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Towards a Post-Fordist Welfare State? (The\state Of Welfare Ser.)
by Roger Burrows Brian D LoaderThere is no doubt that significant socio-economic changes have occurred over the last twenty years in the UK and other advanced capitalist societies. Consequently, Fordism, a bureaucratic, hierarchical model of industrial development has matured into Post-Fordism, with its greater emphasis on the individual, freedom of choice and flexibility, generating fresh debate and analysis. Towards a Post-Fordist Welfare State represents leading authors from a number of disciplines - social policy, sociology, politics and geography - who have played a key role in promoting and criticising Post-Fordist theorising and presents a thorough examination of the implications of applying Post-Fordism to contemporary restructuring of the British welfare state. The work will appeal to a wide-ranging readership providing the first social policy text on Post-Fordism. It will be key reading for undergraduates, postgraduates and lecturers in social policy and administration, sociology, politics and public sector economics
Towards a Principal-Agent Based Typology of Risks in Public-Private Partnerships
by Luc Leruth André De Palma Guillaume PrunierA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Towards a Radical Democracy: The Political Economy of the Budapest School (Routledge Revivals)
by Douglas BrownOriginally published in 1988, this is the first systematic account of the writings of Hungarian dissidents and former students of George Lukacs, collectively known as the 'Budapest School'. Dr. Brown demonstrates the importance of their work in contributing to a logically consistent yet realistic theory of socialist mixed economies, and genuine radical democracies. The Budapest Schoool's model of radical democracy represents a critique of both industrial capitalism and existing socialist systems, with immediate political as well as philosophical importance. Dr. Brown is particularly concerned to draw out its significance for the practical realities of political economy, and the logical implications for desirable reform of Western mixed economies.
Towards a Refugee Oriented Right of Asylum (Law and Migration)
by Laura Westra Satvinder JussThis volume explores the factors that give rise to the number of people seeking asylum and examines the barriers they currently and will continue to face. Divided into three parts, the authors first explore the causality that generates displacement, examining climate change, illegal conflicts and the deprivation of natural resources. They argue that all of these problems either originate from human agency directly, or are strongly influenced by human activities, particularly those of wealthy countries in the North West. The study goes on to discuss how migrants are received and the problems they face on arrival, and concludes with confronting the fate and the status of asylum seekers after arrival, and the walls, both virtual and material, that they encounter. The authors propose ways of approaching the situation, beyond the present language and the limited interpretations of the Convention on the Status of Refugees. Written by leading experts in environmental ethics, asylum law, and international law, the book will be essential reading for those working in these and related areas.
Towards a Russia of the Regions (Adelphi series)
by Martin NicholsonRussia's state system has changed significantly since 1991, but the question of how the country should be governed has not been answered. Russia's constitutional framework is weak and inherently flawed, and the balance of political and economic power between the centre and the regions is ill-defined. In the absence of a firm constitutional settlement, regional elites have consolidated power, restricting the growth of local democracy and frustrating attempts at graass-roots economic reform. This book argues that establishing an effective and regulated relationship between the centre and the regions requires greater decentralisation, but devolution need not threaten Russia's integrity if it is transparent and based on a greater respect for the rule of law.
Towards a Segmented European Political Order: The European Union's Post-crises Conundrum (Routledge Studies on Democratising Europe)
by John Erik Fossum Jozef BátoraThis book makes a distinctive contribution to the crucial debate on the European Union (EU)’s present and future development. It systematically examines how the range of crises and challenges over the last decade have transformed the EU and relates those findings to the discussion of an increasingly differentiated EU. It argues that the post-crises EU shows clear signs of becoming a segmented political order with in-built biases and constraints. The book spells out the key features of such an order in ideational and structural terms and shows how it more concretely manifests itself in the EU’s institutional and constitutional make-up and in how member states constrain and condition EU action. Different states impose different types of constraints, as is underlined through paying explicit attention to the Visegrád countries. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of EU politics/studies, European integration and politics, East European politics and foreign policy.
Towards a Spatial Social Policy: Bridging the Gap Between Geography and Social Policy
by Adam WhitworthSocial policy and human geography are intimately intertwined yet frequently disconnected fields. Whilst social policies are always conceived, implemented and experienced in and through geography, the role of place in social policy scholarship and practice is frequently overlooked. Bringing together experts from both fields, this collection illuminates the myriad of ways that human geography offers rich insights conceptually, empirically and methodologically into the neglected spatialities of policy scholarship, practice and experience. By building the necessary bridges towards a spatial social policy, this book enables the enhanced design, performance and understanding of social policies once properly rooted in their multiple spatialities.
