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State and Commonwealth: The Theory of the State in Early Modern England, 1549-1640
by Noah DauberIn the history of political thought, the emergence of the modern state in early modern England has usually been treated as the development of an increasingly centralizing and expansive national sovereignty. Recent work in political and social history, however, has shown that the state--at court, in the provinces, and in the parishes--depended on the authority of local magnates and the participation of what has been referred to as "the middling sort." This poses challenges to scholars seeking to describe how the state was understood by contemporaries of the period in light of the great classical and religious textual traditions of political thought.State and Commonwealth presents a new theory of state and society by expanding on the usual treatment of "commonwealth" in pre-Civil War English history. Drawing on works of theology, moral philosophy, and political theory--including Martin Bucer's De Regno Christi, Thomas Smith's De Republica Anglorum, John Case's Sphaera Civitatis, Francis Bacon's essays, and Thomas Hobbes's early works--Noah Dauber argues that the commonwealth ideal was less traditional than often thought. He shows how it incorporated new ideas about self-interest and new models of social order and stratification, and how the associated ideal of distributive justice pertained as much to the honors and offices of the state as to material wealth.Broad-ranging in scope, State and Commonwealth provides a more complete picture of the relationship between political and social theory in early modern England.
State and Corporate Management of Region’s Development in the Conditions of the Digital Economy (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)
by Yakhya G. Buchaev Salikhbek G. Abdulmanapov Arsen S. Abdulkadyrov Arutyun A. KhachaturyanThis edited book presents scientific and practical recommendations for the successful state and corporate management of regional development under the conditions of the digital economy. These conditions have produced a number of changes. On the one hand, new aspects of regional economies, which require management, are emerging, above all, digital technologies that have to be understood by the population, employees in the labor market, and regional companies. On the other hand, new opportunities for improving practices in the state and corporate management of regional development on the basis of digital technologies are also emerging: e-government systems, digital marketing, online trade, “smart” regions, etc. This book provides an overview of the leading digital technologies and demonstrates how they can be used to improve modern practices in the state and corporate management of regional development in the digital economy. The authors develop the conceptual foundations and put forward practical recommendations. In closing, the authors’ conclusions and recommendations are applied to the example of modern Russia, ensuring the practical relevance of the research.
State and Discrimination: Other Side of the Cold War
by Lynn TurgeonThe author studies affirmative action efforts in four countries: two superpowers - the United States and the Soviet Union - and two non-superpowers - Canada and Hungary. Drawing on his knowledge of diverse societies, the author weighs the evidence to evaluate whether popular pressure for affirmative action is greater in the superpower than in the non-superpower nations. The book presents facts about the nature and historic development of state policy in the advanced capitalist and socialist countries, and raises insights that run counter to the common wisdom.
State and Laid-Off Workers in Reform China: The Silence and Collective Action of the Retrenched (Routledge Studies on China in Transition)
by Yongshun CaiIn the 1990s, the Chinese government launched an unprecedented reform of state enterprises, putting tens of millions of people out of work. This empirically rich study calls on comprehensive surveys and interviews, combining quantitative data with qualitative in its examination of the variation in workers' collective action. Cai investigates the difference in interests of and options available to workers that reduce their solidarity, as well as the obstacles that prevent their coordination. In addition, and perhaps more importantly, this book explores the Chinese Government’s policies and how their feedback shaped workers’ incentives and capacity of action.
State and Local Government (Ninth Edition)
by Ann O'M. Bowman Richard C. KearneyThe book's theme of increased capacity and responsiveness of state and local government conveys excitement about politics at the grassroots level and is pro public service.
State and Local Government: The Essentials
by Richard C. Kearney Ann O’m. Bowman Carmine P. F. ScavoEquipping students with the knowledge and tools to thoughtfully develop their own positions on divisive issues, Bowman/Kearney/Scavo's STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, 11th edition delivers comprehensive coverage of institutions, political behavior and policymaking at the state and local level. This bestselling text's theme of increased capacity and responsiveness of state and local government sparks students' excitement about politics at the grassroots level and is pro public service. Completely up to date, the new edition includes expansive coverage of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on state and local government as well as new insight on how local governments are attempting to deal with global climate change.
