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Generative Conversations for Creative Learning
by Robyn Ewing Gloria LathamThis book builds on conversations between the author educators and other experts in the field, including authors, illustrators and teachers, to explore the benefits of discussions around quality literature within a classroom context that exercises the imagination and generates new ideas and discoveries. The book focuses on a range of strategies that can be utilised to reimagine literacy learning in a 21st century context including parent and teacher talk; active listening; fostering student driven questions; building vocabulary and imagery; and metacognitive talk. These are argued to have a hugely beneficial impact on how children learn to solve problems, engage in complex thought processes, negotiate meaning, as well as learning how to wonder, explore, create and defend ideas. The book also defends the importance of parents, teachers and academics as 'storytellers', using their bodies and voices as instruments of engagement and power. It will make compelling reading for students, teachers and researchers working in the fields of education and sociology, particularly those with an interest in creative methods for improving literacy.
Genes and the Motivation to Use Substances
by Scott F. StoltenbergHuman beings have been using intoxicating substances for millennia. But while most people have used psychoactive substances without becoming dependent on them, a significant minority develop substance use disorders. The question remains: why does addiction occur in some and not others? The 61st installment of the Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, Genes and the Motivation to Use Substances probes the complex role of genetics in substance use and abuse across diverse methodologies, research organisms, levels of analysis and disciplines. Its combined lifespan/motivation approach to individual differences sheds necessary light on genetic vs. environmental factors in vulnerability, addiction risk, the relationship between behavioral disinhibition and substance use and the motivation to quit. While alcohol use/abuse is the focus of much of the book, its chapters provide scientific and clinical insights into substance abuse in general as well as implications for treatment. And an intriguing conclusion discusses the need to bridge the gap between genetics and neuroscience and the best scientific conditions in which this integration may thrive. Included in the coverage: * Rodent models of genetic contributions to the motivation to use alcohol. * The adolescent origins of substance abuse disorders * The developmental matrix of addictive behavior * The genetics of cannabis involvement * The DNA methylation signature of smoking * Genomics of impulsivity: integrating genetics and neuroscience. Reflecting the current state of knowledge in a field with groundbreaking potential, Genes and the Motivation to Use Substances is a fascinating resource for psychologists, psychiatrists, geneticists, neuroscientists, social workers, policymakers and researchers in addiction.
Genes on the Couch: Explorations in Evolutionary Psychotherapy
by Paul Gilbert Kent G. BaileyPhilosophers and therapists have long theorised about how psychological mechanisms for love, jealousy, anxiety, depression and many other human characteristics may have evolved over millions of years. In the dawn of the new insights on evolution, provided by Darwin's theories of natural selection, Freud, Jung and Klein sought to identify and understand human motives, emotions and information processing as functions deeply-rooted in our evolved history. Despite this promising start and major developments in modern evolutionary psychology, anthropology and sociobiology, the last fifty years has seen little in the way of therapies derived from an evolutionary understanding of human psychology. The contributors to this timely book illuminate how an evolution focused approach to psychopathology can offer new insights for different schools of therapy and provide a rationale for therapeutic integration.Genes on the Couch brings together respected clinicians who have integrated evolutionary insights into their case conceptualisations and therapeutic interventions. Various psychotherapy schools are represented, and each author provides illustrative examples of the interventions used. Specific topics addressed include the nature of evolved mental mechanisms; regulation/dysregulation of internal processes; attachment and kinship in therapy; the importance of internalising warmth as a therapeutic goal; kin selection and incest avoidance; co-operation and deception in social relations; difficulties in working with certain male clients; gender differences in therapy and the roles of shame and guilt in treatment.Providing up-to-date summaries of recent thinking in this increasing important but diverse area, Genes on the Couch will be of interest to psychotherapists, psychiatrists and a wide range of mental health professionals.
