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Regionalism Under Stress: Europe and Latin America in Comparative Perspective (Global Institutions)
by Detlef NolteRegionalism is under stress. The European Union has been challenged by the Eurozone crisis, refugee flows, terrorist attacks, Euroscepticism, and Brexit. In Latin America, regional cooperation has been stagnating. Studying Europe and Latin America within a broader comparative perspective, this volume provides an analytical framework to assess stress factors facing regionalism. The contributors explore how economic and financial crises, security challenges, identity questions raised by immigration and refugee flows, the rise of populism, and shifting regional and global power dynamics have had an impact on regionalism; whether the EU crisis has had repercussions for regionalisms in other parts of the world; and to what extent the impact of stress factors is mediated by characteristics of the region that may provide elements of resilience. Written by specialists from Europe and Latin America with a shared interest in the new field of comparative regionalism, this book will be an invaluable resource for students, scholars and policy specialists in regional integration, European politics, EU studies, Latin American studies, and international relations and international law more generally.
Regionalismus in Afrika und externe Partner: Ungleiche Beziehungen und (un)beabsichtigte Effekte
by Johannes MuntschickDieser Band bietet systematische Forschung zum Regionalismus in Afrika und untersucht die Rolle und den Einfluss externer Partner auf die Dynamik, die institutionelle Gestaltung und die Leistung regionaler Integrationsprojekte. Dabei wird der mehrstufige und mehrdimensionale Charakter des Regionalismus mit seiner Vielfalt an kooperativen Institutionen und Politikbereichen anerkannt und herausgearbeitet, während die ungleichen Beziehungen zu externen Akteuren in afrikanischen Regionalorganisationen genau betrachtet werden. Die beiden umfassenden Mapping-Studien des Buches untersuchen Muster asymmetrischer Interdependenzen zwischen dem Regionalismus in Afrika und externen Partnern in Europa, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf Handel und Geberfinanzierung liegt, und zeigen strukturelle Ungleichgewichte und (un)beabsichtigte Folgen auf. Fünf weitere Fallstudien bieten eingehende Analysen verschiedener afrikanischer Regionalorganisationen, vor allem mit Schwerpunkt auf dem Sicherheitsregionalismus, und zeigen auf, wie externe Partner Integrationsprozesse und -projekte beeinflussen und beeinträchtigen. Obwohl der Regionalismus in Afrika von den Außenbeziehungen und Partnerschaften mit Europa profitiert hat, stellen die Beiträge in diesem Band diesen positiven Eindruck in Frage, indem sie einige der wichtigsten Faktoren und Akteure hervorheben, die ihn untergraben.
Regionalist Parties in Western Europe: Dimensions of Success (Party Families in Europe)
by Oscar Mazzoleni Sean MuellerRegionalist parties matter. Over the past 40 years, they have played an ever-larger role in West European democracies. Because of their relevance and temporal persistence, their achievements have increasingly become visible not only in electoral arena, but also as regards holding office and policy-making. Enhancing our understanding of these different dimensions of success, this book analyses various types of regionalist party success. Beyond conventional perspectives, the focus of this book is also on how the dimensions of success are related to each other, and in particular to what extent electoral and office success – jointly or alternatively – contribute to policy success. Adopting a common theoretical framework and combining the in-depth knowledge of country experts, each chapter explores the evolution and impact of regionalist parties in regional or federal states, that is the UK, Germany, Italy, Spain, Belgium, and Switzerland. This allows for a comprehensive and comparative analysis of one of the main political challenges within West-European democracies.
Regionalist Parties in Western Europe (Routledge/ECPR Studies in European Political Science)
by Lieven De Winter Huri TürsanEthnoregionalist parties are an increasingly influential political phenomenon in many Western European countries. Despite this there has been little systematic study of these important political parties. This volume fills the gap with an exploration of the successes and failures experienced by ethnoregionalist parties in post-war Europe.Regionalist Parties in Western Europe looks in detail at the fortunes of twelve regionalist parties in: the Basque country, Corsica, French speaking Belgium, Scotland, Wales, Catalonia, Flanders, Italy, and South Tyrol.
