discussion of how environmental crimes spurn illicit markets and provide lucrative schemes for international crime rings as well as corporations.This book will be of great interest to students of environmental crime and justice, green criminology, environmental conservation, natural resource management, and environmental law.
Environmental Crises in Central Asia: From steppes to seas, from deserts to glaciers (Routledge Studies in Environmental Communication and Media)
by Eric Freedman Mark NeuzilEnvironmental conditions do not exist in a vacuum. They are influenced by science, politics, history, public policy, culture, economics, public attitudes, and competing priorities, as well as past human decisions. In the case of Central Asia, such Soviet-era decisions include irrigation systems and physical infrastructure that are now crumbling, mine tailings that leach pollutants into soil and groundwater, and abandoned factories that are physically decrepit and contaminated with toxic chemicals. Environmental Crises in Central Asia highlights major environmental challenges confronting the region’s former Soviet republics: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. They include threats to the Caspian and Aral seas, the impact of climate change on glaciers, desertification, deforestation, destruction of habitat and biodiversity, radioactive and hazardous wastes, water quality and supply, energy exploration and development, pesticides and food security, and environmental health. The ramifications of these challenges cross national borders and may affect economic, political, and cultural relationships on a vast geographic scale. At the same time, the region’s five governments have demonstrated little resolve to address these complex challenges. This book is a valuable multi-disciplinary resource for academics, scholars, and policymakers in environmental sciences, geography, political science, natural resources, mass communications, public health, and economics.
Environmental Criticism for the Twenty-First Century (Routledge Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Literature)
by Teresa Shewry Stephanie LeMenager Ken HiltnerEnvironmental Criticism for the Twenty-First Century showcases the recent explosive expansion of environmental criticism, which is actively transforming three areas of broad interest in contemporary literary and cultural studies: history, scale, and science. With contributors engaging texts from the medieval period through the twenty-first century, the collection brings into focus recent ecocritical concern for the long durations through which environmental imaginations have been shaped. Contributors also address problems of scale, including environmental institutions and imaginations that complicate conventional rubrics such as the national, local, and global. Finally, this collection brings together a set of scholars who are interested in drawing on both the sciences and the humanities in order to find compelling stories for engaging ecological processes such as global climate change, peak oil production, nuclear proliferation, and food scarcity. Environmental Criticism for the Twenty-First Century offers powerful proof that cultural criticism is itself ecologically resilient, evolving to meet the imaginative challenges of twenty-first-century environmental crises.
Environmental Debt: The Hidden Costs of a Changing Global Economy
by Amy LarkinAn award-winning environmental activist and social entrepreneur exposes the link between our financial and environmental crisesFor decades, politicians and business leaders alike told the American public that today's challenge was growing the economy, and that environmental protection could be left to future generations. Now in the wake of billions of dollars in costs associated with coastal devastation from Hurricane Sandy, rampant wildfires across the West, and groundwater contamination from reckless drilling, it's becoming increasingly clear that yesterday's carefree attitude about the environment has morphed into a fiscal crisis of epic proportions. Amy Larkin has been at the forefront of the fight for the environment for years, and in Environmental Debt she argues that the costs of global warming, extreme weather, pollution and other forms of "environmental debt" are wreaking havoc on the economy. Synthesizing complex ideas, she pulls back the curtain on some of the biggest cultural touchstones of the environmental debate, revealing how, for instance, despite coal's relative fame as a "cheap" energy source, ordinary Americans pay $350 billion a year for coal's damage in business related expenses, polluted watersheds, and in healthcare costs. And the problem stretches far beyond our borders: deforestation from twenty years ago in Thailand caused catastrophic flooding in 2011, and cost Toyota 3.4 percent of its annual production while causing tens of thousands of workers to lose jobs in three different countries. To combat these trends, Larkin proposes a new framework for 21st century commerce, based on three principles: 1) Pollution can no longer be free; 2) All business decision making and accounting must incorporate the long view; and 3) Government must play a vital role in catalyzing clean technology and growth while preventing environmental destruction. As companies and nations struggle to strategize in the face of global financial debt, many businesses have begun to recognize the causal relationship between a degraded environment and a degraded bottom line. Profiling the multinational corporations that are transforming their operations with downright radical initiatives, Larkin presents smart policy choices that would actually unleash these business solutions to many global financial and environmental problems. Provocative and hard-hitting, Environmental Debt sweeps aside the false choices of today's environmental debate, and shows how to revitalize the economy through nature's bounty.
