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Voicing Politics: How Language Shapes Public Opinion (Princeton Studies in Political Behavior #45)
by Efrén Pérez Margit TavitsWhy your political beliefs are influenced by the language you speakVoicing Politics brings together the latest findings from psychology and political science to reveal how the linguistic peculiarities of different languages can have meaningful consequences for political attitudes and beliefs around the world. Efrén Pérez and Margit Tavits demonstrate that different languages can make mental content more or less accessible and thereby shift political opinions and preferences in predictable directions. They rigorously test this hypothesis using carefully crafted experiments and rich cross-national survey data, showing how language shapes mass opinion in domains such as gender equality, LGBTQ rights, environmental conservation, ethnic relations, and candidate evaluations.Voicing Politics traces how these patterns emerge in polities spanning the globe, shedding essential light on how simple linguistic quirks can affect our political views. This incisive book calls on scholars of political behavior to take linguistic nuances more seriously and charts new directions for researchers across diverse fields. It explains how a stronger grasp of linguistic effects on political cognition can help us better understand how people form political attitudes and why political outcomes vary across nations and regions.
Volatile State: Iran in the Nuclear Age
by David OualaalouIn an age of nuclear experimentation, military conflicts, and ISIS, the Middle East is unstable, and the Iranian nuclear deal is shrouded in controversy and mistrust. How will this agreement impact US relations and strengths, not only in the region, but around the world? Will the US be challenged for world leadership?In Volatile State: Iran in the Nuclear Age, global affairs analyst David Oualaalou explores the new geopolitical landscape and how it will allow a nuclear Iran to flex its military, economic, and ideological muscles with the assistance of Russia and China. Taking under consideration how other governments have reacted to the agreement, Oualaalou provides a fresh perspective on current and future relations among the US and its current allies and provides a compelling path forward for future strategies in the Middle East.Volatile State is a "must read" to help understand the implications and future with a nuclear deal with Iran.
Volatile States: Institutions, Policy, and the Performance of American State Economies
by Crain W. MarkWhy do American state economies grow at such vastly different rates and manifest such wide differences in living standards? Volatile States identifies the sources of rising living standards by examining the recent economic and fiscal history of the American states. With new insights about the factors that contribute to state economic success, the book departs from traditional analyses of economic performance in its emphasis on the role of volatility. Volatile States identifies institutions and policies that are key determinants of economic success and illustrates the considerable promise of a mean-variance criterion for assessing state economic performance. The mean-variance perspective amends applications of growth models that rely on the mobility of productive factors keyed to income levels alone. Simply measuring the level of growth in state economies reveals an incomplete and perhaps distorted picture of performance. Taking the volatility of state economies explicitly into account refines the whole notion of "economic success. " This book is essential reading for economists, political scientists, and policy-makers who routinely confront questions about the consequences of alternative institutional arrangements and economic policy choices. W. Mark Crain is Professor of Economics and Research Associate, James M. Buchanan Center for Political Economy, George Mason University.
The Volatility and Future of Democracies in Asia (Politics in Asia)
by Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao and Alan Hao YangThis book explores the volatile and uncertain future of democracies in Asia through typological analysis of the diverse patterns of Asian countries. Detailed analysis and extensive case studies featured throughout this edited volume unveil democracies in the process of being consolidated, such as Taiwan and South Korea; precarious democracies, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines; states that are experiencing setbacks and a retreat from democracy, such as Thailand and Myanmar; and finally, states that are still resisting democracy, including China. Key findings articulate that Asian democracies do not follow existing models or patterns – such as that of Western democracy – but are instead lively, emergent works in progress. Environments in which democracy is practiced in Asia reflect local people’s pluralistic imagination of democracy, hence a comparative thematic approach is adopted. Contributors originate from Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, and Thailand, each presenting regional insights into the unique challenges and movements of their respective nations, from staging protests in Bangkok to military coup in Myanmar. Opening new dialogue in the study of democracy, The Volatility and Future of Democracies in Asia will appeal to students and scholars of political science, comparative politics, international development, democracy studies, and Asian studies more broadly. .