The Regionalization of Warfare: The Falkland/Malvinas Islands, Lebanon, and the Iran-Iraq Conflict
by James Brown William P. SnyderThree wars have dominated world events in recent years: The conflict which erupted between the United Kingdom and Argentina over the Falkland/Malvinas Islands; the multinational conflict in Lebanon involving Irsaeli, Syrian, and FLO forces in Lebanon; and the savage struggles between ground and air units of the Iranian and Iraqi forces. The scale and intensity of these wars, their potential for global conflict, make them crucial for an understanding among citizens in general, and defense and political analysts in particular.The authors and contributors to this most unusual volume come to several common conclusions: professionalism is a crucial factor in military effectiveness, but not necessarily dependent on modes of recruitment; high technology is crucial, but only in relation to the quality and training of the personnel; public support is necessary to sustain military morale in democratic and authoritarian regimes alike. These are only some of the incisive findings registered and explored in The Regionalization of Warfare.The volume a'ssembles experts not only on these three major regional and interregional conflicts, but on current U.S. defense policies; Soviet strategic interests in Middle East and Persian Gulf conflicts; and a series of papers on lessons learned and unlearned as a result of these "small wars" of the early 1980s. For those interested in military history, global strategy, and regional rivalries, this -collection of finely written, sophisticated papers will prove to be of intense concern.
Regionalized Governance in the Global South (Elements in International Relations)
by Brooke Coe Kathryn NashThis Element addresses questions of division of labor and concentration of authority among intergovernmental organizations by examining multilevel governance in the Global South. It focuses on the policy domains of peace and security and human rights in Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), and its central finding is that the extent of governance regionalization varies across regions and issue areas. In the domain of peace and security, governance is most regionalized in Africa. In the domain of human rights protection, governance is most regionalized in the LAC region. Given the phenomenon of regional specialization, the Element makes the case for the greater explanatory power of regional drivers of regional institutional development. This Element is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Regionalizing Global Crises
by Toni Haastrup Yong-Soo EunHow are global crises responded and dealt with? Are there any links between regionalism and global crises in terms of stimuli, processes, and consequences? This edited volume brings together a range of examples illustrating the development and importance of regional actors in the global governance of the political economy.
Regionalizing Global Human Rights Norms in Southeast Asia (Human Rights Interventions)
by Dwi Ardhanariswari SundrijoThis book explains how the ASEAN regional human rights body (AICHR) was created and why it functioned with a promotional rather than protection mandate. It does this by positioning itself within a sizable literature on norm diffusion, and introduces the concept of “Norm Interpreters” to explain what happens when global human rights norms are adopted/adapted within a local context, particularly highlighting the role of a group of individuals in the process. In this respect it adds to the International Relations literature on norm diffusion and the Southeast Asian region specific literature on ASEAN regionalism and AICHR.
Regionalizing Oman: Political, Economic and Social Dynamics
by Steffen WippelThis volume addresses the historical structures and current dynamics of Oman's regionalization processes and their political, economic and social dimensions. It is based on an interdisciplinary and trans-regional dialogue between scholars from different social sciences and area studies such as political science, economics, management, economic and social geography, history, social anthropology and linguistics as well as Middle East/West Asian, gulf and African studies, and develops four major axes of research: - Oman's integration into global and regional flows of goods, capital, people and ideas; - The multi-scaled political negotiation of such integration (or disintegration) processes; - Consequences of suchlike processes and forms of regionalization for (translocal) actors; - Ideas and strategic communication of regional belonging and the constitution of regions. Each chapter deals with one or more of these issues. Part I deals with concepts of regionalisation and region-building and presents different approaches that accentuate certain dimensions of these processes and come from different disciplinary backgrounds. Part II focuses on the translocal, transnational and (trans)regional movement of people, their practices and imaginations, be they contemporary labour in- and out-migrants, returnees from Eastern Africa or nomadic tribal members. Part III takes a closer look particularly at economic issues and regionalisation processes that are mainly based on multiple trade links, regional development policies or politics of regionalism. Part IV analyses political and socio-cultural issues in regional and global perspectives.
Regions and Crises
by Lorenzo FioramontiInvestigates the intimate relationship between regional governance processes and global crises. Analysing the current turmoil in the European Union, it also looks at regional cooperation and integration in the Arab world, Africa, Asia and Latin America through topical case studies.
