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Handbuch Richard Rorty
by Martin MüllerRichard Rorty (1931 - 2007) ist einer der wichtigsten Denker des 20. Jahrhunderts und der Gegenwart. Als bekannter Vertreter der analytischen Philosophie wurde er zu einem ihrer scharfsinnigsten Kritiker. Rorty hat damit maßgeblich zur Renaissance der amerikanischen Philosophie des Pragmatismus beigetragen. Seine ethisch-politisch motivierte Neuinterpretation des Pragmatismus nach dem linguistic turn macht ihm zum bedeutendsten und zugleich umstrittensten Vertreter des Neopragmatismus.Dieses Handbuch deckt systematisch und umfassend die ganze Breite von Rortys Denken ab, insbesondere auch die politische Philosophie. In sechs umfangreichen Teilen werden alle wichtigen Aspekte seines Lebens und seines Werks behandelt. Die Beiträge internationaler und führender Expertinnen und Experten führen in seine Version des Pragmatismus ein und treiben zugleich die Rorty-Forschung weiter voran. Das Handbuch ist ein unverzichtbares Hilfsmittel für alle, die sich mit Richard Rorty beschäftigen.
Handbuch Technikphilosophie
by Mathias Gutmann Klaus Wiegerling Benjamin RathgeberDieses Handbuch behandelt umfassend und systematisch das Phänomen Technik: Einerseits wird der Gegenstand vollständig philosophisch entwickelt, also sowohl ideen- und begriffsgeschichtlich behandelt als auch in die Systematik der philosophischen Probleme eingeordnet. Auf dieser Grundlage kann dann andererseits ein gründliches Gespräch mit anderen Fachgebieten geführt und können die wichtigen Fragen der Technologieentwicklung beantwortet werden.
Handbuch Tierethik: Grundlagen – Kontexte – Perspektiven
by Johann S. Ach Dagmar BorchersDas Handbuch führt ein in zentrale Begriffe, Konzeptionen, Themen- und Problemfelder der Tierethik. Neben der Geschichte der Tierethik, relevanten Konzepten und Theorien sowie einer Bandbreite unterschiedlicher Anwendungskontexte findet sich auch eine Darstellung der Tierphilosophie und ihrer wichtigsten Fragestellungen. Das Handbuch will darüber hinaus auch die sich in aktuellen Diskussionen und Kontroversen abzeichnenden Perspektiven der Tierethik umfassend vorstellen. Ziel des Handbuchs ist es, das breite Spektrum inhaltlicher und begrifflicher Aspekte der historischen und gegenwärtigen Tierethik zu reflektieren und einen Einblick in den aktuellen Diskussionsstand zu geben.
Handbuch Tugend und Tugendethik
by Christoph Halbig Felix TimmermannIn der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts hat die traditionsreiche Tugendethik wieder stark an Bedeutung gewonnen. In diesem Handbuch versammeln sich internationale Experten der Ethik, um die Tugend in ihrem Verhältnis zu anderen Grundbegriffen der Ethik zu beleuchten, ihre Rolle in der Entwicklung des philosophischen Denkens zu darzustellen und die Möglichkeiten für ihre Wiederaneignung in den Diskursen der Moderne auszuloten.
Handbuch Wahlforschung
by Jürgen W. Falter Harald SchoenDie empirische Wahlforschung zählt zu den theoretisch und methodisch am weitesten entwickelten, von der Öffentlichkeit am stärksten beachteten Zweigen der Politikwissenschaft. Dieser Band vermittelt Grundlagenwissen über die zentralen Konzepte, Methoden und Befunde der empirischen Wahlforschung und gibt einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Forschung. Den Schwerpunkt bilden theoretische Ansätze zur Erklärung von Wahlverhalten. Sie werden ausführlich dargestellt, kritisch diskutiert und systematisch miteinander verglichen. Daneben geht der Band auf ausgewählte Themen der Wahlforschung ein, u. a. auf Nichtwahl, Wechselwahl, die Wahl extremer Parteien sowie den Einfluss von Wertorientierungen und Massenmedien auf das Wahlverhalten. Ferner enthält er Überblicke über die Geschichte demokratischer Wahlen, die Historische Wahlforschung, die Wahlsystemforschung und die Wahlkampfforschung. Dieser Band bietet auf neuestem Stand einen umfassenden Überblick über die empirische Wahlforschung und trägt dazu bei, ihre Möglichkeiten und Grenzen realistisch zu beurteilen.
