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Multiculturalism Question: Debating Identity in 21st Century Canada
by Jack JedwabCanada's policy of multiculturalism has been the object of ongoing debate since it was first introduced in 1971. Decades later, Canadians still seem uncertain about the meaning of multiculturalism. Detractors insist that government has not succeeded in discouraging immigrants and their descendants from preserving their cultures of origin, undercutting a necessary identification with Canada, while supporters argue that immigrant groups' abilities to influence their adjustments to Canada has strengthened their sense of belonging. Beyond what often seems to be a polarized debate is a broad spectrum of opinion around multiculturalism in Canada and what it means to be Canadian. The Multiculturalism Question analyzes the policy, ideology, and message of multiculturalism. Several of Canada's leading thinkers provide valuable insights into a crucial debate that will inevitably continue well into the future.
Multiculturalism Question: Debating Identity in 21st Century Canada (Queen's Policy Studies Series #182)
by Jack JedwabCanada's policy of multiculturalism has been the object of ongoing debate since it was first introduced in 1971. Decades later, Canadians still seem uncertain about the meaning of multiculturalism. Detractors insist that government has not succeeded in discouraging immigrants and their descendants from preserving their cultures of origin, undercutting a necessary identification with Canada, while supporters argue that immigrant groups' abilities to influence their adjustments to Canada has strengthened their sense of belonging. Beyond what often seems to be a polarized debate is a broad spectrum of opinion around multiculturalism in Canada and what it means to be Canadian. The Multiculturalism Question analyzes the policy, ideology, and message of multiculturalism. Several of Canada's leading thinkers provide valuable insights into a crucial debate that will inevitably continue well into the future.
Multiculturalism and Conflict Reconciliation in the Asia-Pacific: Migration, Language And Politics
by Kosuke Shimizu William S. BradleyMulticulturalism and Conflict Reconciliation in the Asia-Pacific: Migration, Language and Politics
Multiculturalism and Democracy in North Africa: Aftermath of the Arab Spring (Routledge Studies in Middle Eastern Politics)
by Moha EnnajiInvestigating the connections between multiculturalism, minorities, citizenship, and democracy in North Africa, this book argues that multiculturalism in this region– and in the Arab world at large – has reached a significant level in terms of scale and importance. In the rest of the world, there has been a trend – albeit a contested one – toward a greater recognition of minority rights. The Arab world however, particularly North Africa, seems to be an exception to this trend, as Arab states continue to promote highly unitary and homogenizing ideas of nationhood and state unity, whilst discouraging, or even forbidding, minority political mobilization. The central theoretical premise of this book is that North Africa is a multicultural region, where culture is inherently linked to politics, religion, gender, and society, and a place where democracy is gradually taking root despite many political and economic hurdles. Addressing the lacuna in literature on this issue, this book opens new avenues of thought and research on diversity, linking policy based on cultural difference to democratic culture and to social justice. Multiculturalism and Democracy in North Africa will be of use to students and researchers with an interest in Sociology, Cultural Studies, and Political Science more broadly.
Multiculturalism and Moral Conflict (Routledge Innovations in Political Theory)
by Maria Dimova-Cookson Peter StirkMulticulturalism is higher on the daily political agenda than it has ever been. Leading politicians and public commentators speak with an unparalleled bluntness about the perceived limitations of multiculturalism while representatives of cultural, minorities express concern about marginalisation. This debate is taking place against a background of fear about terrorism, the integrity of national identities and a loosely construed ‘clash of civilizations’. Secularism is pitted against religious fundamentalism, respect for difference against the right of freedom of speech, integration against self-determination, and duties of citizenship against minority rights. This book confronts the reality of moral conflict in the debate on multiculturalism while resisting the simplification which too frequently accompanies daily commentary on both sides of an increasingly polarised debate. The volume as a whole marks an important step in the attempt to examine the underlying concepts, of the nature and legitimate extent of disagreement, of secularism, the nature of power, the state and citizenship, which inevitably constitute key assumptions in the debate. Bringing together leading scholars on multiculturalism: Gerald Gaus, Peter Jones, John Horton, Tariq Modood, Chandran Kukathas, Bhikhu Parekh, Matthew Festenstein and Cecile Laborde, this book discusses the latest developments in the field. It will be of strong interest students and scholars of multiculturalism, political science, political theory, international relations, sociology, philosophy and anthropology.