Towards a Sustainable Economy: The Case of Bangladesh (Routledge Studies in Development Economics)
by Moazzem Hossain Qazi Kholiquzzaman Ahmad Mazharul M IslamThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were introduced by the United Nations (UN) for all member nations with a total of 17 goals and 169 targets to be achieved between 2016 and 2030. The recent pandemic has presented more challenges to achieving the UN’s SDGs. This book examines Bangladesh’s ascendancy in socio-economic terms and the prospects of Bangladesh overcoming the challenges to become a higher-middle-income nation by 2030. This book traces the transformation of Bangladesh from 1996 through 2020 and examines various factors contributing to its success from rural economy, external support, manufacturing, and structural transformation to energy consumption. This book also looks at the challenges and opportunities for Bangladesh as the Fourth Industrial Revolution unfolds and as climate change, to which Bangladesh is highly vulnerable, escalates. This book will be a useful reference document for those who are interested in gaining more insights into inclusive growth and sustainable development from the case study of Bangladesh.
Towards a Transparent Labour Market for Educational Decisions (Routledge Revivals)
by Hans Heijke Lex BorghansFirst published in 1998, this collection of essays strongly advocates for increased flexibility in the Dutch labour market and questions current assumptions on the connections between education choices and ultimate employment outcomes. The volume responds to the glaring contradiction between the current mass unemployment in all European nations, both in urban and rural areas, affecting people of different levels of education (though primarily those of low-skills levels or ethnic backgrounds) and the idea that labour is the most important source of wealth. Its objective is to develop insights, ideas, and experiences concerning the possibilities for increasing the transparency of the labour market. The contributors recognise that the quality of labour has rapidly become the key factor in economic and social development.
Towards a Very British Version of the “Culture Wars”: Populism, Social Fractures and Political Communication (Routledge Studies in British Politics)
by Alma-Pierre Bonnet Raphaële KiltyThis book examines the emergence and the political use of what has come to be known as “culture wars” in the United Kingdom.Adopting multidisciplinary perspectives, it investigates the ways in which cultural identities are used for political ends. The book bridges the conceptual and theoretical gap in fully understanding the so-called culture wars in a British context; as such, it envisages debates as part of a larger political project to gain popular support by tapping into voters’ sense of neglect by the political elite. Applying the concept of “national populism” as a binding conceptual framework for the book, a prestigious panel of international experts offer thorough analyses to show that not enough attention is being paid to what may be considered as an “escalation” of culture wars, and to how divisions have been accentuated by political elites to deliberately exacerbate them.This book will be of key interest to scholars, students and readers in British politics, populism studies, party politics, Conservative party politics and more broadly to European and Comparative politics.
Towards a Victimology of State Crime
by David Kauzlarich Dawn L. RotheMillions of people have been victimized by the actions and omissions of states and governments. This collection provides expert analyses of such victimizations across the world, from Europe, the United States, and Africa to New Zealand and South America. Leading scholars in the area of state crime describe the nature, extent, and distribution of state crime victimization, as well as theoretical and practical paths for understanding, explaining, and aiding victims of massive harms by governments. Cases of state crime and state victimization are presented on Brazilian, Native American, and New Zealand children, Somalian Pirates, Columbian, South African, and Bosnian civilians, United States immigrants, and war crime victimization in World War II. Other chapters delve into formal and informal ways to address victimization through the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, and provide analyses of justice processes around the world. This anthology bridges the latest thinking, theory and research in the fields of state crime and victimology and provides a general resource concerning basic issues related to victimization - particularly victims of state crime. As such, it fills a major gap in the literature by providing the first text and scholarly book focused solely on a victimology of state crime. This book is essential reading for undergraduates, postgraduates, socio-legal jurists and academics with an interest in state crime and victimology.
Towards a just climate change resilience: Developing resilient, anticipatory and inclusive community response (Palgrave Studies in Climate Resilient Societies)
by Pedro Henrique Campello Torres Pedro Roberto JacobiThis book provides an accessible overview of how efforts to combat climate change and social inequalities should be tackled simultaneously. In the context of the climate emergency, the impacts of extreme events can already be felt around the world. The book centres on five case studies from the Global South, Latin America, Pacific Islands, Africa, and Asia with each one focused on climate justice, resilience, and community responses towards a just transition. The book will be an invaluable reference for advanced undergraduates and postgraduate students, researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in environmental studies, urban planning, geography, social science, international development, and disciplines that focus on the social dimensions of climate change.