Genes, Brain, and Development
by Marcia A. BarnesGenetic syndromes and neurodevelopmental disorders that have a genetic basis are associated with cognitive and academic disabilities. Genes, Brain and Development reviews the connections between genes, brain, and behavior for a range of genetic disorders, and also considers lifespan and treatment issues. The content further explores what is known about development in neurogenetic disorders, particularly in the domains of language and mathematics, and shows how this knowledge is pertinent to understanding both these specific disorders, and disorders of language and math more generally. This will be essential reading for a wide range of brain scientists and developmental clinicians, including neuropsychologists, cognitive psychologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, pediatricians, neuroscientists and geneticists.
Genes, Brains, and Human Potential: The Science and Ideology of Intelligence
by Ken RichardsonFor countless generations people have been told that their potential as humans is limited and fundamentally unequal. The social order, they have been assured, is arranged by powers beyond their control. More recently the appeal has been to biology, specifically the genes, brain sciences, the concept of intelligence, and powerful new technologies. Reinforced through the authority of science and a growing belief in bio-determinism, the ordering of the many for the benefit of a few has become more entrenched. Yet scientists are now waking up to the influence of ideology on research and its interpretation. In Genes, Brains, and Human Potential, Ken Richardson illustrates how the ideology of human intelligence has infiltrated genetics, brain sciences, and psychology, flourishing in the vagueness of basic concepts, a shallow nature-versus-nurture debate, and the overhyped claims of reductionists. He shows how ideology, more than pure science, has come to dominate our institutions, especially education, encouraging fatalism about the development of human intelligence among individuals and societies. Genes, Brains, and Human Potential goes much further: building on work being done in molecular biology, epigenetics, dynamical systems, evolution theory, and complexity theory, it maps a fresh understanding of intelligence and the development of human potential. Concluding with an upbeat message for human possibilities, this synthesis of diverse perspectives will engender new conversations among students, researchers, and other interested readers.
Genes, Memes, Culture, and Mental Illness
by Hoyle LeighWhat produces mental illness: genes, environment, both,neither? The answer can be found in memes--replicable units of information linking genes and environment in the memory and in culture--whose effects on individual brain development can be benign or toxic. This book reconceptualizes mental disorders as products of stressful gene-meme interactions and introduces a biopsychosocial template for meme-based diagnosis and treatment. A range of therapeutic modalities, both broad-spectrum (meditation) and specific(cognitive-behavioral), for countering negative memes and their replication are considered, as are possibilities for memetic prevention strategies. In this book, the author outlines the roles of genes and memes in the evolution of the human brain; elucidates the creation, storage, and evolution of memes within individual brains; examines culture as a carrier and supplier of memes to the individual; provides examples of gene-meme interactions that can result in anxiety, depression, and other disorders; proposes a multiaxial gene-meme model for diagnosing mental illness; identifies areas of meme-based prevention for at-risk children; and defines specific syndromes in terms of memetic symptoms, genetic/ memetic development, and meme-based treatment.
Genesis of Symbolic Thought
by Alan BarnardSymbolic thought is what makes us human. Claude Lévi-Strauss stated that we can never know the genesis of symbolic thought, but in this powerful new study Alan Barnard argues that we can. Continuing the line of analysis initiated in Social Anthropology and Human Origins (Cambridge University Press, 2011), Genesis of Symbolic Thought applies ideas from social anthropology, old and new, to understand some of the areas also being explored in fields as diverse as archaeology, linguistics, genetics and neuroscience. Barnard aims to answer questions including: when and why did language come into being? What was the earliest religion? And what form did social organization take before humanity dispersed from the African continent? Rejecting the notion of hunter-gatherers as 'primitive', Barnard hails the great sophistication of the complex means of their linguistic and symbolic expression and places the possible origin of symbolic thought at as early as 130,000 years ago.
