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A History of Housing in New York City (Columbia History of Urban Life)
by Richard PlunzSince its emergence in the mid-nineteenth century as the nation's "metropolis," New York has faced the most challenging housing problems of any American city, but it has also led the nation in innovation and reform. The horrors of the tenement were perfected in New York at the same time that the very rich were building palaces along Fifth Avenue; public housing for the poor originated in New York, as did government subsidies for middle-class housing.A standard in the field since its publication in 1992, A History of Housing in New York City traces New York's housing development from 1850 to the present in text and profuse illustrations. Richard Plunz explores the housing of all classes, with comparative discussion of the development of types ranging from the single-family house to the high-rise apartment tower. His analysis is placed within the context of the broader political and cultural development of New York City. This revised edition extends the scope of the book into the city's recent history, adding three decades to the study, covering the recent housing bubble crisis, the rebound and gentrification of the five boroughs, and the ecological issues facing the next generation of New Yorkers. More than 300 illustrations are integrated throughout the text, depicting housing plans, neighborhood changes, and city architecture over the past 130 years. This new edition also features a foreword by the distinguished urban historian Kenneth T. Jackson.
A History of Human Rights Society in Singapore: 1965-2015 (Politics in Asia)
by Jiyoung SongTo celebrate Singapore’s fiftieth anniversary for its independence from Malaysia in 2015, 35 students, academics and activists came together to discuss and write about pioneering Singaporean human rights activists and their under-reported stories in Singapore. The city-state is known for its remarkable economic success while having strict laws on individual freedom in the name of national security, public order and racial harmony. Singapore’s tough stance on human rights, however, does not negate the long and persistent existence of a human rights society that is little known to the world until today. This volume, composed of nine distinctive chapters, records a history of human rights activists, their campaigns, main contentions with the government, survival strategies and other untold stories in Singapore’s first 50 years of state-building.
A History of International Thought: From the Origins of the Modern State to Academic International Relations
by Lucian AshworthInternational thought is the product of major political changes over the last few centuries, especially the development of the modern state and the industrialisation of the world economy. While the question of how to deal with strangers from other communities has been a constant throughout human history, it is only in recent centuries that the question of ‘foreign relations’ (and especially imperialism and war) have become a matter of urgency for all sectors of society throughout the world. This book provides the first comprehensive overview of the evolution of Western international thought, and charts how this evolved into the predominantly Anglophone field of International Relations. Along the way several myths of the origins of International Relations are explored and exposed: the myth of the peace of Westphalia, the myths of Versailles and the nature of the League of Nations, the realist-idealist ‘Great Debate’ myth, and the myth of appeasement. Major approaches to the study of international affairs are discussed within their context and on their own terms, rather than being shoe-horned into anachronistic ‘paradigms’. Written in a clear and accessible style, Ashworth’s analysis reveals how historical myths have been used as gatekeeping devices, and how a critical re-evaluation of the history of international thought can affect how we see international affairs today.
A History of Ireland Under the Union: 1801-1922 (Routledge Revivals)
by P. S. O'HegartyOriginally published in 1952, A History of Ireland Under the Union was written by an historian who played an active part in the political events of the later part of the period. In Ireland there are two national traditions: that of the Kingdom of the Gael, established at the end of the 4th Century A.D. and the other colonial tradition evolved by the descendants of various generations of Planters from England. The book provides a full account of 19th Century Irish history and shows how the colonial nationalists discarded their nationalism after 1801 and how the emerging Gael, under Daniel O’ Connell adopted and fused the two traditions into an Irish national tradition which was vitalised by Irish literature and culture. Containing much original source material the book throws light on aspects of Irish history whose significance is often overlooked such as the part played by the RIC and the Secret Societies in Ireland and the USA.
A History of Law and Lawyers in the GATT/WTO
by Gabrielle MarceauHow did a treaty that emerged in the aftermath of World War II and barely survived its early years evolve into one of the most influential organizations in international law? This unique book brings together original contributions from an unprecedented number of eminent current and former GATT and WTO staff members--including many current and former Appellate Body members--to trace the history of law and lawyers in the GATT/WTO and explore how the nature of legal work has changed over the institution's sixty-year history. It paints a fascinating portrait of the development of the rule of law in the multilateral trading system and allows some of the most important names in GATT and WTO history to share their stories and reflect on the WTO's remarkable journey from a "provisionally applied treaty" to an international organization defined by its commitment to the rule of law. This volume provides a new perspective on the role of law and lawyers in the GATT/WTO Secretariats that highlights the multiple roles of lawyers and non-lawyers in enhancing the rule of law in the multilateral trading system.
