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Explore Poetry!
by Andi DiehnPoems can be silly, serious, or fun, just like kids! Whether it’s the sing-song rhythm of a limerick, the serendipitous magic of a found poem, the deceptive simplicity of a haiku, or the easy familiarity of an acrostic poem, children are charmed by poetry. And what’s more fun than reading poetry? Writing it! In Explore Poetry! With 25 Great Projects children have fun learning about different forms of poetry while delving into different literary techniques such as personification, metaphor, and alliteration, all of which are discussed in a simple and accessible way. Activities include creative writing exercises designed to reinforce language arts skills, plus art projects that encourage children to visualize concepts and definitions. Short biographies of important poets reinforce the concept of poetry as an important part of society. Explore Poetry! meets Common Core State Standards for language arts; Guided Reading Levels and Lexile measurements indicate grade level and text complexity. Informational and inspiring, Explore Poetry! fits seamlessly into the poetry curriculum of grades 2 to 4 and serves as an enrichment resource all during the school year, especially April, Poetry Month.
Explosion at the Poem Factory
by Kyle LukoffA funny story, full of wordplay, brings poetry alive as never before! Kilmer Watts makes his living teaching piano lessons, but when automatic pianos arrive in town, he realizes he’s out of a job. He spots a “Help Wanted” sign at the poem factory and decides to investigate — he’s always been curious about how poems are made. The foreman explains that machines and assembly lines are used for poetry these days. So Kilmer learns how to operate the “meter meter” and empty the “cliché bins.” He assembles a poem by picking out a rhyme scheme, sprinkling in some similes and adding alliteration. But one day the machines malfunction, and there is a dramatic explosion at the poem factory. How will poetry ever survive? Kyle Lukoff’s funny story, rich in wordplay, is complemented by Mark Hoffmann’s lively, quirky art. The backmatter includes definitions of poetic feet, types of poems (with illustrated examples) and a glossary of other terms. An author’s note explains the inspiration for the story. Key Text Features definitions glossary author's note Correlates to the Common Core State Standards in English Language Arts: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.2.4 Describe how words and phrases (e.g., regular beats, alliteration, rhymes, repeated lines) supply rhythm and meaning in a story, poem, or song.
Exposition Park (The Driftless Series)
by Roberto TejadaImagine a walking tour of stanzas and prose poems that give lyric voice to sight, public speech, and spectacle. In Exhibition Park, Roberto Tejada delivers a command performance in mixed genres that compel an array of literary styles. His poetry undertakes a wide range of subjects motivated by artworks from Latin America and the United States covering the colonial period to the present day. In serial poems, short sketches, guidebook parodies, painterly triptychs, translations, and other word-based dioramas, Tejada coins wonder with historical styles--baroque, classic, and experimental. As likened to a world's fair, the resulting voices intone global stories, the dream life of art, and first-person atmospheres both premodern and postindustrial. "Tejada's work is with dismantling borders and upsetting classifications... The result is a layered poetry that finds its form in dense stanzas composed of lines that frequently veer toward a kind of fractured prose..."--Alan Gilbert in Another Future: Poetry and Modern Art in a Postmodern Twilight"You walk through his world as a voyeur, a traveler of mirrors, witnessing your own reflection in the masses of flesh, simultaneously aroused and disturbed at the same time. Tejada's work is an invitation, a window into another world, unabashedly erotic, and succinct."--Christine Lark Fox, Poetry Project Newsletter, about Mirrors for Gold
Expounding the Doubtful Points
by Wing T. LumThis collection of poems discusses the author's Chinese-American heritage. Themes present include: ancestral ties to China, living family members in Hawaii and ugly stereotyping.
Expressway
by Sina QueyrasNominated for the 2009 Governor General's Award for Poetry.This poem resembles urban sprawl. This poem resembles the freedom to charge a fee. The fee occurs in the gaps. It is an event. It is not without precedent. It is a moment in which you pay money. It is a tribute to freedom of choice. Reality is a parking lot in Qatar. Reality is an airstrip in Malawi. Meanwhile the expressway encloses, the expressway round and around the perimeters like wagon trains circling the bonfire, all of them, guns pointed, Busby Berkeley in the night sky. Expressway exposes the paradox of modern mobility: the more roads and connections we build, the more separate we feel. Sina Queyras has written a bravely lyrical critique of our ethical and ecological imprint, a legacy easily blamed on corporations and commerce, but one we've allowed, through our tacit acquiescence, to overwhelm us. Every brush stroke, every bolt, and nut, every form and curve in our networks of oil and rubber, every thought and its material outcome - each decision can make or unmake us.