Towards a more equal society?: Poverty, inequality and policy since 1997 (CASE Studies on Poverty, Place and Policy)
by John Hills, Tom Sefton and Kitty StewartWhen New Labour came to power in 1997, its leaders asked for it to be judged after ten years on its success in making Britain 'a more equal society'. As it approaches the end of an unprecedented third term in office, this book asks whether Britain has indeed moved in that direction. The highly successful earlier volume A more equal society? was described by Polly Toynbee as the LSE's mighty judgement on inequality. Now this second volume by the same team of authors provides an independent assessment of the success or otherwise of New Labour's policies over a longer period. It provides: · consideration by a range of expert authors of a broad set of indicators and policy areas affecting poverty, inequality and social exclusion; · analysis of developments up to the third term on areas including income inequality, education, employment, health inequalities, neighbourhoods, minority ethnic groups, children and older people; · an assessment of outcomes a decade on, asking whether policies stood up to the challenges, and whether successful strategies have been sustained or have run out of steam; chapters on migration, social attitudes, the devolved administrations, the new Equality and Human Rights Commission, and future pressures. The book is essential reading for academic and student audiences with an interest in contemporary social policy, as well as for all those seeking an objective account of Labour's achievements in power.
Towards an African Peace and Security Regime: Continental Embeddedness, Transnational Linkages, Strategic Relevance (Global Security in a Changing World)
by João Gomes PortoTowards an African Peace and Security Regime: Continental embeddedness, transnational linkages, strategic relevance provides an informed and critical reflection on the adequacy of the emerging African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA) to the medium- and long-term challenges and opportunities of conflict prevention, management and resolution in Africa. Complementary to the editors’ Africa’s New Peace and Security Architecture: Implementing norms, institutionalising solutions (Ashgate 2010), this volume revolves around three main areas of focus: the continental ’embeddedness’ of norms, values and processes required for the gradual coming into shape of the African peace and security regime; its transnational linkages as well as the wider collective security environment; and the empirical analysis of the connections between the continental level and the regional economic communities with case-studies on ECOWAS, SADC and COMESA.
Towards an African Political Philosophy of Needs
by Motsamai Molefe Christopher AllsobrookThis book focuses on the domains of moral philosophy, political philosophy, and political theory within African philosophy. At the heart of the volume is a call to imagine African political philosophy as embodying a needs-based political vision. While discourses in African political philosophy have fixated on the normative framework of human rights law to articulate demands for social and global justice, this book charts a new frontier in African political thought by turning from ‘rights’ to ‘needs.’ The authors aim to re-orient discourses in African philosophy beyond the impasse of rights-based confrontations to shift the conversation toward needs as a cornerstone of African political theory.
Towards an Articulated Phenomenological Interpretation of Architecture: Phenomenal Phenomenology (Routledge Research in Architecture)
by M. Reza ShiraziThis book sheds light on the contemporary status of phenomenological discourse in architecture and investigates its current scholastic as well as practical position. Starting with a concise introduction to the philosophical grounds of phenomenology from the points of view of Husserl, Merleau-Ponty and Heidegger, it presents a critical reading of the works of some leading figures of architectural phenomenology in both theory and practice, such as Christian Norberg-Schultz, Kenneth Frampton, Juhani Pallasmaa, and Steven Holl. Highlighting the main challenges of the current phenomenological discourse in architecture, this book formulates a more articulated method of 'phenomenological interpretation' – dubbed 'phenomenal phenomenology' − as a new and innovative method of interpreting the built environment. Finally, using Tadao Ando's Langen Foundation Museum as a case study, it investigates the architect's contribution to phenomenological discourse, interprets and analyzes the Museum building using the new heuristic method, and thus provides a clear example of its applicability. By introducing a clear, articulated, and practical method of interpretation, this book is of interest to academics and students analyzing and studying architecture and the built environment at various scales.
Towards an Effective European Single Market
by Michael KaedingIf the European Union and its Member States are to compete successfully in an increasingly aggressive global market, whilst many other economies continue to get stronger, all parts of the European Union, Member States and the EU institutions, have to regulate smarter. The answer therefore is not to give up on rules, but rather to develop and implement good quality rules. Presenting both timely and relevant forms of European policy instruments in the field of financial services, public administration, transport, working conditions and social protection, this volume shows which kind of policy instruments work and under what circumstances. This will help all to overcome many of the impediments to using alternative policy instruments at the European level as appropriate responses to pressing European and global governance challenges, such as efficiency, accountability, transparency and legitimacy.
