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Property: A Study in Social Psychology (Psychology Library Editions: Social Psychology)
by Ernest BeagleholeFirst published in 1931, this book represents an attempt to study the psychological basis of the institution of property. There had been many psychological and social studies of marriage and religion prior to publication of this title but none which considered the problems which arise when the institution of property is viewed from the angle of social psychology. Some of these problems are set out in the first chapter. In the remaining chapters the author discusses the problems in the light of evidence drawn from the various branches of psychology and sociology of the day. The final chapter indicates the importance of the author’s conclusions for political and social theory at the time.
Prophecy
by Sandro VeronesiFROM THE BESTSELLING AUTHOR OF THE HUMMINGBIRD'The dawn will still be far away, and you will lift your eyes to the sky, and the sky will be as black as sackcloth and ashes'Addressed to a 'you' that encompasses the author, the reader and all of us at once, narrated in the future tense of apocalyptic texts and inspired by Sandro Veronesi's own experience of caring for his elderly parents, Prophecy is a powerful and unforgettable story of immense grief and infinite love.A visionary take on life by one of today's most remarkable writers.PRAISE FOR SANDRO VERONESI'S THE HUMMINGBIRDWinner of the Premio Strega | A Guardian and Spectator Book of the Year'Magnificent'GUARDIAN'A towering achievement'FINANCIAL TIMES'Inventive, bold, unexpected'SUNDAY TIMES'Masterly'IAN MCEWAN'Extraordinary'HOWARD JACOBSON'A real masterpiece'LEILA SLIMANI
Prophecy
by Sandro VeronesiFROM THE BESTSELLING AUTHOR OF THE HUMMINGBIRD'The dawn will still be far away, and you will lift your eyes to the sky, and the sky will be as black as sackcloth and ashes'Addressed to a 'you' that encompasses the author, the reader and all of us at once, narrated in the future tense of apocalyptic texts and inspired by Sandro Veronesi's own experience of caring for his elderly parents, Prophecy is a powerful and unforgettable story of immense grief and infinite love.A visionary take on life by one of today's most remarkable writers.PRAISE FOR SANDRO VERONESI'S THE HUMMINGBIRDWinner of the Premio Strega | A Guardian and Spectator Book of the Year'Magnificent'GUARDIAN'A towering achievement'FINANCIAL TIMES'Inventive, bold, unexpected'SUNDAY TIMES'Masterly'IAN MCEWAN'Extraordinary'HOWARD JACOBSON'A real masterpiece'LEILA SLIMANI
Prophecy, Behaviour and Change: An Examination of Self-fulfilling Prophecies in Helping Relationships (Psychology Library Editions: Personality)
by Gerald G. SmaleProfessional helpers may harm their clients instead of helping them. This is one of the important implications – for the selection, training and practice of members of the helping professions – of the evidence reviewed in this book. Originally published in 1977, Gerald Smale argues that the expectations of the professional helper, whether social worker, doctor, psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, psychotherapist or counsellor, can act as self-fulfilling prophecies on his or her clients, for better or worse. In order to suggest how the expectations of the helper might operate, the author examines a three-stage model of self-fulfilling prophecies. The stages are: the prophecy; behaviour based upon the prophecy; the outcome brought about by the behaviour. Extensive evidence from the fields of experimenter bias, hypnosis and placebo medicine, psychotherapy, casework and counselling research, is reviewed and related to the model, and the relationship between this analysis and labelling theory is discussed. The book demonstrates that it is the behaviour of the worker towards the client which is of crucial importance, and proposes that the client’s future and his or her personal strengths should be an important focus of the helping relationship. Finally, it outlines the dangers of negative expectations, and emphasises the ways in which expectations can be used to optimum effect.
Prophets at a Tangent: How Art Shapes Social Imagination (Elements in Creativity and Imagination)
by Geoff MulganThis Element asks if the arts can help us imagine a better future society and economy, without deep social gulfs or ecological harm. It argues that at their best, the arts open up new ways of seeing and thinking. They can warn and prompt and connect us to a bigger sense of what we could be. But artists have lost their role as gods and prophets, partly as an effect of digital technologies and the ubiquity of artistic production, and partly as an effect of shifting values. Few recent books, films, artworks or exhibitions have helped us imagine how our world could solve its problems or how it might be better a generation or more from now. This Element argues that artists work best not as prophets of a new society but rather as 'prophets at a tangent'.