Multiculturalism and Multilingualism at the Crossroads of School Leadership: Exploring leadership theory, policy, and practice for diverse schools (Policy Implications of Research in Education #11)
by Jon C. Veenis Sylvia Robertson Jami Royal BerryThis volume builds upon emergent understandings about educational leadership and policy in hopes of continuing to refine our understanding of what effective leadership means in linguistically and culturally diverse school contexts. The volume seeks to entrench a deeper understanding of the broader leadership policies and practices that promote the success of linguistically and culturally diverse students, while also recognizing that effective leadership can be highly dependent on context. It offers original empirical research that enhances an understanding of the interdependencies between leadership, culture, language, and policy (i.e., the mechanisms that engender or hinder successful stewardship of linguistic and cultural plurality). The confluence of school leadership, linguistic diversity, and multiculturalism makes this volume unique, especially considering the pace at which global migration continues to accelerate, coupled with the need to accommodate an array of diverse learning needs in today’s schools.
Multiculturalism and Religious Identity
by Sonia Sikka Lori G. BeamanHow, and to what extent, can religion be included within commitments to multiculturalism? Multiculturalism and Religious Identity addresses this question by examining the political recognition and management of religious identity in Canada and India. In multicultural policy, practice, and literature, religion has until recently not been included within broader discussions of multiculturalism, perhaps due to worries of potential for conflict with secularism. This collection undertakes a contemporary analysis of how the Canadian and Indian states each approach religious diversity through social and political policies, as well as how religion and secularism meet both philosophically and politically in contested public space. Although Canada and India have differing political and religious histories - leading to different articulations of multiculturalism, religious diversity, and secularism - both countries share a commitment to ensuring fair treatment for the different religious communities they include. Combining broader theoretical and normative reflections with close case studies, Multiculturalism and Religious Identity leads the way to addressing these timely issues in the Canadian and Indian contexts.
Multiculturalism and Religious Identity: Canada and India
by Sonia Sikka Lori G. BeamanHow, and to what extent, can religion be included within commitments to multiculturalism? Multiculturalism and Religious Identity addresses this question by examining the political recognition and management of religious identity in Canada and India. In multicultural policy, practice, and literature, religion has until recently not been included within broader discussions of multiculturalism, perhaps due to worries of potential for conflict with secularism. This collection undertakes a contemporary analysis of how the Canadian and Indian states each approach religious diversity through social and political policies, as well as how religion and secularism meet both philosophically and politically in contested public space. Although Canada and India have differing political and religious histories - leading to different articulations of multiculturalism, religious diversity, and secularism - both countries share a commitment to ensuring fair treatment for the different religious communities they include. Combining broader theoretical and normative reflections with close case studies, Multiculturalism and Religious Identity leads the way to addressing these timely issues in the Canadian and Indian contexts.
Multiculturalism in Canada: Constructing a Model Multiculture with Multicultural Values (Recovering Political Philosophy)
by Hugh Donald ForbesMulticulturalism is often thought to be defined by its commitment to diversity, inclusivity, sensitivity, and tolerance, but these established values sometimes require contrary practices of homogenization, exclusion, insensitivity, and intolerance. Multiculturalism in Canada clarifies what multiculturalism is by relating it to more basic principles of equality, freedom, recognition, authenticity, and openness. Forbes places both official Canadian multiculturalism and Quebec's semi-official interculturalism in their historical and constitutional setting, examines their relations to liberal democratic core values, and outlines a variety of practical measures that would make Canada a more open country and a better illustration of what a commitment to egalitarian cultural pluralism now means. Consisting of a series of connected essays-including careful considerations of the works of Will Kymlicka and Charles Taylor-this book provides the first comprehensive account of multiculturalism in Canada.