Genetic Algorithms and their Applications: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Genetic Algorithms
by John J. GrefenstetteFirst Published in 1987. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Genetic Influences on Addiction
by James MackillopAlthough there is scientific consensus that genetic factors play a substantial rolein an individual's vulnerability to drug or alcohol addiction, specific genetic variables linked torisk or resilience remain elusive. Understanding how genetic factors contribute to addiction mayrequire focusing on intermediary mechanisms, or intermediate phenotypes, that connect geneticvariation and risk for addiction. This book offers a comprehensive review of thismechanistic-centered approach and the most promising intermediate phenotypes identified in empiricalresearch. The contributors first consider the most established findings in thefield, including variability in drug metabolism, brain electrophysiological profiles, and subjectivereactions to direct drug effects; they go on to review highly promising areas such as expectancies,attentional processing, and behavioral economic variables; and finally, they investigate moreexploratory approaches, including the differential susceptibility hypothesis and epigeneticmodifications. Taken together, the chapters offer a macro-level testing of the hypothesis that thesealternative, mechanistic phenotypes can advance the understanding of genetic influences onaddiction. The book will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in a range of disciplines,including behavioral genetics, psychology, pharmacology, neuroscience, andsociology. Contributors: John Acker, Steven R. H. Beach, Gene H. Brody, Angela D. Bryan, Megan J. Chenoweth, Danielle M. Dick, Eske D. Derks, Mary-Anne Enoch, Meg Gerrard, FrederickX. Gibbons, Thomas E. Gladwin, Mark S. Goldman, Marcus Heilig, Kent E. Hutchison, Hollis C. Karoly,Steven M. Kogan, Man Kit Lei, Susan Luczak, James MacKillop, Renee E. Magnan, Leah M. Mayo, MarcusR. Munafò, Daria Orlowska, Abraham A. Palmer, Danielle Pandika, Clarissa C. Parker, Robert A. Philibert, Lara A. Ray, Richard R. Reich, Ronald L. Simons, Courtney J. Stevens, Rachel E. Thayer,Rachel F. Tyndale, Tamara L. Wall, Reinout W. Wiers, Michael Windle, Harriet de Wit
Genetic Influences on Addiction: An Intermediate Phenotype Approach (The\mit Press Ser.)
by James MacKillopA comprehensive review of research examining intermediary mechanisms to understand the link between genetic variation and addiction liability.Although there is scientific consensus that genetic factors play a substantial role in an individual's vulnerability to drug or alcohol addiction, specific genetic variables linked to risk or resilience remain elusive. Understanding how genetic factors contribute to addiction may require focusing on intermediary mechanisms, or intermediate phenotypes, that connect genetic variation and risk for addiction. This book offers a comprehensive review of this mechanistic-centered approach and the most promising intermediate phenotypes identified in empirical research.The contributors first consider the most established findings in the field, including variability in drug metabolism, brain electrophysiological profiles, and subjective reactions to direct drug effects; they go on to review highly promising areas such as expectancies, attentional processing, and behavioral economic variables; and finally, they investigate more exploratory approaches, including the differential susceptibility hypothesis and epigenetic modifications. Taken together, the chapters offer a macro-level testing of the hypothesis that these alternative, mechanistic phenotypes can advance the understanding of genetic influences on addiction. The book will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in a range of disciplines, including behavioral genetics, psychology, pharmacology, neuroscience, and sociology.ContributorsJohn Acker, Steven R.H. Beach, Gene H. Brody, Angela D. Bryan, Megan J. Chenoweth, Danielle M. Dick, Eske D. Derks, Mary-Anne Enoch, Meg Gerrard, Frederick X. Gibbons, Thomas E. Gladwin, Mark S. Goldman, Marcus Heilig, Kent E. Hutchison, Hollis C. Karoly, Steven M. Kogan, Man Kit Lei, Susan Luczak, James MacKillop, Renee E. Magnan, Leah M. Mayo, Marcus R. Munafò, Daria Orlowska, Abraham A. Palmer, Danielle Pandika, Clarissa C. Parker, Robert A. Philibert, Lara A. Ray, Richard R. Reich, Ronald L. Simons, Courtney J. Stevens, Rachel E. Thayer, Rachel F. Tyndale, Tamara L. Wall, Reinout W. Wiers, Michael Windle, Harriet de Wit
Genetic Influences on Response to Drug Treatment for Major Psychiatric Disorders
by Janusz K. Rybakowski Alessandro SerrettiWritten by global experts, this book provides a modern comprehensive insight into the pharmacogenetics of treatment of major psychoses: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. The pharmacogenomics of three categories of the most important psychiatric drugs, antipsychotics, antidepressants and mood stabilizers, has been updated and reviewed. Some promising directions and perspectives for future research in pharmacogenetics in major psychoses are indicated. They are, among others, connected with the development of new methods in molecular genetics and with linking pharmacogenetics assessment with biomarkers, including neuroimaging ones. Finally, the attempts to use pharmacogenetics of antipsychotic, antidepressant and mood-stabilizing drugs in practice are presented. New pharmacogenetic tools may greatly contribute to introducing personalized medicine into psychiatric clinical practice.
