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Portraits of Violence: An Illustrated History of Radical Critique
by Brad Evans Carl Thompson Chris Mackenzie Mike Medaglia Robert Brown Sean Michael WilsonBringing together established academics and award-winning comic book writers and illustrators, Portraits of Violence illustrates the most compelling ideas and episodes in the critique of violence. Hannah Arendt, Franz Fanon, Jacques Derrida, Edward Said, Paolo Freire, Michel Foucault, Susan Sontag, Noam Chomsky, Judith Butler, and Giorgio Agamben each have ten pages to tell their story in this innovative graphic title.
Portraiture and Critical Reflections on Being (Routledge Advances in Art and Visual Studies)
by Euripides AltintzoglouThis book analyzes the philosophical origins of dualism in portraiture in Western culture during the Classical period, through to contemporary modes of portraiture. Dualism – the separation of mind from body - plays a central part in portraiture, given that it supplies the fundamental framework for portraiture’s determining problem and justification: the visual construction of the subjectivity of the sitter, which is invariably accounted for as ineffable entity or spirit, that the artist magically captures. Every artist that has engaged with portraiture has had to deal with these issues and, therefore, with the question of being and identity.
Portuguese Colonial Military in India: Apparition of Control, 1750--1850
by Teddy Y.H. SimThis book explores and analyzes developments in the military institution, military engagements as well as the larger security environment of (including non-war violence and maritime regions linking to) the Portuguese Empire in India. These developments occurred under the onslaught of the early modern globalization. The research shows that far from being dilapidated or archaic, the Portuguese colonial military there kept up with some developments in technology and organization in a competitive environment. Although the colonial military was not the most important reason in accounting for the survival of the Portuguese Estado da Índia, nor was the military profession the most lucrative occupation, the Portuguese experience gave indication of how a colonial state and society was able to survive against coalescing threats from the position of weakness. Located in the period and geographical region of the wax and waning of the Mughal and Maratha empires, Portuguese India was not necessarily a more violent place than the surrounding territories although resistance to and uprising against the Portuguese was usually underestimated. Beginning from the attempt at political and military centralization (and standardization) in the eighteenth century, the abolition of the army of the Estado da Índia in the nineteenth marked nominally the end of an era that may have a reverberation on the pacifist perception of Goa today.
Portuguese Philosophy of Technology: Legacies and contemporary work from the Portuguese-Speaking Community (Philosophy of Engineering and Technology #43)
by Helena Mateus JerónimoThis volume is a collection of essays of a philosophical nature on the subject of technology, introducing authors from the Portuguese-speaking community, namely from Portugal itself, Africa and Brazil. Their contributions detail a unique perspective on technology, placing this important topic within the historical, ideological and social contexts of their countries, all of which share a common language. The shared history of these countries and the cultural and economic specificities of each one have stimulated singular insights into these thinkers’ reflections.The essays are thematically diverse. Among the topics covered are technogenic knowledge, visions of technology, risks and uncertainties, mediatization, digitalization, and datafication, engineering practice and ethics, alternative technoscientific strategies, ontotechnologies of the body, virtual and archive. The contributions also explore other themes that are more closely related to the semi-peripheral world, such as technological dependence and the incorporation of Western technology into the social structure of ancestral communities.This book appeals to students and researchers and provides a voice to authors whose work are not usually available in English-language publications. It serves as an ideal guide for all those who seek rigorous and geographically widespread knowledge regarding thinking on technology in several Portuguese-speaking countries.
Positioning Theory in Applied Linguistics: Research Design and Applications
by Hayriye Kayı-AydarThis book is about Positioning Theory (Davies & Harré, 1990) and its potential applications in bilingual and multilingual contexts involving teachers, learners, speakers, and users of a second/foreign or additional language. By using Positioning Theory as a theoretical lens and analytical approach, the author illustrates how various social and poststructural concepts in applied linguistics and language teacher education, including identity, agency, language socialization, classroom participation, and intercultural communication, can be investigated and better understood. The book adds a new perspective to the growing body of multidisciplinary literature in the areas of L2 teacher education and classroom learning, and includes step-by-step guidelines for positioning analysis, insights and implications for classroom practice, as well as suggested directions for future research. It will be of particular interest to language teachers and teacher educators, as well as students and scholars of applied linguistics more broadly.