Regions and Powers
by Barry Buzan Ole WæverAsserting that regional patterns of security are increasingly important in international politics, this study presents a detailed account of relations between global powers. It emphasizes their relationship with the regional security complexes which make up the contemporary international system. The book analyzes Africa, the Balkans, Eastern and Western Europe, East Asia, the Middle East, North America and South Asia, tracing the history of each region through the present.
Regions in Europe: The Paradox of Power (Routledge Research in European Public Policy)
by Patrick Le Galès Christian LequesneRegions in Europe explores the state of regional politics in an increasingly integrated Europe. It argues that the predicted rise of increased political power at the regional level has failed to materialise and is fraught with paradox. In doing so this study locates regions in relation to European integration, globalisation, the nation state, local government, and comparative and national perspectives. Using case studies of the main players in Europe including: * Germany * France * UK * Italy * Spain * the Netherlands * Belgium. the contributors show how and why European regions remain remarkably weak in European governance.
Regions in the Belt and Road Initiative (Rethinking Asia and International Relations)
by Jonathan FultonIntroduced in 2013, China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has had a significant impact within Asia and across other regions. This book provides empirical case studies examining the relations between China and the states in specific regional groupings, including South-East Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, the Persian Gulf, the Horn of Africa, and Central/Eastern Europe. At the theoretical level, Buzan and Waever’s work on regional security complexes is used to develop a framework for analyzing the current impact of the BRI and its potential future effects within these regions, while the case studies explore the extent to which different International Relations and International Political Economy theories explain change in these relationships as the regional security environment shifts. The contributors address questions as diverse as the domestic political and economic drivers impacting the level of BRI cooperation; the effects of cooperation with the US; as well as the historical political and economic risk considerations for China in pursuing BRI cooperation; and the motivations of regional responses to the BRI and rivalries and variations in those responses. This book will be of interest to academics working in the fields of Chinese foreign policy, International Relations, International Political Economy, and area studies. Professionals in the corporate world and Governmental practitioners and non-government agencies will also find the contributions useful.
Regions, Power, and Conflict: Constrained Capabilities, Hierarchy, and Rivalry (Evidence-Based Approaches to Peace and Conflict Studies #6)
by William R. Thompson Thomas J. Volgy Paul Bezerra Jacob Cramer Kelly Marie Gordell Manjeet Pardesi Karen Rasler J. Patrick Rhamey Jr. Kentaro Sakuwa Rachel Van Nostrand Leila ZakhirovaThe three main levels of analysis in international relations have been the systemic, the national, and the individual. A fourth level that falls between the systemic and the national is the region. It is woefully underdeveloped in comparison to the attention afforded the other three. Yet regions tend to be distinctive theaters for international politics. Otherwise, we would not recognize that Middle Eastern interstate politics somehow does not resemble Latin American interstate politics or interstate politics in Southern Africa (although once the Middle East and Southern Africa may have seemed more similar in their mutual fixation with opposition to domestic policies in Israel and South Africa, respectively). This book, divided into three parts, first makes a case for studying regional politics even though it must also be appreciated that regional boundaries are also hazy and not always easy to pin down empirically. The second part examines power distributions within regions as an important entry point to studying regional similarities and differences. Two emphases are stressed. One is that regional power assessments need to be conditioned by controlling for weak states which are more common in some regions than they are in others. The other emphasis is on regional power hierarchies. Some regions have strong regional hierarchies while others do not. Regions with strong hierarchies operate much differently from those without them in the sense that the former are more pacific than the latter. The third part of the book focuses on regional differences in terms of conflict behavior, order preferences, rivalries, and rivalry termination.
Regions, Spatial Strategies and Sustainable Development (Regions and Cities)
by David Counsell Graham HaughtonFocusing on recent regional policy and important planning debates across the English regions, this book analyzes the issues, disputes and tensions that have arisen in regional planning in the new millennium. With a range of local case studies to ground the argument in local as well as regional planning, the authors here build on a range of theoretical insights including state theory and governance, political ecology, governmentality and collaborative planning. Drawing particularly on a discourse approach, the empirical sections examine a range of major controversies from the past five years of regional planning, including: the socio-political resistance to new housing on Greenfield sites alternative approaches to promoting sustainable urban development and policies for urban renaissance policies on redirecting or constraining economic expansion in high-pressure growth areas the social and political bases of new planning technologies for protecting the environment, including sustainability appraisals.