Genetic Syndromes and Applied Behaviour Analysis: A Handbook for ABA Practitioners
by Andrew Davis Sylvana Yeung Linda Moroz Dayna Taylor-Weir Jane Summers Shelley L. Watson Kerry Boyd Faten Matar Jeffery Hamelin Jennifer Tysick Lauren Ireland Emily Moxey Brenda Finucane Elliot Simon Barbara Haas-Givler Keeley White Sarah Ruiter Tali Amar Jan Frijters Joanna Cappuccitti Milena Kako Dorothy Griffiths Ami Morris Julie Krieger Carina Gratton Melissa Legree Rosemary Condillac Tracy Billingsley Diana Kondratenko Dalena Anzivino Anne Brennan Kristin BakerThis ground-breaking resource demonstrates how genetic knowledge can influence our understanding of a child's behaviour and therefore inform their behavioural support plan. With expert advice and clear instructions, it shows exactly how to go about incorporating syndrome knowledge into ABA practice and start treating children with specific genetic syndromes more effectively. Six different genetic syndromes are covered in detail, ranging from Angelman syndrome to Williams syndrome. The book also includes general sections on genetic intellectual disability syndromes and an explanation of ABA methodology. This will be an invaluable and enlightening book for ABA practitioners and other professionals supporting people with intellectual disabilities caused by a specific genetic syndrome from age 3 to young adult, providing the missing link between ABA and the role that genetics can play in accurate assessment and intervention.
Genetics Education: Current Challenges and Possible Solutions (Contributions from Biology Education Research)
by Anat Yarden Michal Haskel-IttahThis edited volume presents the current state of the art of genetics education and the challenges it holds for teaching as well as for learning. It addresses topics such as how genetics should be taught in order to provide students with a wide and connected view of the field. It gives in-depth aspects that should be considered for teaching genetics and the effect on the student’s understanding. This book provides novel ideas for biology teachers, curriculum developers and researchers on how to confront the presented challenges in a way that may enable them to advance genetics education in the 21st century. It reviews the complexity of teaching and learning genetics, largely overlooked by biology textbooks and classroom instruction. It composes a crucial component of scientific literacy.
Genetics and the Psychology of Motor Performance (Routledge Research in Sport and Exercise Science)
by Gershon Tenenbaum Sigal Ben-Zaken Véronique RichardDespite the prevalence of behavioral research conducted through genetic studies, there is an absence of literature pertaining to the genetics of motor behavior. Genetics and the Psychology of Motor Performance is the first book to integrate cutting-edge genetic research into the study of the psychological aspects of motor learning and control.The book’s central line of enquiry revolves around the extent to which psychological factors central to motor proficiency – including personality, emotion, self-regulation, motivation, and perceptual-cognitive skills – are acquired or inherited. It explains how these factors affect motor performance, distilling the latest research into their genetic underpinnings and, in doing so, assessing the magnitude of the role genetics plays in the stages of motor development, from early proficiency through to expertise.Written by leading experts in the genetics of human performance and exercise psychology, and thoroughly illustrated throughout, Genetics and the Psychology of Motor Performance is a crucial resource for any upper-level student or researcher seeking a deeper understanding of motor learning. It is an important book for anyone studying or working in exercise psychology, motor development, exercise genetics, or exercise physiology more broadly.
Genetics of Mental Disorders: What Practitioners and Students Need to Know
by Stephen V. Faraone Ming T. Tsuang Debby W. TangIntroduces ideas about inherited genetically based mental disorders and how they combine with environmental factors. thinks about mental disorders with insight.
