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The Constitution of Science
by C. MantzavinosHow can science be protected, by whom and at what level? If science is valued positively as the incubator of the most successful solutions to representational problems of reality as well as the basis of the most effective interventions in the natural and social world, then its constitutional foundations must be protected. This book develops a specific normative outlook on science by introducing the idea of a 'Constitution of Science'. Scientific activities are special kinds of epistemic problem-solving activities unfolding in an institutional context. The scientific enterprise is a social process unfolding within an intricate institutional framework that structures the daily activities of scientists and shapes their outcomes. Those institutions of science which are of the highest generality make up the 'Constitution of Science' and are of fundamental importance for channelling the scientific process effectively.
The Constitution of Western Australia: An Exploration
by Sarah Murray Alan FennaThis book provides the first comprehensive introduction to, and enquiry into, the rules of Western Australia’s (WA) system of government. The WA Constitution is not well known or understood ― or even easy to identify ― and this book provides an essential guide. It brings academic expertise and careful scholarship to the exploration of sometimes complex constitutional issues in a way that will be invaluable for those with specialist interest in constitutional law and government while also being engaging and accessible for a wider audience. In doing so, it combines authorial expertise from constitutional law and political science — something essential to a well-rounded understanding of the simultaneously legal and political nature of a Constitution.
The Constitution of the United States Revised and Updated
by Michael H. DeArmeyAt this moment of extreme political polarization in the U.S. which has the potential to threaten the very foundations of the state, Professor Michael DeArmey proposes a revised and updated Constitution. This enriched, reborn Constitution retains much of the current Constitution but also seeks to meliorate and indeed resolve entirely many of the seemingly intractable problems in American democracy. The rights of American citizens are revisited and expanded, and for the first time a wholly new Bill of Goods sets out government’s role in assisting in the necessities for life. Also new is a Bill of Citizen Duties and Responsibilities. The book contains a careful defense of the proposed changes, including individual chapters focusing on the most controversial topics. Other chapters explore why a constitution is needed and survey the Federalist papers on Constitutional structure. The book also examines the writings of Aristotle, John Adams’ Defence, and the correspondence of Madison and Jefferson.
The Constitution of the United States and Other Patriotic Documents
by Gregg JarrettA collection of some of the most important documents and speeches that have shaped America, with commentary and insights from Fox News star and author of the #1 New York Times bestseller The Russia Hoax, Gregg Jarrett.In this volume, the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence are brought together with dozens of other historic documents and speeches which shaped the destiny of the United States of America. Also included are the Bill of Rights, the Federalist Papers, and the Articles of Confederation. Gregg Jarrett introduces and explains how each of these great documents created the America we know today.In addition to these Founding documents, this deluxe keepsake contains other legendary works from our nation’s history, including Frederick Douglass’s July 4th speech, Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address, Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech, and Ronald Reagan’s Berlin Wall speech.A tribute to the great minds and indelible words that have made America great, The Constitution of the United States and Other Patriotic Documents is essential for every patriot and anyone interested in knowing and understanding the course of American history.
The Constitution: An Introduction
by Luke Paulsen Michael PaulsenFrom war powers to health care, freedom of speech to gun ownership, religious liberty to abortion, practically every aspect of American life is shaped by the Constitution. This vital document, along with its history of political and judicial interpretation, governs our individual lives and the life of our nation. Yet most of us know surprisingly little about the Constitution itself, and are woefully unprepared to think for ourselves about recent developments in its long and storied history.The Constitution: An Introduction is the definitive modern primer on the US Constitution. Michael Stokes Paulsen, one of the nation's most provocative and accomplished scholars of the Constitution, and his son Luke Paulsen, a gifted young writer and lay scholar, have combined to write a lively introduction to the supreme law of the United States, covering the Constitution's history and meaning in clear, accessible terms.Beginning with the Constitution's birth in 1787, Paulsen and Paulsen offer a grand tour of its provisions, principles, and interpretation, introducing readers to the characters and controversies that have shaped the Constitution in the 200-plus years since its creation. Along the way, the authors provide correctives to the shallow myths and partial truths that pervade so much popular treatment of the Constitution, from school textbooks to media accounts of today's controversies, and offer powerful insights into the Constitution's true meaning.A lucid and engaging guide, The Constitution: An Introduction provides readers with the tools to think critically and independently about constitutional issues-a skill that is ever more essential to the continued flourishing of American democracy.