Handbuch Wirtschaftsethik
by Michael S. AßländerKlimawandel, Ressourcenknappheit und Umweltschutz, Armutsmigration, Ungleichheit, prekäre Beschäftigungsverhältnisse und Menschenrechte, aber auch Big Data und die digitalisierungsbedingte Veränderung der Arbeitswelt sind die alten und neuen Herausforderungen, denen sich die Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik stellen muss. Das Handbuch bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über die wirtschaftsethischen Standards von der Antike bis in unsere unmittelbare Gegenwart und soll Orientierung durch Reflexion, Methoden und kritische Analyse bieten. Für die 2. Auflage wurde das Handbuch umfassend aktualisiert und erheblich erweitert.
Handbuch Wirtschaftsphilosophie III: Praktische Wirtschaftsphilosophie (Handbuch Wirtschaftsphilosophie)
by Ludger Heidbrink Alexander Lorch Verena RauenDas Ziel des Bandes besteht darin, einen Überblick über die Grundfragen, Kernthemen und Handlungsfelder der praktischen Wirtschaftsphilosophie zu geben. Zu diesem Zweck befasst sich Teil I einführend mit dem Verhältnis von Ökonomie und Ethik, der Verbindung zwischen Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft und Politik sowie dem Zusammenhang von Globalisierung, Transnationalisierung und Interkulturalität. Teil II setzt sich mit den Kernthemen der praktischen Wirtschaftsphilosophie auseinander. Es werden Begriffe und Themen vorgestellt, die sowohl für die ökonomische Wissenschaft als auch für die Realökonomie relevant sind. Hierzu zählen systematische und normative Begriffe wie Präferenzen, Rationalität oder Regeln, Grundlagenthemen wie Freiheit, Verantwortung oder Gerechtigkeit und operative Themenfelder wie Handel, Markt, Kooperation oder Digitalisierung. Teil III beschäftigt sich abschließend aus wirtschaftsphilosophischer Perspektive mit zentralen Praxisfeldern der Ökonomie. Dazu gehören das Verhältnis von Unternehmens- und Konsumentenverantwortung, die Rolle von Stakeholder-Beziehungen, Shared Value-Ansätze, die Verbindung von Governance und Institutionen sowie alternative Wirtschaftsformen und die Wirtschaftspolitik.Das Handbuch Wirtschaftsphilosophie verbindet in interdisziplinärer Perspektive philosophische Grundlagenreflexion mit theoretischer und praktischer Erschließung des ökonomischen Handelns. Methodisch werden dabei wissenschaftstheoretische, normative, kulturbezogene und historische Aspekte miteinander verbunden.
Handcuffs and Chain Link: Criminalizing the Undocumented in America (Race, Ethnicity, and Politics)
by Benjamin Gonzalez O'BrienHandcuffs and Chain Link enters the immigration debate by addressing one of its most controversial aspects: the criminalization both of extralegal immigration to the United States and of immigrants themselves in popular and political discourse. Looking at the factors that led up to criminalization, Benjamin Gonzalez O’Brien points to the alternative approach of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 and how its ultimate demise served to negatively reinforce the fictitious association of extralegal immigrants with criminality. Crucial to Gonzalez O’Brien’s account thus is the concept of the critical policy failure—a piece of legislation that attempts a radically different approach to a major issue but has shortcomings that ultimately further entrench the approach it was designed to supplant. The IRCA was just such a piece of legislation. It highlighted the contributions of the undocumented and offered amnesty to some while attempting to stem the flow of extralegal immigration by holding employers accountable for hiring the undocumented. The failure of this effort at decriminalization prompted a return to criminalization with a vengeance, leading to the stalemate on immigration policy that persists to this day.
Handelspolitik und Welthandel in der Internationalen Politischen Ökonomie: Ein ideengeschichtlicher Überblick
by Holger JanuschDas Ziel dieses Buches ist die Vermittlung zentraler Begriffe, Theoreme und Hypothesen zum Welthandel und der Handelspolitik aus einer ideengeschichtlichen Perspektive. Neben volkswirtschaftlichen Außenhandelstheorien und deren Blick auf Wohlstand werden Klassiker der Internationalen Politischen Ökonomie vorgestellt, die ihren Schwerpunkt auf nachholende Entwicklung, Macht und zwischenstaatliche Abhängigkeiten sowie Institutionen und den Einfluss von Interessengruppen in der Handelspolitik legen.
The Handover: How We Gave Control of Our Lives to Corporations, States and AIs
by David Runciman'The Singularity' is what Silicon Valley calls the idea that, eventually, we will be overrun by machines that are able to take decisions and act for themselves. What no one says is that it happened before.A few hundred years ago, humans started building the robots that now rule our world. They are called states and corporations: immensely powerful artificial entities, with capacities that go far beyond what any individual can do, and which, unlike us, need never die.They have made us richer, safer and healthier than would have seemed possible even a few generations ago - and they may yet destroy us. The Handover distils over three hundred years of thinking about how to live with artificial agency.