The Volatility Curse: Exogenous Shocks and Representation in Resource-Rich Democracies
by Daniela Campello Cesar ZuccoThe Volatility Curse examines the conditions under which economic voting can (and cannot) function as a mechanism of democratic accountability, challenging existing theories that are largely based on experiences in developed democracies. Drawing on cross-national data from around the world and micro-level evidence from Latin America, Daniela Campello and Cesar Zucco make two broad, related arguments. First, they show that economic voting is pervasive around the world, but in economically volatile developing democracies that are dependent on commodity exports and inflows of foreign capital, economic outcomes are highly contingent on conditions beyond government control, which nonetheless determine relevant political outcomes like elections, popular support, and government transitions. Second, politicians are aware of these misattribution patterns and are often able to anticipate their electoral prospects well before elections. This reduces incumbents' incentives to maximize voter welfare, as anticipated by economic voting theories, and increases the likelihood of shirking, waste, and corruption.
Volcanic Unrest: From Science To Society (Advances In Volcanology Ser.)
by Joachim Gottsmann Jürgen Neuberg Bettina ScheuThis open access book summarizes the findings of the VUELCO project, a multi-disciplinary and cross-boundary research funded by the European Commission's 7th framework program. It comprises four broad topics:1. The global significance of volcanic unrest2. Geophysical and geochemical fingerprints of unrest and precursory activity3. Magma dynamics leading to unrest phenomena4. Bridging the gap between science and decision-makingVolcanic unrest is a complex multi-hazard phenomenon. The fact that unrest may, or may not lead to an imminent eruption contributes significant uncertainty to short-term volcanic hazard and risk assessment. Although it is reasonable to assume that all eruptions are associated with precursory activity of some sort, the understanding of the causative links between subsurface processes, resulting unrest signals and imminent eruption is incomplete. When a volcano evolves from dormancy into a phase of unrest, important scientific, political and social questions need to be addressed. This book is aimed at graduate students, researchers of volcanic phenomena, professionals in volcanic hazard and risk assessment, observatory personnel, as well as emergency managers who wish to learn about the complex nature of volcanic unrest and how to utilize new findings to deal with unrest phenomena at scientific and emergency managing levels. This book is open access under a CC BY license.
VolcáNica: Crónicas desde un país en erupción
by Sabrina DuqueUna visión de doble fondo en cuanto a la naturaleza volcánica del país, que a su vez se repite en su historia con sus sacudimientos, explosiones y llamaradas. «El 18 de abril de 2018 el país al que me había mudado poco más de un año antes comenzaba a hacer erupción. En esos días estaba a mitad de la reportería sobre la relación de los nicaragüenses con sus volcanes». Estas cuatro líneas dan inicio a un libro que consta de 12 crónicas escritas en Nicaragua. Sabrina Duque, ecuatoriana, tenía en marcha el proyecto con el que ganó la Beca Michael Jacobs de Crónica Viajera, que concede la Fundación Gabriel García Márquez para el Nuevo Periodismo Iberoamericano, el Hay Festival de Cartagena y The Michael Jacobs Foundation for Travel Writing. «En el camino», sigue la autora, «la coyuntura me atropelló». Sin renunciar al proyecto inicial, Sabrina no pudo dejar de incorporar lo que está pasando en Nicaragua a partir -y antes- de aquella fecha fatídica del 18 de abril, en la que, al igual que un volcán que hubiese estado dormido, «los nietos de la revolución» estallaron y, con ellos, inició una lucha pacífica en contra de la dictadura Ortega-Murillo, tan parecida a la de Somoza, presente todavía en la memoria de los padres y abuelos de estos jóvenes. VolcáNica -que contrae las palabras volcanes y Nicaragua, y que además deja constancia de la manera en la que los centroamericanos nos referimos a los nicaragüenses, nicas- es, en palabras de Sergio Ramírez, «un reportaje agudo, intenso, perspicaz, escrito por una joven periodista que ha viajado intensamente por el territorio de Nicaragua, y ofrece una visión de doble fondo en cuanto a la naturaleza volcánica del país, que a su vez se repite en su historia con sus sacudimientos, explosiones y llamaradas.