The Construction of Eating Disorders: Psychiatry, Politics and Cultural Representations of Disordered Eating (The Politics of Mental Health and Illness)
by Alison FixsenThis book draws on original research to critically examine the social and industrial construction of eating disorders and disordered eating, in an analysis that encompasses psychiatry and health, cultural representations, and the politics of eating disorders. Centrally, it examines the extent to which eating disorders are not ‘made’ by individuals, but rather constructed by groups who claim investment, experience, and expertise in the diagnosis, labeling, treatment, and management of disordered eating. It demonstrates the impacts of biomedical, psychiatric, legal, pharmaceutical, technical and consumer groups, as well as that of the fast-food, fashion, media and social media industries. In doing so, it reveals how they shape the ways that eating disorders are perceived, spoken of, written about, and managed within institutions and wider society. It will appeal to students and scholars of mental health, critical psychology, medical sociology and anthropology and gender studies, and others interested in our future health.
The Construction of Social Reality
by John R. SearleThis short treatise looks at how we construct a social reality from our sense impressions; at how, for example, we construct a 'five-pound note' with all that implies in terms of value and social meaning, from the printed piece of paper we see and touch.
The Construction of Value Philosophy in Contemporary China
by Deshun LiThis book approaches humanism in the new era in China by discussing the nature of value philosophy and by analyzing in depth the significance of value research for China’s modernization and future development. The author expounds his own point of view on the value of human beings as the foundation of value philosophy and subsequently applies it to understanding conflicting values between China and the West, universal values, etc. In addition, he discusses the cultural value concept in China, e.g., the craze for traditional Chinese culture, value choices in socialism with Chinese characteristics, and Deng Xiaoping’s great practice. Combining the fields of academic study, political affairs, cultural communication, and social life, the book offers a valuable resource for scholars, researchers, politicians, diplomats, university students, and those who want to study and understand value philosophy, Chinese value research, and Chinese culture. In addition, it seeks to realize the value of human beings in culture. Lastly, its discussions on the value concept can facilitate understanding and respect among people(s) all over the world.
The Contagion of Violence: 1391 and the Jews of the Spanish Kingdoms
by Michael SchraerThis book explores the causes, progression and consequences of the extraordinary spread of anti-Jewish violence and mass conversion across five separate Spanish polities in 1391, from Seville to the Pyrenees, overwhelming Valencia, Barcelona and numerous other locations. Using comparative analysis with previous outbreaks in Spain and elsewhere, it demonstrates the uniqueness of these events in terms of the speed and extent of transmission of attacks, and their lasting consequences. It argues that models of social contagion best explain this pandemic violence, in which latent hostilities, fears and uncertainties in the post-Black Death world, national and local tensions, were almost spontaneously triggered into often annihilatory riots by rapid communication and movement of people, spreading ideas, news, gossip and rumour through a variety of social networks. It seeks to demonstrate the modes by which polemic and tropes were translated into action, by local preachers, poetry, troubadours and the visual arts.
The Contemplative Activity: Eight Lectures on Aesthetics (Routledge Revivals)
by Pepita HaezrahiFirst published in 1954, The Contemplative Activity analyses our knowledge of aesthetic experience, making the basic assumption that the existence of such experience is a hard core of fact which can only be described. Haezrahi’s approach to the problem of aesthetic judgment is analytical, concerned with clarifying its preconditions, determining its categories and tracing its implications. Her analysis reveals it consists a particular mode of perception and a particular attitude adopted towards what is so perceived. The various philosophies of art and beauty, though they represent attitudes different from the purely aesthetic one, are carefully examined too since the contemplative spectator is indebted to them for the achievement of adequate aesthetic responses to specific works of art. Haezrahi also discusses methods of objective evaluation of the aesthetic experience as well as possible means to reduce the margin of error involved in the particular responses of critics and theorists. This book will be particularly important for students of philosophy and of art.
