- Table View
- List View
The Menace of Nationalism in Education (Routledge Library Editions: Education)
by Jonathan Scott FrenchWritten between the two World Wars this volume examines education from the American, British, French & German perspectives and the degree to which the portrayal of those countries in school textbooks contributes to nationalism or world peace.
Menacing Tides: Security, Piracy and Empire in the Nineteenth-Century Mediterranean
by Erik de LangeNew ideas of security spelled the end of piracy on the Mediterranean Sea during the nineteenth century. As European states ended their military conflicts and privateering wars against one another, they turned their attention to the 'Barbary pirates' of Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli. Naval commanders, diplomats, merchant lobbies and activists cooperated for the first time against this shared threat. Together, they installed a new order of security at sea. Drawing on European and Ottoman archival records – from diplomatic correspondence and naval journals to songs, poems and pamphlets – Erik de Lange explores how security was used in the nineteenth century to legitimise the repression of piracy. This repression brought European imperial expansionism and colonial rule to North Africa. By highlighting the crucial role of security within international relations, Menacing Tides demonstrates how European cooperation against shared threats remade the Mediterranean and unleashed a new form of collaborative imperialism.
Mencian Hermeneutics
by Chun-chieh HuangConsidered second only to Confucius in the history of Chinese thought, Mencius (371?-289 b.c.), was a moral philosopher whose arguments, while pragmatically rooted in the political and social conditions of his time, go beyond particular situations to probe their origins and speculate on their larger implications. His writings constitute a living tradition in China and the world at large. Sinological studies of Mencius have long emphasized philological and archaeological research, situating the texts mainly in Chinese history. Critical appraisal of the texts lends itself to Western traditions of interpretation.
Mencius
by David HintonThis ancient text records the teachings of Mencius (4th c. B.C.E.), the second originary sage in the Confucian tradition which has shaped Chinese civilization for over two thousand years. In a culture that makes no distinction between those realms we call the heart and the mind, Mencius was the great thinker of the heart, and it was he who added the profound inner dimensions to the Confucian vision. Given his emphasis on the heart, it isn't surprising that his philosophical method is very literary in nature: story and anecdote full of human drama and poetic turns of thought. Indeed, the text is considered a paragon of literary eloquence and style.Mencius' strikingly contemporary empiricism represented a complete secularization of the spiritualist concepts of governance that had dominated China for over a millenia. He invested the humanist Confucian vision with its inner dimensions by recognizing that the individual is an integral part of a self-generating and harmonious cosmos. He saw all the spiritual depths of that cosmology inside us, and this led to a mystical faith in the inherent nobility of human beings. In his chaotic and war-ravaged times, he was therefore passionate in his defense of the people. Indeed, he advocated a virtual democracy in which a government's legitimacy depended upon the assent of the people. Such is the enduring magic of the Mencian heart- full of compassionate and practical concern for the human condition, and yet so empty that it contains the ten thousand transformations of the entire cosmos.
Mencius: The Great Learning, The Doctrine Of The Mear [i. E. Mean] Confucian Analects [and] The Works Of Mencius (Translations from the Asian Classics)
by MenciusKnown throughout East Asia as Mengzi, or "Master Meng," Mencius (391-308 B.C.E.) was a Chinese philosopher of the late Zhou dynasty, an instrumental figure in the spread of the Confucian tradition, and a brilliant illuminator of its ideas. Mencius was active during the Warring States Period (403-221 B.C.E.), in which competing powers sought to control the declining Zhou empire. Like Confucius, Mencius journeyed to one feudal court after another, searching for a proper lord who could put his teachings into practice. Only a leader who possessed the moral qualities of a true king could unify China, Mencius believed, and in his defense of Zhou rule and Confucian philosophy, he developed an innovative and highly nuanced approach to understanding politics, self-cultivation, and human nature, profoundly influencing the course of Confucian thought and East Asian culture.Mencius is a record of the philosopher's conversations with warring lords, disciples, and adversaries of the Way, as well as a collection of pronouncements on government, human nature, and a variety of other philosophical and political subjects. Mencius is largely concerned with the motivations of human actors and their capacity for mutual respect. He builds on the Confucian idea of ren, or humaneness, and places it alongside the complementary principle of yi, or rightness, advancing a complex notion of what is right for certain individuals as they perform distinct roles in specific situations. Consequently, Mencius's impact was felt not only in the thought of the intellectual and social elite but also in the value and belief systems of all Chinese people.
