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Rites of Spring: The Great War and the Birth of the Modern Age
by Modris EksteinsThis award-winning cultural history reveals how the Great War changed humanity. This sweeping volume probes the origins, the impact, and the aftermath of World War I—from the premiere of Igor Stravinsky&’s ballet The Rite of Spring in 1913 to the death of Hitler in 1945. &“The Great War,&” as Modris Eksteins writes, &“was the psychological turning point . . . for modernism as a whole. The urge to create and the urge to destroy had changed places.&” In this &“bold and fertile book&” (The Atlantic Monthly), Eksteins goes on to chart the seismic shifts in human consciousness brought about by this great cataclysm, through the lives and words of ordinary people, works of literature, and such events as Lindbergh&’s transatlantic flight and the publication of the first modern bestseller, All Quiet on the Western Front. Rites of Spring is a rare and remarkable work, a cultural history that redefines the way we look at our past—and toward our future.
Ritual and Rhythm in Electoral Systems: A Comparative Legal Account (Election Law, Politics, and Theory)
by Graeme Orr’Why do we vote in schools?’ ’What is the social meaning of secret balloting?’ ’What is lost if we vote by mail or computers rather than on election day?’ ’What is the history and role of drinking and wagering in elections?’ ’How does the electoral cycle generate the theatre of election night and inaugurations?’ Elections are key public events - in a secular society the only real coming together of the social whole. Their rituals and rhythms run deep. Yet their conduct is invariably examined in instrumental ways, as if they were merely competitive games or liberal apparatus. Focusing on the political cultures and laws of the UK, the US and Australia, this book offers an historicised and generalised account of the intersection of electoral systems and the concepts of ritual, rhythm and the everyday, which form the basis of how we experience elections. As a novel contribution to the theory of the law of elections, this book will be of interest to researchers, students, administrators and policy makers in both politics and law.
Ritual and the Moral Life
by Ping-Cheung Lo David Solomon Ruiping FanIn the twentieth century, in both China and the West, ritual became marginalized in the face of the growth of secularism and individualism. In China, Confucianism and its essentially ritualistic comportment to the world were vigorously suppressed during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) under Mao Zedong. But de-ritualization already took place as a result of the Chinese Revolution of 1911 under Sun Yat-Sen. In the West, while the process of de-ritualization has been generally more gradual, it has been nonetheless drastic. In contrast to this situation, this volume investigates the crucial role ritual plays in constituting the human understanding of their place in the cosmos, the purpose of their lives, and imbues human existence with a more complete sense of meaningfulness. This volume presents the work of philosophers from both China and the West as they reflect upon the constitutive role that ritual plays in human life. They reflect not only on ritual in general but also on specific Confucian and Christian appreciations of ritual. This provocative volume is a beacon of warning to Western philosophers, who think they have graduated from the trappings of ritual, and a beacon of hope for Eastern thinkers, who wish to avoid cultural fragmentation. The Editors, both Eastern and Western, have together created a seamless work that not only introduces ritual, but advances an argument for the contribution that ritual makes to cultural renewal. This volume is a work of philosophical thinking about ritual doing, but challenges those who think to realize that the salvation of philosophical thinking rests in the particularity and contingency of ritual doing. Let us hope this volume is widely read, for it points to that which might renew the West. - Jeffrey P. Bishop, Saint Louis University
Rituals
by Cees NooteboomIn Rituals, Amsterdam of the fifties, sixties and seventies is viewed from the perspective of the capricious Inni Wintrop. An unintentional suicide survivor, the unexpected gift of life returned lends him the curiousity, and impartiality, to survey others' lives and rountines. Inni's opposite, the one-eyed downhill skier Arnold Taads measures his life by the clock, while his disowned son Philip follows Japanese rituals which themselves seem to render his existence meaningless. A novel for those who seek to unravel our mysterious, apparently directionless lives...