The Contemplative Foundations of Classical Daoism (SUNY series in Chinese Philosophy and Culture)
by Harold D. RothIn The Contemplative Foundations of Classical Daoism, Harold D. Roth explores the origins and nature of the Daoist tradition, arguing that its creators and innovators were not abstract philosophers but, rather, mystics engaged in self-exploration and self-cultivation, which in turn provided the insights embodied in such famed works as the Daodejing and Zhuangzi. In this compilation of essays and chapters representing nearly thirty years of scholarship, Roth examines the historical and intellectual origins of Daoism and demonstrates how this distinctive philosophy emerged directly from practices that were essentially contemplative in nature.In the first part of the book, Roth applies text-critical methods to derive the hidden contemplative dimensions of classical Daoism. In the second part, he applies a "contemplative hermeneutic" to explore the relationship between contemplative practices and classical Daoist philosophy and, in so doing, brings early Daoist writings into conversation with contemporary contemplative studies. To this he adds an introduction in which he reflects on the arc and influence on the field of early Chinese thought of this rich vein of scholarship and an afterword in which he applies both interpretive methods to the vexing question of the authorship of the Inner Chapters of the Zhuangzi. The Contemplative Foundations of Classical Daoism brings to fruition the cumulative investigations and observations of a leading figure in the emerging field of contemplative studies as they pertain to a core component of early Chinese thought.
The Contemplative Practitioner
by John P. MillerMeditation is a simple and practical activity that can enrich our lives and work in innumerable ways. It allows us to connect more deeply to ourselves and others and to the environment. In this book, John P. Miller, an expert in the field of holistic education, looks at mediation and how it can be integrated into one's work and daily life.Twenty years after it was first published, Miller's book remains one of the best guides to applying contemplative practice, covering a variety of theoretical, empirical, historical, and cross-cultural approaches. For this new edition, Miller has updated the text to reflect the growth of the mindfulness movement, new research into the brain, and his years of experience teaching and practising contemplation in teacher education.Whether one is interested in exploring how meditation can be used in the classroom or the workplace, or simply seeking to integrate it into one's personal life, The Contemplative Practitioner is the perfect companion.
The Contemporary Evolution and Reform of Utilitarianism (Interests Politics Series)
by Shuyang LiuThis book is a monograph on contemporary utilitarianism, focusing on its evolving path and logic. It describes the evolution of utilitarianism from the classical model to the contemporary model and then summarizes the characteristics of contemporary utilitarianism, revealing its advantages and disadvantages. This book points out that the best characteristic of contemporary utilitarianism is to give up traditional view of individualism and take balanced attitude to the relationship between individual and community. The change makes the goal of contemporary utilitarianism from the pursuit of maximizing the sum of individual utilities to optimal social utility. Therefore, the contemporary utilitarianism gradually evolves a public philosophy with multiple interests structure, which provides a new way to solve the contradiction between personal interest and public interest.Utilitarianism is still an important political philosophy in western society, but its existing defects actually make it difficult to have a transformative impact on western institutional structure and system. The target audience of this book are students and researchers majoring in politics and ethics.
The Contemporary Goffman (Routledge Studies in Social and Political Thought)
by Michael Hviid JacobsenThe sociology of Erving Goffman has inspired generations of sociologists throughout the world. Students and scholars alike have in Goffman’s unsurpassable and generous ability to capture the world of everyday life discovered an emporium of useful, incisive and quite often humorous analyses, concepts and ideas. The Contemporary Goffman highlights the continued relevance of Goffman to sociology and related disciplines – to theoretical discussions as well as to substantive empirical research – through contributions dealing with a variety of topics and themes. Some contributions concentrate on locating or reinterpreting Goffman’s work as a special kind of sociology (as is found in his literary sensibilities or his fieldwork strategies). Others focus on overlooked aspects and neglected potentials of his sociology (by applying his perspective to studies of gender, emotions and violence), while others still relate his concepts and ideas to substantive research areas (such as the media, mobile telephones, hospitals, surveillance technologies and tourism).
The Contemporary Relevance of Carl Schmitt: Law, Politics, Theology
by Panu Minkkinen Matilda Arvidsson Leila BrännströmWhat does Carl Schmitt have to offer to ongoing debates about sovereignty, globalization, spatiality, the nature of the political, and political theology? Can Schmitt’s positions and concepts offer insights that might help us understand our concrete present-day situation? Works on Schmitt usually limit themselves to historically isolating Schmitt into his Weimar or post-Weimar context, to reading him together with classics of political and legal philosophy, or to focusing exclusively on a particular aspect of Schmitt’s writings. Bringing together an international, and interdisciplinary, range of contributors, this book explores the question of Schmitt’s relevance for an understanding of the contemporary world. Engaging the background and intellectual context in which Schmitt wrote his major works – often with reference to both primary and secondary literature unavailable in English – this book will be of enormous interest to legal and political theorists.