Éxtasis
by Gabriela MistralPoesía Portátil acoge en su colección a una de las voces más relevantes de la poesía del siglo XX: Gabriela Mistral. Premio Nobel de Literatura en 1945 En esta nueva entrega de la colección Poesía Portátil, se recopilan los mejores versos de Gabriela Mistral, aquella que hizo de la poesía la voz directa de su pueblo y de su mundo. No cabe duda de que se ha convertido en una poeta eterna cuya muerte no consiguió borrar su excepcional trabajo y su obra resuena más viva que nunca. Autora de una extensa obra que no deja de circular y acoger nuevas lecturas, fue también –además de poeta– pedagoga, viajera, intelectual, diplomática, emigrante y «madre queer de la nación». Merecedora del Premio Nobel en 1945, siendo la primera mujer iberoamericana y la segunda latinoamericana en recibirlo, Gabriela Mistral es una de las voces femeninas más relevantes de la poesía hispanoamericana del siglo XX. Una poeta indispensable en la biblioteca de cualquier lector. Esta edición, cuya selección ha ido a cargo de la escritora Luna Miguel, es una perfecta puerta de entrada a los singulares territorios de la mejor Mistral. «Siento micorazón en la dulzurafundirse como ceras:son un óleo tardoy no un vino mis venas,y siento que mi vida se va huyendo,callada y dulce como la gacela». La crítica ha dicho:«La poesía tierna y a veces feroz de Gabriela Mistral se me aparece en el horizonte de Occidente ataviada con sus singulares bellezas, pero, por otra parte, cargada de un sentido que le da o que le impone el estado crítico de las más nobles cosas del mundo.»Paul Valéry «La poesía dialogante de la Mistral reniega del poder del territorio, entabla una relación fluida con la tierra y nos deja como legado la posibilidad de acabar con los viejos modelos de sociedad. Es su modo de enseñarnos a mirarlo y pensarlo todo de otro modo, otra vez.»Lina Meruane «No hay otra voz en la poesía como la de Mistral, desde la claridad milagrosa de sus canciones de cuna, pasando por la furia ardiente de sus poemas de amor, hasta la oscura complejidad y el poder visionario de su obra tardía.»Ursula K. Le Guin«Por ese tiempo llegó a Temuco una señora alta, con vestidos muy largos y zapatos de taco bajo. Era la nueva directora del liceo de niñas. Venía de nuestra ciudad austral, de las nieves de Magallanes. Se llamaba Gabriela Mistral [...]. La vi muy pocas veces. Lo bastante para que cada vez saliera con algunos libros que me regalaba. Eran siempre novelas rusas que ella consideraba como lo más extraordinario de la literatura mundial. Puedo decir que Gabriela me embarcó en esa seria y terrible visión de los novelistas rusos y que Tolstoi, Dostoievski, Chejov... entraron en mi más profunda predilección. Siguen acompañándome.»Pablo Neruda
The Extinct Scene: Late Modernism and Everyday Life (Modernist Latitudes)
by Thomas DavisIn 1935, the English writer Stephen Spender wrote that the historical pressures of his era should "turn the reader's and writer's attention outwards from himself to the world." Combining historical, formalist, and archival approaches, Thomas S. Davis examines late modernism's decisive turn toward everyday life, locating in the heightened scrutiny of details, textures, and experiences an intimate attempt to conceptualize geopolitical disorder.The Extinct Scene reads a range of mid-century texts, films, and phenomena that reflect the decline of the British Empire and seismic shifts in the global political order. Davis follows the rise of documentary film culture and the British Documentary Film Movement, especially the work of John Grierson, Humphrey Jennings, and Basil Wright. He then considers the influence of late modernist periodical culture on social attitudes and customs, and presents original analyses of novels by Virginia Woolf, Christopher Isherwood, and Colin MacInnes; the interwar travel narratives of W. H. Auden, Christopher Isherwood, and George Orwell; the wartime gothic fiction of Elizabeth Bowen; the poetry of H. D.; the sketches of Henry Moore; and the postimperial Anglophone Caribbean works of Vic Reid, Sam Selvon, and George Lamming. By considering this group of writers and artists, Davis recasts late modernism as an art of scale: by detailing the particulars of everyday life, these figures could better project large-scale geopolitical events and crises.
