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Marsilius of Padua at the Intersection of Ancient and Medieval Traditions of Political Thought
by Vaileios SyrosThis book focuses on the reception of classical political ideas in the political thought of the fourteenth-century Italian writer Marsilius of Padua. Vasileios Syros provides a novel cross-cultural perspective on Marsilius's theory and breaks fresh ground by exploring linkages between his ideas and the medieval Muslim, Jewish, and Byzantine traditions.Syros investigates Marsilius's application of medical metaphors in his discussion of the causes of civil strife and the desirable political organization. He also demonstrates how Marsilius's demarcation between ethics and politics and his use of examples from Greek mythology foreshadow early modern political debates (involving such prominent political authors as Niccolò Machiavelli and Paolo Sarpi) about the political dimension of religion, church-state relations, and the emergence and decline of the state.
Martial Aesthetics: How War Became an Art Form
by Anders Engberg-PedersenThe twenty-first century has witnessed a pervasive militarization of aesthetics with Western military institutions co-opting the creative worldmaking of art and merging it with the destructive forces of warfare. In Martial Aesthetics, Anders Engberg-Pedersen examines the origins of this unlikely merger, showing that today's creative warfare is merely the extension of a historical development that began long ago. Indeed, the emergence of martial aesthetics harkens back to a series of inventions, ideas, and debates in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Already then, military thinkers and inventors adopted ideas from the field of aesthetics about the nature, purpose, and force of art and retooled them into innovative military technologies and a new theory that conceptualized war not merely as a practical art, but as an aesthetic art form. This book shows how military discourses and early war media such as star charts, horoscopes, and the Prussian wargame were entangled with ideas of creativity, genius, and possible worlds in philosophy and aesthetic theory (by thinkers such as Leibniz, Baumgarten, Kant, and Schiller) in order to trace the emergence of martial aesthetics. Adopting an approach that is simultaneously historical and theoretical, Engberg-Pedersen presents a new frame for understanding war in the twenty-first century.
Martial Arts and Philosophy: Beating and Nothingness
by Graham Priest Damon A. YoungSocrates, an Athenian soldier, was a calmly efficient killing machine. His student Plato was an accomplished and broad-shouldered wrestler. Martial arts and philosophy have always gone hand in hand, as well as fist in throat. Philosophical argument is closely parallel with hand-to-hand combat. And all of today's Asian martial arts-like Karate, Kung-Fu, Judo, or Aikido-were developed to embody and apply philosophical ideas. The Japanese martial tradition of Budo, for instance, was influenced by the three philosophical traditions of Shinto, Confucianism, and Zen Buddhism, and these philosophies are still taught in Japanese martial arts schools all across the world. As Damon Young explains in his chapter, the Japanese martial arts customs of courtesy are derived from Shinto purity, Confucian virtues, and the loving brutality of Zen. In his interview with Bodidharma (included in the book), Graham Priest brings out aspects of Buddhist philosophy behind Shaolin Kung-Fu-how fighting monks are seeking Buddhahood, not brawls. But as Scott Farrell's chapter reveals, Eastern martial arts have no monopoly on philosophical traditions. Western chivalry is an education in and living revival of Aristotelian ethical theories. The Western martial art of fencing is explored by Nick Michaud, who looks at the morality of selfishness in fencing, and Christopher Lawrence and Jeremy Moss, who try to pin down what makes fencing unique: is it the sword, the techniques, the footwork, the aristocratic aura, or something else?Jack Fuller argues that his training in Karate was an education in Stoicism. Travis Taylor and Sasha Cooper reveal the utilitarian thinking behind Jigoro Kano's Judo. Kevin Krein maintains that the martial arts are a reply to the existentialist's anxiety about the meaninglessness of life. Patricia Peterson examines Karate's contribution to feminism, and Scott Beattie analyzes the role of space in the martial arts school. Joe Lynch pits the Western ideas of Plato against the Eastern ideas of the Shaolin monks. Bronwyn Finnigan and Koji Tanaka uncover the meaning of human action as it appears in Kendo. Rick Schubert explains the meaning of mastery in the fighting arts. Moving to ethical issues, Tamara Kohn discovers what we owe to others in Aikido. Chris Mortensen questions whether his own Buddhist pacifism is compatible with being a martial artist. In different ways, Gillian Russell and John Haffner and Jason Vogel assess the ways in which martial arts can morally compromise us. How can the sweaty and the brutal be exquisitely beautiful? Judy Saltzman looks into the curious charm of fighting and forms, with help from Friedrich Nietzsche.