Multiculturalism in Education and Teaching: The selected works of Carl A. Grant
by Carl A. GrantIn the World Library of Educationalists series, international experts compile career-long collections of what they judge to be their finest pieces – extracts from books, key article, salient research findings, major theoretical and practical contributions – so the world can read them in a single manageable volume. Readers will be able to follow the themes and strands and see how their work contributes to the development of the field. Carl A. Grant has spent the last 35 years researching, teaching, thinking and writing about some of the key enduring issues in multicultural education. He has contributed to a multitude of books and articles, and is former President of the National Association for Multicultural Education. In his selected works, Carl Grant brings together 14 of his key writings in one place. Starting with a specially written Introduction, which gives an overview of his career and contextualises his selection within the development of the field, the book is divided into three parts: - Race and Educational Equity - Theorizing Multicultural Education - Multicultural Teacher Education. This book not only shows how Carl Grant’s thinking developed during his long and distinguished career, it also gives an insight into the development of the fields to which he contributed.
Multiculturalism in Practice: Irish, Jewish, Italian and Pakistani Migration to Scotland (Routledge Revivals)
by Suzanne AudreyThis title was first published in 2000. Patterns of racism and disadvantage vary throughout Britain, yet most British research continues to focus on data from England and Wales. This Scottish study allows distinctions to emerge which contribute to our understanding of the complex processes of discrimination and integration. Looking first at the history of Irish, Jewish and Italian migration to Scotland, attention is then focused on the Pakistani population. Whilst acknowledging the persistence of racism, the author uses original quantitative and qualitative data to examine the ways in which immigrants and their descendants assert their priorities. The book questions whether focusing on minority ethnic groups as victims of racism is the most effective strategy in undermining exclusionary practices.
Multiculturalism in Turbulent Times (Asia-Europe Education Dialogue)
by Christine HalseThis book interrogates politics and practices of multiculturalism and multicultural education in contexts where liberal and critical multiculturalism is under pressure. It examines and interrogates perspectives on multiculturalism and the political and social to diversity in societies in Asia and Europe. It is set against a background of increasing right wing radicalism and pervasive authoritarianism in different parts of the world. These ideologies not only undermine multiculturalism but the potential of democracy itself. The book includes chapters from leading scholars on multiculturalism, interculturalism and diversity around the world. It examines the challenges to multicultural diversity in the Global North, and makes a distinctive contribution by addressing this issue in the Global South societies of Asia, including Myanmar, China, and Pakistan. As such, this book opens up international debate about multiculturalism by providing exchanges rarely heard across borders.
Multiculturalism in Turkey: The Kurds and the State
by Durukan KuzuOver the past couple of decades, there have been many efforts to seek a solution to the often violent situation in which Kurdish citizens of Turkey find themselves. These efforts have included a gradual programme of political recognition and multiculturalism. Here, Durukan Kuzu examines the case of Kurdish citizens in Turkey through the lens of the global debate on multiculturalism, exploring the limitations of these policies. He thereby challenges the conventional thinking about national minorities and their autonomy, and offers a scientifically grounded comparative framework for the study of multiculturalism. Through comparison of the situation of Kurds in Turkey with that of other national minorities - such as the Flemish in Belgium, Québécois in Canada, Corsicans in France, and Muslims in Greece - the reader is invited to question in what forms multiculturalism can work for different national minorities. A bottom-up approach is used to offer a fresh insight into the Kurdish community and to highlight conflicting views about which form the politics of recognition could take. Approaches multiculturalism in Turkey in an original light, going beyond existing approaches to offer a new critical perspective; Bridges the gap between political theory and social science in the context of self-government and national minorities; Addresses the political accommodation of the Kurds in Turkey.