The Extinct Scene
by Thomas S. DavisIn 1935, the English novelist Stephen Spender wrote that the historical pressures of his era should "turn the reader's and writer's attention outwards from himself to the world." Combining historical, formalist, and archival approaches, Thomas S. Davis examines late modernism's decisive turn toward everyday life, locating in the heightened scrutiny of details, textures, and experiences an intimate attempt to conceptualize geopolitical disorder. The Extinct Scene reads a range of mid-century texts, films, and phenomena that reflect the decline of the British Empire and seismic shifts in the global political order. Davis follows the rise of documentary film culture and the British Documentary Film Movement, especially the work of John Grierson, Humphrey Jennings, and Basil Wright. He then considers the influence of late modernist periodical culture on social attitudes and customs, and, through a more nuanced understanding of the period, conducts original analyses of novels by Virginia Woolf, Christopher Isherwood, and Colin MacInnes; the interwar travel narratives of W. H. Auden, Christopher Isherwood, and George Orwell; the wartime gothic fiction of Elizabeth Bowen; the poetry of H. D.; the sketches of Henry Moore; and the postimperial Anglophone Caribbean works of Vic Reid, Sam Selvon, and George Lamming. By considering this varied group of writers, artists, and cultural leaders, Davis recasts late modernism as an art of scale: by detailing the particulars of everyday life, the movement could better project the large-scale undoing of history.
Extra Hidden Life, among the Days (Wesleyan Poetry Series)
by Brenda HillmanBrenda Hillman begins her new book in a place of mourning and listening that is deeply transformative. By turns plain and transcendent, these poems meditate on trees, bacteria, wasps, buildings, roots, and stars, ending with twinned elegies and poems of praise that open into spaces that are both magical and archetypal for human imagination: forests and seashores. As always, Hillman’s vision is entirely original, her forms inventive and playful. At times the language turns feral as the poet feels her way toward other consciousnesses, into planetary time. This is poetry as a discipline of love and service to the world, whose lines shepherd us through grief and into an ethics of active resistance. Hillman’s prior books include Practical Water and Seasonal Works with Letters on Fire, which received the Griffin Prize for Poetry. Extra Hidden Life, Among the Days is a visionary and critically important work for our time. A free reader’s companion is available online at http://brendahillman.site.wesleyan.edu.
Extracting the Stone of Madness: Poems 1962 - 1972
by Yvette Siegert Alejandra PizarnikThe first full-length collection in English by one of Latin America's most significant twentieth-century poets. Revered by the likes of Octavio Paz and Roberto Bolano, Alejandra Pizarnik is still a hidden treasure in the U.S. Extracting the Stone of Madness: Poems 1962-1972 comprises all of her middle to late work, as well as a selection of posthumously published verse. Obsessed with themes of solitude, childhood, madness and death, Pizarnik explored the shifting valences of the self and the border between speech and silence. In her own words, she was drawn to "the suffering of Baudelaire, the suicide of Nerval, the premature silence of Rimbaud, the mysterious and fleeting presence of Lautréamont," as well as to the "unparalleled intensity" of Artaud's "physical and moral suffering."
Extreme Poetry: The South Asian Movement of Simultaneous Narration (South Asia Across the Disciplines)
by Michael BronnerBeginning in the sixth century C.E. and continuing for more than a thousand years, an extraordinary poetic practice was the trademark of a major literary movement in South Asia. Authors invented a special language to depict both the apparent and hidden sides of disguised or dual characters, and then used it to narrate India's major epics, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, simultaneously.Originally produced in Sanskrit, these dual narratives eventually worked their way into regional languages, especially Telugu and Tamil, and other artistic media, such as sculpture. Scholars have long dismissed simultaneous narration as a mere curiosity, if not a sign of cultural decline in medieval India. Yet Yigal Bronner's Extreme Poetry effectively negates this position, proving that, far from being a meaningless pastime, this intricate, "bitextual" technique both transcended and reinvented Sanskrit literary expression.The poems of simultaneous narration teased and estranged existing convention and showcased the interrelations between the tradition's foundational texts. By focusing on these achievements and their reverberations through time, Bronner rewrites the history of Sanskrit literature and its aesthetic goals. He also expands on contemporary theories of intertextuality, which have been largely confined to Western texts and practices.