Towards an Emissions Trading System in Mexico: Outlook on the first ETS in Latin-America and Exploration of the Way Forward (Springer Climate)
by Simone LucatelloThis Open Access book provides detailed information about the incoming Mexican Emissions Trading System, including an analysis on why the system was implemented, how the system was designed, how it operates, how it could work, and how it could be strengthened by 2023 when it will be formally launched. This document is aimed at those who want to understand how an ETS can operate in an emerging economy. Although it has been written for experts and non-experts, this book does not provide the underlying theory of market-based instruments and emissions trading systems in general. The book can be read from start to finish, but can also be used as a reference for specific components of regional ETSs. The book draws upon a meticulous study of background documents and fieldwork from different authors to tell the story of how a Mexican ETS, the first of its kind in Latin America, can be set in the country. The emissions trading system cover many greenhouse gas emissions and has been hailed as one of the cornerstones of the Mexican climate policy. The book also examines and explains how the ETS is designed and implemented.
Towards an Increased Security: Green Innovations, Intellectual Property Protection and Information Security (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #372)
by Elena G. Popkova Julia V. Ragulina Andrey A. PolukhinThis book aims to show that modern socio-economic and entrepreneurial systems are on the path to the increase of security and to determine the obstacles they face on this path, as well as determine the opportunities for overcoming these obstacles. The purpose of this book is to study new achievements in the sphere of the provision of security. The originality of this book consists in the development of the fundamental basis of the provision of modern socio-economic systems’ security through development and application of the new classification of the directions of provision of security—food and ecological, information and technological, and personnel and intellectual—and their systemic consideration.Five parts of this book elaborate on progressive green innovations in agriculture and the modern experience of food security provision; legal regulation of sustainable development and environmental security; economic security of regions and green innovations in natural resources management; technological security in the digital environment, data protection and information security; and security and the priority for personnel management and intellectual property protection.The target audience of this book are scholars, who will find in it the fundamental inventions and empirical studies of the international experience of security provision; representatives of public authorities, who will find in the book the recommendations on monitoring and regulation of food and ecological, information and technological, and personnel and intellectual security; and subjects of entrepreneurship, who will find in the book the applied solutions for corporate management of security.
Towards an Integrated Environmental Permit in China: A Legal Study Based on EU Regulatory Experiences
by Xiheng ChenThis book examines the extent to which the regulatory design of the emissions permit system in China, taking into account the EU's regulatory experience with integration and from the perspective of the specific Chinese situation, provides opportunities for or hinders the implementation of integrated pollution prevention and control. It was found that China's permitting system provides regulatory opportunities for integrated control of emissions to air, water, and land, but that some challenges remain, particularly in terms of environmental effectiveness and environmental trade-offs. This book is not only aimed at the academic community, but may also benefit policy makers by providing an explanation of the rationale for integrated environmental permitting, together with a critical reflection on the current state of emissions permitting in China. It may also be helpful to the ENGOs that focus on and are willing to comment on the choices of regulatory instruments to be made by the Chinese government, particularly in the light of achieving a high level of environmental protection as a whole.
Towards an International Political Economy of Artificial Intelligence (International Political Economy Series)
by Tugrul Keskin Ryan David KigginsThis volume seeks to leverage academic interdisciplinarity to develop insight into how Artificial intelligence (AI), the latest GPT to emerge, may influence or radically change socio-political norms, practices, and institutions. AI may best be understood as a predictive technology. “Prediction is the process of filling in missing information. Prediction takes information you have, often called ‘data’, and uses it to generate information you don’t have” (Agrawal, Gans, and Goldfarb 2018, 13; also see Mayer-Schonberger and Ramge 2018). AI makes prediction cheap because the cost of information is now close to zero. Cheap prediction through AI technologies are radically altering how we govern ourselves, interact with each other, and sustain society. Contributors to this volume represent the academic disciplines of Sociology and Political Science working within a diverse set of intra-disciplinary fields that when combined, yield novel insights into the following questions guiding this volume: How might AI transform people? How might AI transform socio-political practices? How might AI transform socio-political institutions?
