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Nerve Agents in Postwar Britain: Deterrence, Publicity and Disarmament, 1945–1976 (Britain and the World)
by William KingThis book reveals the nature and level of British engagement with controversial and lethal nerve agent weapons from the end of the Second World War to Britain’s submission of a draft Chemical Weapons Convention. At the very heart of this highly secretive aspect of British defence policy were fundamental questions over whether Britain should acquire nerve agent weapons for potential first-use against the Soviet Union, retain them purely for their deterrence value, or drive for either unilateral or international chemical weapons disarmament. These considerations and concerns over nerve agent weapons were not limited to low-level defence committees, nor were they consigned to the periphery, but featured prominently at the highest levels of the British government and defence planning. Importantly, and despite stringent secrecy, the book further uncovers how public scrutiny and protest movements played a substantial and successful part in influencing policy and attitudes towards nerve agent weapons.
Nervous States: Democracy And The Decline Of Reason
by William Davies“Wide-ranging yet brilliantly astute. . . . Davies is a wild and surprising thinker who also happens to be an elegant writer.” — Jennifer Szalai, New York Times Hailed as a “masterpiece” (Mark Green, New York Times Book Review), Nervous States offers an astute diagnosis for why our politics has become so fractious and warlike. In this bold and far- reaching book, political economist William Davies argues that our increasing reliance on feeling over fact has transformed democracies. The spread of media technology and the intrusion of mass shootings and terrorist attacks into everyday life has reduced a world of logic and fact into one driven by fear and anxiety. As emotions supplant facts in our politics, we lose the basis for consensus among people who otherwise have little in common. Nervous States “sits at the intersection of ongoing debates about post-truth, the assault on reason, the privileging of personal feelings and the rise of populism” (Financial Times) and provides an essential guide to the turbulent times in which we now live. “An insightful and well- written book that explores the deep roots of the current crisis of expertise.” — Yuval Noah Harari, New York Times best-selling author of Sapiens
Nested Security: Lessons in Conflict Management from the League of Nations and the European Union
by Erin K. JenneWhy does soft power conflict management meet with variable success over the course of a single mediation? In Nested Security, Erin K. Jenne asserts that international conflict management is almost never a straightforward case of success or failure. Instead, external mediators may reduce communal tensions at one point but utterly fail at another point, even if the incentives for conflict remain unchanged. Jenne explains this puzzle using a "nested security" model of conflict management, which holds that protracted ethnic or ideological conflicts are rarely internal affairs, but rather are embedded in wider regional and/or great power disputes. Internal conflict is nested within a regional environment, which in turn is nested in a global environment. Efforts to reduce conflict on the ground are therefore unlikely to succeed without first containing or resolving inter-state or trans-state conflict processes. Nested security is neither irreversible nor static: ethnic relations may easily go from nested security to nested insecurity when the regional or geopolitical structures that support them are destabilized through some exogenous pressure or shocks, including kin state intervention, transborder ethnic ties, refugee flows, or other factors related to regional conflict processes. Jenne argues that regional security regimes are ideally suited to the management of internal conflicts, because neighbors that have a strong incentive to work for stability provide critical hard-power backing to soft-power missions. Jenne tests her theory against two regional security regimes in Central and Eastern Europe: the interwar minorities regime under the League of Nations (German minorities in Central Europe, Hungarian minorities in the Carpathian Basin, and disputes over the Åland Islands, Memel, and Danzig), and the ad hoc security regime of the post–Cold War period (focusing on Russian-speaking minorities in the Baltic States and Albanian minorities in Montenegro, Macedonia, and northern Kosovo).
The Netocracts
by Alexander Bard Jan SöderqvistHistory is always written from the perspective of the ruling or rising elite at the time of writing. Concepts like The Stone Age, The Bronze Age, etc. were of course unknown during the stone age and the bronze age. They were invented in the 1800s to make sense of a development that seemed to reach its climax with industrialisation...
Network Aesthetics
by Patrick JagodaThe term "network" is now applied to everything from the Internet to terrorist-cell systems. But the word's ubiquity has also made it a cliché, a concept at once recognizable yet hard to explain. Network Aesthetics, in exploring how popular culture mediates our experience with interconnected life, reveals the network's role as a way for people to construct and manage their world--and their view of themselves. Each chapter considers how popular media and artistic forms make sense of decentralized network metaphors and infrastructures. Patrick Jagoda first examines narratives from the 1990s and 2000s, including the novel Underworld, the film Syriana, and the television series The Wire, all of which play with network forms to promote reflection on domestic crisis and imperial decline in contemporary America. Jagoda then looks at digital media that are interactive, nonlinear, and dependent on connected audiences to show how recent approaches, such as those in the videogame Journey, open up space for participatory and improvisational thought. Contributing to fields as diverse as literary criticism, digital studies, media theory, and American studies, Network Aesthetics brilliantly demonstrates that, in today's world, networks are something that can not only be known, but also felt, inhabited, and, crucially, transformed.
