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Imagining the End: Mourning and Ethical Life
by Jonathan Lear“Imagining the End suggests, in a sober yet hopeful spirit, how mourning, rightly understood, can give meaning to our lives in the disenchanted times in which we find ourselves. In exploring the hopes that have failed us, the projects that have run into the sand, the loves we have lost, the attachments that have come to an end—a work of what amounts to creative mourning—we can develop a stance in the here and how from which the psyche can look outward and flourish. As he did earlier in his explorations of what it can mean to hope, Jonathan Lear here expands and deepens our understanding of what it can mean to mourn.”—J. M. Coetzee, Nobel LaureateA leading philosopher explores the ethics and psychology of flourishing during times of personal and collective crisis.Imagine the end of the world. Now think about the end—the purpose—of life. They’re different exercises, but in Jonathan Lear’s profound reflection on mourning and meaning, these two kinds of thinking are also connected: related ways of exploring some of our deepest questions about individual and collective values and the enigmatic nature of the good.Lear is one of the most distinctive intellectual voices in America, a philosopher and psychoanalyst who draws from ancient and modern thought, personal history, and everyday experience to help us think about how we can flourish, or fail to, in a world of flux and finitude that we only weakly control. His range is on full display in Imagining the End as he explores seemingly disparate concerns to challenge how we respond to loss, crisis, and hope.He considers our bewilderment in the face of planetary catastrophe. He examines the role of the humanities in expanding our imaginative and emotional repertoire. He asks how we might live with the realization that cultures, to which we traditionally turn for solace, are themselves vulnerable. He explores how mourning can help us thrive, the role of moral exemplars in shaping our sense of the good, and the place of gratitude in human life. Along the way, he touches on figures as diverse as Aristotle, Abraham Lincoln, Sigmund Freud, and the British royals Harry and Meghan.Written with Lear’s characteristic elegance, philosophical depth, and psychological perceptiveness, Imagining the End is a powerful meditation on persistence in an age of turbulence and anxiety.
Imagining the Possible: Radical Politics for Conservative Times
by Stephen Eric BronnerJean-Paul Sartre originally made the term engagement a part of the existentialist vocabulary following WWII. It imples the responsibility of intervening in social or political conflicts in the hope of fostering freedom. Imagining the Possible opens different windows upon this particular engagement.
Imagining Windmills: Trust, Truth, and the Unknown in the Arts Therapies
by Marián Cao Richard Hougham Sarah ScobleImagining Windmills presents a compilation of scholarly chapters by selected authors of global standing in the arts therapies. This book reflects the theme of the 15th International Conference of the European Consortium for Arts Therapies (ECArTE), held in Alcalá de Henares, Spain, birthplace of Miguel de Cervantes. This innovative work seeks to further understanding of arts therapy education, practice and research and incorporates current thinking from art therapists, dance-movement therapists, dramatherapists and music therapists. Writers from Belgium, Germany, Greece, India, Israel, Italy, The Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, UK and USA combine to give an international voice to the book, which celebrates cultural distinctiveness, while also presenting shared intercultural developments in the professions. This interdisciplinary publication explores questions of the unknown and the imagined, misconception, delusion, truth and trust in the arts therapies. It enquires into ways in which education and the practice of the arts therapies engage with the imagination as a place of multiple realities, which may lead us closer to finding our truth. This book will be of interest and relevance not only to those in the arts therapeutic community, but also to a broad audience including those in related professions – for instance psychology, sociology, the arts, medicine, health and wellbeing and education.
The Imam of the Christians: The World of Dionysius of Tel-Mahre, c. 750–850
by Philip WoodHow Christian leaders adapted the governmental practices and political thought of their Muslim rulers in the Abbasid caliphateThe Imam of the Christians examines how Christian leaders adopted and adapted the political practices and ideas of their Muslim rulers between 750 and 850 in the Abbasid caliphate in the Jazira (modern eastern Turkey and northern Syria). Focusing on the writings of Dionysius of Tel-Mahre, the patriarch of the Jacobite church, Philip Wood describes how this encounter produced an Islamicate Christianity that differed from the Christianities of Byzantium and western Europe in far more than just theology. In doing so, Wood opens a new window on the world of early Islam and Muslims’ interactions with other religious communities.Wood shows how Dionysius and other Christian clerics, by forging close ties with Muslim elites, were able to command greater power over their coreligionists, such as the right to issue canons regulating the lives of lay people, gather tithes, and use state troops to arrest opponents. In his writings, Dionysius advertises his ease in the courts of ʿAbd Allah ibn Tahir in Raqqa and the caliph al-Ma’mun in Baghdad, presenting himself as an effective advocate for the interests of his fellow Christians because of his knowledge of Arabic and his ability to redeploy Islamic ideas to his own advantage. Strikingly, Dionysius even claims that, like al-Ma’mun, he is an imam since he leads his people in prayer and rules them by popular consent.A wide-ranging examination of Middle Eastern Christian life during a critical period in the development of Islam, The Imam of the Christians is also a case study of the surprising workings of cultural and religious adaptation.