A History of Law in Canada, Vol. 1: Beginnings to 1866 (Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History #1)
by R. Blake Brown Philip Girard Jim PhillipsThis book is the first of two volumes devoted to the history of law in Canada. This volume begins at a time just prior to European contact and continues to the 1860s, while volume two will start with Confederation and end at approximately 2000. The history of law includes substantive law, legal institutions, legal actors and legal culture. The book assumes that since 1500 there have been three legal systems in Canada – the Indigenous, the French, and the English. At all times, these systems have co-existed and interacted, with the relative power and influence of each being more or less dominant in different periods. The history of law cannot be treated in isolation, and this book examines law as a dynamic process, shaped by and affecting other histories over the long term. The law guided and was guided by economic developments, was influenced and moulded by the nature and trajectory of political ideas and institutions, and variously exacerbated and mediated by inter-cultural exchange and conflict. These themes are apparent in this examination, and through most areas of law including family law, constitutional, commercial, land settlement and tenure, and criminal.
A History of Law in Canada, Volume Two: Law for a New Dominion, 1867–1914 (Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History)
by R. Blake Brown Philip Girard Jim PhillipsThis is the second of three volumes in an important collection that recounts the sweeping history of law in Canada. The period covered in this volume witnessed both continuity and change in the relationships among law, society, Indigenous peoples, and white settlers. The authors explore how law was as important to the building of a new urban industrial nation as it had been to the establishment of colonies of agricultural settlement and resource exploitation. The book addresses the most important developments in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries, including legal pluralism and the co-existence of European and Indigenous law. It pays particular attention to the Métis and the Red River Resistance, the Indian Act, and the origins and expansion of residential schools in Canada. The book is divided into four parts: the law and legal institutions; Indigenous peoples and Dominion law; capital, labour, and criminal justice; and those less favoured by the law. A History of Law in Canada examines law as a dynamic process, shaped by and affecting other histories over the long term.
A History of Local Government (Routledge Library Editions: Government)
by K. B. SmellieOriginally published in 1946, this book traces the essential changes in structure, areas and in the relations between local and central authorities in England from 1832 to the Education Act of 1944. Modern English local government has developed from the industrial and scientific revolution and the growth of political democracy since 1832 and the present system is the result of an interplay between political, economic and scientific factors. The book contains a stand-alone chapter on London government and an introductory chapter on the condition of local government between 1689 and 1832.
A History of Local Government in the Twentieth Century (Routledge Revivals)
by Peter G. Richards Bryan Keith-LucasOriginally published in 1978, this book covers all aspects of the development of local authorities; the changing types of people who worked in them – solicitors, trade unionists, politicians and reformers; the growing influence of political parties in local affairs; the widening concept of the purpose of local government and the attendant financial problems; the partnership and conflict with central government; the rise of the associations of local authorities and their influence over the many proposals to change the structure of local government in the late 20th Century.
A History of London's Prisons
by Geoffrey HowseThe author of The A-Z of London Murders takes readers behind the bars of the city’s numerous jails and tells the tales of their most infamous inmates. London has had more prisons than any other British city. The City’s “gates” once contained prisons but probably the most notorious of all was Newgate, which stood for over seven hundred years. The eleventh-century Tower of London was used as a prison for a variety of high profile prisoners from Sir Thomas More to the Krays. Discover the background of a variety of historic places of incarceration such as the Clink, the King’s Bench Prison, and debtors’ prisons such as the Fleet Prison and the Marshalsea. “Lost” prisons such as the Gatehouse in Westminster, Millbank Penitentiary, Surrey County Gaol in Horsemonger Lane, the House of Detention, Coldbath Fields Prison, and Tothill Fields Bridewell Prison are also described in detail; as are more familiar jails: Holloway, Pentonville, Brixton, Wandsworth, and Wormwood Scrubs. In A History of London’s Prisons, Geoffrey Howse delves not only into the intricate web of historical facts detailing the origins of the capital’s prisons but also includes fascinating detail concerning the day-to-day life of prisoners—from the highly born to the most despicable human specimens imaginable—as well as those less fortunate individuals who found themselves through no fault of their own “in the clink,” some soon becoming clients of the hangman or executioner.