Volkswille – Ideal oder Illusion?: Weshalb Volksentscheide undemokratisch werden können
by Rudolf G. AdamWas versteht man unter dem Begriff Volksabstimmung und welche Mechanismen verbergen sich dahinter? In einer Zeit, in der das Vertrauen in die repräsentative Demokratie hinterfragt wird, analysiert dieses Buch verschiedene Formen von Volksabstimmungen sowie die potenziellen Gefahren, die davon ausgehen können. Es wendet sich an politisch interessierte Bürger, die glauben, der Volkswille könne in verknöcherten Strukturen von Parteiendemokratie und Parlamenten nicht mehr adäquat Ausdruck finden. Es ist ein Beitrag, der sich den Forderungen nach mehr Bürgerbeteiligung sachlich entgegenstellt. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf den Fragen: Wer ist das Volk? Kann es definitionsgemäß überhaupt einen einheitlichen Willen bilden? Ab wann gelten Mehrheiten als verbindlich? In welchem Umfang sollten Minderheitsinteressen berücksichtigt werden? Durch eine empirische Übersicht über gelungene und problematische Volksabstimmungen weist der Autor auf die Erfordernisse hin, die notwendig sind, damit ein Volksentscheid einen sachlich fundierten und dauerhaften Mehrheitswillen ausdrücken kann.
Volodymyr Zelensky in His Own Words
by Lisa Rogak Daisy GibbonsAn intimate look at the awe-inspiring president of Ukraine—Volodymyr Zelensky, the new hero of the West—through an expansive book of his quotations covering his stance on a wide variety of issues, from acting and climate change to war and peace.Since Russia invaded Ukraine, people all over the world have reacted with horror and revulsion. At the same time, they have been heartened by the inspirational words and courageous actions of Volodymyr Zelensky, the 44-year-old President of Ukraine, who frequently reassures his beleaguered people while standing up to an autocratic madman who possesses the power to launch a nuclear holocaust. Zelensky is the hero we didn&’t know we needed—or maybe we did. Right now, the world wants to know more about Ukraine&’s heroic and inspiring president, and the best way to do that will be with Volodymyr Zelensky in His Own Words, an expansive book of quotations that covers Zelensky&’s words and opinions on a wide spectrum of issues—from war and peace to climate change and LGTBQ rights. Readers will be able to open up the book to any page and see where Zelensky stands. Given his previous life as a comedian and Ukraine&’s most famous actor, there are plenty of quotes that provide a more nuanced picture of this man who has enthralled and inspired people around the world.
Voltaire: Political Writings (Cambridge Texts In The History Of Political Thought)
by Voltaire David Williams Raymond Geuss Quentin SkinnerThis edition of Voltaire's political writings presents a varied selection of his most interesting and controversial texts, many of which have not previously been translated into English. Their themes include the nature and legitimacy of political power, law and the social order, and the growing disorder in the French economy, and in addition they touch on specific issues such as the Seven Years' War and relations with Frederick II, and the sensational trials of Jean Calas, Sirver and the Chevalier De La Barre.
Voltaire's Revolution
by G. K. NoyerVoltaire, the pen name of François-Marie Arouet (1694-1778), was one of the most influential leaders of the French Enlightenment. His defense of individual freedom of conscience and his criticisms of religious fanaticism and oppressive orthodoxy had a telling effect on Western history, inspiring several leading founders of America's new laws.This is the first English translation of many of his key texts from his famous pamphlet war for tolerance, written from 1750 to 1768, originally published under pseudonyms to avoid imprisonment and to educate the average citizen. Included are "The Sermon of Rabbi Akib" (a searing attack on anti-Semitism), "Prayer to God" (from the famous Treatise on Tolerance), the hugely popular "Catechism of the Honest Man," "The Dinner at Count Boulainvillier's," and other witty, sometimes acerbic pieces that point out the errors in the Bible, the corruption of the clergy, and the religiously-inspired persecutions, both of his day and across the ages. Many of these pamphlets were burned in a losing battle by the authorities.With a lengthy introduction and copious notes by the editor and translator, plus an appendix including first-hand accounts of the battle by noted mathematician and French revolutionary Condorcet, Frederick the Great, Irish writer Oliver Goldsmith, and others, this excellent compilation will be a welcome addition to the libraries of anyone with an interest in human rights and freedom of thought.From the Trade Paperback edition.