Environmental Decisions in the Face of Uncertainty
by Institute of Medicine Committee on Decision Making Under Uncertainty Board on Population Health and Public Health PracticeThe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is one of several federal agencies responsible for protecting Americans against significant risks to human health and the environment. As part of that mission, EPA estimates the nature, magnitude, and likelihood of risks to human health and the environment; identifies the potential regulatory actions that will mitigate those risks and protect public health1 and the environment; and uses that information to decide on appropriate regulatory action. Uncertainties, both qualitative and quantitative, in the data and analyses on which these decisions are based enter into the process at each step. As a result, the informed identification and use of the uncertainties inherent in the process is an essential feature of environmental decision making. EPA requested that the Institute of Medicine (IOM) convene a committee to provide guidance to its decision makers and their partners in states and localities on approaches to managing risk in different contexts when uncertainty is present. It also sought guidance on how information on uncertainty should be presented to help risk managers make sound decisions and to increase transparency in its communications with the public about those decisions. Given that its charge is not limited to human health risk assessment and includes broad questions about managing risks and decision making, in this report the committee examines the analysis of uncertainty in those other areas in addition to human health risks. Environmental Decisions in the Face of Uncertainty explains the statement of task and summarizes the findings of the committee.
Environmental Defenders: Deadly Struggles for Life and Territory (Routledge Explorations in Environmental Studies)
by Mary Menton; Philippe Le BillonThis book is about environmental defenders and the violence they face while seeking to protect their land and the environment. Between 2002 and 2019, at least two thousand people were killed in 57 countries for defending their lands and the environment. Recent policy initiatives and media coverage have provided much needed attention to the protection and support of defenders, but there has so far been little scholarly work. This edited volume explains who these defenders are, what threats they face, and what can be done to help support and protect them. Delving deep into the complex relations between and within communities, corporations, and government authorities, the book highlights the diversity of defenders, the collective character of their struggles, the many drivers and forms of violence they are facing, as well as the importance of emotions and gendered dimensions in protests and repression. Drawing on global case studies, it examines the violence taking place around different types of development projects, including fossil fuels, agro-industrial, renewable energy, and infrastructure. The volume also examines the violence surrounding conservation projects, including through militarized wildlife protection and surveillance technologies. The book concludes with a reflection on the perspectives of defenders about the best ways to support and protect them. It contrasts these with the lagging efforts of an international community often promoting economic growth over the lives of defenders. This volume is essential reading for all interested in understanding the challenges faced by environmental defenders and how to help and support them. It will also appeal to students, scholars and practitioners involved in environmental protection, environmental activism, human rights, social movements and development studies.
Environmental Disclosure: Critical Issues and New Trends (Routledge Research in Sustainability and Business)
by Luigi Lepore Sabrina PisanoThis book provides a description of the state of the art on environmental disclosure, illustrating the key theoretical issues, the regulatory frameworks, the main standards developed and reporting the results of an empirical analysis on the environmental disclosure released by listed firms. Luigi Lepore and Sabrina Pisano begin by analysing the origin and evolution of environmental disclosure. They go on to provide a description of the main theoretical frameworks used by scholars, explaining the conceptual basis of each theory and describing how the specific theory has been used to explain the company’s decision to release environmental disclosure. The second part of the book highlights the role and evolution of the European regulatory frameworks, emphasizing the transition from voluntary to mandatory disclosure. The book ends by providing a picture of the evolution of sustainability reporting practices in European Union nations over the past two decades. This book investigates the critical issues and new directions in environmental disclosure, which are currently under examination by regulators and standard setters. It will therefore be of great interest to academics and students working in the areas of business and sustainability.
Environmental Disputes: Community Involvement In Conflict Resolution (Environment, Development And Public Policy: Environmental Policy And Planning Ser.)
by Julia M. Wondolleck James CrowfootEnvironmental Disputes helps citizen groups, businesses, and governments understand how Environmental Dispute Settlement--a set of procedures for settling disputes over environmental policies without litigation--can work for them.
Environmental Economics and Ecosystem Services (Routledge Textbooks in Environmental and Agricultural Economics)
by Randall BluffstoneEnvironmental Economics and Ecosystem Services provides a rigorous yet accessible introduction to environmental economics, using ecosystem services as the underlying framework. Assuming no prior knowledge of economics, and using a conversational writing style, the focus is on exploring society’s linkages with the environment and how economics can help solve key environmental problems.Structured in three parts, the book first introduces readers to the key theories in environmental economics and ecosystem services, and then explores the challenges of conservation. The final section examines environmental policy options, such as cap-and-trade, behavioral nudges, community-based natural resource management and carbon taxes. There is a strong international focus throughout the book, with real-life examples taken from North America, Europe, Asia, Africa and other regions. Students are supported by a range of pedagogical features, including chapter objectives, chapter summaries, discussion questions and further reading suggestions. In addition, the book offers worked examples, analytical problems and “Challenge Yourself” boxes to develop critical thinking skills. Lecture slides and answers to questions for discussion and practice problems are available for instructors.This is the ideal text for introductory courses in environmental economics, ecological economics, economics of sustainability, environmental management, environmental policy and ecosystem services.