Rivalries that Destroyed the Roman Republic
by Jeremiah McCallThis is the story of how some Roman aristocrats grew so competitive in their political rivalries that they destroyed their Republic, in the late second to mid-first century BCE. Politics had always been a fractious game at Rome as aristocratic competitors strove to outshine one another in elected offices and honors, all ostensibly in the name of serving the Republic. And for centuries it had worked - or at least worked for these elite and elitist competitors. Enemies were defeated, glory was spread round the ruling class, and the empire of the Republic steadily grew. When rivalries grew too bitter, when aristocrats seemed headed toward excessive power, the oligarchy of the Roman Senate would curb its more competitive members, fostering consensus that allowed the system—the competitive arena for offices and honors, and the domination of the Senate—to continue. But as Rome came to rule much of the Mediterranean, aristocratic competitions grew too fierce; the prizes for winning were too great. And so, a series of bitter rivalries combined with the social and political pressures of the day to disintegrate the Republic. This is the story of those bitter rivalries from the senatorial debates of Fabius and Scipio, to the censorial purges of Cato; from the murders of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus, to the ultimate rivalry of Caesar and Pompey. A work of historical investigation, Rivalries that Destroyed the Roman Republic introduces readers not only to the story of the Republic's collapse but the often-scarce and problematic evidence from which the story of these actors and their struggles is woven.
Rivelazione
by Baron Alexander Deschauer Debora MazzucaQuesto libro svela il segreto per essere felici e soddisfatti, il suo fine è quello di mostrare il vero significato della vita, le infinite possibilità esistenti a nostra disposizione. La sua scrittura è semplice e può essere facilmente compreso da chiunque: senza riferimenti a persone vive o morte e senza aver bisogno di anni di studi teologici o filosofici. Presenta delle idee che trascendono le barriere sociali, economiche e accademiche. Come uno specchio che riflette l'immagine dell'osservatore, questo libro riflette i pensieri e le esperienze del lettore. L'obiettivo è quello di ampliare la comprensione del lettore di sé stesso e della connessione esistente tra tutte le forme di vita presenti. Per un effetto migliore si consiglia di leggerlo ad alta voce.
River City Empire: Tom Dennison's Omaha
by Orville D. Menard Laurie Smith CampMore than any other political boss of the early twentieth century, Thomas Dennison, “the Rogue who ruled Omaha,” was a master of the devious. Unlike his contemporaries outside the Midwest, he took no political office and was never convicted of a crime during his thirty-year reign. He was a man who managed saloons but never cared for alcohol; who may have incited the Omaha Race Riot of 1919 but claimed he never harmed a soul; who stood aside while powerful men did his bidding. His power came not from coercion or nobility but from delegation and subterfuge. Orville D. Menard chronicles Dennison’s life in River City Empire, beginning with Dennison’s experiences in Colorado mining towns. In 1892 Dennison came to Omaha, Nebraska, where he married and started a family while solidifying his position as an influential political boss. Menard explores machine politics in Omaha as well as the man behind this machine, describing how Dennison steered elections, served the legitimate and illegitimate business communities, and administered justice boss-style to control crime and corruption. The microcosm of Omaha provides an opportunity for readers to explore bossism in a smaller environment and sheds light on the early twentieth-century American political climate as a whole.
The Rivers North of the Future: The Testament of Ivan Illich
by David CayleyIn this provocative new book, respected Canadian journalist David Cayley compiles and reflects upon the thoughts of Ivan Illich, one of the 20th century's most visionary cultural critics. Illich believed that the West could only be understood as a corruption of the Christian New Testament. Cayley presents Illich's exploration of this idea, illuminating Illich's thoughts on the criminalization of sin, on how the Church has become a template for the modern nation-state, and how contemporary society has become a congealed and corrupted Christianity. These critiques are as timely and valuable as Illich's prescription for fixing them.
The Rivers North of the Future: The Testament Of Ivan Illich
by David CayleyIn The Rivers North of the Future David Cayley has compiled Ivan Illich's moving and insightful thoughts concerning the fate of the Christian Gospel. Illich's view, which could be summed up as the corruption of the best is the worst, is that Jesus' call to love more abundantly became the basis for new forms of power in the hands of those who organized and administered this New Testament. Illich also explores the invention of technology, the road from hospitality to the hospital, the criminalization of sin, the church as the template of the modern state, and the death of nature. Illich's analysis of contemporary society as a congealed and corrupted Christianity is both a bold historical hypothesis and a call to believers to re-invent the Christian church. With a foreword by Charles Taylor. Ivan Illich (1926-2002) was a brilliant polymath, an iconoclastic thinker, and a prolific writer. He was a priest, vice-rector of a university, founder of the Centre for Intercultural Documentation in Cuernavaca, Mexico, and author of numerous books, including Deschooling Society, Tools for Conviviality, Energy and Equity, and Medical Nemesis.