Mencius
by Mencius D. C. LauMencius helped formulate a Confucian orthodoxy that helped China replace feudalism with a centralized government around 320 BC. This is part of the Four Books that make up the Confucian corpus.
Mencius And Early Chinese Thought
by Kwong-Loi ShunThe present work studies Mencius in the context of Chinese thought of his era, focusing on several key ethical concepts and contrasting Mencius's views on them with those of earlier thinkers from the Confucian and other schools of thought. These concepts, and the specific terms that define them, had a great influence on subsequent Chinese philosophy. The author closely examines these terms, showing how they were used in the Mencius and other texts. <P><P>For important passages in the Mencius, the book gives comparative evaluations of competing interpretations found in traditional Chinese commentaries, as well as contemporary translations and discussions. In the process of studying key terms and passages in the Mencius, this book also provides an insight into Mencius's views on a variety of subjects, including human nature, the ethical ideal, the process of self-cultivation, and the relation between self-cultivation and political order.
The Mending of Broken Bones: A Modern Guide to Classical Algebra
by Paul LockhartA joyful and intimate celebration of the beauty and creativity of algebra from one of the foremost math educators of our time.For many of us, algebra conjures up memories of dull classes spent wondering when we’d ever have to solve a system of equations or factor a polynomial. Indeed, most of the time, if we need to plan a budget or figure out how early to leave the house for work, common sense or a quick, seat-of-the-pants approximation is good enough.But as mathematician Paul Lockhart argues in The Mending of Broken Bones, once we stop thinking of algebra in terms of its practical applications, we can appreciate it for the beautiful and gratifying subject that it is. In his hands, algebra is the delicate craft of untangling numerical puzzles to reveal the hidden patterns and often surprising behaviors of the numbers themselves. As Lockhart traverses numerical systems, slips into and out of higher-dimensional space, and delights in the intimate connections between algebra and geometry, we come to see the discipline from his viewpoint: not as the mundane exercises of our school years, but instead as an art form whose beauty lies in its elegant simplicity.Written in Lockhart’s charming and conversational prose, The Mending of Broken Bones is an impassioned and deeply personal celebration of algebra that helps us experience the profound joys of mathematical discovery.
Mengzi: With Selections from Traditional Commentaries
by Mengzi Bryan W. Van NordenBryan Van Norden's new translation of the Mengzi (Mencius) is accurate, philosophically nuanced, and fluent. Accompanied by selected passages from the classic commentary of Zhu Xi--one of the most influential and insightful interpreters of Confucianism--this edition provides readers with a parallel to the Chinese practice of reading a classic text alongside traditional commentaries. Also included are an Introduction that situates Mengzi and Zhu Xi in their intellectual and social contexts; a glossary of names, places and important terms; a selected bibliography; and an index.
Meno
by G. M. Grube PlatoAbout G.M.A Grube's translations of Plato: "Unmistakably superior: more lucid, more accurate, more readable. Above all, they're lucidly adorned, unpretentious, and in translating Plato that counts a good deal. The prose is, as English prose, persuasive, cogent, and as eloquent as it can be without departing from the text. --William Arrowsmith
Meno: A New Translation From The Text Of Baiter, With An Introduction, A Marginal Analysis And Notes (Dover Thrift Editions)
by PlatoWhat is virtue? Can it be learned or is it innate? Is it possible to know things a priori (before experience)? In this important and influential Socratic dialogue, Plato addresses a wealth of philosophy's fundamental questions, including the difference between actually knowing something and merely maintaining a correct belief about it. The dialogue begins when Meno, a young aristocrat from Thessaly, confidently declares that he can define virtue—only to be reduced in short order to utter confusion, a fate common to those engaging in debate with Socrates. Meno's contention that a concept cannot be defined without knowledge of its nature leads to one of the most celebrated passages in the history of philosophy: Socrates asserts the doctrine of reincarnation, and by posing a mathematical puzzle to Meno's slave, demonstrates the existence of innate knowledge. This brief but profound dialogue, which forms the basis for subsequent examinations of a priori knowledge, appears here in the translation by the distinguished scholar Benjamin Jowett.