La regresión educativa
by Gilberto Guevara NieblaEsta obra reúne 14 ensayos que analizan críticamente la política educativa del actual gobierno. Aparecen, así, los oscuros balances de la reforma al artículo 3° constitucional, el surgimiento de las universidades Benito Juárez, el nuevo esquema de becas, los recortes en la SEP, el aumento de la desigualdad, el golpe de la pandemia y la asfixia de la austeridad… Entre diciembre de 2018 y julio de 2019 fui subsecretario de Educación Básica. Pero desde mi posición privilegiada fui testigo del impacto brutal de la política de austeridad. También comprobé el estilo autoritario de Andrés Manuel López Obrador. “La educación de México experimenta un retroceso. El gobierno federal actual eliminó la reforma educativa de 2013, pero no produjo un nuevo proyecto; en cambio, puso en práctica políticas que dañan la oferta educativa. El presidente volvió la espalda a la educación persiguiendo un objetivo político, en el sentido populista, mezquino, del término.”
Regreso a la jaula: El fracaso de López Obrador
by Roger Bartra¿Cuáles fueron las verdaderas razones del triunfo electoral de Andrés Manuel López Obrador en 2018? Y aún más importante: a dos años de iniciado su gobierno, ¿dónde están las tan esperadas transformaciones políticas que prometía con vehemencia? Una de las claves para el éxito de AMLO, asegura Roger Bartra en este libro, fueron las cuestionables alianzas que impulsaron la campaña del hoy presidente, y que revelaron finalmente su verdadera orientación política. Aunque para los seguidores más fieles de su partido se vendió como un demócrata firmemente anclado en la izquierda, los hechos lo han revelado como un populista de la más conservadora derecha, inspirado en el priismo autoritario de los años sesenta y setenta. Para Bartra, esto significa sólo una cosa: la así autonombrada «Cuarta Transformación» no es sino un retroceso a una etapa de nuestra historia política que parecía ya superada, con todos los riesgos políticos, económicos y sociales que esto implica. Para muestra, basta un somero recuento de los resultados que han traído sus maltrechos programas sociales y sus agresivas medidas de austeridad, amén de su errática respuesta ante la emergencia derivada de la covid-19. Hoy es claro, quizá más que nunca, que el proyecto político de AMLO ha sido un fracaso que puede ser peligroso para el destino de México en el corto plazo. Ante ese escenario, las elecciones de 2021 tienen la posibilidad de equilibrar la balanza política del país en favor de una verdadera democracia plural o consolidar uno de los movimientos políticos más nocivos de nuestra historia reciente. ¿Qué camino elegirán los votantes?
El regreso al infierno electoral: Las elecciones de 2023 y el juicio final del PRI
by Bernardo BarrancoJULIO ASTILLERO • ALBERTO AZIZ NASSIF • BERNARDO BARRANCO VILLAFÁN • GABRIEL CORONA ARMENTA • FRANCISCO CRUZ JIMÉNEZ • ISRAEL DÁVILA • ÁLVARO DELGADO • ENRIQUE I. GÓMEZ • FABRIZIO MEJÍA MADRID • TERE MONTAÑO • VERÓNICA VELOZ VALENCIA Las elecciones del próximo 4 de junio evidenciarán cómo se vivirá la sucesión presidencial en 2024. En el Estado de México, los partidos políticos ya están ensayando sus buenas y sus malas artes para atraer votantes, están sometiendo a prueba máxima la capacidad del árbitro electoral, emplean todos sus recursos intentando seducir a la hidra mediática y han desatado rudísimos rounds de sombra en la entidad con el mayor padrón electoral. Saben que quien impere en estas elecciones habrá dado un paso de oro rumbo a Palacio Nacional. En el último gran examen de las fuerzas políticas antes de la madre de todas las batallas, descuellan dos protagonistas: el PRI, que jamás ha perdido la gubernatura mexiquense -y-que de perderla recibiría el peor golpe en su historia, tal vez definitivo-, y Morena, que sabe que el futuro de la 4T y del obradorismo pasa por controlar esa entidad, al precio que sea. Esta es la historia, estos son los combates.