Extreme Poetry: The South Asian Movement of Simultaneous Narration
by Yigal BronnerBeginning in the sixth century C.E. and continuing for more than a thousand years, an extraordinary poetic practice was the trademark of a major literary movement in South Asia. Authors invented a special language to depict both the apparent and hidden sides of disguised or dual characters, and then used it to narrate India's major epics, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, simultaneously. Originally produced in Sanskrit, these dual narratives eventually worked their way into regional languages, especially Telugu and Tamil, and other artistic media, such as sculpture. Scholars have long dismissed simultaneous narration as a mere curiosity, if not a sign of cultural decline in medieval India. Yet Yigal Bronner's Extreme Poetry effectively negates this position, proving that, far from being a meaningless pastime, this intricate, "bitextual" technique both transcended and reinvented Sanskrit literary expression. The poems of simultaneous narration teased and estranged existing convention and showcased the interrelations between the tradition's foundational texts. By focusing on these achievements and their reverberations through time, Bronner rewrites the history of Sanskrit literature and its aesthetic goals. He also expands on contemporary theories of intertextuality, which have been largely confined to Western texts and practices.
Exuberance: Poems
by Dolores HaydenTake flight with these dazzling persona poems telling the stories of daredevil pilots in the early days of aviation—from the author of American Yard. Daredevil pilots Lincoln Beachey, Betty Scott, Harriet Quimby, Ruth Law, Ormer Locklear, Bessie Coleman, and Clyde Pangborn fly at carnival altitudes to thrill millions of spectators who have never seen an airplane. In a lyrical sequence of persona poems, the pilots in Exuberance wonder how the experience of moving through the air will transform life on the ground. They learn to name the clouds, size up the winds, mix an Aviation Cocktail, perform a strange field landing, and make an emergency jump.&“Intoxicated with the history of aviation, Dolores Hayden has written a work of historical imagination that is vocally energetic, psychologically acute, and musically sophisticated. . . . The movement between lyrical speech and historical reflection gives us not only a portrait of the early years of the twentieth century, but a book in which technological advance is given a profoundly human voice.&” —Tom Sleigh, poet, dramatist, essayist, author of House of Fact, House of Ruin &“Exuberance is the word for this expansive and exciting collection, and also the word for the vanished earliest days of aviation it evokes, when flying was entertainment and adventure, not everyday transportation. Hayden brings to life a rollicking cast of birdmen and birdwomen, showmen and stunt pilots, producers and profiteers—and their entranced audiences and riders too. . . . Hayden&’s lush and energetic poems give us earthbound readers, used to shuttling from airport to airport, a sense of what that intoxication must have felt like.&” —Katha Pollitt, poet and columnist, author of The Mind-Body Problem
The Eye in the Ceiling
by Eugene B. RedmondThrough poetry, Redmond is constantly brewing words, distilling life's essences with such sincere passion, wisdom, love and commitment in order to fuel insights, reveal and dilate the closing pores of humanity to 'feel' the heat of Black Experience(s) since the leprous contact with the West.
Eye Level: Poems
by Jenny XieFINALIST FOR THE NATIONAL BOOK AWARD FOR POETRYWinner of the Walt Whitman Award of the Academy of American Poets, selected by Juan Felipe HerreraFor years now, I’ve been using the wrong palette.Each year with its itchy blue, as the bruise of solitude reaches its expiration date.Planes and buses, guesthouse to guesthouse.I’ve gotten to where I am by dint of my poor eyesight,my overreactive motion sickness.9 p.m., Hanoi’s Old Quarter: duck porridge and plum wine. Voices outside the door come to a soft boil.—from “Phnom Penh Diptych: Dry Season”Jenny Xie’s award-winning debut, Eye Level, takes us far and near, to Phnom Penh, Corfu, Hanoi, New York, and elsewhere, as we travel closer and closer to the acutely felt solitude that centers this searching, moving collection. Animated by a restless inner questioning, these poems meditate on the forces that moor the self and set it in motion, from immigration to travel to estranging losses and departures. The sensual worlds here—colors, smells, tastes, and changing landscapes—bring to life questions about the self as seer and the self as seen. As Xie writes, “Me? I’m just here in my traveler’s clothes, trying on each passing town for size.” Her taut, elusive poems exult in a life simultaneously crowded and quiet, caught in between things and places, and never quite entirely at home. Xie is a poet of extraordinary perception—both to the tangible world and to “all that is untouchable as far as the eye can reach.”