Martin Buber: The Life of Dialogue (Martin Buber)
by Maurice S. FriedmanMartin Buber: The Life of Dialogue, the first study in any language to provide a complete overview of Buber's thought, remains the definitive guide to the full range of his work and the starting point for all modern Buber scholarship. Maurice S. Friedman reveals the implications of Buber's thought for theory of knowledge, education, philosophy, myth, history and Judaic and Christian belief.This fully revised and expanded fourth edition includes a new preface by the author, an expanded bibliography incorporating new Buber scholarship, and two new appendices in the form of essays on Buber's influence on Emmanuel Levinas and Mikhail Bakhtin.
Martin Buber: A Life of Faith and Dissent (Jewish Lives #83)
by Paul Mendes-FlohrThe first major biography in English in over thirty years of the seminal modern Jewish thinker Martin Buber An authority on the twentieth‑century philosopher Martin Buber (1878–1965), Paul Mendes-Flohr offers the first major biography in English in thirty years of this seminal modern Jewish thinker. The book is organized around several key moments, such as his sudden abandonment by his mother when he was a child of three, a foundational trauma that, Mendes-Flohr shows, left an enduring mark on Buber’s inner life, attuning him to the fragility of human relations and the need to nurture them with what he would call a “dialogical attentiveness.” Buber’s philosophical and theological writings, most famously I and Thou, made significant contributions to religious and Jewish thought, philosophical anthropology, biblical studies, political theory, and Zionism. In this accessible new biography, Mendes-Flohr situates Buber’s life and legacy in the intellectual and cultural life of German Jewry as well as in the broader European intellectual life of the first half of the twentieth century.
Martin Buber: Creaturely Life and Social Form (New Jewish Philosophy and Thought)
by Sarah ScottA new collection of essays highlighting the wide range of Buber's thought, career, and activism. Best known for I and Thou, which laid out his distinction between dialogic and monologic relations, Martin Buber (1878–1965) was also an anthologist, translator, and author of some seven hundred books and papers. Martin Buber: Creaturely Life and Social Form, edited by Sarah Scott, is a collection of nine essays that explore his thought and career.Martin Buber: Creaturely Life and Social Form shakes up the legend of Buber by decentering the importance of the I-Thou dialogue in order to highlight Buber as a thinker preoccupied by the image of relationship as a guide to spiritual, social, and political change. The result is a different Buber than has hitherto been portrayed, one that is characterized primarily by aesthetics and politics rather than by epistemology or theology. Martin Buber: Creaturely Life and Social Form will serve as a guide to the entirety of Buber's thinking, career, and activism, placing his work in context and showing both the evolution of his thought and the extent to which he remained driven by a persistent set of concerns.
Martin Buber and His Critics (Routledge Revivals): An Annotated Bibliography of Writings in English through 1978
by Willard MoonanFirst published in 1981. Martin Buber has been acclaimed as one of the major philosophical and religious thinkers of the twentieth century with his influence and achievements spanning numerous fields — however in each of these areas his work has also been severely criticised and his influence called into question. This volume brings together in a systematic arrangement all the significant material by and about Martin Buber published in English up to the centenary of his birth in 1978. To make the bibliography as useful as possible, the critical material was annotated and various indexes were constructed, including an extensive subject index to both Buber’s works and the criticism.
Martin Buber's Dialogical Thought as a Philosophy of Action
by Asaf ZidermanThe Act of Love promotes a philosophical revival of Buber’s dialogical thought by repositioning it as a philosophy of action, departing from a long-established consensus that narrowly viewed it as a post-Kantian epistemology. Based on careful analysis of his writings, the book’s main thrust is to reconstruct Buber’s argument that dialogue is the perfected form of action, and a perfect action is necessarily dialogical. This reconstruction renders Buber's dialogical thought pertinent to contemporary analytic philosophy by situating it within central discussions in the field of philosophy of action.