Network Democracy: Conservative Politics and the Violence of the Liberal Age
by Jared GiesbrechtNetwork Democracy uses the contemporary tools of ecology and network thinking to unearth the ancient, intellectual ruins of traditional conservative thought. Questioning the West’s veneration of freedom, equality, contractual citizenship, economic progress, cosmopolitanism, secular institutionalism, and reason, Jared Giesbrecht illuminates how these ideals fuel violence and insecurity in our high-speed lives. While the modern age witnesses the rise of a violent conservatism in the form of revolutionary movements enacting terror and vengeance for the interventions of the liberal West, this study reveals a different kind of conservatism - one that has emerged in direct conversation with liberal thought. Giesbrecht highlights the need for intermediate institutions and civil enterprises that form relations and traditions independent of the state in order to develop resistance to the insecurity of the liberal age. This book offers not only a poignant critique, but a constructive and peaceable alternative to the violence of both liberalism and reactionary anti-liberalism. Attuned to the new realities of globalization, advanced technology, and social acceleration, Network Democracy is a masterful hybrid of ancient and cutting-edge political philosophy that casts a new light on the values underlying western civilization.
Network Democracy: Conservative Politics and the Violence of the Liberal Age (McGill-Queen's Studies in the History of Ideas #107)
by Jared GiesbrechtNetwork Democracy uses the contemporary tools of ecology and network thinking to unearth the ancient, intellectual ruins of traditional conservative thought. Questioning the West’s veneration of freedom, equality, contractual citizenship, economic progress, cosmopolitanism, secular institutionalism, and reason, Jared Giesbrecht illuminates how these ideals fuel violence and insecurity in our high-speed lives. While the modern age witnesses the rise of a violent conservatism in the form of revolutionary movements enacting terror and vengeance for the interventions of the liberal West, this study reveals a different kind of conservatism - one that has emerged in direct conversation with liberal thought. Giesbrecht highlights the need for intermediate institutions and civil enterprises that form relations and traditions independent of the state in order to develop resistance to the insecurity of the liberal age. This book offers not only a poignant critique, but a constructive and peaceable alternative to the violence of both liberalism and reactionary anti-liberalism. Attuned to the new realities of globalization, advanced technology, and social acceleration, Network Democracy is a masterful hybrid of ancient and cutting-edge political philosophy that casts a new light on the values underlying western civilization.
The Network Self: Relation, Process, and Personal Identity (Routledge Studies in American Philosophy)
by Kathleen WallaceThe concept of a relational self has been prominent in feminism, communitarianism, narrative self theories, and social network theories, and has been important to theorizing about practical dimensions of selfhood. However, it has been largely ignored in traditional philosophical theories of personal identity, which have been dominated by psychological and animal theories of the self. This book offers a systematic treatment of the notion of the self as constituted by social, cultural, political, and biological relations. The author’s account incorporates practical concerns and addresses how a relational self has agency, autonomy, responsibility, and continuity through time in the face of change and impairments. This cumulative network model (CNM) of the self incorporates concepts from work in the American pragmatist and naturalist tradition. The ultimate aim of the book is to bridge traditions that are often disconnected from one another—feminism, personal identity theory, and pragmatism—to develop a unified theory of the self.
The Networked Citizen: Power, Politics, and Resistance in the Internet Age
by Giovanni NavarriaThis book investigates the changing meanings of power and politics in the Internet age and questions whether the political category of the citizen still has a meaningful role to play in the highly-mediated dynamics of an increasingly networked world. To answer such questions, the book analyses and compares the impact of the Internet on the relationship between state, citizens, and politics in three countries: the USA, Italy, and China. The book’s journey starts in the mid-90s and ends in 2016. It pays particular attention to Obama 2008 and Trump 2016 presidential campaigns, the ascendance to power in Italy of the anti-establishment Five Star Movement, and to the enduring Chinese government’s struggle to control the Internet public opinion. The book challenges the traditional understanding of power through which the strong typically prevails over the weak. This leads to a clearer understanding of the wider role citizens can play (and must play) in a networked political sphere, while it also warns the reader on the many risks citizens face in a post-truth world.The book challenges the traditional understanding of power through which the strong typically prevails over the weak. This leads to a clearer understanding of the wider role citizens can play (and must play) in a networked political sphere.