The Contemporary Relevance of John Dewey’s Theories on Teaching and Learning: Deweyan Perspectives on Standardization, Accountability, and Assessment in Education (Routledge International Studies in the Philosophy of Education)
by JuliAnna ÁvilaThrough expert analysis, this text proves that John Dewey’s views on efficiency in education are as relevant as ever. By exploring Deweyan theories of teaching and learning, the volume illustrates how they can aid educators in navigating the theoretical and practical implications of accountability, standardization, and assessment. The Contemporary Relevance of John Dewey’s Theories on Teaching and Learning deconstructs issues regarding accountability mechanisms, uniform assessment systems, and standardization processes through a Deweyan lens. Connecting the zeitgeist of the era from which Dewey’s ideas emerged and current global political, social, and economic contexts, the book emphasizes the importance of resilient systems in reconciliating the tension between standardized assessments and individual student development. Contributors provide insights from a range of settings across Pre-K, primary, secondary, and higher education and address topics including teacher agency, voice, leadership, and democracy. The volume will be of interest to scholars, researchers, and academics with an interest in philosophy of education, education policy and the impact of neoliberal agendas, as well as teaching and learning more broadly.
The Contemporary Relevance of John Dewey’s Theories on Teaching and Learning: Deweyan Perspectives on Standardization, Accountability, and Assessment in Education (Routledge International Studies in the Philosophy of Education)
by JuliAnna ÁvilaThrough expert analysis, this text proves that John Dewey’s views on efficiency in education are as relevant as ever. By exploring Deweyan theories of teaching and learning, the volume illustrates how they can aid educators in navigating the theoretical and practical implications of accountability, standardization, and assessment. The Contemporary Relevance of John Dewey’s Theories on Teaching and Learning deconstructs issues regarding accountability mechanisms, uniform assessment systems, and standardization processes through a Deweyan lens. Connecting the zeitgeist of the era from which Dewey’s ideas emerged and current global political, social, and economic contexts, the book emphasizes the importance of resilient systems in reconciliating the tension between standardized assessments and individual student development. Contributors provide insights from a range of settings across Pre-K, primary, secondary, and higher education and address topics including teacher agency, voice, leadership, and democracy.The volume will be of interest to scholars, researchers, and academics with an interest in philosophy of education, education policy and the impact of neoliberal agendas, as well as teaching and learning more broadly.
The Contemporary Scholar in Higher Education: Forms, Ethos and World View
by Andrew Peterson Paul Gibbs Victoria De RijkeThis book examines what a scholar looks and feels like in contemporary times. It suggests that scholars are more than people employed as academics and discusses how different world ideologies, cultures and systems view their scholars and how they might be considered in the changing and challenging nature of higher education. The book includes discussion from Islamic, Confucian, postcolonial and post-Soviet perspectives, alongside other approaches such as the scholar-artist, thinker, teacher and activist. It will appeal to students and scholars working in the philosophy of higher education, higher education practice and comparative studies.
The Contemporary Writer and Their Suicide
by Josefa Ros VelascoThis volume is the continuation of the book Suicide in Modern Literature, edited by Josefa Ros Velasco. Considering the positive reception of this book, Ros Velasco launches the second part, entitled The Contemporary Writer and their Suicide. This time, leading representatives of various disciplines analyze the literary, philosophical, and biographical works of contemporary writers worldwide who attempted to commit suicide or achieved their goal, looking for covert and overt clues about their intentions in their writings. This book aims to continue shedding light on the social and structural causes that lead to suicide and on the suicidal mind, but also to show that people assiduous to writing usually reflect their intentions to commit suicide in their writings, to explain how these frequently veiled intentions can be revealed and interpreted, and to highlight the potential of artistic, philosophical, and autobiographical writing as a tool to detect suicidal ideation and prevent its consummation in vulnerable people. This book analyzes several case studies and their allusions to their contexts and the socio-structural and environmental violence and pressures they suffered, expressions of their will and agency, feelings of dislocation between the individual, reality, and existential alienation, and literary styles, writing techniques, and metaphorical language.