The Imbecile’s Guide to Public Philosophy
by Murzban JalThis book studies the role of serious philosophizing in everyday life and looks at how authoritarianism negates philosophical and public reason. It sheds light on how philosophy can go beyond its life as a discipline limited to an esoteric group of academia to manifest itself via radical discursive practices in public life which enable us to understand and resolve contemporary socio-political challenges. It studies philosophy as a discipline which deals with one's orientations based on experience, the logic of reasoning, critical thinking, and most of all radical and progressive beliefs. The book argues that the contemporary rise of capitalism in modern society, resonating Émile Durkheim’s cautions on "anomie", has favoured individualism, differentiation, marginalization, and exploitation, balanced on an eroding collective consciousness and a steady disintegration of humanity and reason. Taking this into consideration, it discusses how philosophy, both mainstream and marginal, can revive democracy in society which then is able to confront global authoritarianism led by the figure of the imbecile. Finally, it also provides a range of new perspectives on the questions of civic freedom, hegemony of language, social justice, identity, invisible paradigms, gender justice, democracy, multiculturalism, and decolonization. This book is an invigorating compilation of essays from diverse disciplines, engaging the need to create a humanistic public philosophy to transcend the state of imbecility. It will be of great interest to students, scholars and researchers of philosophy, contemporary politics, history, and sociology, as well as general readers.
The IMF and Fragile States Evaluation Report 2018: Evaluation Report 2018
by International Monetary FundA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Imitación y experiencia (Tetralogía de la Ejemplaridad)
by Javier Gomá LanzónImitación y experiencia establece los fundamentos de una teoría general de la ejemplaridad, con su parte pragmática y su parte metafísica, poniendo así los cimientos filosóficos sobre los que descansan los otros tres títulos de esta tetralogía. La imitación es una de esas ideas fundamentales de la cultura occidental que, como la del ser, recorre todo el pensamiento europeo de un extremo a otro. <P><P>Para crear el contexto de comprensión adecuado, este libro, como paso previo, recupera una tradición de conceptos clásicos de la cultura como los de modelo, ejemplo o imitación. A través de una extensa investigación, reúne y ordena el vasto material bibliográfico disponible para narrar por primera vez la historia de la teoría de la ejemplaridad desde los orígenes hasta nuestros días distinguiendo entre cuatro clases de imitación y tres grandes etapas culturales. <P><P> Cada uno de los títulos de esta tetralogía es autónomo y de lectura independiente y al mismo tiempo los cuatro forman parte de un plan unitario en torno a la idea de ejemplaridad: su historia y su teoría general (Imitación y experiencia), su formación subjetiva (Aquiles en el gineceo), su aplicación a la esfera política (Ejemplaridad pública) y su relación con la esperanza (Necesario pero imposible). Esta edición culmina un plan literario-filosófico muy antiguo y largamente cultivado por el autor.
Imitation Democracy: The Development of Russia's Post-Soviet Political System
by Dmitrii FurmanExamines the history and functioning of Russia's post-Soviet political system–an &“imitation democracy&”After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia under Yeltsin and Putin implemented a political system of &“imitation democracy,&” marked by &“a huge disparity between formal constitutional principles and the reality of authoritarian rule.&” How did this system take shape, how else might it have developed, and what are the prospects for re-envisioning it more democratically in the future?These questions animate Dmitrii Furman&’s Imitation Democracy, a welcome antidote to books that blandly decry Putin as an omnipotent dictator, without considering his platforms, constituencies, and sources of power. With extensive public opinion polling drawn from throughout the late- and post-Soviet period, and a thorough knowledge of both official and unofficial histories, Furman offers a definitive account of the formation of the modern Russian political system, casting it into powerful relief through comparisons with other post-Soviet states.Peopled with grey technocrats, warring oligarchs, patriots, and provocateurs, Furman&’s narrative details the struggles among partisan factions, and the waves of public sentiment, that shaped modern Russia&’s political landscape, culminating in Putin&’s third presidential term, which resolves the contradiction between the &“form&” and &“content&” of imitation democracy, &“the formal dependence of power on elections and the actual dependence of elections on power.&”
The Imitation of Christ (Dover Thrift Editions Ser.)