Positive Ethics in Economics: Volume 14, Praxiology: The International Annual of Practical Philosophy and Methodology (Praxiology Ser. #Vol. 14)
by Jérôme Ballet Damien BazinEconomics is often accused of being "a-ethical" - lacking a moral perspective - if not altogether immoral. Its detractors criticize economic models of pure and perfect competition, and claim that economics should be concerned with social effects and strive to be equitable. Yet, these critics fail to understand that the discipline has many dimensions. Economics has also developed a group of concerns directly related to ethics. The presence of practical ethics is evident in the economic analysis of behaviour that incorporates ethical preference, altruism, and a responsible calculation based on norms. It is fair today that economics differentiates ethics from purely financial matters, and the discipline can be associated with morality in man's daily life. Volume 14 of the distinguished "Praxiology" series, examine the concept of positive ethics in economics. While normative ethics moralizes economics, trying to render it more "just," positive ethics is first and foremost a model for the construction of theoretical economic reasoning: it reflects on ethical practices within economics, and introduces a model of reasoning that takes individual ethical behaviour and its after-effects into account. The book is divided into three parts. In "Altruism," the contributors discuss the notion of unselfish concern for the welfare of others, and its place in economic practice. In "Commitment," the authors discuss reason as being central to economic theory, as well as the position of ethical behaviour. In "Responsibility," the idea that man is not an island unto himself, but a being involved in a set of relationships, is examined. If a person is simultaneously responsible for himself and others, then how far does his responsibility extend? "Essays on Positive Ethics in Economics" is thought-provoking volume that will be of interest to economists, policymakers, philosophers, and students of ethics and morality.
Positive Freedom: Past, Present, and Future
by John ChristmanFreedom is widely regarded as a basic social and political value that is deeply connected to the ideals of democracy, equality, liberation, and social recognition. Many insist that freedom must include conditions that go beyond simple “negative” liberty understood as the absence of constraints; only if freedom includes other conditions such as the capability to act, mental and physical control of oneself, and social recognition by others will it deserve its place in the pantheon of basic social values. Positive Freedom is the first volume to examine the idea of positive liberty in detail and from multiple perspectives. With contributions from leading scholars in ethics and political theory, this collection includes both historical studies of the idea of positive freedom and discussions of its connection to important contemporary issues in social and political philosophy.
Positive Freedom and the Law: Dignity, Respect, and Expression
by Kim Treiger-Bar-AmThis book explains why we should stop thinking of freedom as limited to a right to be left alone. It explores how Kantian philosophy and Jewish thought instead give rise to a concept of positive freedom. At heart, freedom is inextricably linked to the obligation to respect the autonomy and dignity of others. Freedom thus requires relationships with others and provides an important source of meaning in liberal democratic societies. While individualism is said to foster detachment, positive freedom fosters relations. Moving from moral theory to law, duties are seen as intrinsic to rights. The book considers test cases involving the law of expression, regarding authorial rights and women's prayer at Jerusalem's holy site of the Western Wall. Affirmative duties of respect are essential. Rights held by copyright owners require that all authors – including so-called users – are shown respect. Moreover, rights held by the authorities at the Western Wall require that all worshippers – including those whose interpretation of Jewish law differs from that adopted by the authorities – are respected.
Positive Political Theory I: Collective Preference
by Austen-Smith David Banks Jeffrey S.Positive Political Theory Iis concerned with the formal theory of preference aggregation for collective choice. The theory is developed as generally as possible, covering classes of aggregation methods that include such well-known examples as majority and unanimity rule and focusing in particular on the extent to which any aggregation method is assured to yield a set of "best" alternatives. The book is intended both as a contribution to the theory of collective choice and a pedagogic tool. Austen-Smith and Banks have made the exposition both rigorous and accessible to people with some technical background (e. g. , a course in multivariate calculus). The intended readership ranges from more technically-oriented graduate students and specialists to those students in economics and political science interested less in the technical aspects of the results than in the depth, scope, and importance of the theoretical advances in positive political theory. "This is a stunning book. Austen-Smith and Banks have a deep understanding of the material, and their text gives a powerfully unified and coherent perspective on a vast literature. The exposition is clear-eyed and efficient but never humdrum. Even those familiar with the subject will find trenchant remarks and fresh insights every few pages. Anyone with an interest in contemporary liberal democratic theory will want this book on the shelf. " --Christopher Achen, University of Michigan David Austen-Smith is Professor of Political Science, Professor of Economics, and Professor of Management and Strategy, Northwestern University. Jeffrey S. Banks is Professor of Political Science, California Institute of Technology.