Volume 13: Kierkegaard's Influence on the Social Sciences (Kierkegaard Research: Sources, Reception and Resources)
by Jon StewartKierkegaard has long been known as a philosopher and theologian, but his contributions to psychology, anthropology and sociology have also made an important impact on these fields. In many of the works of his complex authorship, Kierkegaard presents his intriguing and unique vision of the nature and mental life of human beings individually and collectively. The articles featured in the present volume explore the reception of Kierkegaard's thought in the social sciences. Of these fields Kierkegaard is perhaps best known in psychology, where The Concept of Anxiety and The Sickness unto Death have been the two most influential texts. With regard to the field of sociology, social criticism, or social theory, Kierkegaard's Literary Review of Two Ages has also been regarded as offering valuable insights about some important dynamics of modern society..
Volume 14: Kierkegaard's Influence on Social-Political Thought (Kierkegaard Research: Sources, Reception and Resources)
by Jon StewartWhile scholars have long recognized Kierkegaard's important contributions to fields such as ethics, aesthetics, philosophy of religion, philosophical psychology, and hermeneutics, it was usually thought that he had nothing meaningful to say about society or politics. Kierkegaard has been traditionally characterized as a Christian writer who placed supreme importance on the inward religious life of each individual believer. His radical view seemed to many to undermine any meaningful conception of the community, society or the state. In recent years, however, scholars have begun to correct this image of Kierkegaard as an apolitical thinker. The present volume attempts to document the use of Kierkegaard by later thinkers in the context of social-political thought. It shows how his ideas have been employed by very different kinds of writers and activists with very different political goals and agendas. Many of the articles show that, although Kierkegaard has been criticized for his reactionary views on some social and political questions, he has been appropriated as a source of insight and inspiration by a number of later thinkers with very progressive, indeed, visionary political views.
Volume Three. Liberal Party General Election Manifestos 1900-1997 (General Election Manifestos Ser. #Vol. 3)
by Iain DaleThis volume brings together for the first time the British Liberal Political Party General Election Manifestos, dating back to 1900, and including the most recent General Election manifesto of 1997. The project provides an indispensible source of data about the Liberal Party's political ideologies and policy positions, as well as charting their changes over time. The volume has a new introduction written by Duncan Brack, who is Programmes Director at the Royal Institute of International Affairs. He was previously the Policy Director for the Liberal Democrats and editor of the Dictionary of Liberal Biography, published by Politicos in February 1999. In addition to the new introduction, the volume has a comprehensive index, making it easy to use.
Volume Two. Labour Party General Election Manifestos 1900-1997 (General Election Manifestos Ser. #Vol. 2)
by Dennis Kavanagh Iain DaleThis volume brings together for the first time the British Labour Political Party General Election Manifestos, dating back to 1900, and including the most recent General Election manifesto of 1997.The project provides an indispensible source of data about the Labour Party's political ideologies and policy positions, as well as charting their changes over time.The volume has a new introduction written by Dennis Kavanagh, who is Professor of Politics at Liverpool University, and who has already published Political Science and Political Behaviour with Routledge.In addition to the new introduction, the volume includes a comprehensive index, making the volume easy to use.