by Thomas À Kempis Harold Bolton Aloysius CroftThis classic of Christian devotional literature has brought understanding and comfort to millions for centuries. Both Protestants and Catholics — as well as mystics and historians of religious thought — have studied these meditations on the life and teachings of Jesus, finding in them a path to prayer and spiritual guidance. Written in a candid and conversational style, The Imitation of Christ discusses liberation from worldly inclinations, recollection as a preparation for prayer, the consolations of prayer, and the place of eucharistic communion in a devout life. With its simple, readable text, this translation will appeal to new readers as well as to those already familiar with this religious classic.
The Imitation of Mary: How to Grow in Virtue and Merit God's Grace
by Quan D. TranIn this book, the author shows how to imitate the twelve essential qualities of Mary in order to unleash a torrent of graces in life. He explains that, like any gift, grace must be received, opened, and used. As you learn how, you'll begin to acquire the temperaments, dispositions, and qualities that are most pleasing to God, and you'll serve as a channel of God's grace for others.
Immanence and Illusion in Sartre’s Ontology of Consciousness
by Caleb HeldtThis book is a critical re-evaluation of Jean-Paul Sartre’s phenomenological ontology, in which a theory of egological complicity and self-deception informing his later better known theory of bad faith is developed. This novel reinterpretation offers a systematic challenge to orthodox apprehensions of Sartre’s conceputualization of transcendental consciousness and the role that the ego plays within his account of pre-reflective consciousness. Heldt persuasively demonstrates how an adequate comprehension of Sartre’s theories of negation and reflection can reveal the world as it appears to human consciousness as one in which our reality is capable of becoming littered with illusions. As the foundation upon which the rest of Sartre’s philosophical project is built, it is essential that the phenomenological ontology of Sartre’s early writings be interpreted with clarity. This book provides such a reinterpretation. In doing so, a philosophical inquiry emerges which is genuinely contemporary in its aim and scope and which seeks to demonstrate the significance of Sartre’s thought, not only as significant to the history of philosophy, but to ongoing debates in continental philosophy and philosophy of mind.
The Immanence of Theology and the Absurdity of Faith: Believing in the World (Radical Theologies and Philosophies)
by Elijah Prewitt-DavisThe constant inundation of the affect and information experienced by contemporary individuals exposes the tragic nature of the world, making nihilism an epistemologically reasonable response. To counter the threat of nihilism, Elijiah Prewitt-Davis argues that knowledge must be replaced by belief. Against the common protestant concept of belief as strictly personal and interior, he proposes believing in the world as an absurd and immanent faith in the impossible—a belief that allows one to see and feel the potentialities simmering within the world as it is. Following Gilles Deleuze call to “transform belief,” Prewitt-Davis explores how belief heightens an affective attachment to our embeddedness on the world, revealing the potentialities with which time is always pregnant. Believing in the world as it is paradoxically becomes the mode of transforming the world inasmuch as the potential for something impossibly new is always immanently present.
Immanent Critiques: The Frankfurt School under Pressure
by Martin JayThe Frankfurt School&’s own legacy is best preserved by exercising an immanent critique of its premises and the conclusions to which they often led. By distinguishing between what is still and what is no longer alive in Critical Theory, these essays seek to demonstrate its continuing relevance in the 21st century.Fifty years after the appearance of The Dialectical Imagination, his pioneering history of the Frankfurt School, Martin Jay reflects on what may be living and dead in its legacy. Rather than treating it with filial piety as a fortress to be defended, he takes seriously its anti-systematic impulse and sensitivity to changing historical circumstances. Honouring the Frankfurt School's practice of immanent critique, he puts critical pressure on a number of its own ideas by probing their contradictory impulses.Among them are the pathologization of political deviance through stigmatizing "authoritarian personalities," the undefended theological premises of Walter Benjamin's work, and the ambivalence of its members' analyses of anti-Semitism and Zionism. Additional questions are asked about other time-honored Marxist themes: the meaning of alienation, the alleged damages of abstraction, and the advocacy of a politics based on a singular notion of the truth.Rather, however, than allowing these questions to snowball into an unwarranted repudiation of the Frankfurt School legacy as a whole, the essays also acknowledge a number of its still potent arguments. They explore its neglected, but now timely analysis of "racket society," Adorno's dialectical reading of aesthetic sublimation, and the unexpected implications of Benjamin's focus on the corpse for political theory. Jay shows that it is a still evolving theoretical tradition which offers resources for the understanding of–and perhaps even practical betterment–of our increasingly troubled world.