Networked Politics: Agency, Power, and Governance
by Miles KahlerThe concept of network has emerged as an intellectual centerpiece for our era. Network analysis also occupies a growing place in many of the social sciences. In international relations, however, network has too often remained a metaphor rather than a powerful theoretical perspective. In Networked Politics, a team of political scientists investigates networks in important sectors of international relations, including human rights, security agreements, terrorist and criminal groups, international inequality, and governance of the Internet. They treat networks as either structures that shape behavior or important collective actors. In their hands, familiar concepts, such as structure, power, and governance, are awarded new meaning. Contributors: Peter Cowhey, University of California, San Diego; Mette Eilstrup-Sangiovanni, University of Cambridge and Sidney Sussex College; Zachary Elkins, University of Texas at Austin; Emilie M. Hafner-Burton, Princeton University; Miles Kahler, University of California, San Diego; Michael Kenney, Pennsylvania State University; David A. Lake, University of California, San Diego; Alexander H. Montgomery, Reed College; Milton Mueller, Syracuse University School of Information Studies and Delft University of Technology; Kathryn Sikkink, University of Minnesota; Janice Gross Stein, University of Toronto; Wendy H. Wong, University of Toronto; Helen Yanacopulos, Open University
Networks and Geographies of Global Social Policy Diffusion: Culture, Economy, and Colonial Legacies (Global Dynamics of Social Policy)
by Michael Windzio Ivo Mossig Fabian Besche-Truthe Helen SeitzerThis open access book analyses the global diffusion of social policy as a process driven by multiplex ties between countries in global social networks. The contributions analyze links between countries via global trade, colonial history, similarity in culture, and spatial proximity. Networks are viewed as the structural backbone of the diffusion process, and diffusion is anlaysed via several subfields of social policy, in order to interrogate which network dimensions drive this process. The focus is on a global perspective of social policy diffusion via networks, and it is the first book to explicitly follow this macro-quantitative perspective on diffusion at a global scale whilst also comparing different networks. The collection tests the network structures in terms of their relevance to the diffusion process in different subfields of social policy such as old age and survivor pensions, labor and labor markets, health and long-term care, education and training, and family and gender policy.The book will therefore be invaluable to students and researchers of global social policy, sociology, political science, international relations, organization theory and economics.
Networks of Echoes
by Bruce J. West Malgorzata Turalska Paolo GrigoliniNetworks of Echoes: Imitation, Innovation and Invisible Leaders is a mathematically rigorous and data rich book on a fascinating area of the science and engineering of social webs. There are hundreds of complex network phenomena whose statistical properties are described by inverse power laws. The phenomena of interest are not arcane events that we encounter only fleetingly, but are events that dominate our lives. We examine how this intermittent statistical behavior intertwines itself with what appears to be the organized activity of social groups. The book is structured as answers to a sequence of questions such as: How are decisions reached in elections and boardrooms? How is the stability of a society undermined by zealots and committed minorities and how is that stability re-established? Can we learn to answer such questions about human behavior by studying the way flocks of birds retain their formation when eluding a predator? These questions and others are answered using a generic model of a complex dynamic network--one whose global behavior is determined by a symmetric interaction among individuals based on social imitation. The complexity of the network is manifest in time series resulting from self-organized critical dynamics that have divergent first and second moments, are non-stationary, non-ergodic and non-Poisson. How phase transitions in the network dynamics influence such activity as decision making is a fascinating story and provides a context for introducing many of the mathematical ideas necessary for understanding complex networks in general. The decision making model (DMM) is selected to emphasize that there are features of complex webs that supersede specific mechanisms and need to be understood from a general perspective. This insightful overview of recent tools and their uses may serve as an introduction and curriculum guide in related courses.