Proposing Empirical Research: A Guide to the Fundamentals
by Mildred L Patten• Provides step-by-step instructions for students who will be writing their first research proposal in the social and behavioral sciences. • Each major section is divided into short topics. For each topic, students complete an exercise that leads them toward the goal of preparing a proposal. • Numerous examples throughout the book make the recommendations for proposal writing come alive. • The model proposals at the end of the book illustrate proposal writing and provide material for classroom discussions. • Provides concrete guidance for students who will be writing proposals for both quantitative and qualitative research. • The structure of this book enables students to work independently with confidence while writing the first drafts of their proposals. • All steps in proposal writing are clearly described and illustrated. • Ideal for use in: · research methods classes where students write a proposal as a term project, · thesis/dissertation preparation classes, · senior research seminars where proposing and conducting research is a culminating undergraduate activity, and · any graduate-level seminar in which the instructor wants to incorporate a project that will engage students in critical thinking about the content area. • Written by our best-selling author, Mildred L. Patten. Your students will appreciate her clear and informative style.
Prosocial Behaviour
by Hans-Werner BierhoffHow can social bonds in society be strengthened? How do we learn and develop prosocial behaviour? This comprehensive textbook provides up-to-date coverage of the social phenomenon of prosocial behaviour, incorporating all the major developments in the fields of developmental and social psychology. The first section identifies different forms of prosocial behaviour, including estimates of prevalence in everyday situations and the controversy between biological and cultural perspectives as explanatory models of prosocial behaviour. The second and third sections focus on learning and development, with emphasis on social learning, responsibility, empathy and guilt. The fourth section explores the prevalence of prosocial behaviour, in particular the situational and personality factors which inhibit urgently needed prosocial behaviour. The final section is devoted to practical applications, such as how to increase the likelihood that people will work as volunteers in community organisations and how to heighten the willingness to offer first aid. This book will be an invaluable resource for both undergraduate and postgraduate students of social psychology and sociology, as well as anyone with an interest in social services and voluntary organisations.
Prosodic Theory and Practice
by Jonathan Barnes and Stefanie Shattuck-HufnagelAn introduction to the the range of current theoretical approaches to the prosody of spoken utterances, with practical applications of those theories.Prosody is an extremely dynamic field, with a rapid pace of theoretical development and a steady expansion of its influence beyond linguistics into such areas as cognitive psychology, neuroscience, computer science, speech technology, and even the medical profession. This book provides a set of concise and accessible introductions to each major theoretical approach to prosody, describing its structure and implementation and its central goals and assumptions as well as its strengths and weaknesses. Most surveys of basic questions in prosody are written from the perspective of a single theoretical framework. This volume offers the only summary of the full range of current theoretical approaches, with practical applications of each theory and critical commentary on selected chapters. The current abundance of theoretical approaches has sometimes led to apparent conflicts that may stem more from terminological differences, or from differing notions of what theories of prosody are meant to achieve, than from actual conceptual disagreement. This volume confronts this pervasive problem head on, by having each chapter address a common set of questions on phonology, meaning, phonetics, typology, psychological status, and transcription. Commentary is added as counterpoint to some chapters, with responses by the chapter authors, giving a taste of current debate in the field. ContributorsAmalia Arvaniti, Jonathan Barnes, Mara Breen, Laura C. Dilley, Grzegorz Dogil, Martine Grice, Nina Grønnum, Daniel Hirst, Sun-Ah Jun, Jelena Krivokapić, D. Robert Ladd, Fang Liu, Piet Mertens, Bernd Möbius, Gregor Möhler, Oliver Niebuhr, Francis Nolan, Janet B. Pierrehumbert, Santitham Prom-on, Antje Schweitzer, Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel, A. E. Turk, Yi Xu
Prosody Intervention for High-Functioning Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Enhancing communication and social engagement through voice, rhythm, and pitch
by Michelle Dunn Larry Harris Julia DunnProviding lessons for prosody intervention in high-functioning adolescents and young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), this book helps to develop verbal and nonverbal skills to aid their transition into adulthood through a program of evidence-based lessons and resources. The authors offer a complete curriculum of lessons taking student from self-calming to fluency and conversational skills and thereby enhancing their communication skills and conversational competence, skills that are essential for the ability to get on in adult life, for example in the context of looking for a job. The curriculum includes lesson plans, handouts and homework, and builds on some of the characteristic traits of high-functioning autism, for example by setting up sets of rules for clarity. The program has been successfully used by the authors in their work with people on the autism spectrum and will be a life-changing resource for professionals as well as for parents and people on the autism spectrum wanting to improve their ability to communicate well.
