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Aging with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa: Health and Psychosocial Perspectives
by Mark Brennan-Ing Kristen E. Porter Jennifer E. Kaufman Catherine MacPhail Janet SeeleyWith the development of effective antiretroviral therapies (ART) in the mid-1990s, HIV became a treatable although serious condition, and people who are adherent to HIV medications can attain normal or near-normal life expectancies. Because of the success of ART, people 50 and older now make up a majority of people with HIV in high-income countries and other places where ART is accessible. The aging of the HIV epidemic is a global trend that is also being observed in low- and middle-income countries, including countries in sub-Saharan Africa, where the greatest number of older people with HIV reside (3.7 million). While globally over half of older adults with HIV are in sub-Saharan Africa, we have little information about the circumstances, needs, and resiliencies of this population, which limits our ability to craft effective policy and programmatic responses to aging with HIV in this region. At present, our understanding of HIV and aging is dominated by information from the U.S. and Western Europe, where the epidemiology of HIV and the infrastructure to provide social care are markedly different than in sub-Saharan Africa. Aging with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa addresses this gap in our knowledge by providing current research and perspectives on a range of health and psychosocial topics concerning these older adults from across this region. This volume provides a unique and timely overview of growing older with HIV in a sub-Saharan African context, covering such topics as epidemiology, health and functioning, and social support, as well as policy and program implications to support those growing older with HIV. There are very few published volumes that address HIV and aging, and this is the first book to consider HIV and aging in sub-Saharan Africa. Most publications in this area focus on HIV and aging in Uganda and South Africa. This volume broadens the scope with contributions from authors working in West Africa, Botswana, and Kenya. The range of topics covered here will be useful to professionals in a range of disciplines including psychology, epidemiology, gerontology, sociology, health care, public health, and social work.
Agnes's Jacket: A Psychologist's Search for the Meanings of Madness.Revised and Updated with a New Epilogue by the Author
by Gail A. HornsteinIn a Victorian-era German asylum, seamstress Agnes Richter painstakingly stitched a mysterious autobiographical text into every inch of the jacket she created from her institutional uniform. Despite every attempt to silence them, hundreds of other psychiatric patients have managed to get their stories out, or to publish them on their own. Today, in a vibrant network of peer-advocacy groups all over the world, those with firsthand experience of emotional distress are working together to unravel the mysteries of madness and to help one another recover. Agnes’s Jacket tells their story, focusing especially on the Hearing Voices Network (HVN), an international collaboration of professionals, people with lived experience, and their families and friends who have been working to develop an alternative approach to coping with voices, visions, and other extreme states that is empowering and useful and does not start from the assumption that such people have a chronic illness. A vast gulf exists between the way medicine explains psychiatric conditions and the experiences of those who suffer. Hornstein’s work helps us to bridge that gulf, guiding us through the inner lives of those diagnosed with schizophrenia, bipolar illness, depression, and paranoia, and emerging with nothing less than a new model for understanding one another and ourselves.
Agnosia and Apraxia: Selected Papers of Liepmann, Lange, and Potzl (Institute for Research in Behavioral Neuroscience Series)
by Jason W. Brown George Dean Ellen Perecman Emil Franzen Joachim LuwischFirst Published in 1988. The reader is invited to explore this collection of early German papers and not to analyze the work through a comparison with the present but to approach it with a relaxation of bias that extends a new hearing to old ideas. The reader may be surprised to see how little has changed in the association or callosal theory of apraxia since this review by Liepmann. Of interest is the care with which Liepmann studied his patients and the ingenious anatomical accounts.