State and Local Government: The Essentials (5th Edition)
by Ann O'M. Bowman Richard C. KearneyThe book takes a positive look at state and local government. While acknowledging the legitimate concerns voiced by critics, it espouses, clearly, that government can be a force for good in society. Through engaging coverage of current events and an accessible writing style, the text fosters student interest and involvement in state and local politics, policy, and public service.
State and Local Intelligence in the War on Terrorism
by Gregory F. Treverton Lois M. Davis K. Jack Riley Jeremy M. WilsonExamines how state and local law enforcement agencies conducted and supported counterterrorism intelligence activities after 9/11. The report analyzes data from a 2002 survey of law enforcement preparedness in the context of intelligence, shows how eight local law enforcement agencies handle intelligence operations, and suggests ways that the job of gathering and analyzing intelligence might best be shared among federal, state, and local agencies.
State and Local Pension Fund Management (Public Administration and Public Policy)
by Jun PengIntense media coverage of the public pension funding crisis continues to fuel heightened awareness in and debate over public pension benefits. With over $3 trillion in assets currently under management, the ramifications of poor oversight are severe. It is important that practitioners, researchers, and taxpayers be well-advised regarding any concer
State and Local Pensions
by Alicia H. MunnellIn the wake of the financial crisis and Great Recession, the health of state and local pension plans has emerged as a front burner policy issue. Elected officials, academic experts, and the media alike have pointed to funding shortfalls with alarm, expressing concern that pension promises are unsustainable or will squeeze out other pressing government priorities. A few local governments have even filed for bankruptcy, with pensions cited as a major cause.Alicia H. Munnell draws on both her practical experience and her research to provide a broad perspective on the challenge of state and local pensions. She shows that the story is big and complicated and cannot be viewed through a narrow prism such as accounting methods or the role of unions.By examining the diversity of the public plan universe, Munnell debunks the notion that all plans are in trouble. In fact, she finds that while a few plans are basket cases, many are functioning reasonably well.Munnell's analysis concludes that the plans in serious trouble need a major overhaul. But even the relatively healthy plans face three challenges ahead: an excessive concentration of plan assets in equities; the risk that steep benefit cuts for new hires will harm workforce quality; and the constraints plans face in adjusting future benefits for current employees. Here, Munnell proposes solutions that preserve the main strengths of state and local pensions while promoting needed reforms.
State and Local Pensions
by Alicia H. MunnellIn the wake of the financial crisis and Great Recession, the health of state and local pension plans has emerged as a front burner policy issue. Elected officials, academic experts, and the media alike have pointed to funding shortfalls with alarm, expressing concern that pension promises are unsustainable or will squeeze out other pressing government priorities. A few local governments have even filed for bankruptcy, with pensions cited as a major cause.Alicia H. Munnell draws on both her practical experience and her research to provide a broad perspective on the challenge of state and local pensions. She shows that the story is big and complicated and cannot be viewed through a narrow prism such as accounting methods or the role of unions.By examining the diversity of the public plan universe, Munnell debunks the notion that all plans are in trouble. In fact, she finds that while a few plans are basket cases, many are functioning reasonably well.Munnell's analysis concludes that the plans in serious trouble need a major overhaul. But even the relatively healthy plans face three challenges ahead: an excessive concentration of plan assets in equities; the risk that steep benefit cuts for new hires will harm workforce quality; and the constraints plans face in adjusting future benefits for current employees. Here, Munnell proposes solutions that preserve the main strengths of state and local pensions while promoting needed reforms.
State and Local Politics: Autonomy, Politics, And Policy
by David BermanPolitics at the state and local level has never been more interesting than in our "devolutionary" age. This popular text is the most concise, readable, and current introduction to the field. Now in its ninth edition, the book keeps its focus on the varied and changing political and economic environments in which state and local governments function, and their strengths and weaknesses in key areas of public policy. The text is enlivened by boxed sections that relate individual experiences or highlight particular issues and developments. Topics covered in this edition include the drive toward devolution in the federal system; fiscal constraints; political accountability; affirmative action; majority-minority districts; and changing approaches to welfare, education, land use, and law enforcement.