Prosody and Language in Contact
by Elisabeth Delais-Roussarie Mathieu Avanzi Sophie HermentThis volume provides new insights into various issues on prosody in contact situations, contact referring here to the L2 acquisition process as well as to situations where two language systems may co-exist. A wide array of phenomena are dealt with (prosodic description of linguistic systems in contact situations, analysis of prosodic changes, language development processes, etc. ), and the results obtained may give an indication of what is more or less stable in phonological and prosodic systems. In addition, the selected papers clearly show how languages may have influenced or may have been influenced by other language varieties (in multilingual situations where different languages are in constant contact with one another, but also in the process of L2 acquisition). Unlike previous volumes on related topics, which focus in general either on L2 acquisition or on the description and analyses of different varieties of a given language, this volume considers both topics in parallel, allowing comparison and discussion of the results, which may shed new light on more far-reaching theoretical questions such as the role of markedness in prosody and the causes of prosodic changes.
Prospect Theory
by Peter P. WakkerProspect Theory: For Risk and Ambiguity provides the first comprehensive and accessible textbook treatment of the way decisions are made both when we have the statistical probabilities associated with uncertain future events (risk) and when we lack them (ambiguity). The book presents models, primarily prospect theory, that are both tractable and psychologically realistic. A method of presentation is chosen that makes the empirical meaning of each theoretical model completely transparent. Prospect theory has many applications in a wide variety of disciplines. The material in the book has been carefully organized to allow readers to select pathways through the book relevant to their own interests. With numerous exercises and worked examples, the book is ideally suited to the needs of students taking courses in decision theory in economics, mathematics, finance, psychology, management science, health, computer science, Bayesian statistics, and engineering.
Prospective Memory (Current Issues in Memory)
by Jan Rummel Mark A. McDanielFeaturing contributions from world-leading experts, this book presents a timely overview of current theoretical, methodological, and applied issues in the field of prospective memory. The authors explore how prospective memories are formed, how they are maintained over time, and how they are retrieved. This volume integrates our understanding of prospective memory and how it functions with related cognitive processes and themes, such as context memory, metamemory, working memory, and cognitive control. Considering recent methodological advances in the field, such as the use of cognitive modeling, the book also covers individual differences in prospective memory abilities, their development across the life span, and their manifestations in naturalistic settings. The book also illustrates how the understanding of prospective memory can be integrated with other related research areas. Prospective Memory is an invaluable resource for students and researchers of human memory.
Prospective Memory: An Overview and Synthesis of an Emerging Field
by Dr Mark A. Mcdaniel Dr Gilles O. EinsteinWhile there are many books on retrospective memory, or remembering past events, Prospective Memory: An Overview and Synthesis of an Emerging Field is the first authored text to provide a straightforward and integrated foundation to the scientific study of memory for actions to be performed in the future. Authors Mark A. McDaniel and Gilles O. Einstein present an accessible overview and synthesis of the theoretical and empirical work in this emerging field.
Prospective Memory: Cognitive, Neuroscience, Developmental, and Applied Perspectives (Routledge Studies In Nineteenth Century Literature Ser. #5)
by Susan L. RobersonOver the last decade, the topic of prospective memory � the encoding, storage and delayed retrieval of intended actions � has attracted much interest, and this is reflected in a rapidly growing body of literature: 350 scientific articles have been published on this topic since the appearance of the first edited book in 1996. In addition to the quan
Prospective Memory: Theory and Applications
by Gilles O. Einstein Mark A. McDaniel Maria BrandimonteDevoted exclusively to prospective memory, this volume organizes the research and thoughts of the important contributors to the field in one comprehensive resource. The chapter authors not only focus on their own work, but also review other research areas and address those where the methods and theories from the retrospective memory literature are useful and where they fall short. Each section is followed by at least one commentary written by a prominent scholar in the field of memory. The commentators present critical analyses of the chapters, note ideas that they found particularly exciting, and use these ideas as a foundation on which to elaborate their own views of prospective memory. This volume will stimulate the thinking of active prospective memory researchers, provide a coherent organization of the area for the increasing number of people who are interested in prospective memory but who are not yet actively conducting research in the area, and serve as a book of readings for upper division seminars.