The Agony and the Agony
by Betty LonderganServing up more attitude than a grounded 15-year-old, a laugh-out-loud, true-to-life guide to surviving your teenOCOs surly, slothful, sassy adolescence"
Agorafabulous!: Dispatches from My Bedroom
by Sara Benincasa“Sara Benincasa is one of the funniest writers I know—and I know a disturbing number of them. She is also one of the most honest.”—Sam Apple, author of American Parent and editor-in-chief of The Faster Times “Sara is extremely funny and should have many books out so we can all read them and laugh.” —Margaret ChoComedian, writer, blogger, radio and podcast host, and YouTube sensation, Sara Benincasa bravely and outrageously brings us “Dispatches from My Bedroom” with Agorafabulous! One of the funniest and most poignant books ever written about a mental illness, Agorafabulous! is a hilarious, raw, and unforgettable account of how a terrified young woman, literally trapped by her own imagination, evolved into a (relatively) high-functioning professional smartass. Down to earth and seriously funny, Benincasa’s no-holds-barred revelations offer readers the politically incorrect hilarity they heartily crave, yet is so often missing from your typical, weepy, and redemptive personal memoir.
Agressie bij kinderen
by Jan PloegAgressie is een probleem waarmee ouders, leerkrachten en hulpverleners dikwijls geen raad weten. Agressieve kinderen en jongeren blijken moeilijk te behandelen. Hoe moet agressie worden aangepakt? Waar komt agressie vandaag? Waarom is het ene kind wel en het andere niet agressief? En blijven agressieve kinderen altijd agressief? Op deze en andere vragen geeft dit boek antwoord. Agressie kan het functioneren van kinderen ernstig belemmeren. Thuis, op school en onder vrienden kan dat tot heftige problemen leiden. Voor opvoeders en hulpverleners is het van groot belang een goed inzicht te krijgen in het verschijnsel agressie. Dat kan helpen agressie een half toe te roepen of te voorkomen dat het agressieve kind steeds agressiever wordt. In de verschillende hoofdstukken belicht de auteur het verschijnsel agressie van begin tot eind. Het boek maakt duidelijk hoe agressie ontstaat, welke ontwikkelingen agressieve kinderen kunnen doormaken en welke oplossingen er zijn om agressie te voorkomen of in te perken. Dit helder geschreven overzichtswerk is bedoeld voor (aankomend) orthopedagogen, psychologen, sociaal-pedagogische hulpverleners, leerkrachten, beleidsmakers en andere professionals die met agressieve jeugdigen te maken hebben of krijgen.
The Aha! Moment: A Scientist's Take on Creativity
by David JonesThis book is about having ideas and—a much longer haul—making them work. David Jones, best known for his Daedalus column, tells a multitude of stories about creators and their creations, including his own fantastical-seeming contributions to mainstream science such as the unrideable bicycle and chemical gardens in space. His theory of creativity endows each of us with a Random-Ideas Generator, a Censor, and an Observer-Reasoner. Jones applies his theory to a wide range of weird scientific experiments that he has conducted for serious scientific papers, for challenging printed expositions, and for presentations to a TV audience. He even suggests new ones, not yet tried! Creativity is as essential to science as curiosity, physical intuition, and shrewd deduction from well-planned experiments. But, says Jones, ingenuity is very uncertain. Even for the greatest inventors, about 80 percent of ideas fail. Jokiness can help, and so can lots of random data. Jones has plenty of clever advice that will help spark that madly brilliant private thought in the first place—and will encourage you to take it further.Neither dense nor demanding, The Aha! Moment is engrossing, edifying, and scientifically serious; yet it is lightly written and asks lots of silly questions. As Jones shows, it can often pay to take an absurd idea seriously.
Ahmes’ Legacy: Puzzles And The Mathematical Mind (Mathematics in Mind)
by Marcel DanesiThis book looks at classic puzzles from the perspective of their structures and what they tell us about the brain. It uses the work on the neuroscience of mathematics from Dehaene, Butterworth, Lakoff, Núñez, and many others as a lens to understand the ways in which puzzles reflect imaginative processes blended with rational ones. The book is not about recreational or puzzle-based mathematics in and of itself but rather about what the classic puzzles tell us about the mathematical imagination and its impact on the discipline. It delves into the history of classic math puzzles, deconstructing their raison d’être and describing their psychological features, so that their nature can be fleshed out in order to help understand the mathematical mind.This volume is the first monographic treatment of the psychological nature of puzzles in mathematics. With its user-friendly technical level of discussion, it is of interest to both general readers and those who engage in the disciplines of mathematics, psychology, neuroscience, and/or anthropology. It is also ideal as a textbook source for courses in recreational mathematics, or as reference material in introductory college math courses.