State and Local Politics: Cases and Topics
by Jayme RenfroThis book is the first of its kind to take concepts directly from the most commonly used textbooks in state and local politics and apply them directly to current events. It presents twelve chapters of case studies, richly detailing key topics ranging from how the comparative method can be used to understand the similarities and differences between diverse places, to a look at how state governments have taken the lead on COVID-19, environmental policy, civil rights, gun control, college tuition regulation, cybersecurity and elections, sex offenders, and many more subjects of contemporary interest. It devotes a complete chapter to local-level politics in Nevada, Florida, and Iowa, and wraps up with a unique chapter on regional governance bridging between states and localities. This detailed and highly readable book is designed to complement traditional state and local textbooks. It is also of interest to students of public administration, public policy, urban politics, and intro to American politics.
State and Local Politics: Institutions and Reform
by Daniel A. Smith Christopher Z. Mooney Todd Donovan Tracy OsbornIn this Fourth Edition of STATE AND LOCAL POLITICS: INSTITUTIONS AND REFORM, Donovan, Smith, Mooney, and new co-author Tracy Osborn go beyond the purely descriptive treatment usually found in state and local texts. Offering an engaging comparative approach, the Fourth Edition shows you how politics and government differ between states and communities, and points out the causes and effects of those variations. The text also focuses on what social scientists know about the effects of rules and institutions on politics and policy. This comparative, institutional framework enables you to think more analytically about the impact of institutions on policy outcomes, asks you to evaluate the effectiveness of one institutional approach over another, and encourages you to consider more sophisticated solutions. Written by four young, high-profile specialists who have contributed significantly to the field in the last decade, STATE AND LOCAL POLITICS: INSTITUTIONS AND REFORM incorporates the most recent scholarship available into the course, giving you access to perspectives that no other textbook on the market currently provides.
State and Local Public Finance
by Ronald C. FisherState and Local Public Finance provides a comprehensive and sophisticated analysis of state and local government public finance practices and issues, using the basic tools of economics. This fifth edition maintains its focus on key local services such as education, health care, and transportation and brings in new coverage of land use and housing, applications from behavioral economics, and more international comparisons. This textbook provides an examination and analysis of public finance practices and problems in a federal fiscal system, focusing on the fiscal behavior and policies of state and local governments. Modern economic theory is applied to examine the way key institutions are used to produce and finance services and to provide evaluation of alternative policies. This stalwart text will continue to be invaluable reading for those who study public finance, local government finance, urban economics, public policy, and public administration.
State and Nation Making in Latin America and Spain
by Miguel A. Centeno Agustin E. FerraroThe growth of institutional capacity in the developing world has become a central theme in twenty-first-century social science. Many studies have shown that public institutions are an important determinant of long-run rates of economic growth. This book argues that to understand the difficulties and pitfalls of state building in the contemporary world, it is necessary to analyze previous efforts to create institutional capacity in conflictive contexts. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the process of state and nation building in Latin America and Spain from independence to the 1930s. The book examines how Latin American countries and Spain tried to build modern and efficient state institutions for more than a century – without much success. The Spanish and Latin American experience of the nineteenth century was arguably the first regional stage on which the organizational and political dilemmas that still haunt states were faced. This book provides an unprecedented perspective on the development and contemporary outcome of those state and nation building projects.
State and Nation Making in Latin America and Spain: The Neoliberal State and Beyond
by Miguel A. Centeno Agustin E. FerraroNeoliberalism is often studied as a political ideology, a government program, and even as a pattern of cultural identities. However, less attention is paid to the specific institutional resources employed by neoliberal administrations, which have resulted in the configuration of a neoliberal state model. This accessible volume compiles original essays on the neoliberal era in Latin America and Spain, exploring subjects such as neoliberal public policies, power strategies, institutional resources, popular support, and social protest. The book focuses on neoliberalism as a state model: a configuration of public power designed to implement radical policy proposals. This is the third volume in the State and Nation Making in Latin America and Spain series, which aims to complete and advance research and knowledge about national states in Latin America and Spain.
State and Nation Making in Latin America and Spain: The Rise and Fall of the Developmental State
by Miguel A. Centeno Agustin E. FerraroIn 1960, Latin America and Spain had the same level of economic and social development, but, in just twenty years, Spain raced ahead. This book provides an in-depth analysis of the design and implementation of developmental state policies in both regions and examines the significant variance in success between Latin America and Spain. The second volume in a trilogy, this collection of studies on state institutions in Latin America and Spain covers the period 1930-1990 and focuses on the successes and failures of the developmental states. This book assumes a wide social science perspective on the phenomenon of the developmental state, focusing on the design, creation and management of public institutions, as well as the creation of national projects and political identities related to development strategies.