Positive Psychology Perspectives on Foreign Language Learning and Teaching
by Danuta Gabryś-Barker Dagmara GałajdaThis book introduces readers to the principles of a fairlynew branch of psychology - positive psychology - and demonstrates how they canbe applied in the context of second language acquisition in a naturalenvironment and in instructed foreign language (FL) learning. It focuses bothon the well-being and success of the learner and the professional and personalwell-being of the teacher. Further, the book stresses the importance of thepositive emotions and character strengths of those involved in the process oflanguage learning and teaching, as well as the significant role played byenabling institutions such as school and, at the micro-level, individual FLclasses.
Positivist and Political-Economic Theories of International Relations: Liberal-Pluralist and Radical Dimensions
by Amartya MukhopadhyayThis book provides an introduction to positivist-pluralist theories of international relations (IR) which emerged during the early-and mid-1950’s along with Marxist political economic and non-Marxist economic theories of IR. Positivist and Political-Economic Theories of International Relations is an in-depth critical study of texts and literature which highlight IR’s methodological pluralism even after it gained maturity. It examines how pluralist political status quo and radical economic criticism coexist in discrete areas of the discipline. Insights are provided into key positivist liberal-pluralist theories, namely decision-making approaches, and theories of integration, regionalism, interdependence, and regime. It discusses the four political economic and critical theories of Marxism, dependency, world systems, and international political economy. The book, as an advanced supplementary reader, will be of great interest to researchers and students of international relations, history, law, and the multidisciplinary social scientific field of political economy.
La posmoralidad: Reflexiones éticas para la esperanza
by Miguel WiñazkiMiguel Wiñazki recorre valientemente los temas más difíciles que enfrenta la sociedad argentina. Desde por qué legitimamos el escrache o un corte de calle hasta por qué triunfan líderes fascistas y cómo fue que el barrabravismo sustituyó la política. El nuevo libro de Miguel Wiñazki es una invitación a salir de la vorágine y pensar algunos de los dilemas éticos que afectan más profundamente a la sociedad argentina. ¿Cuál es el origen simbólico del escrache? ¿De dónde proviene la idea de que cortar una calle es legítimo? ¿Cómo se construyen la adhesión y la congregación por parte de líderes fascistas y populistas? ¿Qué hay detrás de la devoción a un psicópata? ¿Cómo se diseña la arquitectura del fanatismo, de una tribuna cautiva? ¿De qué manera el barrabravismo sustituyó a la política? ¿Por qué permitimos la distorsión de la verdad? ¿Cómo puede ser que hombres y mujeres que representan la lucha por los derechos humanos en nuestro país defiendan gobiernos autoritarios -como el de Maduro en Venezuela- o justifiquen ataques terroristas? ¿Por qué nos cuesta tanto hablar con la verdad acerca del número de desaparecidos que dejó la dictadura militar? Reina la posmoralidad, la indiferencia en torno a la ética. Sin embargo, no todo es oscuridad. La censura ha muerto: la multiplicidad de redes sociales barrió con cualquier obstrucción informativa. Pero también muchas personas son capaces de morir por una selfie. En tiempos como estos, Wiñazki promueve una ética para la esperanza a través de inspiradoras y breves reflexiones. Porque, como dice en este libro, podemos tener en nosotros mismos todos los sueños del mundo.
La posnormalidad: Filosofía y esperanzas del fin del mundo
by Miguel WiñazkiMiguel Wiñazki recobra temas fundamentales explorados por filósofos, escritores y artistas y los pone bajo la óptica de nuestra nueva vida cotidiana: la soledad, el encierro creativo, la locura, la angustia existencial, la libertad, el amor, la amistad y la esperanza, entre otros. "Una marea atravesó nuestra vida -dice el autor- pero no apagó nuestros deseos de pensar: los refundó. Frente al paisaje de la enfermedad y de la muerte, todos filosofamos. Retroviral, la filosofía ha resucitado de sus cenizas portando el farol de Diógenes, encendido necesariamente porque así lo requiere la oscuridad." Miguel Wiñazki recobra en este libro temas fundamentales explorados por filósofos, escritores y artistas y los pone bajo la óptica de este raro presente: la soledad, el encierro creativo, la angustia existencial, la libertad, el amor y la esperanza, entre otros. De Sócrates a Fellini, de Boccaccio a Ana Frank, del anticristo al efecto mariposa, de la amistad en Aristóteles a la amistad en Borges, La posnormalidad nos sumerge en aguas profundas, con lucidez y un discreto optimismo, para desentrañar el mensaje secreto que encubre nuestra nueva vida cotidiana. "Lo extraordinario de la profundidad es que es insondable porque es puro abismo. Pero quien se abisma se eleva."