AI and Common Sense: Ambitions and Frictions (Routledge Studies in Science, Technology and Society)
by Martin W. Bauer and Bernard SchieleCommon sense is the endless frontier in the development of artificial intelligence, but what exactly is common sense, can we replicate it in algorithmic form, and if we can – should we?Bauer, Schiele and their contributors from a range of disciplines analyse the nature of common sense, and the consequent challenges of incorporating into artificial intelligence models. They look at different ways we might understand common sense and which of these ways are simulated within computer algorithms. These include sensory integration, self-evident truths, rhetorical common places, and mutuality and intentionality of actors within a moral community. How far are these possible features within and of machines? Approaching from a range of perspectives including Sociology, Political Science, Media and Culture, Psychology and Computer Science, the contributors lay out key questions, practical challenges and "common sense" concerns underlying the incorporation of common sense within machine learning algorithms for simulating intelligence, socialising robots, self-driving vehicles, personnel selection, reading, automatic text analysis, and text production.A valuable resource for students and scholars of Science–Technology–Society Studies, Sociologists, Psychologists, Media and Culture Studies, human–computer interaction with an interest in the post-human, and programmers tackling the contextual questions of machine learning.
The AI Does Not Hate You: Superintelligence, Rationality and the Race to Save the World
by Tom Chivers'A fascinating and delightfully written book about some very smart people who may not, or may, be about to transform humanity forever' JON RONSONThis is a book about AI and AI risk. But it's also more importantly about a community of people who are trying to think rationally about intelligence, and the places that these thoughts are taking them, and what insight they can and can't give us about the future of the human race over the next few years. It explains why these people are worried, why they might be right, and why they might be wrong. It is a book about the cutting edge of our thinking on intelligence and rationality right now by the people who stay up all night worrying about it.Along the way, we discover why we probably don't need to worry about a future AI resurrecting a perfect copy of our minds and torturing us for not inventing it sooner, but we perhaps should be concerned about paperclips destroying life as we know it; how Mickey Mouse can teach us an important lesson about how to program AI; and how a more rational approach to life could be what saves us all.
AI for Creativity (AI for Everything)
by Niklas HagebackWhat is computational creativity? Can AI learn to be creative? One of the human mind’s most valuable features is the capacity to formulate creative thoughts, an ability that through quantum leap innovations has propelled us to the current digital age. However, creative breakthroughs are easier said than done. Appearing less frequently and more sporadically than desired, it seems that we have not yet fully cracked the creative code. But with the rapid advances in artificial intelligence which have come to provide an ever-closer proximity with the cognitive faculties of mankind, can this emerging technology improve our creative capabilities? What will that look like and will it be the missing link in the man–machine enigma? AI for Creativity provides a fascinating look at what is currently emerging in the very cutting-edge area of artificial intelligence and the tools being developed to enable computational creativity that holds the propensity to dramatically change our lives.
AI in Learning: Designing the Future
by Hannele Niemi Roy D. Pea Yu LuAI (Artificial Intelligence) is predicted to radically change teaching and learning in both schools and industry causing radical disruption of work. AI can support well-being initiatives and lifelong learning but educational institutions and companies need to take the changing technology into account. Moving towards AI supported by digital tools requires a dramatic shift in the concept of learning, expertise and the businesses built off of it. Based on the latest research on AI and how it is changing learning and education, this book will focus on the enormous opportunities to expand educational settings with AI for learning in and beyond the traditional classroom. This open access book also introduces ethical challenges related to learning and education, while connecting human learning and machine learning. This book will be of use to a variety of readers, including researchers, AI users, companies and policy makers.