Multiculturalism in the British Commonwealth: Comparative Perspectives on Theory and Practice
by Mark Bevir Richard T. AshcroftA free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org. Multiculturalism as a distinct form of liberal-democratic governance gained widespread acceptance after World War II, but in recent years this consensus has been fractured. Multiculturalism in the British Commonwealth examines cultural diversity across the postwar Commonwealth, situating modern multiculturalism in its national, international, and historical contexts. Bringing together practitioners from across the humanities and social sciences to explore the legal, political, and philosophical issues involved, these essays address common questions: What is postwar multiculturalism? Why did it come about? How have social actors responded to it? In addition to chapters on Australia, Britain, Canada, and New Zealand, this volume also covers India, Malaysia, Nigeria, Singapore, and Trinidad, tracing the historical roots of contemporary dilemmas back to the intertwined legacies of imperialism and liberalism. In so doing it demonstrates that multiculturalism has implications that stretch far beyond its current formulations in public and academic discourse.
Multiculturalism on the Mend?: The Political Left and Ethnic Minorities in Liberal Democracies (Palgrave Politics of Identity and Citizenship Series)
by Paul May Arjun TremblayThis book sets out to provide a clearer picture of the movement and directionality of polyethnic rights – or immigrant-centered multiculturalism, as it is more commonly known – following recent shifts to the left in government (i.e., victories of left-parties, inclusion of left-parties in coalition governments, increase in left parties’ presence in parliament, defeat of far-right parties and right-wing populists). In so doing, it aims to understand the near and longer-term prospects of multicultural policy, multicultural discourse, demographic multiculturalism, and laws and regulations related to the immigration process in the 21st century and in an increasingly complex ideological environment. The book comprises case studies of multicultural developments in eight countries – Sweden, Canada, Aotearoa New Zealand, Switzerland, Germany, the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom – all of which have recently (2014-2024) experienced a shift to the left in national level politics, albeit in different ways and to varying degrees. In addition to understanding what has happened to multicultural policy and discourse in recent years, the book also sets out to identify the conditions under which multiculturalism is more or less likely to mend after a shift to the left in government. The book’s overall aim is to see whether there is a future for multiculturalism in an increasingly ideologically complex environment or whether the victories of the political right, the rise of populism, the resurgence of anti-immigrant racism, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the changing nature of minority mobilization have irreversibly altered the course of multicultural affairs.
Multiculturalism without Culture
by Anne PhillipsPublic opinion in recent years has soured on multiculturalism, due in large part to fears of radical Islam. In Multiculturalism without Culture, Anne Phillips contends that critics misrepresent culture as the explanation of everything individuals from minority and non-Western groups do. She puts forward a defense of multiculturalism that dispenses with notions of culture, instead placing individuals themselves at its core. Multiculturalism has been blamed for encouraging the oppression of women--forced marriages, female genital cutting, school girls wearing the hijab. Many critics opportunistically deploy gender equality to justify the retreat from multiculturalism, hijacking the equality agenda to perpetuate cultural stereotypes. Phillips informs her argument with the feminist insistence on recognizing women as agents, and defends her position using an unusually broad range of literature, including political theory, philosophy, feminist theory, law, and anthropology. She argues that critics and proponents alike exaggerate the unity, distinctness, and intractability of cultures, thereby encouraging a perception of men and women as dupes constrained by cultural dictates. Opponents of multiculturalism may think the argument against accommodating cultural difference is over and won, but they are wrong. Phillips believes multiculturalism still has an important role to play in achieving greater social equality. In this book, she offers a new way of addressing dilemmas of justice and equality in multiethnic, multicultural societies, intervening at this critical moment when so many Western countries are poised to abandon multiculturalism.