Martin Buber’s I and Thou (The Macat Library)
by Simon RavenscroftMartin Buber’s I and Thou argues that humans engage with the world in two ways. One is with the attitude of an ‘I’ towards an ‘It’, where the self stands apart from objects as items of experience or use. The other is with the attitude of an ‘I’ towards a ‘Thou’, where the self enters into real relation with other people, or nature, or God. Addressing modern technological society, Buber claims that while the ‘I-It’ attitude is necessary for existence, human life finds its meaning in personal relationships of the ‘I-Thou’ sort. I and Thou is Buber’s masterpiece, the basis of his religious philosophy of dialogue, and among the most influential studies of the human condition in the 20th century.
Martin Buber's Social and Religious Thought: Alienation and the Quest for Meaning (Modern Jewish Masters #5)
by Laurence J. Silberstein“Moore focuses on Buber’s central message about what it means to be a human being, a person of faith, and what mankind can do to overcome the eclipse of God.”-Shofar“Solid, well researched, and sympathetic…. might well spur a person to go back and read Buber.” -Commonwealth
Martin Buber's Theopolitics (New Jewish Philosophy and Thought)
by Samuel Hayim BrodyHow did one of the greatest Jewish thinkers of the 20th century grapple with the founding of Israel and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict—one of the most significant political conflicts of his time? Samuel Hayim Brody traces the development of Martin Buber's thinking and its implications for the Jewish religion, for the problems posed by Zionism, and for the Zionist-Arab conflict. Beginning in turbulent Weimar Germany, Brody shows how Buber's debates about Biblical meanings had concrete political consequences for anarchists, socialists, Zionists, Nazis, British, and Palestinians alike. Brody further reveals how Buber's passionate commitment to the rule of God absent an intermediary came into conflict in the face of a Zionist movement in danger of repeating ancient mistakes. Brody argues that Buber's support for Israel stemmed from a radically rich and complex understanding of the nature of the Jewish mission on earth that arose from an anarchist reading of the Bible.
Martin Heidegger: Key Concepts (Key Concepts)
by Bret W. DavisHeidegger's writings are among the most formidable in recent philosophy. The pivotal concepts of his thought are for many the source of both fascination and frustration. Yet any student of philosophy needs to become acquainted with Heidegger's thought. "Martin Heidegger: Key Concepts" is designed to facilitate this. Each chapter introduces and explains a key Heideggerian concept, or a cluster of closely related concepts. Together, the chapters cover the full range of Heidegger's thought in its early, middle, and later phases.
Martin Heidegger
by Steven HodgeThis book sets out to explore the challenge to education contained in Heidegger's work. His direct remarks about education are examined and placed in the broader context of his philosophy to create an account of Heidegger's challenge. Martin Heidegger is an undisputed giant of 20th Century thought. During his long academic career he made decisive contributions to philosophy, influencing a host of thinkers in the process including Arendt, Gadamer, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty, Derrida and Foucault. Heidegger inquired into the deepest levels of human being and its social, natural and technological contexts. Although he did not develop a systematic philosophy of education, his philosophical insights and occasional remarks about education make him an interesting and troubling figure for education. Heidegger is of interest to education for his contributions to our understanding of human being and its environment. Heidegger's insights are troubling, too, for many of the assumptions of education. His critiques of humanism and the modern instrumental mindset in particular have significant implications. The work of scholars who have expanded on Heidegger's remarks and those who have been influenced by his philosophy is also surveyed to fill out the examination. A vision of education emerges in which teachers and learners awaken to the deadening influences around them and become attuned to the openness of being.