The Road from Mont Pèlerin: The Making of the Neoliberal Thought Collective, With a New Preface
by Philip MirowskiWhat exactly is neoliberalism, and where did it come from? This volume attempts to answer these questions by exploring neoliberalism's origins and growth as a political and economic movement. Now with a new preface.
The Road Home: A Contemporary Exploration of the Buddhist Path
by Ethan NichternA lively exploration of contemporary Buddhism from one of its most admired teachers.In this wise and witty invitation to Buddhist meditation, Ethan Nichtern, a senior teacher in the Shambhala Buddhist tradition, investigates the journey each of us takes to find where we belong. Drawing from contemporary research on meditation and mindfulness and from his experience as a Buddhist teacher and practitioner, Nichtern describes in fresh language the basic existential experience that gives rise to spiritual seeking—and also to its potentially dangerous counterpart, spiritual materialism. He explains exactly how, by turning our awareness to what’s happening around us and inside us, we become able to enhance our sense of connection with others and, at the same time, change for the better our individual and collective patterns of greed, apathy, and inattention. The Road Home shows that, in order to create a truly compassionate and enlightened society, we must start with ourselves. And this means beginning by working with our own mind—in whatever state we find it.One of Library Journal’s Best Books of 2015 in Religion and SpiritualityOne of Tech Insider’s Nine Books That Defined 2015Praise for The Road Home“The Road Home is a guidebook, a compass, a map, and a trusted companion, and as a wanderer I am forever grateful.” —Ruth Ozeki, author A Tale for the Time Being“Nichtern is as gifted and compassionate a teacher in writing as he is in person. I’ve dog-eared my copy so thoroughly, it’s swollen to twice its normal size.” —Maud Newton“Makes ancient Buddhist teachings and texts approachable, contemporary, and relevant. . . . Valuable for readers looking for an introduction to Buddhist teachings as they relate to meditation practice or for those searching for ways to live their lives in the here and now.” —Library Journal (starred review)
The Road to Character
by David Brooks"I wrote this book not sure I could follow the road to character, but I wanted at least to know what the road looks like and how other people have trodden it."--David Brooks<P><P> With the wisdom, humor, curiosity, and sharp insights that have brought millions of readers to his New York Times column and his previous bestsellers, David Brooks has consistently illuminated our daily lives in surprising and original ways. In The Social Animal, he explored the neuroscience of human connection and how we can flourish together. Now, in The Road to Character, he focuses on the deeper values that should inform our lives. Responding to what he calls the culture of the Big Me, which emphasizes external success, Brooks challenges us, and himself, to rebalance the scales between our "résumé virtues"--achieving wealth, fame, and status--and our "eulogy virtues," those that exist at the core of our being: kindness, bravery, honesty, or faithfulness, focusing on what kind of relationships we have formed.<P> Looking to some of the world's greatest thinkers and inspiring leaders, Brooks explores how, through internal struggle and a sense of their own limitations, they have built a strong inner character. Labor activist Frances Perkins understood the need to suppress parts of herself so that she could be an instrument in a larger cause. Dwight Eisenhower organized his life not around impulsive self-expression but considered self-restraint. Dorothy Day, a devout Catholic convert and champion of the poor, learned as a young woman the vocabulary of simplicity and surrender. Civil rights pioneers A. Philip Randolph and Bayard Rustin learned reticence and the logic of self-discipline, the need to distrust oneself even while waging a noble crusade.<P> Blending psychology, politics, spirituality, and confessional, The Road to Character provides an opportunity for us to rethink our priorities, and strive to build rich inner lives marked by humility and moral depth.<P> "Joy," David Brooks writes, "is a byproduct experienced by people who are aiming for something else. But it comes."
The Road to Inner Freedom: The Ethics
by Baruch SpinozaThe seventeenth century Dutch philosopher views the ability to experience rational love of God as the key to mastering the contradictory and violent human emotions.
The Road to Inner Freedom: The Ethics
by Baruch SpinozaThe seventeenth century Dutch philosopher views the ability to experience rational love of God as the key to mastering the contradictory and violent human emotions.