Multiculturalism, Chinese Identity, and Education: Who Are We? (Education and Society in China)
by Jason Cong LinIn Chinese societies, Chinese identity is an important yet controversial topic. This book examines official understandings of Chinese identity in Mainland China and Hong Kong, exploring how the latest governments of Mainland China and Hong Kong conceptualize Chinese identity; how government-endorsed textbooks frame it in different subjects; and how a multicultural approach can enhance understanding of identity in both societies. Using content analysis to support his theoretical arguments, Lin offers an in-depth, updated, and detailed picture of how the governments of Mainland China and Hong Kong, and their endorsed textbooks, encourage people in these societies to respond to the question of "who are we?". He also elaborates on how the current approach to understanding Chinese identity can be harmful, and examines how a multicultural approach could better fit these Chinese contexts and enhance understanding of "who are we?". Given that the question of identity causes trouble everywhere, and many countries are debating approaches to understanding diverse identities in their own societies, this book provides valuable insights into the Chinese perspective, to allow readers to more fully understand global frameworks of identity. This book will interest researchers and students in the fields of multiculturalism, multicultural education, national identity, identity politics, and China and Hong Kong studies.
Multiculturalism, Identity and Rights (Routledge Innovations in Political Theory #Vol. 12)
by Bruce Haddock Peter SutchThis innovative volume brings a selection of leading political theorists to the wide-ranging debate on multiculturalism and political legitimacy. By focusing on the challenge to mainstream liberal theory posed by the surge of interest in the rights of minority groups and subcultures within states, the authors confront issues such as rights, liberalism, cultural pluralism and power relations.
Multiculturalism: A Critical Introduction (Routledge Contemporary Political Philosophy)
by Michael MurphyWhat is multiculturalism and what are the different theories used to justify it? Are multicultural policies a threat to liberty and equality? Can liberal democracies accommodate minority groups without sacrificing peace and stability? In this clear introduction to the subject, Michael Murphy explores these questions and critically assesses multiculturalism from the standpoint of political philosophy and political practice. The book explores the origins and contemporary usage of the concept of multiculturalism in the context of debates about citizenship, egalitarian justice and conflicts between individual and collective rights. The ideas of some of the most influential champions and critics of multiculturalism, including Will Kymlicka, Chandran Kukathas, Susan Okin and Brian Barry, are also clearly explained and evaluated. Key themes include the tension between multiculturalism and gender equality, cultural relativism and the limits of liberal toleration, and the impact of multicultural policies on social cohesion ethnic conflict. Murphy also surveys the legal practices and policies enacted to accommodate multiculturalism, drawing on examples from the Americas, Australasia, Europe, Asia and the Middle East. Multiculturalism: A Critical Introduction is an ideal starting point for anyone coming to the topic for the first time as well as those already familiar with some of the key issues.
Multiculturalism: The Political Theory of Diversity Today
by Andrew ShortenThe idea that diverse cultural and ethnic groups should co-exist within a country and that assimilation should not be forced upon immigrant groups – &“multiculturalism&” – was orthodoxy 20 years ago. Today it&’s coming under pressure. In this introduction to the political theory of multiculturalism, Andrew Shorten surveys the leading theories of multiculturalism, the critiques that have been levelled against the idea, and the debates surrounding cohesion, integration and diversity. He then goes on to demonstrate how multicultural political theory can be renewed, arguing that a single, monolithic vision of multiculturalism must be replaced by a multiculturalism made up of different strands, responding to distinctive but interrelated issues, and inspired by real-world policy debates about how political communities should respond to differences of religion, language and nationality. After tracing the influence of earlier multicultural ideas on these debates, Shorten reveals some new and surprising possibilities for mutual learning. Containing an up-to-date overview of multicultural political theory and its various offshoots, this book is essential reading for students and scholars interested in the politics of cultural, religious, linguistic and national diversity.