The Contest: The 1968 Election and the War for America's Soul
by Michael SchumacherA dramatic, deeply informed account of one of the most consequential elections and periods in American history 1968—rife with riots, assassinations, anti–Vietnam War protests, and realpolitik—was one of the most tumultuous years in the twentieth century, culminating in one of the most consequential presidential elections in American history. The Contest tells the story of that contentious election and that remarkable year. Bringing a fresh perspective to events that still resonate half a century later, this book is especially timely, giving us the long view of a turning point in American culture and politics.Author Michael Schumacher sets the stage with a deep look at the people with important roles in the unfolding drama: Lyndon B. Johnson, Robert F. Kennedy, Eugene McCarthy, George Wallace, Richard Nixon, and especially Hubert H. Humphrey, whose papers and journals afford surprising new insights. Following these politicians in the lead-up to the primaries, through the chaotic conventions, and down the home stretch to the general election, The Contest combines biographical and historical details to create a narrative as intimate in human detail as it is momentous in scope and significance.An election year when the competing forces of law and order and social justice were on the ballot, the Vietnam War divided the country, and the liberal regime begun with Franklin D. Roosevelt was on the defensive, 1968 marked a profound shift in the nation&’s culture and sense of itself. Thorough in its research and spellbinding in the telling, Schumacher&’s book brings sharp focus to that year and its lessons for our current critical moment in American politics.
The Contestation of Patriarchy in Luis Martín-Santos' Work
by Miquel BotaThis book proposes that Spanish author Luis Martín-Santos’ work focuses on the effects of patriarchy and hegemonic masculinity on men, to actively contribute to freeing both men and women from the yoke of patriarchy. It aims for a new resonance of Luis Martín-Santos. It analyzes the influence of Heidegger, Freud and Sartre in Martín-Santos’ psychiatric essays and his fictional works: the novel Tiempo de silencio (Time of Silence), the collection of short stories Apólogos, and the posthumous fragment Tiempo de destrucción (Time of Destruction). It demonstrates that alongside the political critique of Franco’s dictatorship, Martín-Santos’ creative writings are an attempt to destroy the prevalent masculine myths of Western patriarchy, and a proposal to create new myths for the future.
The Contested Identities of Ulster Protestants
by Thomas Paul Burgess Gareth MulvennaThis study explores the idea voiced by journalist Henry McDonald that the Protestant, Unionist and Loyalist tribes of Ulster are '. . . the least fashionable community in Western Europe'. A cast of contributors including prominent politicians, academics, journalists and artists explore the reasons informing public perceptions attached to this community.
The Contexts of Bakhtin: Philosophy, Authorship, Aesthetics (Routledge Harwood Studies in Russian and European Literature #Vol. 2.)
by David Shepherd Professor David ShepherdThe fourteen essays collected in this volume, notwithstanding their diversity of subject matter and approach, share a concern with the contexts to which we need to refer in order to understand not only the origins, but also the potential of Mikhail Bakhtin's thought: contexts both immediate and oblique, personal and impersonal, intellectual and theoretical. Five of the essays are by well-known Russian scholars whose work on Bakhtin has not previously been translated in English; the other nine papers are by established and emerging Bakhtin specialists in North America, the United Kingdom, and Europe.
The Contextual Character of Moral Integrity: Transcultural Psychological Applications
by Dita Šamánková Marek Preiss Tereza PříhodováThis book discusses outcomes of a study by the National Institute of Mental Health, Czech Republic, examining moral integrity in the post-communist Czech-speaking environment. Chapters map the history of the Euro-Atlantic ethical disciplines from moral philosophy and psychology to evolutionary neuroscience and socio-biology. The authors emphasize the biological and social conditionality of ethics and call for greater differentiation of both research and applied psychological standards in today’s globalised world. Using a non-European ethical system – Theravada Buddhism – as a case study, the authors explore the differences in English and Czech interpretations of the religion. They analyse cognitive styles and language as central variables in formatting and interpreting moral values, with important consequences for cultural transferability of psychological instruments. This book will appeal to academics and other specialists in psychology, psychiatry, sociology and related fields, as well as to readers interested in the psychology of ethics.
The Continental Aesthetics Reader
by Clive CazeauxThe Continental Aesthetics Reader brings together classic and contemporary writings on art and aesthetics from the major figures in continental thought. The second edition is clearly divided into seven sections: Nineteenth-Century German Aesthetics Phenomenology and Hermeneutics Marxism and Critical Theory Excess and Affect Embodiment and Technology Poststructuralism and Postmodernism Aesthetic Ontologies. Each section is clearly placed in its historical and philosophical context, and each philosopher has an introduction by Clive Cazeaux. An updated list of readings for this edition includes selections from Agamben, Butler, Guattari, Nancy, Virilio, and �i�ek. Suggestions for further reading are given, and there is a glossary of over fifty key terms. Ideal for introductory courses in aesthetics, continental philosophy, art, and visual studies, The Continental Aesthetics Reader provides a thorough introduction to some of the most influential writings on art and aesthetics from Kant and Hegel to Badiou and Ranci�.