Meno (SparkNotes Philosophy Guide)
by SparkNotesMeno (SparkNotes Philosophy Guide) Making the reading experience fun! SparkNotes Philosophy Guides are one-stop guides to the great works of philosophy–masterpieces that stand at the foundations of Western thought. Inside each Philosophy Guide you&’ll find insightful overviews of great philosophical works of the Western world.
Menopause in Iranian Muslim Women: Gendered and Sexual Experiences of Menopausal Women
by Elham AminiThis book offers an original empirical study into the gendered and sexual experiences of Iranian Muslim women going through menopause. Using a biographical lifecourse lens, it explores the processes through which these experiences are shaped by hegemonic gender norms, as well as how these women express their agency. Centering the voices of Iranian Muslim women, this book links sexuality, ageing, and the body to the matter of menopause, conceived here as a gendered, embodied and lived phenomenon characterised both by cultural constraint and by individual reflexive body techniques. By considering gender and sexuality as vectors of power with internal politics, inequalities, and oppression alongside embodied practice, the author shows how the life course provides a trajectory of sex and sexuality that routes both in time, space, social and cultural context.
Men’s Friendships as Feminist Politics?: Power, Intimacy, and Change (Genders and Sexualities in the Social Sciences)
by Klara GoedeckeThis book discusses men’s friendships in relation to queer, discursive, and intersectional feminist theories. It analyses stories of intimacy, touch, hugs, and conversations, connecting these with current discussions within feminism and critical masculinity studies on “new” men, men’s political activism, and how friendships are lived and conceptualised in relation to heteronormative relationship ideals. Drawing on individual and dyadic interviews with middle-class Swedish men, all engaged in or sympathetic to feminist issues in some sense, this volume shows that Swedish gender equality ideologies as well as feminist, therapeutic, neo-liberal, and individualist discourses prevalent in the Western world structured the men’s friendships and their engagement with gender politics. Chapters cover friendship temporalities, gendered friendship ideals, friendship as men’s politics, and friendship as performed in interaction. Bridging the literatures of feminist research and friendship, the author points to tensions and contradictions in pro-feminist men’s political projects and in contemporary masculine positions.
Mensaje desde la Eternidad
by Marlo MorganUn mensaje dirigido a todas las almas, sin diferenciar entre mujeres y hombres, para restaurar nuestra dimensión espiritual perdida a través del modo en que los aborígenes han vivido en comunión con la tierra, sus criaturas y sus congéneres. Beatrice y Geoff nacieron según la tradición aborigen, en contacto con la tierra que les da de comer; pero fueron sustraídos de su entorno y, separados, vivieron perdidos en el mundo blanco. Tras realizar el camino del desierto, Beatrice encontró en la tribu de los Auténticos la sabiduría de sus antepasados, el mensaje de la Eternidad... «Este mensaje va dirigido a todas las almas, estén donde estén, y su contenido es válido para todas ellas. Lo ha sido siempre, desde los albores de la humanidad, en los tiempos de las cavernas, hasta el día de hoy. No existe diferencia alguna entre lo femenino y lo masculino. Nuestra misión no consiste en el éxito material y mundano, sino que tiene unadimensión espiritual. [...] Estos principios han sido seguidos por mi pueblo en la nación del Outback desde el principio de la historia. Nunca hemos sido labradores, mercaderes o pastores, sino cosechadores, músicos, artistas y poetas. Vivimos en comunión con la tierra, con todas las criaturas y con cada uno de nuestros congéneres.»Marlo Morgan
Mensch und Erzählung: Helmuth Plessner, Paul Ricœur und die literarische Anthropologie (Schriften zur Weltliteratur/Studies on World Literature #9)
by Marc WeilandDer Mensch lebt von Natur aus in und mit Geschichten. Mit Erzählungen bestimmt er, als wer oder was er sich denkt und wer oder was er ist. Den damit verbundenen anthropologischen und subjektivitätstheoretischen Grundlagen und Funktionen des Erzählens geht die Untersuchung anhand einer systematischen Verschränkung der Philosophischen Anthropologie Helmuth Plessners mit der Erzähltheorie Paul Ricœurs sowie aktuellen literaturtheoretischen Ansätzen nach. Dabei zeigen Analysen zu Menschenbildern in Literaturen der (Post-)Moderne und Gegenwart, dass sich die jeweils vorgenommenen Bestimmungsversuche ebenso wie die wahrgenommenen Unergründlichkeiten auch auf die literarisch reflektierten Formen und Aneignungsweisen des Narrativen auswirken – und schließlich ein exzentrisches Erzählen erzeugen.