Possibility (International Library of Philosophy)
by Scott BuchananFirst published in 2000. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The Possibility of a World: Conversations with Pierre-Philippe Jandin
by Jean-Luc Nancy Pierre-Philippe JandinIn this series of interviews, Jean-Luc Nancy reviews his life’s work. But like Schlegel’s historian—“a prophet facing backwards”—Nancy takes this opportunity to rummage through the history of art, philosophy, religion, and politics in search of new possibilities that remain to be thought.This journey through Nancy’s thought is interspersed with accounts of places and events and deeply personal details. The result is at once unpretentious and encyclopedic: Concepts are described with remarkable nuance and specificity, but in a language that comes close to that of everyday life.As Nancy surveys his work, he thinks anew about democracy, community, jouissance, love, Christianity, and the arts. In the end, this is a book about the possibility of a world—a world that must be greeted because it is, as Nancy says, already here.
The Possibility of Altruism
by Thomas NagelJust as there are rational requirements on thought, there are rational requirements on action. This book defends a conception of ethics, and a related conception of human nature, according to which altruism is included among the basic rational requirements on desire and action.
The Possibility of Christian Philosophy: Maurice Blondel at the Intersection of Theology and Philosophy (Routledge Radical Orthodoxy #Vol. 2)
by Adam C. EnglishThis is the first to book to explore Blondel's entire body of work and provides an introduction to his life and writings and their relevance to the debates surrounding the radical orthodoxy identity. Detailing Blondel's impressive research output during the first half of the twentieth century, this volume highlights his relevance to philosophy and religion today and his commitment that philosophy cannot be separated from a theological narrative. This highly original work will be of great interest to scholars of philosophy and religion, particularly the students of the radical orthodoxy movement.
The Possibility of Culture: Pleasure and Moral Development in Kant's Aesthetics (New Directions in Aesthetics)
by Bradley MurrayThe Possibility of Culture: Pleasure and Moral Development in Kant’s Aesthetics presents an in-depth exploration and deconstruction of Kant’s depiction of the ways in which aesthetic pursuits can promote personal moral development. Presents an in-depth exploration of the connection between Kant’s aesthetics and his views on moral development Reveals the links between Kant’s aesthetics and his anthropology and moral psychology Explores Kant’s notion of genius and his views on the connections between the social aspects of taste and moral development Addresses aspects of Kant’s ethical theory that will interest scholars working in ethics and moral psychology
The Possibility of Discussion: Relativism, Truth and Criticism of Religious Beliefs (Ashgate New Critical Thinking In Philosophy Ser.)
by Hugo StrandbergAnswering the question 'How is fruitful discussion possible?', this book addresses the central philosophical issue of how reason shall be understood and how it is limited. This study argues that the understanding of discussion according to which it necessarily starts from putative universal norms and rules for argumentation is problematic, among other reasons since such rules are unfruitful in contexts where there are vast disagreements such as religion. Inspired by Wittgensteinian ideas, Strandberg develops instead a new way of understanding discussion, truth and rationality which escapes these problems, and shows how this solution can be used to answer the accusation against Wittgensteinian philosophy for being conservative and resulting in fideism.
Possibility of Interreligious Dialogue (Interreligious Studies in Theory and Practice)
by Michael H. MitiasIs dialogue between the major religions of the world possible? If it is possible, under what conditions? In this book, Michael H. Mitias argues that it is possible provided various conditions are met. These conditions include mutual respect, mutual understanding, and God-centeredness. First, how can a religion that is unusually complex—composed of a doctrine founded in a unique divine revelation, a leadership class of theologians, teachers, clergy, and administrators, and a community across global cultures—show uniform respect to another religion? How can a complex institution like a religion truly understand another religion? Third, can the different religions worship the same God if their conceptions of God are based on their unique doctrines? Mitias addresses these questions and argues that it is possible for religions to respect and understand one another. Further, he argues that the different conceptions of God are necessarily founded in a belief in the existence of a transcendent, infinite, and wise being.