Environmental Economics for Watershed Restoration
by Matthew T. Heberling Hale W. Thurston Alyse SchrecongostWhether addressing pollution problems or helping protect a specific use, watershed associations are finding that the competition for funds is getting harder. While we can grasp the value of our streams for fishing or kayaking and other services, or their cultural value, or their value to an ecosystem, putting a dollar value on those benefits is not
Environmental Economics in Developing Countries: Issues and Challenges
by Achiransu AcharyyaThe COVID-19 pandemic has laid bare the vulnerabilities of socio-economic systems globally and exposed the risks that natural capital degradation imposes on human health, economy, and society. This book studies the environmental challenges faced by developing economies in a post-COVID-19 world. Exploring diverse case studies from South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, the volume discusses the impact that economic development and, recently, COVID-19 has had on the environment, ecology, and economy of these regions. It analyses nature conservation policies aimed at minimizing ecological damage arising from economic development and discusses the policy objectives of sustainable development. It also highlights the significant role that environmental economics networks have played in capacity building, framing of policies using ecological economics tools, and developing a local leadership trained in addressing local sustainability issues. An important contribution to the study of environmental economics of the Global South, the book will be of interest to students and researchers of economics, environment, development studies, development economics, environmental policies, and South Asia studies. It will also be useful for policymakers and NGOs working in this field.
Environmental Economics: An Integrated Approach
by Philip E. GravesRigorous, yet written in a way that facilitates understanding of complex material, Environmental Economics: An Integrated Approach provides practical and working knowledge of how environmental policy analysis is developed. This is a true textbook, detailing the tools required to conduct that analysis and also discusses weaknesses in the existing me
Environmental Economics: An Introduction (Seventh Edition)
by Barry C. Field Martha K. FieldEnvironmental Economics is an introduction to the basic principles of environmental economics as they have been developed in the past and as they continue to evolve. The examples discussed in this textbook represent only a sample of the full range of issues that actually exists. For this reason, the Seventh Edition sticks to the basic ideas and ways that environmental economists have found to make the basic concepts and models more specific and relevant to concrete environmental issues. The basic structure and sequence of chapters are unchanged but contain new and updated material that reflects the new research efforts by environmental economists over the last few years.
Environmental Economics: Concepts, Methods and Policies
by Matthias Ruth Dodo J. ThampapillaiEnvironmental Economics explores the ways in which economic theory and its applications, as practised and taught today, must be modified to explicitly accommodate the goal of sustainability and the vital role played by environmental capital.Pivoting around the first and second laws of thermodynamics, as well as the principles of ecological resilience, this book is divided into five key parts, which include extensive coverage of environmental microeconomics and macroeconomics. It drills down into issues and challenges including consumer demand; production and supply; market organisation; renewable and non-renewable resources; environmental valuation; macroeconomic stabilisation and international trade and globalisation. Drawing on case studies from forestry, water, soil, air quality and mining, this book will equip readers with skills that enable the analyses of environmental and economic policy issues with a specific focus on the sustainability of the economy. This new edition has been updated throughout and provides further coverage on topics such as energy transition, market organisation and the role of environmental economics in regulatory decision-making including critiques of contemporary policy directives like tradable pollution permits and net zero emissions. Challenges to achieving stabilisation and emission reduction have been expanded to include wars and conflicts such as those in the Middle East and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. This book further reinforces the premise that there are clear limits to growth and that modesty and moderation are superior alternatives.Rich in pedagogical features, including key concept boxes and review questions at the end of each chapter, this book will be a vital resource for upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate students studying not only environmental economics/ecological economics but also economics in general.
Environmental Economics: Concepts, Methods and Policies (New Horizons In Environmental Economics Ser.)
by Matthias Ruth Dodo J. ThampapillaiEnvironmental Economics explores the ways in which economic theory and its applications, as practised and taught today, must be modified to explicitly accommodate the goal of sustainability and the vital role played by environmental capital. Pivoting around the first and second laws of thermodynamics, as well as the principles of ecological resilience, this book is divided into five key parts, which includes extensive coverage of environmental microeconomics and macroeconomics. It drills down into issues and challenges including consumer demand; production and supply; market organisation; renewable and non-renewable resources; environmental valuation; macroeconomic stabilisation, and international trade and globalisation. Drawing on case studies from forestry, water, soil, air quality, and mining, this book will equip readers with skills that enable the analyses of environmental and economic policy issues with a specific focus on the sustainability of the economy. Rich in pedagogical features, including key concepts boxes and review questions at the end of each chapter, this book will be a vital resource for upperlevel undergraduate and postgraduate students studying not only environmental economics/ecological economics but also economics in general.
Environmental Education and Ecotourism (SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science)
by Fernando Ramírez Josefina SantanaThis SpringerBrief focuses on the principles of ecotourism such as relevance of the field, origin, fundamental aspects, definitions, philosophy, implications in biodiversity conservation and environmental impacts. Special emphasis is also given to the interaction between ecotourism and education and it is supported by recent publications from the authors.