Martin Heidegger (International Library of Essays in the History of Social and Political Thought)
by Stephen MulhallAlthough Heidegger's writings are not extensively concerned with the analysis of political concepts or with advocating particular arrangements of political institutions, his basic way of understanding the human relation to the world accords a constitutive significance to its social, cultural and historical dimensions. There is thus a political aspect to his thinking about every philosophical matter to which he turns his attention. This collection of essays is designed to identify, contextualize and critically evaluate the main phases of his intellectual development from that perspective.
Martin Heidegger
by George SteinerA rich and evocative study of one of modern history&’s most compelling and controversial philosophers by a literary and critical grand master In Martin Heidegger, George Steiner delves into the life and work of the prolific German philosopher. His deft analysis lays bare the intricacies of Heidegger&’s work and his influence on modern society, offering a clear and accessible analysis of the philosopher&’s more difficult ideas, from the human condition and language to being and the meaning of time. Written with Steiner&’s trademark eloquence and precision, Martin Heidegger is the seminal look at the man and his groundbreaking ideas—the perfect study for scholars, Heidegger fanatics, and curious readers alike.
Martin Heidegger and the Truth About the Black Notebooks (Analecta Husserliana #123)
by Friedrich-Wilhelm von Herrmann Francesco AlfieriToward the beginning of 2013, I received reports of passages in the Black Notebooks that offered observations on Jewry, or as the case may be, world Jewry. It immediately became clear to me that the publication of the Black Notebooks would call forth a wide-spread international debate. Already in the Spring of 2013, I had asked Professor Friedrich-Wilhelm von Herrmann, last private assistant – and in the words of my grandfather, the “chief co-worker of the complete edition”, – if he might review the Notebooks as a whole, based on his profound insight into the thought of Martin Heidegger, and in particular, review those Jewish-related passages that were the focus of the public eye.Publications about the Black Notebooks quickly came to propagate catchy expressions such as “being-historical anti-Semitism” and “metaphysical anti-Semitism”. The first question that obviously arises is: Does the thought of Martin Heidegger exhibit any kind of anti-Semitism at all?In this book Professor von Herrmann now advances his hermeneutic explication. With Professor Francesco Alfieri of the Pontificia Università Lateranense he has found a colleague who has drawn up a comprehensive philological analysis of volumes GA 94 through GA 97 of the Complete Edition.The fact that Heidegger designated the hitherto published “black notebooks” as Ponderings (Überlegungen) and as Observations (Anmerkungen) has been given little consideration. He intentionally placed them at the conclusion of the Complete Edition because without acquaintance with the lectures, and above all, with the being-historical treatises that would come to be published in the framework of the Complete Edition, they would not be comprehensible. (Arnulf Heidegger)
Martin Heidegger on Technology, Ecology, and the Arts
by Anthony LackLack begins with a discussion of Max Weber's analysis of the disenchantment of the world and proceeds to develop Heidegger's philosophy in a way that suggests a "re-enchantment" of the world that faces the modern condition squarely, without nostalgia.
Martin Heidegger Saved My Life (Forerunners: Ideas First)
by Grant FarredIn Martin Heidegger Saved My Life, Grant Farred combines autobiography with philosophical rumination to offer this unusual meditation on American racism. In the fall of 2013 while raking leaves outside his home, Farred experienced a racist encounter: a white woman stopped to ask him, &“Would you like another job?&” Farred responded, &“Only if you can match my Cornell faculty salary.&” The moment, however, stuck with him. The black man had gravitated to, of all people, Martin Heidegger, specifically Heidegger&’s pronouncement, &“Only when man speaks, does he think—and not the other way around,&” in order to unpack this encounter. In this essay, Farred grapples with why it is that Heidegger—well known as a Nazi—resonates so deeply with him during this encounter instead of other, more predictable figures such as Malcolm X, W. E. B. DuBois, or Frantz Fanon. Forerunners is a thought-in-process series of breakthrough digital works. Written between fresh ideas and finished books, Forerunners draws on scholarly work initiated in notable blogs, social media, conference plenaries, journal articles, and the synergy of academic exchange. This is gray literature publishing: where intense thinking, change, and speculation take place in scholarship.