El regreso liberal: Más allá de la política de la identidad
by Mark Lilla¿Cómo puede la izquierda recuperar sus valores y ofrecer un proyecto de futuro comprometido con la sociedad? El análisis y las conclusiones de Lilla son de lectura obligatoria a ambos lados del Atlántico para entender qué sucede a los partidos progresistas. La victoria electoral de Donald Trump en noviembre de 2016 causó un terremoto devastador en la izquierda estadounidense. Uno de los primeros en reaccionar fue Mark Lilla, el respetado autor de ensayos como Pensadores temerarios o La mente naufragada. Su polémico diagnóstico consideraba que la bizantina deriva del pensamiento progresista hacia debates y posiciones relacionados con la identidad, la alejaban irremisiblemente de la mayoría de los votantes: la izquierda solo podría volver a gobernar si lograba reconstruir un mensaje que apelara a la sociedad en su conjunto y propusiera una visión de un futuro común. En El regreso liberal, Lilla presenta un argumento apasionado, duro y doloroso acerca del fracaso del liberalismo estadounidense desde los años de Reagan. Aunque Clinton y Obama repitieron mandato, el debate político central sigue dominado por las ideas republicanas: un papel reducido del Estado, impuestos bajos e individualismo a ultranza. Enfrente, los demócratas no han sido capaces de construir un discurso alternativo, perdidos en la selva de las identidades. La crítica ha dicho:«Un breve y excelente libro sobre el declive del liberalismo estadounidense que explica cómo pasó de los éxitos de Roosevelt a los abismos de la política de la identidad actual.»Fareed Zakaria, CNN «En su nuevo libro Lilla lanza un aviso importante, apasionado y muy crítico a los liberales que, en su opinión, están atrapados en el fango. El mensaje de Lilla es oportuno y necesario.»Arlie Russell Hochschild, The Washington Post «Lilla plantea una conversación magistral en este breve ensayo.»Los Angeles Review of Books «El retorno liberal es un diagnóstico perfecto.»The Guardian «El libro de Lilla es un importante contrapeso a la opinión general.»The Financial Times «Tras el desastre de noviembre de 2016, se necesita urgentemente un análisis de la catástrofe. Mark Lilla ha escrito un ensayo profundo y provocativo sobre lo que ocurrió, y lo que liberales, moderados y progresistas deberían hacer al respecto.»Steven Pinker
Regressive Taxation and the Welfare State: Path Dependence and Policy Diffusion (Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics)
by Junko KatoPolitical economists have viewed large public expenditures as a product of leftist government and the expression of a stronger representation of labor interest. The formation of governments' funding bases is a topic that has not been thoroughly explored, and this book sheds important new light on the issue of taxes and welfare. Beginning with a clarification of the development of postwar tax policies in industrial democracies, Junko Kato finds that the differentiation of tax revenue structure is path-dependent upon the shift to regressive taxation. Kato challenges the conventional belief that progressive taxation leads to large public expenditures in mature welfare states.
Regret the Error: How Media Mistakes Pollute The Press And Imperil Free Speech
by Craig SilvermanWe Regret the Error. It's a phrase that appears daily in newspapers — the standard admission that something has gone terribly wrong in the reporting, editing, or printing of an article. This brief notice is generally accompanied by an equally terse correction. But Craig Silverman – editor of RegretTheError.com, one of the Internet's most popular media-related Web sites — goes beyond the stale boilerplate to ask key questions that concern everyone who follows the news, both print and broadcast: What is the wellspring of this flood of errors? What can be done to minimize mistakes? Does this culture of error degrade our media-driven society? The resulting answers make for a lively journey through the history of media mistakes, punctuated with a collection of funny, shocking, and often disturbing journalistic slip-ups. The errors are often hilarious, while others are calamitous and even tragic.By pinpointing numerous categories of error (including “Fuzzy Numbers” — when numbers and math undermine reporting; “Obiticide” – printing the obituary of a living person; and “Unidentified Consequences” — typos and misidentifications that create a new, incorrect reality), Silverman shines a bright light on the media's carelessness. Conceding that errors are often inadvertent, the author finds nonetheless that they are occasionally rooted in serious ethical lapses. He chronicles the decline of fact-checking at magazines and the simultaneous rise of fact-checking readers and interest groups, and voices a rousing call to arms for all news organizations to mend their ways and reclaim the role of the press as the honest voice of the people.Regret the Error is a book for anyone who follows the news, and for everyone who insists that our free speech be safeguarded by a vigilant press.