A Road to Nowhere: The Idea of Progress and Its Critics
by Matthew W. SlabochSince the Enlightenment, the idea of progress has spanned right- and left-wing politics, secular and spiritual philosophy, and most every school of art or culture. The belief that humans are capable of making lasting improvements—intellectual, scientific, material, moral, and cultural—continues to be a commonplace of our age. However, events of the preceding century, including but not limited to two world wars, conflicts in Korea and Vietnam, the spread of communism across Eastern Europe and parts of Asia, violent nationalism in the Balkans, and genocides in Cambodia and Rwanda, have called into question this faith in the continued advancement of humankind.In A Road to Nowhere, Matthew W. Slaboch argues that political theorists should entertain the possibility that long-term, continued progress may be more fiction than reality. He examines the work of German philosophers Arthur Schopenhauer and Oswald Spengler, Russian novelists Leo Tolstoy and Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, and American historians Henry Adams and Christopher Lasch—rare skeptics of the idea of progress who have much to engage political theory, a field dominated by historical optimists. Looking at the figures of Schopenhauer, Tolstoy, and Adams, Slaboch considers the ways in which they defined progress and their reasons for doubting that their cultures, or the world, were progressing. He compares Germany, Russia, and the United States to illustrate how these nineteenth-century critics of the idea of progress contributed to or helped forestall the emergence of forms of government that came to be associated with each country: fascism, communism, and democratic capitalism, respectively.Turning to Spengler, Solzhenitsyn, and Lasch, Slaboch explores the contemporary relevance of the critique of progress and the arguments for and against political engagement in the face of uncertain improvement, one-way inevitable decline, or unending cycles of advancement and decay. A Road to Nowhere concludes that these notable naysayers were not mere defeatists and presents their varied prescriptions for individual and social action.
Road to Redemption: The Liberal Party of Canada 2006-2019
by Brooke JeffreyDespite being described as the most successful political party in any western democracy, the Liberal Party of Canada experienced its worst electoral defeat in 2011. Reduced to third-party status, the Liberal Party of Canada was seen by some experts as a spent force doomed to disappear from the Canadian political scene. And yet, just four years later, the party surged ahead once more, winning one of the most decisive elections in Canadian history. Road to Redemption offers a detailed exploration of this stunning reversal. It begins by outlining weaknesses in the party’s organization and culture, weaknesses that existed long before the 2011 rout but were ignored while the party continued to win elections. Finally brought to light by the disastrous 2011 electoral campaign, these weaknesses were then systematically tackled by party elites and activists in a concerted effort to rebuild and restructure the party. Their efforts culminated in the state-of-the-art campaigns run by Justin Trudeau’s Liberals in 2015 and 2019. Brooke Jeffrey argues that the remarkable turnaround of 2015 confirms the Liberal Party’s exceptional ability to redefine itself and adapt to changing circumstances, a singular strength and the principal reason for the party’s enduring appeal. Despite being reduced to a minority government in 2019, Jeffrey concludes that the Liberal Party and leader Justin Trudeau can take advantage of this second chance to further strengthen and consolidate the party’s position for years to come.
The Road to Universal Logic
by Arthur Buchsbaum Arnold KoslowThis is the first volume of a collection of papers in honor of the fiftieth birthday of Jean-Yves Béziau. These 25 papers have been written by internationally distinguished logicians, mathematicians, computer scientists, linguists and philosophers, including Arnon Avron, John Corcoran, Wilfrid Hodges, Laurence Horn, Lloyd Humbertsone, Dale Jacquette, David Makinson, Stephen Read, and Jan WoleÅ,,ski. It is a state-of-the-art source of cutting-edge studies in the new interdisciplinary field of universal logic. The papers touch upon a wide range of topics including combination of logic, non-classical logic, square and other geometrical figures of opposition, categorical logic, set theory, foundation of logic, philosophy and history of logic (Aristotle, Avicenna, Buridan, Schröder, MacColl). This book offers new perspectives and challenges in the study of logic and will be of interest to all students and researchers interested the nature and future of logic.
The Road to Wigan Pier
by George Orwell<p>A brutally honest portrait of Depression-era British poverty, written by one of the country’s great authors. <p>One of George Orwell’s non-fiction works, The Road to Wigan Pier is an investigation of the harsh living conditions found among the poorer classes in pre-World War II northern England. <p>The first half is a direct, often blunt description of several families and homes, while the second is a more abstract consideration of the potential for socialism to improve what he sees as unacceptable circumstance for the workers. <p>He also contemplates his own privileged, middle-class upbringing. Penguin Random House Canada is proud to bring you classic works of literature in e-book form, with the highest quality production values. <p>Find more today and rediscover books you never knew you loved.