The Handover: How We Gave Control of Our Lives to Corporations, States and AIs
by David Runciman“[W]itty and refined . . . Runciman’s point is that the alliance between even a democratic government and a safe-ish A.I. could derail civilization.” —Gideon Lewis-Kraus, New Yorker An eminent political thinker uses our history with states and corporations—“artificial agents” to which we have granted immense power—to predict how AI will remake society. Countless books, news reports, and opinion pieces have announced the impending arrival of artificial intelligence, with most claiming that it will upend our world, revolutionizing not just work but society overall. Yet according to political philosopher and historian David Runciman, we’ve actually been living with a version of AI for 300 years because states and corporations are robots, too. In The Handover, Runciman explains our current situation through the history of these “artificial agents” we created to rescue us from our all-too-human limitations—and demonstrates what this radical new view of our recent past means for our collective future. From the United States and the United Kingdom to the East India Company, Standard Oil, Facebook, and Alibaba, states and corporations have gradually, and then much more rapidly, taken over the planet. They have helped to conquer poverty and eliminate disease, but also unleashed global wars and environmental degradation. As Runciman demonstrates, states and corporations are the ultimate decision-making machines, defined by their ability to make their own choices and, crucially, to sustain the consequences of what has been chosen. And if the rapid spread of the modern state and corporation has already transformed the conditions of human existence, new AI technology promises the same. But what happens when AI interacts with other kinds of artificial agents, the inhuman kind represented by states and corporations? Runciman argues that the twenty-first century will be defined by increasingly intense battles between state and corporate power for the fruits of the AI revolution. In the end, it is not our own, human relationship with AI that will determine our future. Rather, humanity’s fate will be shaped by the interactions among states, corporations, and thinking machines. With clarity and verve, The Handover presents a brilliantly original history of the last three centuries and a new understanding of the immense challenges we now face.
Hand's End: Technology and the Limits of Nature
by David RothenbergHand's End offers a new philosophy of technology as the fundamental way in which humans experience and define nature—the tool as humanity extended. Rothenberg examines human inventions from the water wheel to the nuclear bomb and discusses theories of technology in the thought of philosophers including Plato, Aristotle, Bacon, Marx, Heidegger, Spinoza, Mumford, and McLuhan.
The Handy Philosophy Answer Book
by Naomi ZackCombining a basic history of philosophical thought with the often quirky personal stories of famous philosophers, this comprehensive introduction to the world of philosophy answers more than 1,000 questions, ranging from What was the Enlightenment? to Why did the Pythagorians avoid fava beans? Analyzing the collective effort of philosophers throughout history in the pursuit of truth and wisdom, the guide explores the tangible significance of philosophical thought to modern society and civilization as a whole. With a wide range of information suitable for various knowledge bases-from junior high to junior college-this is an ideal resource for anyone looking to get a better grasp of the history of thought.
A Hanging in Nacogdoches: Murder, Race, Politics, and Polemics in Texas's Oldest Town, 1870-1916
by Gary B. BordersOn October 17, 1902, in Nacogdoches, Texas, a black man named James Buchanan was tried without representation, condemned, and executed for the murder of a white family--all in the course of three hours.<P><P> Two white men played pivotal roles in these events: Bill Haltom, a leading local Democrat and the editor of the Nacogdoches Sentinel, who condemned lynching but defended lynch mobs, and A. J. Spradley, a Populist sheriff who, with the aid of hundreds of state militiamen, barely managed to keep the mob from burning Buchanan alive, only to escort him to the gallows following his abbreviated trial. Each man's story serves to illuminate a part of the path that led to the terrible parody of justice which lies at the heart of A Hanging in Nacogdoches.
Hanging Together: Role-Based Constitutional Fellowship and the Challenge of Difference and Disagreement
by Eric W. ChengDifference and disagreement can be valuable, yet they can also spiral out of control and damage liberal democracy. Advancing a metaphor of citizenship that the author terms 'role-based constitutional fellowship,' this book offers a solution to this challenge. Cheng argues that a series of 'divisions of labor' among citizens, differently situated, can help cultivate the foundational trust required to harness the benefits of disagreement and difference while preventing them from 'overheating' and, in turn, from leaving liberal democracy vulnerable to the growing influence of autocratic political forces. The book recognizes, however, that it is not always appropriate to attempt to cultivate trust, and acknowledges the important role that some forms of confrontation might play in identifying and rectifying undue social hierarchies, such as racial-ethnic hierarchies. Hanging Together thereby works to pave a middle way between deliberative and realist conceptions of democracy.