AI Love You: Developments in Human-Robot Intimate Relationships
by Martin H. Fischer Yuefang ZhouUsing an interdisciplinary approach, this book explores the emerging topics and rapid technological developments of robotics and artificial intelligence through the lens of the evolving role of sex robots, and how they should best be designed to serve human needs. An international panel of authors provides the most up-to-date, evidence-based empirical research on the potential sexual applications of artificial intelligence. Early chapters discuss the objections to sexual activity with robots while also providing a counterargument to each objection. Subsequent chapters present the implications of robot sex as well as the security and data privacy issues associated with sexual interactions with artificial intelligence. The book concludes with a chapter highlighting the importance of a scientific, multidisciplinary approach to the study of human - robot sexuality. Topics featured in this book include: The Sexual Interaction Illusion Model. The personal companion system, Harmony, designed by Realbotix™. An exposition of the challenges of personal data control and protection when dealing with artificial intelligence. The current and future technological possibilities of projecting three-dimensional holograms. Expert discussion notes from an international workshop on the topic. AI Love You will be of interest to academic researchers in psychology, robotics, ethics, medical science, sociology, gender studies as well as clinicians, policy makers, and the business sector.
AI on The Job: Guide to Successful Human-Machine Collaboration
by Andreas MoringThis book is a practical guide to using artificial intelligence with motivated employees in companies and organizations. You will learn what the prerequisites are for people to look forward to productive collaboration with "intelligent machines". Because this is the only way to leverage the full potential of AI. To this end, you will receive an overview of how and where AI can be used in companies and how to identify the right areas of application for AI in your company. The main issue here is the following: which tasks will be taken over by AI in the future and which should continue to be performed by employees. These decisions change processes and tasks and require practical change management and motivation. In this book, you will learn how to motivate and inspire people for these new tasks, so that the steps towards using AI in the work environment can succeed in the best possible way. About the Author: Prof. Dr. Andreas Moring is Professor of Digital Business, Innovation & AI at the International School of Management. He is founder and director of the JuS.TECH Institute for AI and Sustainability, co-founder of the WeGoFive initiative for productive human-AI cooperation and topic sponsor for human-AI cooperation at the Artificial Intelligence Center ARIC in Hamburg. This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition KI im Job by Andreas Moring, published by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature in 2021. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.
AI vs Humans
by Michael W. Eysenck Christine EysenckThe great majority of books on artificial intelligence are written by AI experts who understandably focus on its achievements and potential transformative effects on society. In contrast, AI vs Humans is written by two psychologists (Michael and Christine Eysenck) whose perspective on AI (including robotics) is based on their knowledge and understanding of human cognition. This book evaluates the strengths and limitations of people and AI. The authors’ expertise equips them well to consider this by seeing how well (or badly) AI compares to human intelligence. They accept that AI matches or exceeds human ability in many spheres such as mathematical calculations, complex games (e.g., chess, Go, and poker), diagnosis from medical images, and robotic surgery.However, the human tendency to anthropomorphise has led many people to claim mistakenly that AI systems can think, infer, reason, and understand while engaging in information processing. In fact, such systems lack all those cognitive skills and are also deficient in the quintessentially human abilities of flexibility of thinking and general intelligence. At a time when human commitment to AI appears unstoppable, this up-to-date book advocates a symbiotic and co-operative relationship between humans and AI. It will be essential reading for anyone interested in AI and human cognition.
Aid, Peacebuilding and the Resurgence of War
by Sarah HoltAs one of South Asia's oldest democracies Sri Lanka is a critical case to examine the limits of a liberal peace, peacebuilding and external engagement in the settlement of civil wars. Based on nine years of research, and more than 100 interviews with those affected by the war, NGOs, and local and international elites engaged in the peace process.