Prospects and Challenges for Caribbean Societies in and Beyond COVID-19
by Talia Esnard Camille Huggins Shelene Gomes Wendell C. Wallace Christine DescartesThis book presents contributions from a multidisciplinary team of researchers who analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and prospects for the Caribbean region. This book examines experiences, and responses to the pandemic in the region as well as some of the lessons that can be leveraged on beyond the pandemic. The volume is organized into four parts. Part I offers perspectives on the structural factors that influenced the Caribbean's experience with the COVID-19 pandemic. Part II delves into the social and psychological dimensions of the pandemic's impact in the region, offering specific examples. Part III explores the ramifications of the pandemic on crime and violence. And Part IV is dedicated to analyzing the regional and national responses to the pandemic. Prospects and Challenges for Caribbean Societies in and beyond COVID-19 will be of interest to researchers in a wide range of disciplines within the Social and Behavioral Sciences interested in studies about the Caribbean. It also aims to serve as a source of information and inspiration for researchers, practitioners and decision makers interested in contributing to the development of the Caribbean region.
Prospects for Immortality: A Sensible Search for Life after Death (Death, Value and Meaning Series)
by J Robert Adams"Prospects for Immortality: A Sensible Search for Life After Death" theorizes how matters concerning the birth of the universe, its ultimate fate, and the creation, evolution, and final destiny of life on earth co-exist with regenerated consciousness. Readers of this volume will be prompted to think about the basic concepts of life, death, and consciousness in a unique way. Written in a style that entertains and informs, author J. Robert Adams speculates on how the transfer of memory and consciousness into the hereafter occurs in conjunction with the physical, chemical, and historical facts already established by science.
Prosperare: la persona molto sensibile e la sua carriera
by Tracy CooperIn questo libro innovativo la ricercatrice e collega HSP (sigla inglese che sta per "persona molto sensibile"), la dottoressa Tracy Cooper, presenta nuovi importanti risultati della ricerca che possono permetterti di capire meglio come gli HSP vivono il posto di lavoro moderno, scoprono nuove opportunità emergenti e si connettono con le narrazioni degli HSP da un'ampia varietà di punti di vista del mondo reale. Questo libro è dedicato alla persona altamente sensibile che desidera andare oltre la sopravvivenza per prosperare! Basato sulla ricerca della dottoressa Elaine Aron , questo libro è un must da leggere per tutti gli HSP!
Prostitution, Trafficking, and Traumatic Stress
by PhD, Melissa FarleyProstitution, Trafficking, and Traumatic Stress offers the reader an analysis of prostitution and trafficking as organized interpersonal violence. Even in academia, law, and public health, prostitution is often misunderstood as "sex work." The book&’s 32 contributors offer clinical examples, analysis, and original research that cou
Protecting Children Against Bullying and Its Consequences
by David P. Farrington Izabela Zych Vicente J. Llorent Maria M. TtofiThis compact resource synthesizes current research on bullying in the schools while presenting strengths-based approaches to curbing this growing epidemic. Its international review of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies unravels the complex dynamics of bullying and provides depth on the range of negative outcomes for bullies, victims, enablers, and victims who bully. Chapters on protective factors against bullying identify personal competencies, such as empathy development, and keys to a positive school environment, featuring findings on successful school-based prevention programs in different countries. Throughout, the authors clearly define bullying as a public health/mental health issue, and prevention as a deterrent for future antisocial and criminal behavior. Included in the coverage: #65533; School bullying in different countries: prevalence, risk factors, and short-term outcomes. #65533; Personal protective factors against bullying: emotional, social, and moral competencies. #65533; Contextual protective factors against bullying: school-wide climate. #65533; Protecting children through anti-bullying interventions. #65533; Protecting bullies and victims from long-term undesirable outcomes. #65533; Future directions for research, practice, and policy. With its wealth of answers to a global concern, Protecting Children against Bullying and Its Consequences is a definitive reference and idea book for the international community of scholars in criminology and developmental psychology interested in bullying and youth violence, as well as practitioners and policymakers.