Genetics of Sleep and Sleep Disorders
by Philip Gehrman Alex C. Keene Struan F. GrantThis book focuses on the latest research on the genetic basis of the regulation of sleep and wakefulness and of sleep and circadian rhythm disorders, which has been expanding rapidly due to advances in genetics. The book reviews the latest genetic discoveries in animals and humans and explores their implications for getting a good night's sleep. Philp Gehrman, Alex Keene, Struan Grant, and a cadre of top sleep researchers and clinicians explore the genetics of sleep and sleep disorders in depth. The book should appeal to sleep medicine specialists, psychiatrists, geneticists, and neuroscientists.
Genetics of Substance Use: Research and Clinical Aspects
by Michael M. VanyukovThe book illuminates the complex problems in genetic studies of substance use and addiction. It provides a comprehensive overview that fills the gap in the literature and points out future directions.The book includes three sections that apply to any complex traits and disorders, particularly psychological and psychiatric. The first section covers the traits and phenotypes that are the target of genetic research in substance use and addiction. Following this, the second section analyzes the methods and results of biometric genetic studies in this area. The third section reviews research in gene mapping and epigenetics. Genetics of Substance Use is a first-of-its-kind monograph that presents contemporary solutions and methods for a wide range of researchers and practitioners across disciplines.
Genetics, Disability and the Law: Towards an EU Legal Framework (Cambridge Disability Law and Policy Series)
by Aisling De PaorWhile advances in science and technology bring many advantages, we must not ignore the harm that they can cause. Rapid changes in genetic testing are a prime example, and indicators can now help to detect, address and treat diseases. However, in this new study, Aisling de Paor examines how genetic testing is also being used for non-medical reasons, for example for work opportunities and insurance coverage. Genetics, Disability and the Law is the first book of its kind to substantively consider an EU-level response to the use of genetic information. de Paor discusses how to help genetic and scientific research to evolve and grow, how to enhance public confidence in research, and how to control it so that it recognises our values and fundamental human rights. An understudied but vitally important topic, de Paor's work provides a valuable and timely contribution to the field of disability rights. Presents a practical consideration of an EU-level legislative response to controlling the use and misuse of genetic information, appealing to those involved in the regulation of this field Takes a human rights and disability approach to considering the regulation of genetic information, which will interest scholars and policymakers from a variety of disciplines, in particular because it considers the intersection of disability and genetics Considers normative and non-normative attitudes to the regulation of genetic information, giving readers a new and varied insight
Gene–Culture Interactions: Toward an Explanatory Framework (Elements in Psychology and Culture)
by Joni Y. Sasaki Heewon KwonExamining the interconnections between genes and culture is crucial for a more complete understanding of psychological processes. Genetic predispositions may predict different outcomes depending on one's cultural context, and culture may predict different outcomes depending on genetic predispositions - that is, genes and culture interact. Less is understood, however, about how genes and culture interact, or the psychological mechanisms through which gene–culture interactions occur. In this Element, Joni Y. Sasaki and Heewon Kwon review key findings and theories in gene–culture interaction research. They then go on to discuss current issues and future directions in gene–culture research that may illuminate the path toward an explanatory framework.
Genialität, Depressivität, Resilienz: Byron, James, Hemingway – ihr Leben und Werk aus biopsychosozialer Sicht
by Viktor SarrisDieses essential behandelt die psychischen Erkrankungen von Lord George Byron, William James und Ernest Hemingway – drei genialen Persönlichkeiten der Poesie, Wissenschaft und Literatur. Es wird untersucht, wie diese Genies mit ihrer schweren Depressivität zeit ihres Lebens umgegangen sind. Dabei interessiert besonders die Frage, welche psychischen Widerstände sie gegen ihre Depressionen mobilisieren konnten (Resilienz). Ihr persönliches Schicksal wird jeweils unter einem biopsychosozialen Blickwinkel der Möglichkeiten und Grenzen ihrer kognitiv-emotionalen Abwehrkräfte behandelt. Damit wird auch die Frage berührt, welche Bedeutung die Resilienz für die Kontrolle von Suizidalität hat.