Eye Scream
by Henry Rollins"Work on Eye Scream started in 1986. I was crossing America constantly andexperiencing the morality shifts, attitudes, and rituals in different partsof the country - the difference in the way people were in the Bible Belt asopposed to New York City, the way blacks and whites interfaced, theintolerance of homosexuality, the morality plays. I started to become awareof how brutal the country is and how much ferocity, cruelty, and oppressionare inherent in the culture and how much of it was in me. I wanted todocument it and create a book that brought the whole thing to a boil and see where it left me off. In the summer of 1995, I finished the book and startedto edit. Re-reading the manuscript over and over, I realized all the things Ihad picked up over a decade of playing Devil's advocate and it was inspiringbecause it clearly defined who my enemies are. As an American, I feel itimpossible not to be infuriated by the way things are and have been. I refuseto be happy about the day-to-day and go along with it. There's too muchspitting in my face and too much spitting in the faces of people who don'tknow any other way of life. This book is brutal, and at times, funny. I knowthat I will probably get a ton of shit for Eye Scream. Enjoy, or betteryet... don't." ---- Henry Rollins
Eyes Like Pigeons
by Roberta ReesCo-winner of the 1992 Gerald Lampert Award. Winner of the 1992 Writers Guild of Alberta Award for Poetry Eyes Like Pigeons, Roberta Rees' long poem, comes back, always, to this: "… Thi' in Vietnamese means poetry." Thi, a Vietnamese refugee, is this book’s associational matrix; playing with the possibilities of her name, Rees writes of Thi, poetry both self-reflexive and self-reflective, and immensely different from that which idealizes women with cliches like the title of this volume. The poetry she finds through Thi is as harsh as it is beautiful; its content as sorrowful as the style is liberating, joyful.
Eyes with Winged Thoughts: Poems and Photographs
by Gordon ParksIn Eyes with Winged Thoughts, the forty-four photographs and fifty-eight poems, reflecting on his long and extraordinary life, offer a rare glimpse of his thoughts and feelings about everything from romantic love to the Iraq war and the passing of Pope John Paul II. He has done it all. Gordon Parks's life is an astonishing litany of firsts: in the 1940s he was the first African-American photographer to work for the Farm Security Administration and for Vogue and Life magazines; in the 1960s he would become the first African-American director of a major motion picture. A dominating figure in contemporary American culture, he is an artist of uncompromising vision and creativity. In 2002 Parks received the Jackie Robinson Foundation Lifetime Achievement Award and was inducted into the International Photography Hall of Fame, just the latest in a series of honors that began when he received a prestigious Julius Rosenwald Fellowship in 1941 and which now includes an Emmy, a National Medal of the Arts, and over fifty honorary doctorates. Now in his nineties, he could easily rest on his laurels, but the luminous photographs on display in Eyes with Winged Thoughts and the poems -- some meditative and lyrical, some raw with emotion about the war in Iraq and the tragedy of the tsunami -- show that he is still a true American Renaissance man.
Ezjakintasunak
by Gerardo Markuleta GutiérrezJakinaren gainean, ezjakina na-hiago askojakina baino. Bizi bakarra gutxiegi baita buruz bizitzen ikasteko. Dakiguntxoak ez, ez dakigunak adierazten gaitu ondoen.<P> Nabigazioak, jakina, barne kostaldeetan barrena jarraitzen du. Lur umeleko paisaiak dira: gizakiok, berbak eta atxikimenduak endredatuz, ehundu ohi ditugun tratu-molde zaharberrituak.<P> Gero, labur-laburraren esparrua: ekialdera gura gabe, haiku baino areago “kaiku” modukoak. Eta epigrama tankerako zenbait ziri-marra, ondoren.<P> Azkenik –baina ez atzenik–, beste hainbat irrigai: zirrikituez, hauskortasunaz eta artefaktu berbazkoak egiteko grina lagagaitz honetaz.