A History of Medieval Political Thought: 300–1450
by Joseph CanningIncorporating research previously unavailable in English, this clear guide gives a synthesis of the latest scholarship providing the historical and intellectual context for political ideas. This accessible and lucid guide to medieval political thought * gives a synthesis of the latest scholarship* incorporates the results of research until now unavailable in English* focuses on the crucial primary source material* provides the historical and intellectual context for political ideas. The book covers four periods, each with a different focus: * 300-750 - Christian ideas of rulership * 750-1050 - the Carolingian period and its aftermath* 1050-1290 - the relationship between temporal and spiritual power, and the revived legacy of antiquity* 1290-1450 - the confrontation with political reality in ideas of church and of state, and in juristic thought. Canning has produced an ideal introductory text for undergraduate and postgraduate students of the period.
A History of Medieval Political Thought: 300–1450
by Joseph CanningFirst Published in 2005. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
A History of Modern Tunisia
by Kenneth PerkinsKenneth Perkins' book traces the history of Tunisia from the mid-nineteenth century to the present. After initially examining the years of French colonial rule from 1881 to 1956, when the Tunisians achieved independence, he describes the subsequent process of state-building, including the design of political and economic structures and the promotion of a social and cultural agenda. In conclusion, Perkins reviews the years since 1987, when a new regime came to power. Perkins' informed introduction is a necessity for those who study the region, and also for travellers who want more comprehensive information than most guidebooks offer. Kenneth Perkins is Professor of History at the University of South Carolina. He has worked extensively on North Africa and his research has taken him across the region. His publications include two editions of the Historical Dictionary of Tunisia (Rowman & Littlefield, 1997, 1989), Port Sudan: The Evolution of a Colonial City (Westview Press, 1993), Tunisia: Crossroads of the Islamic and European Worlds (Westview Press, 1986), and Qaids, Captains & Colons: French Military Administration in the Colonial Maghrib, 1844-1934 (Africana Pub, 1981).
A History of Modern Urban Operations
by Gregory Fremont-BarnesThis book investigates the complexities of modern urban operations—a particularly difficult and costly method of fighting, and one that is on the rise. Contributors examine the lessons that emerge from a range of historical case studies, from nineteenth-century precedents to the Battle of Shanghai; Stalingrad, German town clearance, Mandalay, and Berlin during World War II; and from the Battle of Algiers to the Battle for Fallujah in 2004. Each case study illuminates the features that differentiate urban operations from fighting in open areas, and the factors that contribute to success and failure. The volume concludes with reflections on the key challenges of urban warfare in the twenty-first century and beyond.
A History of Money
by Alan Pauls Ellie RobinsA major new novel from the writer Roberto Bolaño called "one of the best living Latin American writers" Alan Pauls, one of Latin American literature's rising stars, combines the intimate and the political in a novel that, although it is set in Argentina in the 1970s and '80s, will bring to mind books like Choire Sicha's Very Recent History and Sam Lipsyte's The Ask in its subtle, brilliant depiction of the place of money in its protagonists' lives. It begins with a body: a top executive of an iron and steel company dies after his helicopter, travelling toward the factory where he is due to meet with striking workers, plummets into the river. The briefcase full of money which he was carrying disappears without a trace. Accident, or assassination? And where is the money? A History of Money revolves around this event, as does the imagination and memory of the unnamed protagonist of the novel, who returns over and over to it even as he reflects on the role of money in his family and his own life. His parents are divorced: his father is a gambler who plays in all-night poker games and carries around all of his money in a wad of cash; his mother is a socialite who squanders her inherited fortune on a lavish lifestyle. Our protagonist, for his part, pays--in every sense of the word. And his individual story is echoed in the larger story of Argentina in the 1970s and '80s, where money is everything: promise and punishment, dream and disaster. An intensely evocative novel from one of the world's most exciting new writers.From the Hardcover edition.