The Road to Wisdom: On Truth, Science, Faith, and Trust
by Francis S. CollinsFrom &“national treasure&” Francis Collins (Philip Yancey), the New York Times bestselling author of The Language of God and former director of the National Institutes of Health, comes a deeply thoughtful guidebook to get us beyond societal divisions and back to the sources of wisdom—"the sort that can save us before it is too late&” (Jane Goodall). As the COVID-19 pandemic revealed, we have become not just a hyper-partisan society but also a deeply cynical one, distrustful of traditional sources of knowledge and wisdom. Skepticism about vaccines led to the needless deaths of at least 230,000 Americans. &“Do your own research&” is now a rallying cry in many online rabbit holes. Yet experts can make mistakes, and institutions can lose their moral compass. So how can we navigate through all this? In The Road to Wisdom, Francis Collins reminds us of the four core sources of judgement and clear thinking: truth, science, faith, and trust. Drawing on his work from the Human Genome Project and heading the National Institutes of Health, as well as on ethics, philosophy, and Christian theology, Collins makes a robust, thoughtful case for each of these sources—their reliability, and their limits. Ultimately, he shows how they work together, not separately—and certainly not in conflict. It is only when we relink these four foundations of wisdom that we can begin to discern the best path forward in life. Thoughtful, accessible, winsome, and deeply wise, The Road to Wisdom leads us beyond current animosities to surer footing. Here is the moral, philosophical, and scientific framework with which to address the problems of our time—including distrust of public health, partisanship, racism, response to climate change, and threats to our democracy—but also to guide us in our daily lives. This is a book that will repay many readings, and resolve dilemmas that we all face every day.
The Road to Wisdom: On Truth, Science, Faith and Trust
by Francis S. CollinsFrom world-leading scientist and New York Times bestselling author of The Language of God, a deeply thoughtful guidebook to discerning what and who we can trust to move us from societal discord to civic harmony.As the COVID-19 pandemic revealed, western society has become not just hyper-partisan, but also deeply cynical; distrustful of traditional sources of knowledge and wisdom such as science and faith. Scepticism about vaccines led to the needless deaths of at least 230,000 Americans, and "Do your own research" is now a rallying cry in many online rabbit holes. Yes, experts can make mistakes, and institutions can lose their moral compass, but there are reliable ways and means to weigh information and navigate truth, and The Road to Wisdom is here to help us rediscover them.Francis Collins reminds us of the four core sources of judgement and clear thinking: truth, science, faith, and trust. Drawing on his scientific work at the forefront of the Human Genome Project and the US National Institutes of Health, as well as on ethics, philosophy, and theology, Collins makes a robust, thoughtful case for each of these sources - their reliability, and their limits. Ultimately, he shows how they work together, not separately - and certainly not in conflict. It is only when we re-link these four pillars of wisdom that we can begin to discern the best path forward in life.Hopeful, accessible, winsome, and deeply wise, The Road to Wisdom leads us beyond current animosities to surer footing. Here is the moral, philosophical, and scientific framework with which to address the problems of our time - on the world stage, but also in our daily lives.
The Road to Wisdom: On Truth, Science, Faith and Trust
by Francis S. CollinsFrom world-leading scientist and New York Times bestselling author of The Language of God, a deeply thoughtful guidebook to discerning what and who we can trust to move us from societal discord to civic harmony.As the COVID-19 pandemic revealed, western society has become not just hyper-partisan, but also deeply cynical; distrustful of traditional sources of knowledge and wisdom such as science and faith. Scepticism about vaccines led to the needless deaths of at least 230,000 Americans, and "Do your own research" is now a rallying cry in many online rabbit holes. Yes, experts can make mistakes, and institutions can lose their moral compass, but there are reliable ways and means to weigh information and navigate truth, and The Road to Wisdom is here to help us rediscover them.Francis Collins reminds us of the four core sources of judgement and clear thinking: truth, science, faith, and trust. Drawing on his scientific work at the forefront of the Human Genome Project and the US National Institutes of Health, as well as on ethics, philosophy, and theology, Collins makes a robust, thoughtful case for each of these sources - their reliability, and their limits. Ultimately, he shows how they work together, not separately - and certainly not in conflict. It is only when we re-link these four pillars of wisdom that we can begin to discern the best path forward in life.Hopeful, accessible, winsome, and deeply wise, The Road to Wisdom leads us beyond current animosities to surer footing. Here is the moral, philosophical, and scientific framework with which to address the problems of our time - on the world stage, but also in our daily lives.