Hannah Arendt (International Library of Essays in the History of Social and Political Thought)
by Amy AllenHannah Arendt was one of the most original and influential social and political theorists of the 20th century. This volume brings together the most important English-language essays of the past 30 years on Arendt's unique and lasting contributions to social and political philosophy.
Hannah Arendt: The Last Interview
by Hannah ArendtArendt was one of the most important thinkers of her time, famous for her idea of "the banality of evil" which continues to provoke debate. This collection provides new and startling insight into Arendt's thoughts about Watergate and the nature of American politics, about totalitarianism and history, and her own experiences as an émigré.Hannah Arendt: The Last Interview and Other Conversations is an extraordinary portrait of one of the twentieth century's boldest and most original thinkers. As well as Arendt's last interview with French journalist Roger Errera, the volume features an important interview from the early 60s with German journalist Gunter Gaus, in which the two discuss Arendt's childhood and herescape from Europe, and a conversation with acclaimed historian of the Nazi period, Joachim Fest, as well as other exchanges.These interviews show Arendt in vigorous intellectual form, taking up the issues of her day with energy and wit. She offers comments on the nature of American politics, on Watergate and the Pentagon Papers, on Israel; remembers her youth and her early experience of anti-Semitism, and then the swift rise of the Hitler; debates questions of state power and discusses her own processes of thinking and writing. Hers is an intelligence that never rests, that demands always of her interlocutors, and her readers, that they think critically. As she puts it in her last interview, just six months before her death at the age of 69, "there are no dangerous thoughts, for the simple reason that thinking itself is such a dangerous enterprise."
Hannah Arendt: Legal Theory and the Eichmann Trial (Nomikoi: Critical Legal Thinkers)
by Peter BurdonHannah Arendt is one of the great outsiders of twentieth-century political philosophy. After reporting on the trial of Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann, Arendt embarked on a series of reflections about how to make judgments and exercise responsibility without recourse to existing law, especially when existing law is judged as immoral. This book uses Hannah Arendt’s text Eichmann in Jerusalem to examine major themes in legal theory, including the nature of law, legal authority, the duty of citizens, the nexus between morality and law and political action.
Hannah Arendt: Between Ideologies (International Political Theory)
by Rebecca DewThis book presents an incisive survey of twentieth-century transatlantic ideational exchange. The author argues that German-American political thinker Hannah Arendt is to be distinguished not only from the French side of the existentialist movement, but singled out from Heidegger on the German side, as well. The primary feature of Arendt’s existentialism is its practicality in political terms; its acknowledgment of the vital need for viable public spaces of vocalization, action and interaction; its recommendation of councils, constitutions and other structural foundations for the visible presentation of politics; and the applicability of her view of political action to her estimation of authentic human living. Drawing from the work of Karl Jaspers as her primary exemplar, conclusions are made as to the degree to which Arendt’s existentialism, thereby identified as atypical, is to be assessed as postmodern without going so far as to declare her intellectual bent postmodernist.
Hannah Arendt: Key Concepts (Key Concepts)
by Patrick HaydenHannah Arendt is one of the most prominent thinkers of modern times, whose profound influence extends across philosophy, politics, law, history, international relations, sociology, and literature. Presenting new and powerful ways to think about human freedom and responsibility, Arendt's work has provoked intense debate and controversy. 'Hannah Arendt: Key Concepts' explores the central ideas of Arendt's thought, such as freedom, action, power, judgement, evil, forgiveness and the social. Bringing together an international team of contributors, the essays provide lucid accounts of Arendt's fundamental themes and their ethical and political implications. The specific concepts Arendt deployed to make sense of the human condition, the phenomena of political violence, terror and totalitarianism, and the prospects of sustaining a shared public world are all examined. 'Hannah Arendt: Key Concepts' consolidates the disparate strands of Arendt's thought to provide an accessible and essential guide for anybody who wishes to gain a deeper understanding of this leading intellectual figure.