Towards an Ubuntu University: African Higher Education Reimagined
by Yusef Waghid Faiq Waghid Zayd Waghid Judith Terblanche Lester Brian Shawa Joseph Pardon HungweThis book explores the argument to reconsider the idea of a university in light of the African ethic of ubuntu; literally, human dignity and interdependence. The book discusses, through the context of higher education discourse of philosophy and comparative education, how global universities have evolved into higher educational institutions concerned with knowledge (re)production for various end purposes that range from individual autonomy, to public accountability, to serving the interests of the economy and markets. The question can legitimately be asked: Is an ubuntu university different from an entrepreneurial university, thinking university, and ecological university? While these different understandings of a university accentuate both the epistemological and moral imperatives in relation to itself and the societies in which they manifest, it is through the ubuntu university that emotivism in the forms of dignity and humaneness will enhance a university’s capacity for autonomy, responsibility, and criticality. This book would be of academic interest to university educators and students in philosophy of education, comparative education, and cultural studies.
Towards and Beyond the Italian Republic: Adriano Olivetti’s Vision of Politics (Italian and Italian American Studies)
by Davide CadedduThis book examines the historical process that led to the foundation of the Italian Republic and its constitution, viewed through the personal experiences and political reflections of Adriano Olivetti (between 1919 and 1960), general manager and president of the well-known typewriter manufacturer “Ing. C. Olivetti & C.” An unbroken line of reasoning linked his maturing political reflections during the two post-war periods. The historical context of the 1950s did not prove to be very propitious, but the guidelines dispersed throughout the Italian cultural and political world from the movement that Olivetti founded were certainly seminal – generating a legacy of ideas that has only in part been recognized. What makes this study distinctive is the original approach to reading the history of Italy through Adriano Olivetti’s eyes and thoughts, far from the more common Christian Democratic or Communist perspective of those years. It is simply another view of what the Italian Republic could be and was not.
Towards the Abolition of Surrogate Motherhood
by Marie-Josèphe Devillers, Ana-Luana Stoicea DeramSurrogacy is not liberty. It is a crime. Women will not settle for junk liberty.We want real freedom – the substance, not just the appearance. We want real nourishment for our spirits. We want human dignity. We want it for all of us. We want it for women in Thailand and Bangladesh and Mexico as well as for the women who have not yet been born.—Gena CoreaIn this eloquent and blistering rejection of surrogacy, a range of international activists and experts in the field outline the fundamental human rights abuses that occur when surrogacy is legalised and reject neoliberal notions that the commodification of women's bodies can ever be about the ‘choices' women make.They outline a range of harms that follow – to the women who are so-called surrogates, to the children born of surrogacy arrangements, to the ‘intending parents' who a delivered of a child through forced separation from its mother.Catherine Lynch rails against surrogacy as the creation of babies for the express purpose of removal from their mothers, outlining the tragic outcomes for adopted people. Phyllis Chesler argues that commercial surrogacy is matricidal, “slicing and dicing biological motherhood” into egg donor, ‘gestational' mother and adoptive mother. Laura Nuño Gómez describes the surrogacy paradigm as an ethics-free zone, in which “buying whatever is for sale is possible as long as there is an agreement and that it is legal.” And Melissa Farley debunks the myth of ‘choice' in surrogacy, arguing that in a male-dominated and racist system, the exploitative sale of women in surrogacy, like in prostitution, is inherently harmful. Rich women do not make the choice to become surrogates or prostitutes.Other contributors to this collection include Renate Klein, Gary Powell, Marie-Josèphe Devillers, Rita Banerji, Laura Isabel Gomez Garcia, Eva Maria Bachinger, Alexandra Clement-Saby and Taina Bien Aimé.Harm cannot be regulated, because this would mean spreading and universalising it
Towards the Abyss: Ukraine from Maidan to War
by Volodymyr Ishchenko"Nuanced, melancholy, sophisticated and gratifyingly intimate."–Yanis Varoufakis, author of TechnofeudalismUkrainian politics, the Russian invasion and the escalating crisis of the post-Soviet worldTowards the Abyss presents searching analysis of a decade of war and upheaval in Ukraine. Volodymyr Ishchenko has been among the left&’s most significant commentators on Ukraine since 2014, when pro-EU protestors toppled the government in Kiev, Russia annexed Crimea and pro-Russian separatists seized parts of the Donbass. One of his first thoughts when he read the news of the full-scale Russian invasion on 24 February 2022 was that no matter how the war ends, he will no longer have a homeland.What has happened in Ukraine ever since the Soviet collapse is a drawn-out process of de-modernization, and the downward spiral is getting faster. Ishchenko argues that the conflict being fought in Ukraine with tanks, artillery and rockets is the same conflict suppressed by police batons in Belarus and in Russia itself. The intensification of the post-Soviet crisis – the incapacity of an oligarchic ruling class in the territories of the former USSR to sustain political or moral leadership – is the root cause of the escalating violence.