Ezra Pound
by Betsy ErkkilaNo one better symbolizes the course of modern literature its triumphs and defeats than Pound. From the dreaminess and aestheticism of his early poems, to his Imagist and Vorticist manifestos, to the formally experimental method and mythic engagement with history in The Cantos, Pound marks the path that modern and postmodern poetry would follow. This collection provides a documentary record of the reviews of Ezra Pound's work in contemporary journals and newspapers, an introduction that traces the public outrage and controversy that characterized Pound's reception, and checklists of all known reviews of Pound's work. Most of the major poets and critics of the twentieth-century reviewed Pound's work, including T. S. Eliot, Ford Maddox Ford, William Carlos Williams and Edmund Wilson. Their multiple, perplexed, and sometimes hostile responses to his work provide a rich record of the struggles that marked the emergence of modern and contemporary poetry and poetics.
F: Poems
by Franz WrightIn these riveting poems, Wright declares, "I've said all that / I had to say. / In writing. / I signed my name. / It's death's move." As he considers his mortality, the poet finds a new elation and clarity on the page, handing over for our examination the flawed yet kneeling-in-gratitude self he has become. F stands both for Franz, the poet-speaker who represents all of us on our baffling lifelong journeys, and for the alphabet, the utility and sometimes brutality of our symbols. (It may be, he jokes grimly, his "grade in life.") From "Entries of the Cell," the long central poem that details the loneliness of the single soul, to short narrative prose poems and traditional lyrics, Wright revels in the compensatory power of language, observing the daytime headlights following a hearse, or the wind, "blessing one by one the unlighted buds of the backbent peach tree's unnoted return." He is at his best in this beautiful and startling collection.ent peach tree's unnoticed return." He is at his best in this beautiful and startling collection. From the Hardcover edition.
F*ck You Haiku: Little Breakup Poems to Help You Vent, Heal, and Move On
by Kristina GrishGet through any relationship split with this collection of relatable, impassioned, and irreverent breakup haikus.When her marriage came to a sudden and infuriating end, celebrated relationship columnist Kristina Grish found solace in a unique outlet—penning fiery breakup haikus. Now, she shares her cathartic creations in a compilation designed to guide you through the wreckage of your split. In F*ck You Haiku, Kristina has compiled more than 100 breakup haikus— drawing inspiration from her own tumultuous love affairs and universal experiences that strike a chord with us all. These poetic gems serve as a lifeline for anyone grappling with heartbreak, providing a cathartic path to healing. Representing a range of emotions and clever ways to vent about your ex, these haikus are entertaining and enraging, as well as enlightening and empowering. So, if you&’re currently going through a breakup—whether you did the deed or are on the receiving end of it—let this collection of inventive poems help you say &“f*ck you&” to that special someone and eventually &“love you&” to yourself.
F U Haiku
by Beth Quinlan Perry TaylorEnough already. The Mary Sunshine act has got to go. The economy sucks, unemployment has reached an all-time high, and the ozone is beyond repair. But when all feels futile, there’s this hilarious compilation of 200-plus rants that give you permission to ditch the rose-colored glasses and have a satisfying laugh at the expense of those who piss you off.From spiteful sex and workplace BS to road rage and famous F Us, you’ll find humorous verbal bitch-slaps to any and all of life’s most annoying and abusive moments.Think of it as therapy, with an edge.
Fables of Representation
by Paul HooverFrom the acclaimed author of Winter (Mirror) and Rehearsal in Black, Fables of Representation is a powerful collection of essays on the state of contemporary poetry, free from the stultifying theoretical jargon of recent literary history. With its title essay, "Fables of Representation," one of the most cogent studies ever written of the New York School of poets (a group that includes the influential poet John Ashbery), this book is required reading for anyone who seeks to understand the poetry and culture of the postmodern period. Author Paul Hoover's wide-ranging subjects include African-American interdisciplinary studies; the position of poetry in the electronic age; the notion of doubleness in the work of Harryette Mullen and others; the lyricism of the New York School poets; and the role of reality in American poetry. Hoover also introduces two provocative essays sure to generate attention and discussion: "The Postmodern Era: A Final Exam" and "The New Millennium: Fifty Statements on Literature and Culture."