Martin Heidegger's Changing Destinies: Catholicism, Revolution, Nazism
by Guillaume PayenA portrait of Martin Heidegger as a man and a philosopher In this biography of Martin Heidegger (1889–1976), now available in English, historian Guillaume Payen synthesizes the connections between the German philosopher&’s life and work. Critically, but without polemics, he creates a portrait of Heidegger in his time, using all available sources—lectures, letters, and the notorious &“black notebooks.&” Payen chronicles Heidegger&’s &“changing destinies&”: after the First World War, an uncompromising Catholicism gave way to a vigorous striving for a philosophical revolution—fertile ground for National Socialism. The book reflects a life of light and shadow. Heidegger was a great philosopher and teacher who cultivated friendships and love affairs with Jews but also was an anti-Semitic nationalist who lamented the &“Judaization of German intellectual life.&”
Martin Luther: Father of the Reformation and Educational Reformer (SpringerBriefs in Education)
by Mihai AndroneThis book explores specific aspects of Martin Luther’s ideas on education in general, and on religious education in particular, by comparing them to the views of other great sixteenth-century reformers: Huldrych Zwingli, John Calvin, and Philip Melanchthon. By doing so, the author highlights both the originality of the German reformer’s perspective, and the major impact of the main religious movement at the dawn of modernity on the development of public education in Western Europe. Although Martin Luther was a religious reformer par excellence, and not an educational theorist, a number of pedagogically significant ideas and ideals can be identified in his extensive theological work, which may also qualify him as an education reformer. The Protestant Reformation changed the world, bringing to the fore the relation between faith and education, and made the latter a public responsibility by proving that the spiritual enlightenment of youth, regardless of gender and social origin, is indissolubly linked to instruction in general, and especially to a more thorough understanding of the classical languages, arts, history and mathematics.
Martínez Estrada, una rebelión inútil
by Juan José SebreliUn examen lúcido y fascinante del pensamiento de uno de los ensayistasmás importantes de la Argentina. Juan José Sebreli retrata al autor de «Muerte y transfiguración deMartín Fierro» y «Radiografía de la pampa» de un modo definitivo y aúncon una perspectiva escasamente suficiente: Martínez Estrada es elsolitario, el romántico, el profeta, con el repertorio de blasfemias yel pesimismo como una especie de incurable mal humor. Las sucesivasediciones de este libro se han modificado por el cambio de perspectiva,por el paso de los años -a los que se refiere el autor en los distintosprólogos hasta alcanzar, en el último, una teoría-, pero el escritor ysu volumen permanecen sin alteraciones: ese primer Sebreli pudo cincelaruna figura indiferente a las interpretaciones del futuro.
The Martyr and the Red Kimono: A Fearless Priest’s Sacrifice and A New Generation of Hope in Japan
by Naoko AbeThe remarkable true story of Saint Maximilian Kolbe, and the two men in war-torn Japan whose lives he changed forever.On the 14th of August 1941, a Polish priest named Maximilian Maria Kolbe was murdered in Auschwitz.Kolbe's life had been remarkable. Fiercely intelligent and driven, he founded a movement of Catholicism and spent several years in Nagasaki, ministering to the 'hidden Christians' who had emerged after centuries of oppression. A Polish nationalist as well as a priest, he gave sanctuary to fleeing refugees and ran Poland's largest publishing operation, drawing the wrath of the Nazis. His death was no less remarkable: he volunteered to die, saving the life of a fellow prisoner.It was an act that profoundly transformed the lives of two Japanese men. Tomei Ozaki was just seventeen when the US dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki, destroying his home and his family. Masatoshi Asari worked on a farm in Hokkaido during the war and was haunted by the inhumane treatment of prisoners in a nearby camp. Forged in the crucible of an unforgiving war, both men drew inspiration from Kolbe's sacrifice, dedicating their lives to humanity and justice. Ozaki followed in his footsteps and became a friar. Asari created cherry trees as peace offerings.In The Martyr and the Red Kimono, award-winning author Naoko Abe weaves together a deeply moving and inspirational true story of resistance, sacrifice, guilt and atonement.