Regrets Only: A Novel
by Sally QuinnThe sizzling novel of two passionate and talented women—and the man they both love…Alison Sterling, beautiful, brilliant, and blonde—and a reporter for a major Washington daily—is embroiled in a secret love affair with the sexy, successful, very married bureau chief of a national newsweekly, Desmond Shaw. Meanwhile, Shaw is having an affair with Sadie Grey, the Southern belle wife of the Vice President. And Sadie Grey is having the time of her life. Irresistible love triangles—which begin as physical attraction and turn into love—are set amidst the dazzling, social whirl of power and politics, and &“there&’s plenty to keep the pages turning&” (Cosmopolitan).
Regular Soldiers, Irregular War: Violence and Restraint in the Second Intifada
by Devorah S. ManekinWhat explains differences in soldier participation in violence during irregular war? How do ordinary men become professional wielders of force, and when does this transformation falter or fail? Regular Soldiers, Irregular War presents a theoretical framework for understanding the various forms of behavior in which soldiers engage during counterinsurgency campaigns—compliance and shirking, abuse and restraint, as well as the creation of new violent practices.Through an in-depth study of the Israeli Defense Forces' repression of the Second Palestinian Intifada of 2000–2005, including in-depth interviews with and a survey of former combatants, Devorah Manekin examines how soldiers come both to unleash and to curb violence against civilians in a counterinsurgency campaign. Manekin argues that variation in soldiers' behavior is best explained by the effectiveness of the control mechanisms put in place to ensure combatant violence reflects the strategies and preferences of military elites, primarily at the small-unit level. Furthermore, she develops and analyzes soldier participation in three categories of violence: strategic violence authorized by military elites; opportunistic or unauthorized violence; and "entrepreneurial violence"—violence initiated from below to advance organizational aims when leaders are ambiguous about what will best serve those aims. By going inside military field units and exploring their patterns of command and control, Regular Soldiers, Irregular War, sheds new light on the dynamics of violence and restraint in counterinsurgency.
Regulating Agriculture (Critical Perspectives on Rural Change #5)
by Philip Lowe Terry Marsden Sarah WhatmoreOriginally published in 1994, this volume brings together a set of essays reflecting the complex political, social and institutional problems encountered by modern states in seeking to manage their agricultural sectors. Drawing on different national and international viewpoints, the essays present original analyses of agricultural regulation in a comparative context. The aspects covered include the roots of the post-war food order; the roles of corporatism, agribusiness and technological change, the challenge of de-regulation and environmental reforms, the introduction of market principles and mechanisms into centrally planned economies and the efforts to forge a new order in international trade.
Regulating Aversion: Tolerance in the Age of Identity and Empire
by Wendy BrownTolerance is generally regarded as an unqualified achievement of the modern West. Emerging in early modern Europe to defuse violent religious conflict and reduce persecution, tolerance today is hailed as a key to decreasing conflict across a wide range of other dividing lines-- cultural, racial, ethnic, and sexual. But, as political theorist Wendy Brown argues in Regulating Aversion, tolerance also has dark and troubling undercurrents. Dislike, disapproval, and regulation lurk at the heart of tolerance. To tolerate is not to affirm but to conditionally allow what is unwanted or deviant. And, although presented as an alternative to violence, tolerance can play a part in justifying violence--dramatically so in the war in Iraq and the War on Terror. Wielded, especially since 9/11, as a way of distinguishing a civilized West from a barbaric Islam, tolerance is paradoxically underwriting Western imperialism. Brown's analysis of the history and contemporary life of tolerance reveals it in a startlingly unfamiliar guise. Heavy with norms and consolidating the dominance of the powerful, tolerance sustains the abjection of the tolerated and equates the intolerant with the barbaric. Examining the operation of tolerance in contexts as different as the War on Terror, campaigns for gay rights, and the Los Angeles Museum of Tolerance, Brown traces the operation of tolerance in contemporary struggles over identity, citizenship, and civilization.