Voluminous States: Sovereignty, Materiality, and the Territorial Imagination
by Debbora BattagliaFrom the Arctic to the South China Sea, states are vying to secure sovereign rights over vast maritime stretches, undersea continental plates, shifting ice flows, airspace, and the subsoil. Conceiving of sovereign space as volume rather than area, the contributors to Voluminous States explore how such a conception reveals and underscores the three-dimensional nature of modern territorial governance. In case studies ranging from the United States, Europe, and the Himalayas to Hong Kong, Korea, and Bangladesh, the contributors outline how states are using airspace surveillance, maritime patrols, and subterranean monitoring to gain and exercise sovereignty over three-dimensional space. Whether examining how militaries are digging tunnels to create new theaters of operations, the impacts of climate change on borders, or the relation between borders and nonhuman ecologies, they demonstrate that a three-dimensional approach to studying borders is imperative for gaining a fuller understanding of sovereignty.Contributors. Debbora Battaglia, Franck Billé, Wayne Chambliss, Jason Cons, Hilary Cunningham (Scharper), Klaus Dodds, Elizabeth Cullen Dunn, Gastón Gordillo, Sarah Green, Tina Harris, Caroline Humphrey, Marcel LaFlamme, Lisa Sang Mi Min, Aihwa Ong, Clancy Wilmott, Jerry Zee
Voluntary and Public Sector Collaboration in Scandinavia: New Approaches to Co-Production (Palgrave Studies in Third Sector Research)
by Bjarne IbsenIn thirteen chapters, the contributors to this volume analyse the different dimensions of a new form of collaboration, termed collective co-production, in the Scandinavian countries. It is a characteristic of the Scandinavian countries – Sweden, Norway and Denmark - that they have both a large public and voluntary sector. For decades, the dominant type of collaboration between the two sectors has consisted of the public sector providing financial support to organisations in the voluntary sector, while the activities are undertaken by the organisation itself. In recent times, however, a new discourse has emerged, with a strong political focus on developing closer collaboration between the two sectors. The book analyses collective co-production between the voluntary and public sectors, and identifies what distinguishes this form of collaboration from others. It looks at the scope of collective co-production, how and why it differs between welfare areas, as well as the political vision for co-production and the extent to which it lives up to those expectations. This discourse promotes a type of collaboration wherein organisations, associations and volunteers can participate in the implementation of tasks for which public institutions are responsible. The book is a valuable resource for professionals in voluntary organizations and public welfare units working with co-production and for researchers and students in the fields of civil society, voluntary sector and welfare policy.
The Voluntary Environmentalists
by Aseem Prakash Matthew PotoskiA novel theoretical framework to analyse the effectiveness of voluntary environmental programs, including ISO 14001.
Voluntary Organisations and Social Policy in Britain
by Margaret Harris Colin RochesterThe last two decades of the twentieth century saw the most fundamental changes in British social policy since the creation of the welfare state in the 1940s. From Margaret Thatcher's radical reassessment of the role of the state to Tony Blair's 'Third Way', the voluntary sector has been at the heart of these changes. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, voluntary organisations have been cast in leading roles on the social policy stage. They are expected to make key contributions to countering social exclusion; to regenerating communities; to providing social housing and welfare services; to promoting international aid and development; and to developing and sustaining democratic participation and the active community. But how are voluntary sector organisations grappling with the implications of their new, expanded role? How is their relationship with the state changing in practice? This book, which has its origins in an international conference of leading academics in the field, provides answers to these pressing questions. It analyses the numerous and complex ways in which the formulation and implementation of social policy is dependent on the contributions of the voluntary sector. It discusses the impact of the new policy environment on voluntary organisations. And it suggests that the successful implementation of social policy requires government to acknowledge and nurture the distinctive features and contributions of voluntary sector organisations. Voluntary Organisations and Social Policy in Britain is essential reading not only for the many people studying, working in or working with the voluntary sector in Britain but also for anyone who is interested in the formulation and implementation of social policy.
Voluntary Organizations and Public Service Delivery (Routledge Studies in the Management of Voluntary and Non-Profit Organizations)
by Philip James Ian CunninghamVoluntary Organizations and Public Sector Delivery examines how aspects of voluntary sector employment are affected by its engagement with the growing trend to the market-based outsourcing in the delivery of public services within industrialized countries. The volume draws together a team of well-recognized academic contributors from the UK, Canada, Australia and the United States to explore how the process of outsourcing is impacting the internal and external labor markets of voluntary organizations, and the implications for the policy objectives underlying the externalization of the delivery of public services to them. These themes of change in employment are covered in depth in the UK with dedicated chapters exploring, workforce patterns and skill needs, HR policies and practices, recruitment and selection, graduate recruitment, unionization, pay and conditions and psychological contracts in organizations. The book also contains a significant international comparative dimension with individual chapter analysis of employment issues in Australia, Canada and the United States, as well as an Anglo-German comparison.