Menschen, Macht und Mythen: Politik und Glaube im Widerstreit spätmoderner Gesellschaften
by Ludmila Lutz-Auras Dennis Bastian RudolfDer Sammelband diskutiert unterschiedliche Glaubensformen, die gegenwärtig in spätmodernen Gesellschaften miteinander in Widerstreit geraten. Mit Blick auf zunehmende Polarisierungstendenzen werden Glaubensformen und belief systems entlang Yves Bizeuls These einer neuen gesellschaftlichen Konfliktlinie rund um Fragen kollektiver Identität beleuchtet. Neben traditionellen Formen religiösen Glaubens, welche zwischen fortschreitender Säkularisierung und neuer religiöser Radikalisierung changieren, werden mythische Glaubensformen untersucht, die, als Zugang zur Welt und als Autoritäten der Welterklärung, Potential für gesellschaftliche Disruption in sich tragen.
Menschliches Leid - Perspektiven der Philosophie und Theologie, des Buddhismus und der Medizin: Medizinische Gesellschaft Mainz e.V.
by Theodor Junginger Monika Seibert-Grafe Mechthild Dreyer Tonke DennebaumIn diesem Buch werden die Sichtweisen der Philosophie, der christlichen und jüdischen Theologie, des Buddhismus, der Medizin sowie der Psychologie und Psychotherapie auf das Leid der Menschen dargestellt. Das eigene und das fremde Leid gehören grundlegend zum Leben der Menschen dazu, ebenso wie Freude und Glück. Den körperlichen oder seelischen Belastungen können viele Ursachen zugrunde liegen und oft werden Fragen nach dem Warum oder dem Sinn gestellt. Betroffene hadern damit, dass ausgerechnet sie die Erfahrung von Leid machen müssen. Diese Fragen nach den Ursachen, der Erklärung und der Bedeutung von Leid sowie die Möglichkeiten der Linderung und der Bewältigung von Leid diskutieren die Autoren im Kontext ihrer jeweiligen Fachgebiete, so dass sich dem Leser eine breite, und interdisziplinäre Sicht auf das menschliche Leid eröffnet.Weiterhin wird die Perspektive eines unmittelbar von Leid Betroffenen durch seine einprägsame Schilderung des Erlebten vermittelt.
Mental Action and the Conscious Mind (Routledge Studies in Contemporary Philosophy)
by Michael BrentMental action deserves a place among foundational topics in action theory and philosophy of mind. Recent accounts of human agency tend to overlook the role of conscious mental action in our daily lives, while contemporary accounts of the conscious mind often ignore the role of mental action and agency in shaping consciousness. This collection aims to establish the centrality of mental action for discussions of agency and mind. The thirteen original essays provide a wide-ranging vision of the various and nuanced philosophical issues at stake. Among the questions explored by the contributors are: Which aspects of our conscious mental lives are agential? Can mental action be reduced to and explained in terms of non-agential mental states, processes, or events? Must mental action be included among the ontological categories required for understanding and explaining the conscious mind more generally? Does mental action have implications for related topics, such as attention, self-knowledge, self-control, or the mind-body problem? By investigating the nature, scope, and explanation of mental action, the essays presented here aim to demonstrate the significance of conscious mental action for discussions of agency and mind. Mental Action and the Conscious Mind will be of interest to scholars and graduate students working in philosophy of mind, philosophy of action, and philosophy of agency, as well as to philosophically inclined cognitive scientists.