Networks of Trust: The Social Costs of College and What We Can Do about Them
by Anthony Simon LadenAn eye-opening look at how parents’ mistrust of colleges has less to do with what their kids are learning than with whom they come to trust. Higher education is a familiar battlefield in today’s culture wars. The right accuses colleges and universities of indoctrinating conservative students with liberal values; the left, with failing to be sufficiently inclusive. The anxieties expressed on both sides of the political spectrum have much in common, however, and they are triggered not by colleges’ failures but by their successes. So argues philosopher Anthony Simon Laden in Networks of Trust. He highlights how a college education shapes students’ informational trust networks: the complex set of people and institutions they rely on for the information they use to think about and understand the world. While the networks that colleges build for students have great value, learning to inhabit them pulls some students away from their families and communities. If many people distrust institutions of higher education, this is one reason why. Networks of Trust offers a path forward, one that preserves the value while reducing the harms of a college education. It includes concrete suggestions for how colleges and universities can educate students in a manner that inspires and deserves trust: one that bridges rather than deepens our social divides.
Neue Technologien – neue Kindheiten?: Ethische und bildungsphilosophische Perspektiven (Techno:Phil – Aktuelle Herausforderungen der Technikphilosophie #3)
by Marc Fabian Buck Johannes Drerup Gottfried SchweigerZu den wichtigen sozialen Einflussgrößen, die nicht nur die Konstruktion, sondern auch die Realität und Praxis institutionalisierter Kindheit(en) mitbestimmen, gehören, so der Ausgangspunkt und der Gegenstand dieses Bandes, technologische Entwicklungen und die Anwendung und Nutzung von Techniken in der Kindheit für und durch Kinder. Technische Arrangements und Praktiken sind während der Kindheit omnipräsent. In diesem Band werden systematische ethische und erziehungs-, bildungs- und kindheitsphilosophische Fragen diskutiert, die sich im Umgang mit neuen Technologien und Techniken stellen. Hierzu zählen z.B. Fragen der folgenden Art: Wie sind (Neben-)Folgen der Einführung von AI-Systemen in Unterricht und Schule zu verstehen und zu bewerten? Dürfen Eltern die Fotos ihrer Kinder auf Facebook teilen? Welche Möglichkeiten und Fallstricke bietet die Nutzung von Robotern in pädagogischen Kontexten? Welche Rolle spielen neue Technologien bei der Gestaltung des Generationenverhältnisses und für technisch vermittelte und realisierte „Regime der Kindheit“?
Neue Wege im mathematischen Unterricht: Auf den Spuren Mathilde Vaertings (Paderborner Beiträge zur Didaktik der Mathematik)
by Gerda WerthMathilde Vaerting (1884 – 1977) möchte den Mathematikunterricht ihrer Zeit radikal verändern und mit ihrer Methode der „Selbständigkeitsprobe“ einen Weg aufzeigen, Schüler*innen durch geeignete kognitive Anregung zu eigenständigem Denken zu motivieren. Ihre „Neue[n] Wege im mathematischen Unterricht“ aus 1921 schließen dabei explizit Mädchen ein, obwohl diesen, nachdem sie seit 1908 endlich auch Mathematik an Schulen lernen durften, die Begabung für dieses Fach vielfach abgesprochen wurde. Das Buch arbeitet ihre didaktischen Konzepte sowie die schulischen und curricularen Rahmenbedingungen auf, auch in Bezug auf die Lehrerinnenbildung der damaligen Zeit.
Neue Welten - Star Trek als humanistische Utopie?
by Michael C. BauerAm 8. September 1966 schrieb die NBC Fernsehgeschichte: An diesem Tag strahlte der US-amerikanische Fernsehsender die erste Folge einer neuen Science-Fiction-Serie aus, mit einer Geschichte über eine außerirdische Lebensform, die Salz zum Überleben braucht und aus Verzweiflung mehrere Mannschaftsmitglieder des Raumschiffes Enterprise ermordet. So recht ahnte bei NBC wohl niemand, dass in diesen 50 Minuten der Grundstein für ein ungeheuer erfolgreiches Science-Fiction-Franchise gelegt wurde: Star Trek. Allein der 50. Geburtstag von Star Trek wäre schon Grund genug gewesen, der Serie eine wissenschaftliche Tagung zu widmen. Noch dazu kommt: Ihrem Erfinder Gene Roddenberry wird nachgesagt, „seine“ Serie nach seinen eigenen humanistischen Überzeugungen geformt, im Star Trek-Universum mithin eine humanistische Utopie verwirklicht zu haben. Aber stimmt das? Ist die Zukunftsvision von Star Trek eine, in der alle humanistischen Ideale erfüllt sind? Eine Welt, in der friedliche Kooperation und die freie Entfaltung aller Individuen die (oft genug auch mörderische) Konkurrenz hinter sich gelassen haben? Diesen und vielen weiteren spannenden Fragen rund um Star Trek gingen die Gäste einer hochkarätigen, interdisziplinären Tagung vom 15. bis 17. April 2016 in Nürnberg nach. Eingeladen hatte der Humanistische Verband Bayern. Der vorliegende Band dokumentiert die Beiträge.