Aided Augmentative Communication for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (Autism and Child Psychopathology Series)
by Jennifer B. GanzJust as autism is a continuum of disorders, it is associated with a broad range of neurodevelopmental, social, and communication deficits. For individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) has a major impact on their daily lives, often reducing the occurrence of challenging behaviors. Aided Augmentative Communication for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders is a practical guide to the field, offering readers a solid grounding in ASD, related complex communication needs (CCN), and AAC, especially visual and computer-based technologies. Widely used interventions and tools in AAC are reviewed--not just how they work, but why they work--to aid practitioners in choosing those most suited to individual clients or students. Issues in evaluation for aided AAC and debates concerning its usability round out the coverage. Readers come away with a deeper understanding of the centrality of communication for clients with ASD and the many possibilities for intervention Key areas of coverage include: AAC and assessment of people with ASD and CCN. Interdisciplinary issues and collaboration in assessment and treatment. AAC intervention mediated by natural communication partners. Functional communication training with AAC. The controversy surrounding facilitated communication. Sign language versus AAC. Aided Augmentative Communication for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders is an essential resource for clinicians/practitioners, researchers, and graduate students in such fields as child and school psychology, speech pathology, language education, developmental psychology, behavior therapy, and educational technology.
AIDS: Principles, Practices, and Politics (Death Education, Aging and Health Care)
by Inge B. Corless Mary Pittman-LindemanFirst published in 1989. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
AIDS: The Politics of Survival (Policy, Politics, Health and Medicine Series)
by Nancy Krieger Glen MargoIn one short decade, the politics of AIDS has become the politics of survival. In a world whose social order is changing before our eyes, AIDS insistently brings new meaning to the age-old question of what it is we must do to survive-as individuals, as families, as communities, as nations, as members of an interdependent world. This book brings together a collection of articles that frankly discuss what it will take to stop the AIDS epidemic and deal with the devastation it has already wrought.
AIDS: The Ultimate Challenge
by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross"None of us is so unique as to be exempt from the human condition." As the numbers of reported AIDS cases continue to climb, and the disease continues to take more and more lives, those who have to deal with the complexities of this problem continue to ask: "How do we care for these terminally ill?" Using letters from patients, questions and answers between patient and doctor, and other compassionate tools, Dr. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, the world's foremost expert on death and dying, shows us how to comfort the seriously ill and help AIDS patients through the critical "stages of dying" She addresses the stigma surrounding AIDS as a "gay disease" and makes a special plea for prisoners with AIDS, for women and children with AIDS, and for babies with AIDS. This remarkable book is warm and informative on one of the most important subjects of our time.
Aids: Effective Health Communicaton for the 90's
by Scott C. RatzanDespite educational efforts, the majority of Americans are still under the misconception that they are not at risk from HIV/AIDS infection. In addition, the federal government only spends 2% of the total designated federal AIDS funding toward prevention. Thus, information in respect to AIDS and health communication in any comprehensive nature is almost nonexistent.; This book aims to rectify the situation by presenting detailed analysis and actions necessary to confront the AIDS pandemic on every level of the communication realm. Contributors are experienced researchers, educators, government officials, and physicians. They examine the issue from a number of standpoints, including: communication, adolescent medicine, public administration, psychology, journalism, audiology, speech and language pathology, neurological surgery, preventive medicine and public health.
AIDS and Alcohol/Drug Abuse: Psychosocial Research
by Dennis FisherAIDS is the number one health issue facing the nation today. The way in which AIDS relates to substance abuse is explored by drug abuse researchers in this timely volume. A major focus of AIDS and Alcohol/Drug Abuse is on the problems of conducting AIDS research on racial minorities in this country. Bringing together experts in the field, this volume examines the specific obstacles and challenges researchers have faced in assessing and addressing the needs of underserved populations and maps routes and procedures that can improve both research and available health care services.This unique volume also focuses on aspects of HIV infection that have received little attention elsewhere. It includes the first information published in the open literature about intravenous drug use in Alaska. Another chapter highlights some little-known facts that relate substance abuse to HIV infection in the American Indian/Alaskan Native population, among whom--it has been predicted--a devastating epidemic of HIV infection is likely. Problems with prevention, research, and treatment of individuals who are both intravenous drug users and who are infected with HIV are explored. Other chapters look at the transmission of HIV infection--by gay men who are alcoholics and by intravenous drug users. AIDS and Alcohol/Drug Abuse ends with hopeful chapter for AIDS prevention. Readers interested in the relationship of intravenous drug use and HIV infection, particularly among racial and ethnic minorities, will find this to be a practical, readable book. In particular, substance abuse counselors and researchers, and anyone involved in the AIDS prevention movement will find a valuable wealth of information.