Roadmap for Humanities and Social Sciences in STEM Higher Education
by Sayantan MandalThis edited book focuses on the interconnections of STEM and Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS) in higher education and offers novel approaches to reintegrating them. It paradoxically informs readers of how HSS got relegated to the periphery in the capitalist-driven higher education market and the pressing need to re-organise higher education to meet the demands of competencies in the same education industry. The contributors, including eminent scholars from academia and industry, decision-makers, and researchers, bring nuanced perspectives on integrating HSS into STEM through the global north and south lens. The book is divided into seven parts providing a comprehensive understanding of the critical position of STEM, its interaction with HSS, some exemplars to elucidate holistic education, the importance of HSS in industry, and the roadmap facilitating the organic integration across disciplines. It provides an in-depth analysis of the difficulties HSS faces in science and technical higher education and offers creative solutions to these difficulties, a plausible roadmap for teachers and educational planners wishing to incorporate HSS into STEM higher education. The book stresses the importance of integrating the social sciences and humanities to foster innovation and success in STEM education. It is a must-read for those dedicated to integrating and advancing HSS in STEM higher education, such as educational policymakers, institutional leaders, higher education managers, and educational policy and management researchers.
Roads Not Taken: Progressive Populism in Historical Perspective
by Michael KimmelUsing a range of in-depth historical case studies, this timely work excavates the oft-forgotten tradition of progressive populism and highlights the relevance of such movements to our own tumultuous times.Populism in its 21st-century guise is often centered around exclusionary notions of nationality and the exultation of an authoritarian leader. Yet, as this book demonstrates, this has not always been the case. As demonstrated by the Levellers in the English Civil War and the Sans-Culottes in the French Revolution, the ideas of progressive populism have often surfaced in the midst of revolution where they have sought to ensure that revolutions do not deviate from their lofty ideals. Progressive populism has also emerged during periods of crisis and social dislocation, reasserting conceptions of the “moral economy” and a romanticized view of the past in support of their goals. By looking at the trajectories of past iterations of these ideas, Michael Kimmel retrieves a different populism, based not upon the illusory entity of “the people,” but something more concrete: the capacity of real people, living their lives with a sense of both autonomy and community.This book will be of interest to students and scholars in disciplines including sociology, history, and political science.
Roads to Confederation: The Making of Canada, 1867, Volume 1
by David Cameron Marcel Martel Robert Vipond Jacqueline Krikorian Andrew McDougallIn recognition of Canada’s sesquicentennial, this two-volume set brings together previously published scholarship on Confederation into one collection. The editors sought to reproduce not only the "classic" studies about the people, ideas, and events associated with the passage of the British North America Act, 1867, but also scholarly works that capture the complexities of the Confederation project. This ambitious anthology challenges the notion that there exists one dominant narrative underpinning 1867, and includes research that focuses on Indigenous peoples. Seven articles written in French are translated for the first time for publication in this collection. In the first volume of this anthology, Roads to Confederation introduces readers to the competing approaches to the study of Confederation and provides material that considers the nature of the 1867 project from the perspective of peoples and communities who have been traditionally excluded from the literature. It also includes the definitive scholarship on the ideational underpinnings of the making of Canada as well as several leading articles that set out different ways to understand the nature and purpose of the 1867 agreement.
Roads to Confederation: The Making of Canada, 1867, Volume 2
by David Cameron Marcel Martel Robert Vipond Jacqueline Krikorian Andrew McDougallRoads to Confederation surveys the way in which scholars from different disciplines, writing in different periods, viewed the Confederation process and the making of Canada. Recognizing that Confederation has been traditionally defined as a process affecting only British North America’s Anglophone and Francophone communities, Roads to Confederation offers a broader approach to the making of Canada, and includes scholarship written over 145 years. Volume 2 of this collection focuses on three major themes. It presents research from the perspective of Canada’s regions, with one chapter focusing exclusively on the competing understandings of 1867 from the perspective of Quebec. Next, it includes material pertaining to the geopolitical underpinnings of 1867 that addresses the relationship between Confederation, the U.S. Civil War and American expansionism, Great Britain and war in the European theatre. Also included is leading scholarship by Stanley B. Ryerson, Adele Perry, Fernand Dumond, Ian McKay and James W. Daschuk that questions whether Confederation itself was a formative event. Together with its companion volume, this is an invaluable resource for those who wish to deepen their understanding of the historical foundations on which Canada rests.