Neuorientierung des Widerstands in Hongkong: Linkssein, Dekolonialität und Internationalismus
by Wen Liu Jn Chien Christina Chung Ellie TseDieses Buch versammelt Beiträge von Aktivisten und Wissenschaftlern, die sich mit linken und dekolonialen Formen des Widerstands befassen, die in der aktuellen Ära der Proteste in Hongkong entstanden sind. Praktiken wie gewerkschaftliches Engagement, die Abschaffung der Polizei, der Kampf um Landrechte und andere radikale Ausdrucksformen der Selbstverwaltung werden vielleicht nicht explizit unter den Bannern der Linken und der Dekolonialität geführt. Wenn man sie jedoch in diesem Rahmen untersucht, lassen sich historische, transnationale und präfigurative Perspektiven aufzeigen, die helfen können, ihre Auswirkungen auf die politische Zukunft Hongkongs zu kontextualisieren und zu interpretieren. Diese Sammlung bietet nicht nur Einblicke in die lokalen Kämpfe in Hongkong, sondern auch in ihre Verflechtung mit globalen Bewegungen, da die Stadt weiterhin an der vordersten Front der internationalen Politik steht.
The Neural Basis of Free Will: Criterial Causation
by Peter Ulric TseA neuroscientific perspective on the mind–body problem that focuses on how the brain actually accomplishes mental causation. The issues of mental causation, consciousness, and free will have vexed philosophers since Plato. In this book, Peter Tse examines these unresolved issues from a neuroscientific perspective. In contrast with philosophers who use logic rather than data to argue whether mental causation or consciousness can exist given unproven first assumptions, Tse proposes that we instead listen to what neurons have to say. Tse draws on exciting recent neuroscientific data concerning how informational causation is realized in physical causation at the level of NMDA receptors, synapses, dendrites, neurons, and neuronal circuits. He argues that a particular kind of strong free will and “downward” mental causation are realized in rapid synaptic plasticity. Such informational causation cannot change the physical basis of information realized in the present, but it can change the physical basis of information that may be realized in the immediate future. This gets around the standard argument against free will centered on the impossibility of self-causation. Tse explores the ways that mental causation and qualia might be realized in this kind of neuronal and associated information-processing architecture, and considers the psychological and philosophical implications of having such an architecture realized in our brains.
The Neural Basis of Free Will
by Peter Ulric TseThe issues of mental causation, consciousness, and free will have vexed philosophers since Plato. In this book, Peter Tse examines these unresolved issues from a neuroscientific perspective. In contrast with philosophers who use logic rather than data to argue whether mental causation or consciousness can exist given unproven first assumptions, Tse proposes that we instead listen to what neurons have to say. Because the brain must already embody a solution to the mind--body problem, why not focus on how the brain actually realizes mental causation? Tse draws on exciting recent neuroscientific data concerning how informational causation is realized in physical causation at the level of NMDA receptors, synapses, dendrites, neurons, and neuronal circuits. He argues that a particular kind of strong free will and "downward" mental causation are realized in rapid synaptic plasticity. Recent neurophysiological breakthroughs reveal that neurons function as criterial assessors of their inputs, which then change the criteria that will make other neurons fire in the future. Such informational causation cannot change the physical basis of information realized in the present, but it can change the physical basis of information that may be realized in the immediate future. This gets around the standard argument against free will centered on the impossibility of self-causation. Tse explores the ways that mental causation and qualia might be realized in this kind of neuronal and associated information-processing architecture, and considers the psychological and philosophical implications of having such an architecture realized in our brains.
Neural Geographies: Feminism and the Microstructure of Cognition
by Elizabeth A. WilsonFirst published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Neural Machines: A Defense of Non-Representationalism in Cognitive Neuroscience (Studies in Brain and Mind #22)
by Matej KohárIn this book, Matej Kohar demonstrates how the new mechanistic account of explanation can be used to support a non-representationalist view of explanations in cognitive neuroscience, and therefore can bring new conceptual tools to the non-representationalist arsenal. Kohar focuses on the explanatory relevance of representational content in constitutive mechanistic explanations typical in cognitive neuroscience. The work significantly contributes to two areas of literature: 1) the debate between representationalism and non-representationalism, and 2) the literature on mechanistic explanation.Kohar begins with an introduction to the mechanistic theory of explanation, focusing on the analysis of mechanistic constitution as the basis of explanatory relevance in constitutive mechanistic explanation. He argues that any viable analysis of representational contents implies that content is not constitutively relevant to cognitive phenomena. The author also addresses objections against his argument and concludes with an examination of the consequences of his account for both traditional cognitive neuroscience and non-representationalist alternatives. This book is of interest to readers in philosophy of mind, cognitive science and neuroscience.