AIDS and Community-Based Drug Intervention Programs: Evaluation and Outreach
by Dennis Fisher Richard NeedleDelve into the uncharted territory of the “hidden” drug addict--users who are not in treatment, not incarcerated, and not officially accessible for research purposes through traditional means. AIDS and Community-Based Drug Intervention Programs describes short-term interventions used to reduce the odds that these drug users will get infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The book explains new methods that are being developed, such as targeted sampling, social network analysis, geomapping, and other amalgams of both quantitative and qualitative approaches, that need to be forged to overcome the challenges of the war against AIDS. The research described in this important book was conducted under the Cooperative Agreement for AIDS Community-Based Outreach/Intervention Research funding mechanism of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Chapters include research on several ethnic groups, including Alaska natives, Puerto Ricans, and Navaho teens. AIDS and Community-Based Drug Treatment Programs, written by experts in the field, is a broad-based treatment of the subject by those who are actually doing the work in the trenches. Authors cover topics such as: the use of goal-oriented counseling and peer support to reduce HIV/AIDS risk quantitative and qualitative methods to assess behavioral change among injection drug users (IDUs) the importance of sampling from hidden populations in research a public health model for reducing AIDS-related risk behavior among IDUs and their sexual partners characteristics of female sexual partners of IDUs strategies used to implement random sampling strategies in the recruitment of out-of-treatment crack and IDUs ethnographic analysis of intravenous drug use analysis of contact tracing strategies employed to combat the AIDS epidemic the use of pile sorts to enhance other tools used by drug prevention programsAIDS and Community-Based Drug Intervention Programs is full of current research and useful information for professionals interested in learning about strategies for conducting HIV/AIDS research among hard-to-reach populations. Substance abuse researchers, treatment professionals, and people involved in AIDS prevention programs, state and county health departments, and criminal justice systems will find much relevant and important information to use in their daily work.
AIDS and Intravenous Drug Use: Community Intervention & Prevention
by C. G. Leukefeld Robert J. Battjes Z. AmselFirst published in 1990. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
AIDS and Mental Health Practice: Clinical and Policy Issues
by R Dennis Shelby Michael ShernoffAddressing contemporary issues faced by individuals with HIV/AIDS, AIDS and Mental Health Practice: Clinical and Policy Issues provides psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors with research and case studies that offers models for effective clinical practice at this stage of the epidemic. Each chapter is written by experts in the field and demonstrates ways to provide better services to different populations, many of whom are ignored in AIDS and mental health literature. As a result, this book will provide professionals in the field and students in training with the most current practice information about mental health practice and HIV/AIDS. AIDS and Mental Health Practice will help you understand the diverse needs of people with HIV/AIDS and organize services to assist these populations. AIDS and Mental Health Practice discusses issues that affect several different groups in order to help you understand the unique situations of your clients. You will learn how to design treatments that will be most beneficial to Latinos, intravenous drug users, orphaned children, African Americans, HIV-negative gay men, HIV nonprogressors, HIV-positive transsexuals, end-stage AIDS clients, couples of mixed HIV status, and individuals suffering from HIV-associated Cognitive Motor Disorder. This book provides you with approaches that will improve services for these populations, including: talking to patients about the positive and negative aspects of taking protease inhibitors and discussing their feelings of hope, skepticism, and fear of being disappointed by the treatment preparing clients to go back to work by exploring the meaning of work and referring them to vocational services if necessary providing support groups for people living with AIDS (PLWAs), their loved ones, their families, and individuals in bereavement as a result of an AIDS-related death organizing a HIV-negative gay men’s support group that uses exercises and homework to focus on the members’ambivalent connection to the AIDS community, how they remain HIV negative, and ways to deal with separation and grief issues assessing and/or correcting underlying racism in AIDS service organizationsThe prevention and intervention strategies in Mental Health and AIDS Practice will help you address and treat mental health issues associated with HIV/AIDS and offer clients more effective and relevant services.