Multidimensional Democracy
by Jeffrey J. HardenMultidimensional Democracy examines political representation from the supply (legislator) and demand (constituent) perspectives. Focusing on four dimensions - policy, service, allocation, and descriptive representation - it documents systematic variation in what people want from legislators and what legislators choose to emphasize while in office. It has important implications for the study of representation, as well as normative questions about political inequality in America. The demand-side results show that constituents who are economically advantaged tend to prefer policy-based representation while the disadvantaged place relatively more importance in constituent service and/or allocation. Suggestive results from the legislator data complement this finding; legislators in wealthy, white districts tend to focus more on policy while those representing economically disadvantaged and racially diverse districts may place more emphasis on service and/or allocation. A likely consequence is that the policy choices made by representatives reflect the policy preferences of the economically advantaged because policy representation is what those citizens want.
Multidimensional Poverty Measurement
by Udaya WagleMultidimensional approaches have increasingly been used to understand poverty, but have yet to be fully operationalized. This methodical and important book uses factor analysis and structural equations modelling to develop a multidimensional framework that integrates capability and social inclusion as additional poverty indicators. The empirical relevance of this methodological contribution is demonstrated through in-depth case studies of the United States and Nepal.
Multidimensional Poverty Measurement: Theory and Methodology (International Research on Poverty Reduction)
by Xiaolin WangThis book addresses and compensates for the lack of poverty measurement research in China. With regard to the multi-dimensional measurement of poverty, it is clear that the situation of Chinese farmers is problematic in terms of five major aspects: sanitation facilities, health insurance, durable consumer goods, productive assets and modern fuels. Based on these criteria, the book provides a clear direction for policy intervention to comprehensively improve farmers’ standard of living and tackle the key problems of poverty alleviation and development in the region. In addition, its analysis of poverty among ethnic minorities, the elderly and children offers valuable reference material for poverty alleviation and the development of special groups.
Multidimensional Poverty in America: The Incidence and Intensity of Deprivation, 2008-2018
by Roger WhiteThis book investigates and documents multidimensional poverty in the United States and identifies patterns and relationships that contribute to the development of a more complete understanding of the incidence and intensity of deprivation. The first part introduces multidimensional poverty and provides a rationale for viewing poverty through a lens of multiple deprivations. It discusses how the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) compares to more narrowly-focused, income-based poverty measures and emphasizes its usefulness and applicability for the formulation of related, welfare-enhancing public policies. The second part documents multidimensional poverty incidence, intensity, and corresponding MPI values at the aggregate level of detail, for various demographic cohorts, and across geographic locales. The book then presents results from an empirical analysis that identifies the determinants of multidimensional poverty incidence and of individual deprivation scores. The third part consists of three studies of multidimensional poverty, examining the effect of the Affordable Care Act on multidimensional poverty incidence and intensity, variation in multidimensional poverty across native- and foreign-born residents (and across immigrants’ home countries) of the US, and variation in the respective indicators that contribute to multidimensional poverty across the life cycle. The book closes with two chapters. The first relays the findings of counterfactual exercises where certain deprivations are assumed to have been eliminated. The final chapter summarizes the work, draws inferences and arrives at conclusions, and discusses the corresponding public policy implications.
Multidimensional Practice of Social Work for Poverty Alleviation in China (Poverty-Alleviation and Social Work in China)
by Min TongThis book is based on China's poverty alleviation work and combines social work expertise with anti-poverty research to provide a blueprint as a reference for preventing poverty return in the post-2020 era, promoting rural governance, and effectively linking poverty eradication and rural revitalization. Through a two-year participatory cooperation, the book, taking the targeted poverty alleviation pilot project named “Warmhearted Home Delivery” in T District(Xiamen City, Fujian Province) as a case study, finds that social work against poverty among the deeply impoverished needs to base on a "fact-ethic" two-dimensional perspective integrating risk with ability to achieve the trinary combination of the population classification to prevent the risk of returning to poverty, the exploiting the potential of families to solve the living difficulties, and the environmental-supported community multi-participation assets. This book is the first professional book in China that systematically describes how to do a good job in poverty eradication and poverty return prevention for people with deep poverty. This book records the time, demonstrates the academic achievements, and focuses on people's livelihood.