Protecting Children from Violence: Evidence-Based Interventions
by James Michael LampinenProviding an evidence-based understanding of the causes and consequences of violence against children, experts in the field examine the best practices used to help protect children from violence. Various types of violence are reviewed including physical and sexual abuse, (cyber-)bullying, human trafficking, online predators, abductions, and war. In addition, it reviews the various perpetrators of such violence including parents and relatives, strangers, other children, and societal institutions. The possible outcomes of such violence including physical injuries, death, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorders, and damage to the social fabric of the local community are also explored. To enhance accessibility, each contributor addresses common themes: Opening case studies dramatically illustrate the human cost of abuse and neglect Empirically driven estimates of the scope of problem to better understand who is at risk and why Empirically driven testing of interventions to maximize effectiveness of programs How current research compares to public perception and the impact on public policy The worldwide problem of violence against children Evidence-based recommendations for reducing violence against children. The book opens with a review of the history of the problem, the methodological approaches used to study it, and current "best practice" prevention strategies. The methods used to identify peer victims are then explored. Next child eyewitness memory is examined including the most effective techniques for maximizing the retrieval of information. This is followed by the research on missing and abducted children including the effectiveness of recovery programs such as supermarket campaigns and forensic age profiles. Next how the Internet is used in the victimization of children is explored including tips to help protect children online. Public attitudes toward sex offender registration laws are then reviewed followed by vulnerabilities that include genetic, neuropsychological, temperamental, cognitive, perceptual and social factors. International perspectives on protecting children from violence and global health inequities are then addressed. The book concludes with recommendations for future research. Contributors are noted scholars from a broad range of disciplines. As such, the book appeals to researchers and advanced students in developmental, counseling, clinical, cognitive, evolutionary, and social psychology, as well as sociology, social work, criminal justice, education, and law enforcement.
Protecting Judgment-Impaired Adults: Issues, Interventions, and Policies
by Edmund F DejowskiThis thorough book provides valuable information on guardianship and alternative methods for serving judgment-impaired adults. To date, much of contemporary guardianship policy has been developed by “muddling through.” This book explores developments in case law concerning the scope of the guardian's authority, the proposed national guardianship act, and proposed changes in federal legislation regarding representative payees, and provides guidance in these important areas of concern.
Protecting the Mind: Challenges in Law, Neuroprotection, and Neurorights (Ethics of Science and Technology Assessment #49)
by Luca Valera Pablo López-SilvaThis book offers a comprehensive analysis of philosophical, social, ethical, and legal challenges arising as a consequences of current advances in neurosciences and neurotechnology. It starts by offering an overview of fundamental concepts such as mental privacy, personal autonomy, mental integrity, and responsibility, among others. In turn, it discusses the influence of possible misuses or uncontrolled uses of neurotechnology on those concepts, and, more in general, on human rights and equality. Then, it makes some original proposals to deal with the main ethical, legal, and social problems associated to the use of neurotechnology, both in medicine and in everyday life, suggesting possible policies to protect privacy, neural data, and intimacy. Crossing the borders between humanities, natural sciences, bio-medicine, and engineering, and taking into account geographical and cultural differences, this book offers a conceptual debate around policy and decision making concerning some of the key neuroethical challenges of our times. It offers a comprehensive guide to the most important issues of neurojustice and neuroprotection, together with a set of new paradigms to face some of the most urgent neuroethical problems of our times.
Protecting the Rights of People with Autism in the Fields of Education and Employment
by Valentina Della Fina Rachele CeraFundamental rights for all people with disabilities, education and employment are key for the inclusion of people with autism. They play as facilitators for the social inclusion of persons with autism and as multipliers for their enjoyment of other fundamental rights. After outlining the international and European dimensions of the legal protection of the rights to education and employment of people with autism, the book provides an in-depth analysis of domestic legislative, judicial and administrative practice of the EU Member States in these fields. Each chapter identifies the good practices on inclusive education and employment of people with autism consistent with principles and obligations enshrined in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Articles 24 and 27). The book contains the scientific results of the European Project "Promoting equal rights of people with autism in the field of employment and education" aimed at supporting the implementation of the UN Convention in the fields of inclusive education and employment.
Protein-based Therapeutics
by Dev Bukhsh Singh Timir TripathiThis book provides an overview of the essential characteristics and clinical applications of therapeutic proteins against human diseases, including cancers, immune disorders, infections, and other diseases. It presents the latest advancements in protein engineering techniques for producing desirable therapeutic proteins. The book also covers the strategies used to formulate and deliver systemic therapeutic proteins, approved protein therapeutics and their targets, and pharmacogenetic biomarkers. Further, it discusses challenges associated with the clinical implications of therapeutic proteins, including safety, immunogenicity, protein stability, degradation, and efficacy. It illustrates the development of biosimilar antibodies, optimization strategies for producing biobetter antibodies, and presents fundamental concepts about biosuperior therapeutics. Lastly, it includes a discussion about protein-based vaccines against bacterial and viral infections.