Mental Action and the Conscious Mind (Routledge Studies in Contemporary Philosophy)
by Michael BrentMental action deserves a place among foundational topics in action theory and philosophy of mind. Recent accounts of human agency tend to overlook the role of conscious mental action in our daily lives, while contemporary accounts of the conscious mind often ignore the role of mental action and agency in shaping consciousness. This collection aims to establish the centrality of mental action for discussions of agency and mind. The thirteen original essays provide a wide-ranging vision of the various and nuanced philosophical issues at stake. Among the questions explored by the contributors are: Which aspects of our conscious mental lives are agential? Can mental action be reduced to and explained in terms of non-agential mental states, processes, or events? Must mental action be included among the ontological categories required for understanding and explaining the conscious mind more generally? Does mental action have implications for related topics, such as attention, self-knowledge, self-control, or the mind-body problem? By investigating the nature, scope, and explanation of mental action, the essays presented here aim to demonstrate the significance of conscious mental action for discussions of agency and mind. Mental Action and the Conscious Mind will be of interest to scholars and graduate students working in philosophy of mind, philosophy of action, and philosophy of agency, as well as to philosophically inclined cognitive scientists.
The Mental as Physical (Routledge Library Editions: Philosophy of Mind)
by Edgar WilsonThe central theme of this impressively argued study is that the mental and physical are identical. Drawing heavily on recent scientific research into the mind-brain relationship, Dr Wilson argues that human mentality, rationality and purposefulness are phenomena which come within the compass of scientifically based explanation. The consequences of this thesis are enormous both in relation to the controversies about reasons and causes as explanations of human behaviour, and, more important, to the problems of free will, moral responsibility, penal philosophy, ethics and the law. The book argues that free will is a misconceived idea and that our notions of moral responsibility need radical revision. The book is of considerable relevance not only to academic philosophy but also to scientists and jurisprudents interested in the implications of this study. Originally published in 1979.
The Mental Basis of Responsibility (Routledge Revivals)
by Walter GlannonThis title was first published in 2002: This book is an analysis of the ways in which mental states ground attributions of responsibility to persons. Particular features of the book include: attention to the agent’s epistemic capacity for beliefs about the foreseeable consequences of actions and omissions; attention to the essential role of emotions in prudential and moral reasoning; a conception of personal identity that can justify holding persons responsible at later times for actions performed at earlier times; an emphasis on neurobiology as the science that should inform our thinking about free will and responsibility; and the melding of literature on free will and responsibility in contemporary analytic philosophy with legal cases, abnormal psychology, neurology and psychiatry, which offers a richer texture to the general debate on the relevant issues.
Mental Causation: The Mind-Body Problem
by Anthony DardisTwo thousand years ago, Lucretius said that everything is atoms in the void; it's physics all the way down. Contemporary physicalism agrees. But if that's so how can we—how can our thoughts, emotions, our values—make anything happen in the physical world?This conceptual knot, the mental causation problem, is the core of the mind-body problem, closely connected to the problems of free will, consciousness, and intentionality. Anthony Dardis shows how to unravel the knot. He traces its early appearance in the history of philosophical inquiry, specifically in the work of Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, and T. H. Huxley. He then develops a metaphysical framework for a theory of causation, laws of nature, and the causal relevance of properties. Using this framework, Dardis explains how macro, or higher level, properties can be causally relevant in the same way that microphysical properties are causally relevant: by their relationship with the laws of nature. Smelling an orange, choosing the orange rather than the cheesecake, reaching for the one on the left instead of the one on the right-mental properties such as these take their place alongside the physical "motor of the world" in making things happen.