Hannah Arendt: A Life in Dark Times
by Anne C HellerThe acclaimed biographer presents &“a perceptive life of the controversial political philosopher&” and author of Eichmann in Jerusalem (Kirkus Reviews). Hannah Arendt was a polarizing cultural theorist—extolled by her peers as a visionary and berated by her critics as a poseur and a fraud. Born in Prussia to assimilated Jewish parents, she escaped from Hitler&’s Germany in 1933. Arendt is now best remembered for the storm of controversy that surrounded her 1963 New Yorker series on the trial of Adolf Eichmann, a kidnapped Nazi war criminal. Arendt&’s first book, The Origins of Totalitarianism, single-handedly altered the way generations around the world viewed fascism and genocide. Her most famous work, Eichmann in Jerusalem, created fierce debate that continues to this day, exacerbated by the posthumous discovery that she had been the lover of the philosopher and Nazi sympathizer Martin Heidegger. In this comprehensive biography, Anne C. Heller tracks the source of Arendt&’s contradictions and achievements to her sense of being a &“conscious pariah&”—one of those rare people who doesn&’t &“lose confidence in ourselves if society does not approve us&” and will not &“pay any price&” to gain the acceptance of others.
Hannah Arendt: The Illegitimacy of Violence (Peacemakers)
by Ramin JahanbeglooThis book presents an original understanding of Arendt in the context of comparative political theory. The author discusses Arendt’s acute and perceptive view of violence as well as practical applications of her thought in a comparative context.The book examines Hannah Arendt’s ideas about politics and violence provoked by the horrors of totalitarianism. It applies the rich potential of Arendt’s insights to the wider cultural context and discourse of nonviolence. Through case studies of India and Iran, it presents a new way of reading Arendt’s understanding and critique of violence beyond the simple analysis of her work on power and violence.An original, nuanced and meaningful guide to Hannah Arendt, the book will be essential reading for students and scholars in politics, philosophy and peace and conflict studies.
Hannah Arendt: The Promise of Education (SpringerBriefs in Education)
by Jon NixonThis book gathers some of Hannah Arendt’s core themes and focuses them on the question, ‘What is education for?’ For Arendt, as for Aristotle, education is the means whereby we achieve personal autonomy through the exercise of independent judgement, attain adulthood through the recognition of others as equal but different, gain a sense of citizenship through the assumption of our civic rights and responsibilities, and realize our full potential as sentient beings with the capacity for human ‘flourishing’ and ‘happiness’ (eudaimonia). In order to appreciate the pivotal role that education plays in Arendt’s analysis of the human condition, we have to understand the emphasis she placed on ‘thoughtfulness’, as the measure of our humanity and on ‘thoughtlessness’, as the measure of our inhumanity. Education sustains and develops the human capacity: to think together (phronesis), to think for oneself (what Arendt called ‘the two-in-one’ of thinking), and to think from the point of view of others (what she termed ‘representative thinking’). From the developing constellation of ideas embedded in her vast and varied body of work, the author infers a notion of education as a necessary preparation for personal fulfillment, social engagement, and civic participation.
Hannah Arendt: Lektüren zur politischen Bildung (Bürgerbewusstsein)
by Tonio Oeftering Waltraud Meints-Stender Dirk LangeHannah Arendts Philosophie des Politischen ist in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts zum Klassiker avanciert. Ihr emphatischer Begriff des Politischen wird in der Sozialphilosophie und in der politischen Theorie kontrovers debattiert. In jüngster Vergangenheit ist auch in der politischen Bildung eine deutliche Zunahme der Arendt Rezeption zu verzeichnen, in der auf ganz unterschiedliche Weise auf ihre Schriften Bezug genommen wird. Die Autorinnen und Autoren dieses Bandes nehmen dies zum Anlass, bildungspolitische Zugänge und Lektüren von Hannah Arendts Schriften zu präsentieren, um damit ihren grundlagentheoretischen Beitrag zur politischen Bildung zu erfassen.Mit Beiträgen von Fred Dewey, Jerome Kohn, Wolfgang Heuer, Ingo Juchler, Dirk Lange, Bettina Lösch, Helgard Mahrdt, Waltraud Meints-Stender, Ingeborg Nordmann, Tonio Oeftering und Elisabeth Young-Bruehl
Hannah Arendt (Routledge Critical Thinkers)
by Simon SwiftHannah Arendt's work offers a powerful critical engagement with the cultural and philosophical crises of mid-twentieth-century Europe. Her idea of the banality of evil, made famous after her report on the trial of the Nazi war criminal, Adolf Eichmann, remains controversial to this day. In the face of 9/11 and the 'war on terror', Arendt's work on the politics of freedom and the rights of man in a democratic state are especially relevant. Her impassioned plea for the creation of a public sphere through free, critical thinking and dialogue provides a significant resource for contemporary thought. Covering her key ideas from The Origins of Totalitarianism and The Human Condition as well as some of her less well-known texts, and focussing in detail on Arendt's idea of storytelling, this guide brings Arendt's work into the twenty-first century while helping students to understand its urgent relevance for the contemporary world.