Voluntary Regulation of Ngos and Nonprofits
by Mary Kay Gugerty Aseem PrakashHow can nonprofit organizations and NGOs demonstrate accountability to stakeholders and show that they are using funds appropriately and delivering on their promises? Many nonprofit stakeholders, including funders and regulators, have few opportunities to observe nonprofit internal management and policies. Such information deficits make it difficult for "principals" to differentiate credible nonprofits from less credible ones. This volume examines a key instrument employed by nonprofits to respond to these challenges: voluntary accountability clubs. These clubs are voluntary, rule-based governance systems created and sponsored by nongovernmental actors. By participating in accountability clubs, nonprofits agree to abide by certain rules regarding internal governance in order to send a signal of quality to key principals. Nonprofit voluntary programs are relatively new but are spreading rapidly across the globe. This book investigates how the emergence, design, and success of such initiatives vary across a range of sectors and institutional contexts in the United States, the Netherlands, Africa, and Central Europe.
Volunteer Involvement: An Introduction to Theory and Practice
by Jurgen Grotz Ruth LeonardThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest theory and practice for volunteer involvement. It represents a milestone for knowledge of how and why volunteers become involved and will be essential reading for practitioners, policy makers and funders. Offering exercises and examples from practice, it introduces concepts for understanding volunteers’ agency and for critically assessing ways in which those who seek to involve volunteers can respond to rapidly changing environments. The authors draw on a combination of theoretical perspectives and practical experiences to develop approaches based on individuals and community strengths and assets, underlining the need for conviviality, respect and enjoyment in volunteer involvement.
Volunteer Involvement in UK Universities: Inclusion, Excellence, Impact (Rethinking University-Community Policy Connections)
by Jurgen GrotzProviding a comprehensive overview of volunteer involvement in UK universities, this book addresses a distinct and substantive policy and management issue. Offering examples of volunteer involvement with students, staff, alumni and communities from 147 UK Higher Education Institutions, it provides important background to understanding volunteer involvement. It also introduces key concepts for critically assessing ways in which those who seek to involve volunteers can respond to rapidly changing environments. Drawing on a combination of theoretical perspectives and practical experiences the book systematically explores approaches based on the current structures of volunteer involvement in UK universities, which provides accessible insights for Higher Education Institutions into how they can effectively organise volunteer involvement and maximise its societal impact. Developing 10 indicators with measures to evidence universities’ strategic approaches and achievements in community-university relations, the book offers practical ways to plan, enable, monitor, and assess the impact of volunteer involvement in universities.
Volunteer Police in the United States
by Elizabeth C. BartelsThis work examines in-depth the phenomenon of volunteer policing in the United States. Due to a combination of municipal budget cuts, decreased manpower, and a renewed interest in community partnership, everyday citizens are increasingly joining the police rank and file. This trend provides low-cost solutions for a number of policing problems, but also brings its own special challenges and considerations. This work provides a historical overview of volunteer police in the United States and abroad; an practical overview of volunteer programs throughout the United States including training programs, requirements and qualifications; a close examination of two central types of laws governing volunteer police units: the "Stand Your Ground" law and the "Good Samaritan" law; and overview of the dangers that can face volunteer police units, and a comparative analysis with volunteer programs worldwide. It will be of interest to researchers in police studies, criminal justice administration, and for policymakers and practitioners working with police organization and training.
Volunteer Tourism in the Global South: Giving Back in Neoliberal Times (Interventions)
by Wanda VrastiThis work explores the increasingly popular phenomenon of volunteer tourism in the Global South, paying particular attention to the governmental rationalities and socio-economic conditions that valorise it as a noble and necessary cultural practice. Combining theoretical research with primary data gathered during volunteering programs in Guatemala and Ghana, the author argues that although volunteer tourism may not trigger social change, provide meaningful encounters with difference, or offer professional expertise, as the brochure discourse and the scholarly literature on tourism and hospitality often promises, the formula remains a useful strategy for producing the subjects and social relations neoliberalism requires. Vrasti suggests that the value of volunteer tourism should not to be assessed in terms of the goods and services it delivers to the global poor, but in terms of how well the practice disseminates entrepreneurial styles of feeling and action. Analysing the key effects of volunteer tourism, it is demonstrated that far from being a selfless and history-less rescue act, volunteer tourism is in fact a strategy of power that extends economic rationality, particularly its emphasis on entrepreneurship and competition, to the realm of political subjectivity. Volunteer Tourism in the Global South provides a unique and innovative analysis of the relationship between the political and personal dimensions of volunteer tourism and will be of great interest to scholars and students of international relations, cultural geography, tourism, and development studies.