A History of Nationalism in the East (Routledge Revivals)
by Hans KohnFirst published in 1929, A History of Nationalism in the East brings together in one truly fascinating volume a mass of information hitherto scattered and partly unavailable. Hans Kohn sums up the general situation in his Introduction. He tells us that the World War I produced three great communities of interest, distinct and, to some extent, mutually antagonistic. The first was that of the continent of Europe, barring Russia, which was faced with the necessity for the gradual breaking down of national boundaries, for political, financial, and economic reasons. The second was that of the Anglo-Saxon people, the United States, Great Britain, Canada, Australia, and South Africa. This had to face Soviet Russia on the one hand, and the Oriental, the third, community of interests on the other. Here he sketches suggestively the development of the nationalist movement in Islam, India, Egypt, Turkey, Arabia, and Persia. The language used is a reflection of its era and no offence is meant by the Publishers to any reader by this republication. This book will be of interest to students of history, political science, international relations, and geography.
A History of Orthodox, Islamic, and Western Christian Political Values
by Dennis J. DunnThe book reveals the nexus between religion and politics today and shows that we live in an interdependent world where one global civilization is emerging and where the world's peoples are continuing to coalesce around a series of values that contain potent Western overtones. Both Putin's Orthodox Russia and regions under the control of such Islamist groups like ISIS and Al Qaeda resent and attempt, in a largely languishing effort, to frustrate this series of values. The book explains the current tension between the West and Russia and parts of the Muslim world and sheds light on the causes of such crises as the Syrian Civil War, Russia's aggression against Ukraine, and acts of terrorism such as 9/11 and the ISIS-inspired massacres in Paris. It shows that religion continues to affect global order and that knowledge of its effect on political identity and global governance should guide both government policy and scholarly analysis of contemporary history.
A History of Peace in Dayton, Ohio
by Tammy NewsomWhile the Gem City is better known as the birthplace of aviation, Dayton has an impressive history of working toward peace. Generations of Daytonians worked passionately to create a nonviolent and welcoming community to inspire others. Abolitionists assisted escaped slaves from one Underground checkpoint to the next. Quakers peacefully abstained from war and chartered several colleges in the Dayton area. The Wright brothers invented the airplane to end all wars, and the landmark Dayton Peace Accords famously ended the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Author Tammy Newsom explores the inventiveness, compassion and courage of the men and women who have made Dayton a city of peace.
A History of Political Scandals: Sex, Sleaze And Spin
by Andy K. HughesA must-have guide to the scandalous behavior of politicians around the world. Andy Hughes&’s fascinating book guides us through centuries of political abuse—and just plain stupidity. This pocket guide exposes the secret side of politics, including politicians who risked or ruined their own careers for personal gain. Stories include the MP who liked to party hard and be whipped even harder; the prime minister and his hookers; expenses claims for manure; and the US president who called for all gay men to be castrated. Politicians have mixed scandal with eggs, adult movies, helicopters, drugs, shoes, beef burgers, public toilets, mobile phones, rape, turkeys, orgies, and even ice cream. And it&’s not just today&’s politicians who are embroiled with scandal. This explosive book reveals the questionable behavior of politicians of yesteryear from around the world.
A History of Political Thought in the 16th Century (Routledge Library Editions: Political Science #16)
by J. W. AllenThis presentation of the main phases and features of political thought in the sixteenth century is based on an exhaustive study of contemporary writings in Latin, English, French, German and Italian. The book is divided into four parts. The first part deals with the new thought of Protestantism. The rest describes special ideas that emerged in England, France and Italy.
A History of Political Thought: Property, Labor, and Commerce from Plato to Piketty
by Jefferey BercusonA History of Political Thought is an accessible introduction to the history of political and economic thought; its main focus is the rise, and eventual consolidation, of modern market society. It asks: What are the effects of private property and commerce on individual well-being and on the stability of the political community? A History of Political Thought answers this central question through the careful study of political philosophers and economists, from ancient Greece to the twenty-first century. The book does not have an ideological agenda and gives equal voice to thinkers on opposite sides of the political spectrum. This is one of its key merits and a mark of distinction: its willingness to treat stark opponents – Hobbes and Locke, Smith and Marx, Keynes and Hayek, among others – as equally worthy of serious study. In doing so, the book provides students with a very powerful arsenal of ideas about the evolution of the market and also provides a solid introduction to the history of political thought.