Marx (Routledge Historical Biographies)
by Vincent BarnettKarl Marx has been portrayed in equal measure both as a political prophet who foresaw the end of capitalist exploitation, and as a populist Anti- Christ whose totalitarian legacy has cost millions of lives worldwide. This new biography looks beyond these caricatures in order to understand more about the real Karl Marx; about his everyday life and personal circumstances as well as his political ideology. The book tells the life story of a man of ideas, showing how his political and economic thought developed alongside his life and practical work. Vincent Barnett seeks to paint Karl Marx not as a static, unwavering character, but as a man whose beliefs developed dynamically over time. The book explores his personal background, and problems of personal income and family health. It also examines the influence of Hegel's methods on Marx's work, and his relationship with Engels. This lively, up to date guide to the life of Karl Marx provides an excellent starting point for students in history, politics and philosophy, and for all those with an interest in Marxism and political ideas.
Marx: A Beginner's Guide (Beginner's Guides)
by Andrew CollierBreathing new life into the achievements of Karl Marx, this accessible and jargon-free introduction is a timely reminder of his undiminished influence. Andrew Collier's engaging text not only introduces the reader to Marx the revolutionary, but also redefines him as one of the first truly democratic thinkers. In a concise yet searching manner, Collier covers all the elements of marxist thought, from the early writings to such major texts as 'Capital' and the key themes of labour and society. Punctuating his study with a wide range of examples, from Aristotelian thought to Thatcherite policy, he explores the traditional notion of Marx the activist, while probing the apparent inconsistencies in his work and reclaiming his place as a philosopher and political theorist. Concluding with a thought-provoking assessment of Marx's pervasive influence on the political landscape of the twenty-first century. Collier's study highlights our own global inequalities and will be warmly welcomed by students, scholars and activists from a variety of backgrounds.
Marx: Teach Yourself
by Gill HandsIs this the right book for me? Marx: A Complete Introduction will familiarize you with the revolutionary thinking of this significant man. It will take you through all the essential concepts - from class struggle to dialectical materialism. Expressing Marx's sometimes complex ideas in simple terms, and backed up with references to his own texts, this book gives you everything you need to know. Marx: A Complete Introduction includes: Chapter 1: Marx's early life Europe at the time of Marx The early life of Marx University life Life as a journalist The Communist Manifesto Exile Chapter 2: Marx's later life The move to London Family life in London Marx and Engels Work in London Das Kapital The International The later years Chapter 3: Marx and philosophy A brief history of philosophy Which philosophers influenced Marx? Ancient Greek philosophers European philosophy Utopian Socialists Revolutionaries and anarchists The importance of Hegel and Feuerbach How did Marx differ from those who went before? Political economy What part did Engels play? Chapter 4: Economic theory Dialectical materialism, historical materialism and economy The capitalist economy Commodities Theory of surplus value Profit and the division of labour Capitalism in crisis Falling wages and profits Social labour Accumulation and crisis Centralization of the economy Was Marx right about the economy? Chapter 5: Economy and society Imperialism and colonialism Fetishism Exploitation Chapter 6: Class, class struggle and revolution Introduction The development of capitalist society Dialectical materialism and class structure Class in the capitalist society Ideology Class struggle Workers' power and education The Communist League and class struggle The International Working Men's Association Is revolution inevitable? Chapter 7: Further Marxist thought After the revolution Communist society Religion Women's rights and the family Art and culture Freedom and the individual Chapter 8: Marxism after Marx - ideas that changed the world The spread of Marxist thought The development of socialism Russian communism Chinese communism The Cold War The decline of communism Has Marxism failed? Chapter 9: Marxism after Marx - the development of Marxist thought Types of Marxism Where does Marx fit in? Is Marxism relevant in the twenty-first century? The future Learn effortlessly with a new easy-to-read page design and interactive features: Not got much time? One, five and ten-minute introductions to key principles to get you started. Author insights Lots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience. Test yourself Tests in the book and online to keep track of your progress. Extend your knowledge Extra online articles to give you a richer understanding of the subject. Five things to remember Quick refreshers to help you remember the key facts. Try this Innovative exercises illustrate what you've learnt and how to use it.