Immanent Reasoning or Equality in Action: A Plaidoyer For The Play Level (Logic, Argumentation And Reasoning Ser. #18)
by Shahid Rahman Zoe McConaughey Ansten Klev Nicolas ClerboutThis monograph proposes a new way of implementing interaction in logic. It also provides an elementary introduction to Constructive Type Theory (CTT). The authors equally emphasize basic ideas and finer technical details. In addition, many worked out exercises and examples will help readers to better understand the concepts under discussion.One of the chief ideas animating this study is that the dialogical understanding of definitional equality and its execution provide both a simple and a direct way of implementing the CTT approach within a game-theoretical conception of meaning. In addition, the importance of the play level over the strategy level is stressed, binding together the matter of execution with that of equality and the finitary perspective on games constituting meaning.According to this perspective the emergence of concepts are not only games of giving and asking for reasons (games involving Why-questions), they are also games that include moves establishing how it is that the reasons brought forward accomplish their explicative task. Thus, immanent reasoning games are dialogical games of Why and How.
The Immanent Word: The Turn to Language in German Philosophy, 1759-1801
by Katie TerezakisThe Immanent Word establishes that the philosophical study of language inaugurated in the 1759 works of Hamann and Lessing marks a paradigm shift in modern philosophy; it analyzes the transformation of that shift in works of Herder, Kant, Fichte, Novalis and Schlegel. It contends that recent studies of early linguistic philosophy obscure the most relevant commission of its thinkers, arguing against the theological appropriation of Hamann by John Milbank; against the "expressive" appropriation of Hamann and Herder by Christina Lafont and Charles Taylor; and against Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe and Jean-Luc Nancy’s uncritical championing of Schlegel’s ideological position.
Immanuel Kant: Key Concepts (Key Concepts)
by Will Dudley Kristina EngelhardImmanuel Kant is among the most pivotal thinkers in the history of philosophy. His transcendental idealism claims to overcome the skepticism of David Hume, resolve the impasse between empiricism and rationalism, and establish the reality of human freedom and moral agency. A thorough understanding of Kant is indispensable to any philosopher today. The significance of Kant's thought is matched by its complexity. His revolutionary ideas are systematically interconnected and he presents them using a forbidding technical vocabulary. A careful investigation of the key concepts that structure Kant's work is essential to the comprehension of his philosophical project. This book provides an accessible introduction to Kant by explaining each of the key concepts of his philosophy. The book is organized into three parts, which correspond to the main areas of Kant's transcendental idealism: Theoretical Philosophy; Practical Philosophy; and, Aesthetics, Teleology, and Religion. Each chapter presents an overview of a particular topic, while the whole provides a clear and comprehensive account of Kant's philosophical system.
Immanuel Kant
by Mary Gregor Andrews ReathThis is the first English translation of all of Kant's writings on moral and political philosophy collected in a single volume. No other collection competes with the comprehensiveness of this one. As well as Kant's most famous moral and political writings, the Groundwork to the Metaphysics of Morals, the Critique of Practical Reason, the Metaphysics of Morals, and Toward Perpetual Peace, the volume includes shorter essays and reviews, some of which have never been translated before. There is also an English-German and German-English glossary of key terms.
Immanuel Kant
by Robert B. Louden Manfred KuehnIn this two-volume collection, Klemme (Institut fr Philosophie, Otto-von-Guericke Universitt) and Kuehn (philosophy, Purdue U. ) present some of the best discussion of Kant in English, i. e. those selections which are either classics or deserve to be classics. Volume I, 25 essays, discusses his theoretical philosophy. Although a small section is devoted to the concept of teleology, the main focus is upon the transcendental aesthetic and logic rather than upon the dialectic. Volume II, 25 essays, deals with aspects of his practical philosophy such as the moral, the political, the philosophy of law and history, the highest good and the philosophy of religion, and Kant in context. The original essays, written between 1937 and 1996, are reproduced in full. Lacks a subject index. Annotation c. Book News, Inc. , Portland, OR (booknews. com)
Immanuel Kant: Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals in Focus (Routledge Philosophers In Focus Ser.)