A History of Private Bill Legislation: (2 Volume Set)
by Frederick CliffordThis is Volume II of two of a history of the private bill legislation originally published in 1887. Meant by the author as serving as a Jubilee record of the Queen Victoria’s reign, it covers the topics of highways, the water supply of London from the seventeenth century, local authorities before and after the Conquest, corporation of the City of London, Marine life and fire insurance, the Docks on the Thames, Fees on private bills and preliminary inquiries and public legislation.
A History of Rhodesia (Routledge Revivals)
by Robert BlakeFirst published in 1977, A History of Rhodesia is a history of the origins and course of modern European occupation of ‘Southern Rhodesia’, ‘Rhodesia’ as it has been termed since the old ‘Northern Rhodesia’ became independent under the name Zambia in 1963. Robert Blake describes the years of the Monomotapa; the Portuguese occupation in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; the Ndebele kingdom of the nineteenth century; the advent of Cecil Rhodes and the establishment of the Chartered Company which ruled Rhodesia until 1922; the period Southern Rhodesia enjoyed a self-governing colony from 1923 to 1951; the years of the Central African Federation from 1953 to its dissolution in 1963; and finally the dramatic course of events which led to Ian Smith’s government making a unilateral declaration of independence in 1965. The years since UDI are covered by a long epilogue that takes the story forward to the early months of 1977.Rhodesian history is a strange and intriguing compound of romance, idealism, courage, arrogance, avarice and accident. Rhodesia’s story is not only that of economic, political, ideological and external forces which have shaped it—it is also that of the individuals who made—or failed to make decisions: Rhodes, Lobengula, Jameson, Lord Malvern, Roy Welensky, Garfield Todd, Joshua Nkomo, Ian Smith.Written with access to many collections of papers not normally available to historians, Robert Blake’s book is a major contribution to the history of colonial and post-colonial Africa.
A History of Russia and its Empire: From Mikhail Romanov to Vladimir Putin
by Kees BoterbloemThis clear and focused text provides an introduction to imperial Russian and Soviet history from the crowning of Mikhail Romanov in 1613 to Vladimir Putin's new term. Through a consistent chronological narrative, Kees Boterbloem considers the political, military, economic, social, religious, and cultural developments and crucial turning points that led Russia from an exotic backwater to superpower stature in the twentieth century. The author assesses the tremendous price paid by those who made Russia and the Soviet Union into such a hegemonic power, both locally and globally. He considers the complex and varied interactions between Russians and non-Russians and investigates the reasons for the remarkable longevity of this last of the colonial powers, whose dependencies were not granted independence until 1991. He explores the ongoing legacies of this fraught decolonization process on the Russian Federation itself and on the other states that succeeded the Soviet Union. The only text designed and written specifically for a one-semester course on this four-hundred-year period, it will appeal to all readers interested in learning more about the history of the people who have inhabited one-sixth of the earth's landmass for centuries.
A History of Rwanda: From the Monarchy to Post-genocidal Justice (Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Africa)
by Klaus BachmannA History of Rwanda: From the Monarchy to Post-genocidal Justice provides a complete history of Rwanda, from the precolonial abanyiginya kingdom, through the German and Belgian colonial periods and subsequent independence, and then the devastating 1994 genocide and reconstruction, right up to the modern day. Based on extensive archival research, this book provides new insights and corrects many popular stereotypes about Rwanda, aiming to go beyond the polarized and heated debates focused on the genocide and the events that followed. Readers will get a clear and broad picture of Rwanda’s history and the social and political contexts that have defined the county from the pre-colonial period onwards. Embedding Rwanda’s history in the regional context, this book avoids simple moral judgements and instead shows where and when Rwanda differed from its neighbours and how the country’s history fits into larger debates about colonialism, genocide, ethnicity, race and development. Offering a full and balanced exploration of Rwanda’s rich and paradoxical history, this book will be an important read for researchers and students of African history, genocide studies, transitional justice, colonialism, and political and social anthropology.