Genie und Psychopathologie: Drei psychohistorische Fälle (essentials)
by Viktor SarrisDieses essential behandelt die psychischen Erkrankungen von Robert Schumann, Vincent van Gogh und Virginia Woolf - diesen Genialen der Musik, Malerei und Literatur - aus psychohistorischer Sicht. Es stellt die Frage, wie diese drei gro#65533;en Pers#65533;nlichkeiten mit ihren schweren Depressionen umgegangen sind. Ihr Schicksal ist neben der klinisch-medizinischen Seite auch unter einem psychologischen und anthropologischen Blickwinkel von Interesse. Das Thema wird im Rahmen eines biopsychosozialen Modells im Zusammenhang mit der sogenannten Mad-Genius-Hypothese behandelt. Dabei steht die zu beachtende Problematik einer Stigmatisierung und gesellschaftlichen Ausgrenzung von Genialen und psychisch Labilen bzw. Kranken ebenfalls im Raum.
Genital Autonomy:
by Frederick M. Hodges Marilyn Fayre Milos George C. DennistonCircumcision affects 15.3 million children and young adults annually. In terms of gender, 13.3 million boys and 2 million girls are subjected to the involuntary removal of part or all of their external sexual organs every year. The problem of female circumcision has been addressed on an international level, but male circumcision remains a controversial subject that many academics have been reluctant to examine. Circumcision is tolerated today because it has been practiced for millennia by a small but vocal minority of religious and ethnic groups, however, when the practice is examined through the lens of modern legal, ethical, and human rights advancements, no place remains in civilized society for this body-altering ritual. In Genital Autonomy: Protecting Personal Choice, international experts address various types of genital modifications, the impact of these harmful traditional practices on the child, on human rights, and on the development of the concept of bodily integrity. The papers presented in this volume address these topics from a variety of angles. They question and dissects the true motivations of the doctors, witch doctors, and "holy men" who promote and profit from circumcision.
Genital Cutting: Protecting Children from Medical, Cultural, and Religious Infringements
by Frederick M. Hodges Marilyn Fayre Milos George C. DennistonThis volume contains the proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Circumcision, Genital Integrity, and Human Rights. Authors are international experts in their fields, and the book contains the most up-to-date information on the issue of genital cutting of infants and children from medical, legal, bioethical, and human rights perspectives.
Genitori Single e Loro Figli: Le Buone Notizie Che Nessuno Mai Ti Dice
by Bella Depaulo Valentina StaffieriGenitori Single e Loro Figli: Le Buone Notizie che Nessuno Mai Ti Dice di Bella DePaulo Un libro di buone notizie sui figli di genitori single, basato sulla ricerca scientifica "Genitori Single e Loro Figli" è una raccolta di articoli che fanno cadere i miti, che accrescono la consapevolezza che sfida tutti gli stereotipi che diminuiscono e degradano le famiglie monoparentali. Attingendo alle ricerche scientifiche, la Dr.ssa Bella DePaulo dimostra che le fosche previsioni sul destino dei figli di genitori single sono grossolanamente esagerate o semplicemente sbagliate. Inoltre, ci sono modi in cui i figli di genitori single se la cavano meglio di chiunque altro. Le Buone Notizie che Nessuno Mai Ti Dice. La professoressa DePaulo è stata descritta dalla rivista Atlantic come "la più importante pensatrice e scrittrice americana sull'esperienza del single." Questo libro contiene più di una dozzina dei suoi scritti più influenti sui genitori single e i loro figli, oltre a diversi contributi di ospiti. Gli articoli di Bella DePaulo originariamente sono apparsi nel suo popolare blog "Living Single" in Psychology Today e il suo blog "Single at Heart" a PsychCentral, così come sul Guardian.
Genius 101 (Springer Ser.)
by Dean Keith SimontonGenius," contrary to common belief, is not strictly a matter of intelligence. Intellect, personality, creativity, even serendipity play a significant role in molding a genius. So, what does it mean to be a genius? Genius 101 examines the many definitions of "genius," and the multiple domains in which it appears, including art, science, music, business, literature, and the media. Dr. Simonton introduces the study of genius theory and the research supporting it, using non-scientific, accessible language-fit for a non-genius.