by Lawrence PasternackThe Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals^ is one of the most important works of moral philosophy ever written, and Kant's most widely read work. It attempts to demonstrate that morality has its foundation in reason and that our wills are free from both natural necessity and the power of desire. It is here that Kant sets out his famous and controversial 'categorical imperative', which forms the basis of his moral theory.This book is an essential guide to the groundwork and the many important and profound claims that Kant raises. The book combines an invaluable introduction to the work offering an exploration of these arguments and setting them in the context of Kant's thinking, along with the complete H.J Paton translation of the work, and a selection of six of the best contemporary commentaries. It is the ideal companion for all students of Kantian ethics and anyone interested in moral philosophy. _ _ _
Immanuel Kant (International Library of Essays in the History of Social and Political Thought)
by Arthur RipsteinKant casts a long shadow over contemporary debates in political philosophy. The Kantian roots of ideas of dignity, autonomy, equality and freedom under law are widely acknowledged. Kant’s own developments of those ideas in his explicitly political writings are taken up less frequently. The aim of this volume is to help bring those contributions out of the shadows. The articles and essays explore various dimensions of Kant’s complex and powerful picture of the relation between morality and politics that Kant develops.
Immanuel Kant: Theoretical philosophy, 1755-1770
by David WalfordThis is the first volume of the first ever comprehensive edition of the works of Immanuel Kant in English translation. The eleven essays in this volume constitute Kant's theoretical, pre-critical philosophical writings from 1755 to 1770. Several of these pieces have never been translated into English before; others have long been unavailable in English. We can trace in these works the development of Kant's thought to the eventual emergence in 1770 of the two chief tenets of his mature philosophy: the subjectivity of space and time, and the phenomena-noumena distinction. The volume has been furnished with substantial editorial apparatus, including a general introduction to the main themes of Kant's early thought, introduction to the individual works and résumés of their contents, linguistic and factual notes, bibliographies, a glossary of key terms, and biographical-bibliographical sketches of persons mentioned by Kant.
Immanuel Kant: Anthropology, History, and Education
by Günter Zöller Robert B. Louden Immanuel KantAnthropology, History, and Education, first published in 2007, contains all of Kant's major writings on human nature. Some of these works, which were published over a thirty-nine year period between 1764 and 1803, had never before been translated into English. Kant's question 'What is the human being?' is approached indirectly in his famous works on metaphysics, epistemology, moral and legal philosophy, aesthetics and the philosophy of religion, but it is approached directly in his extensive but less well-known writings on physical and cultural anthropology, the philosophy of history, and education which are gathered in the present volume. Kant repeatedly claimed that the question 'What is the human being?' should be philosophy's most fundamental concern, and Anthropology, History, and Education can be seen as effectively presenting his philosophy as a whole in a popular guise.
Immanuel Kant's Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals: A Commentary
by Dieter SchöneckerA defining work of moral philosophy, Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals has been highly influential and famously difficult. Dieter Schönecker and Allen Wood make clear the ways this work forms the basis of our modern moral outlook and how moral law relates to freedom and free will within Kant's overall philosophy.
Immanuel Kant's Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals: A Commentary
by Dieter Schönecker Allen W. Wood Immanuel KantA defining work of moral philosophy, Kant's Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals has been influential to an extent far beyond what its modest length (roughly 75 pages) might suggest. It is also a famously difficult work, concerned with propounding universal principles rather than answering practical questions. As even professional philosophers will admit, first-time readers are not alone in finding some of its arguments perplexing. Offering an introduction that is accessible to students and relevant to specialized scholars, Dieter Schönecker and Allen Wood make luminously clear the ways the Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals forms the basis of our modern moral outlook: that all human beings have equal dignity as ends in themselves; that every rational being is a self-governing agent whose morality freely derives from his or her own will; and that all rational beings constitute an ideal community, bound only by the moral laws they have agreed upon. Schönecker and Wood explain key Kantian concepts of duty, the good will, and moral worth, as well as the propositions Kant uses to derive his conception of the moral law. How the law relates to freedom, and the significance of the free will within Kant's overall philosophy are rigorously interrogated. Where differing interpretations of Kant's claims are possible, the authors provide alternative options, giving arguments for each. This critical introduction will help readers of the Groundwork gain an informed understanding of Kant's challenging but central philosophical work.
Immanuel Kant's Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics in Focus (Philosophers in Focus)
by Beryl LoganThis collection of seminal essays on the Prolegomena provides the student of philosophy with an invaluable overview of the issues and problems raised by Kant. Starting with the Carus translation of Kant's work, the edition offers a substantive new introduction, six papers never before published together and a comprehensive bibliography. Special attention is paid to the relationship between Kant and David Hume, whose philosophical investigations, according to Kant's famous quote, first interrupted Kant's 'dogmatic slumber'.