State and Opposition in Military Brazil
by Maria Helena Moreira AlvesBased on extensive research into opposition and government documents, including the previously unavailable Manual Básico da Escola de Guerra, Maria Helena Moreira Alves provides a rich description of the long and tortuous attempt by the Brazilian military government to create a workable "national security state" in the face of determined and resilient opposition. She interviewed more than one hundred key figures in government, the military, business, professional associations, the Catholic church, grassroots organizations, and trade unions in order to analyze politically and historically the relationship between civil society and government structures in Brazil during the years 1964-1983. Her study charts the rise and subsequent decline of the military government's power, concluding with a discussion of the abertura policy instituted under General João Batista Figueiredo.
State and Peasant in Contemporary China: The Political Economy of Village Government
by Jean C. OiCommunist revolutions eradicate traditional power structures, but they do not alter the basic issue of peasant politics: how the harvest shall be divided. Although the revolution removes landlords from the historical stage, the state and its agents appear as newly powerful claimants on the harvest. To a historically unprecedented degree, the state directs the division of the harvest, and this brings it into direct conflict with the peasantry. Before the revolution the harvest was divided in the context of a class relationship, but after the revolution it is divided in the context of an increasingly direct state-society relationship.
State and Religion: The Australian Story (Law and Religion)
by Renae BarkerWith its increasingly secular and religiously diverse population Australia faces many challenges in determining how the state and religion should interact. Australia is not unique in facing these challenges. States worldwide, including common law countries with shared legal and religious heritages, have also been faced with the question of how the state and religion should relate to one another. Countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand and the United States have all had to grapple with how to manage the state-religion relationship in the present day. This book provides a comprehensive historical review of the interaction of the state and religion in Australia. It brings together multiple examples of areas in which the state and religion interact, and reviews these examples across Australia’s history from settlement through to present day. The book sets this story within a wider theoretical context via an examination of theories of state-religion relationships as well as a comparison with other similar common law jurisdictions. The book demonstrates how the solutions arrived at in Australia is uniquely Australian owing to Australia’s unique legal system, religious demographics and history. However this is just one possible outcome among many that have been tried in common law liberal democracies.
State and Revolution
by V. I. LeninWritten in 1917 and unfinished because the writing was interrupted by the October revolution, Russian revolutionary Vladimir I. Lenin explains the nature of the state and how and under what circumstances it can be abolished. It is a polemic against the Social Democrats, Mensheviks and anarchists of the time.
State and Social Protests in China (Elements in Politics and Society in East Asia)
by Yongshun Cai Chih-Jou Jay ChenChina has witnessed numerous incidents of social protests over the past three decades. Protests create uncertainty for authoritarian governments, and the Chinese government has created, strengthened, and coordinated multiple dispute-resolution institutions to manage social conflicts and protests. Accommodating the aggrieved prevents the accumulation of grievances in society, but concessions require resources. As the frequency and scale of collective action are closely tied to the political opportunity for action, the Chinese government has also contained protest by shaping the political opportunity available to the aggrieved. Cai and Chen show that when the Chinese central government prioritizes social control, as it has under Xi Jinping's leadership, it signals that it will tolerate local governments' use of coercion. The result is an environment that is not conducive to the mobilization of collective action, large-scale occurrences of which have been uncommon in China in recent years.
State and Society Responses to Social Welfare Needs in China: Serving the people (Routledge Contemporary China Series)
by Jonathan Schwartz Shawn ShiehThis volume examines the shifting role of the state and social organizations (e.g. NGOs) in providing social services in contemporary China. A series of case studies identifies a dynamic whereby the state increasingly withdraws from social service provision with social organizations taking up the slack. An interdisciplinary line up of contributors explore this dynamic, and how it affects the state-society relationship and the quality of social services provided. Based on current research, this book engages existing debates over state-society relations offering a new thematic framework to evaluate this relationship. Drawing on the framework, each chapter explores a particular aspect of social service provision including orphan care, migrant labor protection and infectious disease control. Differentiating between case studies of crisis and non-crisis social service provision situations, this volume argues that state and social organizations engage in ongoing negotiations to achieve shared social service provision goals – a dynamic largely controlled by the state. However during crises, the controlled relationship may alter as the priority becomes addressing the immediate demand for essential social services. The result is the potential for a rapid change in relations between the state and social organizations.