Neural Mechanisms: New Challenges in the Philosophy of Neuroscience (Studies in Brain and Mind #17)
by Fabrizio Calzavarini Marco ViolaThis volume brings together new papers advancing contemporary debates in foundational, conceptual, and methodological issues in cognitive neuroscience. The different perspectives presented in each chapter have previously been discussed between the authors, as the volume builds on the experience of Neural Mechanisms (NM) Online – webinar series on the philosophy of neuroscience organized by the editors of this volume. The contributed chapters pertain to five core areas in current philosophy of neuroscience. It surveys the novel forms of explanation (and prediction) developed in cognitive neuroscience, and looks at new concepts, methods and techniques used in the field. The book also highlights the metaphysical challenges raised by recent neuroscience and demonstrates the relation between neuroscience and mechanistic philosophy. Finally, the book dives into the issue of neural computations and representations. Assembling contributions from leading philosophers of neuroscience, this work draws upon the expertise of both established scholars and promising early career researchers.
Neurath Reconsidered: New Sources And Perspectives (Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science #336)
by Jordi Cat Adam Tamas TubolyThis highly readable book is a collection of critical papers on Otto Neurath (1882-1945). It comprehensively re-examines Neurath’s scientific, philosophical and educational contributions from a range of standpoints including historical, sociological and problem-oriented perspectives. Leading Neurath scholars disentangle and connect Neurath’s works, ideas and ideals and evaluate them both in their original socio-historical context and in contemporary philosophical debates. Readers will discover a new critical understanding. <p><p> Drawing on archive materials, essays discuss not only Neurath’s better-known works from lesser-known perspectives, but also his lesser-known works from the better-known perspective of their place in his overall philosophical oeuvre. Reflecting the full range of Neurath's work, this volume has a broad appeal. Besides scholars and researchers interested in Neurath, Carnap, the Vienna Circle, work on logical empiricism and the history and philosophy of science, this book will also appeal to graduate students in philosophy, sociology, history and education. Readers will find Neurath’s thoughts described and evaluated in an accessible manner, making it a good read for those beyond the academic world such as social leaders and activists. <p> The book includes the edited 1940-45 Neurath-Carnap correspondence and the English translation of Neurath's logic papers.
The Neuro-Image: A Deleuzian Film-Philosophy of Digital Screen Culture
by Patricia PistersArguing that today's viewers move through a character's brain instead of looking through his or her eyes or mental landscape, this book approaches twenty-first-century globalized cinema through the concept of the "neuro-image." Pisters explains why this concept has emerged now, and she elaborates its threefold nature through research from three domains—Deleuzian (schizoanalytic) philosophy, digital networked screen culture, and neuroscientific research. These domains return in the book's tripartite structure. Part One, on the brain as "neuroscreen," suggests rich connections between film theory, mental illness, and cognitive neuroscience. Part Two explores neuro-images from a philosophical perspective, paying close attention to their ontological, epistemological, and aesthetic dimensions. Political and ethical aspects of the neuro-image are discussed in Part Three. Topics covered along the way include the omnipresence of surveillance, the blurring of the false and the real and the affective powers of the neo-baroque, and the use of neuro-images in politics, historical memory, and war.
Neuro-ProsthEthics: Ethical Implications of Applied Situated Cognition (Techno:Phil – Aktuelle Herausforderungen der Technikphilosophie #9)
by Jan-Hendrik Heinrichs Birgit Beck Orsolya FriedrichThe volume focusses on the ethical dimensions of the technological scaffold embedding human thought and action, which has been brought to attention of the cognitive sciences by situated cognition theories. There is a broad spectrum of technologies co-realising or enabling and enhancing human cognition and action, which vary in the degree of bodily integration, interactivity, adaptation processes, of reliance and indispensability etc. This technological scaffold of human cognition and action evolves rapidly. Some changes are continuous, some are eruptive. Technologies that use machine learning e.g. could represent a qualitative leap in the technological scaffolding of human cognition and actions. The ethical consequences of applying situated cognition theories to practical cases had yet to find adequate attention and are elucidated in this volume.