The Possibility of Life: Science, Imagination, and Our Quest for Kinship in the Cosmos
by Jaime Green*An NPR Science Friday Book Club Pick**A "Next Big Idea Book Club" Must Read**A Gizmodo New Release Pick for April**A BookRiot Science Book to Add to Your TBR**A Wired Book to Read for Spring*"A dazzling feat of imagination and synthesis."—Ed Yong, Pulitzer Prize winner and author of An Immense WorldA spellbinding exploration of alien life and the cosmos, examining how the possibility of life on other planets shapes our understanding of humanityOne of the most powerful questions humans ask about the cosmos is: Are we alone? While the science behind this inquiry is fascinating, it doesn&’t exist in a vacuum. It is a reflection of our values, our fears, and most importantly, our enduring sense of hope. In The Possibility of Life, acclaimed science journalist Jaime Green traces the history of our understanding, from the days of Galileo and Copernicus to our contemporary quest for exoplanets. Along the way, she interweaves insights from science fiction writers who construct worlds that in turn inspire scientists. Incorporating expert interviews, cutting-edge astronomy research, philosophical inquiry, and pop culture touchstones ranging from A Wrinkle in Time to Star Trek to Arrival, The Possibility of Life explores our evolving conception of the cosmos to ask an even deeper question: What does it mean to be human?
The Possibility of Naturalism: A philosophical critique of the contemporary human sciences (Critical Realism Ser.)
by Roy BhaskarSince its original publication in 1979, The Possibility of Naturalism has been one of the most influential works in contemporary philosophy of science and social science. It is one of the cornerstones of the critical realist position, which is now widely seen as offering perhaps the only viable alternative to positivism and post positivism. This fourth edition contains a new foreword from Mervyn Hartwig, who is founding editor of the Journal of Critical Realism and editor and principal author of the Dictionary of Critical Realism.
The Possibility of Relative Truth: An Examination of the Possibility of Truth Relativism Within Coherence and Correspondence Host Theories of Truth (Routledge Revivals)
by Peter Davson-GalleFirst published in 1998, this book is an investigation of the possibility of articulating a coherent thesis of truth relativism within first, a host correspondence theory of truth and second, a host coherence theory of truth. The type of relativism addressed in the book is what is sometimes called ’framework relativism’ - that where truth is relativised to a framework of belief or conceptual scheme. A further restraint is that a global relativistic thesis is sought - one which is relativistic about all truths. The book does not set itself the task of defending relativism but just that of seeking a coherent articulation of it.
The Possible and the Actual: Readings in the Metaphysics of Modality
by Michael J. LouxThis well-chosen collection of fifteen important essays in the fields of philosophical logic and metaphysics addresses questions relating to the nature and status of possible worlds.
Possible Knowledge: The Literary Forms of Early Modern Science
by Debapriya SarkarThe Renaissance, scholars have long argued, was a period beset by the loss of philosophical certainty. In Possible Knowledge, Debapriya Sarkar argues for the pivotal role of literature—what early moderns termed poesie—in the dynamic intellectual culture of this era of profound incertitude. Revealing how problems of epistemology are inextricable from questions of literary form, Sarkar offers a defense of poiesis, or literary making, as a vital philosophical endeavor.Working across a range of genres, Sarkar theorizes “possible knowledge” as an intellectual paradigm crafted in and through literary form. Sixteenth- and seventeenth-century writers such as Spenser, Bacon, Shakespeare, Cavendish, and Milton marshalled the capacious concept of the “possible,” defined by Philip Sidney as what “may be and should be,” to construct new theories of physical and metaphysical reality. These early modern thinkers mobilized the imaginative habits of thought constitutive to major genres of literary writing—including epic, tragedy, romance, lyric, and utopia—in order to produce knowledge divorced from historical truth and empirical fact by envisioning states of being untethered from “nature” or reality.Approaching imaginative modes such as hypothesis, conjecture, prediction, and counterfactuals as instruments of possible knowledge, Sarkar exposes how the speculative allure of the “possible” lurks within scientific experiment, induction, and theories of probability. In showing how early modern literary writing sought to grapple with the challenge of forging knowledge in an uncertain, perhaps even incomprehensible world, Possible Knowledge also highlights its most audacious intellectual ambition: its claim that while natural philosophy, or what we today term science, might explain the physical world, literature could remake reality. Enacting a history of ideas that centers literary studies, Possible Knowledge suggests that what we have termed a history of science might ultimately be a history of the imagination.