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The Personality Brokers: The Strange History of Myers-Briggs and the Birth of Personality Testing
by Merve Emre"Inventive and beguiling... The Personality Brokers is history that reads like biography that reads like a novel--a fluid narrative that defies expectations and plays against type." --New York Times"Riveting [and] far-reaching... [Emre] brings the skills of a detective, cultural critic, historian, scientist and biographer to bear on the MBTI and the two women who invented and promoted it" --Wall Street JournalAn unprecedented history of the personality test conceived a century ago by a mother and her daughter--fiction writers with no formal training in psychology--and how it insinuated itself into our boardrooms, classrooms, and beyondThe Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is the most popular personality test in the world. It is used regularly by Fortune 500 companies, universities, hospitals, churches, and the military. Its language of personality types--extraversion and introversion, sensing and intuiting, thinking and feeling, judging and perceiving--has inspired television shows, online dating platforms, and Buzzfeed quizzes. Yet despite the test's widespread adoption, experts in the field of psychometric testing, a $2 billion industry, have struggled to validate its results--no less account for its success. How did Myers-Briggs, a homegrown multiple choice questionnaire, infiltrate our workplaces, our relationships, our Internet, our lives? First conceived in the 1920s by the mother-daughter team of Katherine Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers, a pair of devoted homemakers, novelists, and amateur psychoanalysts, Myers-Briggs was designed to bring the gospel of Carl Jung to the masses. But it would take on a life entirely its own, reaching from the smoke-filled boardrooms of mid-century New York to Berkeley, California, where it was administered to some of the twentieth century's greatest creative minds. It would travel across the world to London, Zurich, Cape Town, Melbourne, and Tokyo, until it could be found just as easily in elementary schools, nunneries, and wellness retreats as in shadowy political consultancies and on social networks.Drawing from original reporting and never-before-published documents, The Personality Brokers takes a critical look at the personality indicator that became a cultural icon. Along the way it examines nothing less than the definition of the self--our attempts to grasp, categorize, and quantify our personalities. Surprising and absorbing, the book, like the test at its heart, considers the timeless question: What makes you, you?
Personality, Character, and Intelligence: Part Three from What the Dog Saw
by Malcolm GladwellWhat is the difference between choking and panicking? Why are there dozens of varieties of mustard-but only one variety of ketchup? What do football players teach us about how to hire teachers? What does hair dye tell us about the history of the 20 th century? In the past decade, Malcolm Gladwell has written three books that have radically changed how we understand our world and ourselves:The Tipping Point;Blink; andOutliers.Now, inWhat the Dog Saw, he brings together, for the first time, the best of his writing fromTheNew Yorkerover the same period. Here is the bittersweet tale of the inventor of the birth control pill, and the dazzling inventions of the pasta sauce pioneer Howard Moscowitz. Gladwell sits with Ron Popeil, the king of the American kitchen, as he sells rotisserie ovens, and divines the secrets of Cesar Millan, the "dog whisperer" who can calm savage animals with the touch of his hand. He explores intelligence tests and ethnic profiling and "hindsight bias" and why it was that everyone in Silicon Valley once tripped over themselves to hire the same college graduate. "Good writing," Gladwell says in his preface, "does not succeed or fail on the strength of its ability to persuade. It succeeds or fails on the strength of its ability to engage you, to make you think, to give you a glimpse into someone else's head."What the Dog Sawis yet another example of the buoyant spirit and unflagging curiosity that have made Malcolm Gladwell our most brilliant investigator of the hidden extraordinary.
Personality, Cognition and Social Interaction (Psychology Library Editions: Perception #5)
by Nancy Cantor John F. KihlstromOriginally published in 1981, this volume presents the domain of personality as a fuzzy set that includes features previously identified with cognitive and social psychology. Few of the individual contributions are centrally concerned with individual differences and cross-situational stability, but these traditional themes certainly appear in several of the chapters. The remaining chapters deal with the general processes mediating the interaction between the person and the social environment, filling out the fuzzy set of personality psychology. Part 1 seeks to locate contemporary trends in the cognitive psychology of personality against a backdrop of historical events. The chapters in Part 2 discuss some of the cognitive processes mediating social behaviour. Part 3 contains contributions concerned with the rules by which people make judgments about objects in the social world. The self, a dominant topic in personality theory and research, is treated extensively in Part 4. Although many of the chapters are explicitly concerned with the relations between cognition and action – after all, most human interaction takes the form of judgments and communication – the contributions in Part 5 make the links to overt behaviour. Finally, Part 6 offers two discussions of the previous contributions from the perspective of cognitive psychology.
Personality Development: A Psychoanalytic Perspective
by Debbie Hindle and Marta Vaciago SmithPersonality Development is a comprehensive overview of infant observation and personality development. It starts at inter-utero life and goes through to adulthood, focusing on the emotional tasks involved at each stage of development and the interplay of internal processes and external circumstances. Contents include: * intra-uterine life and the experience of birth * babyhood: becoming a person in the family * the toddler and the wider world * the latency period. Using clinical and observational material, it will be of interest to those teaching personality development courses, as well as mental health and child care professionals.
Personality Development: Theoretical, Empirical, and Clinical Investigations of Loevinger's Conception of Ego Development
by P. Michiel Westenberg Augusto Blasi Lawrence D. CohnJane Loevinger's innovative research methodology, psychometric rigor, and theoretical scope have attracted the attention of numerous scholars and researchers. Empirical investigations employing Loevinger's Washington University Sentence Completion Test of ego development (WUSCT) have appeared with increasing frequency and total more than 300 studies. Following the publication of the first comprehensive revision of the scoring manual for the WUSCT, this volume reflects on the strengths and limitations of Loevinger's developmental model. It is divided into sections that correspond with four broad questions that can be raised about Loevinger's developmental model: * What is its scope and intellectual tradition? * What evidence is there for construct validity? * What is its relationship to other social-developmental models? * What is its clinical relevance to Loevinger's model of ego development? This four-part grouping provides a framework for effectively organizing the present material, and frequently, the questions raised in one section are addressed in other sections as well. In the concluding chapter, Loevinger addresses some of the ideas that are proposed by the various authors. She also presents the origin of the ego development concept by recounting its history.
Personality Development In Adolescence: A Cross National and Lifespan Perspective (Adolescence and Society)
by Eva Elisabeth Aspaas Skoe Anna Louise Von Der LippeThe formation of identity in adolescence is the most central concept in psychological and sociological studies of young people. Most theories to date assume that adolescents share the same conditions under which their identities are formed. Personality Development in Adolescence is a collection of work by leading researchers that considers different contexts affecting personality and identity development. Three main contexts are considered: cultural, family and life-span development. Of central importance to developmental psychologists, this collection will also be valuable to social workers, teachers, nurses and all those whose work involves young people.
Personality Disorder: Temperament or Trauma?
by Heather CastilloPersonality Disorder (PD) is one of the most difficult psychological conditions to classify and treat and in the past literature on the subject has tended to neglect the invaluable viewpoint of sufferers themselves. Drawing on extensive research carried out in conjunction with service users, Heather Castillo seeks to adjust this imbalance and looks at the classification and treatment of PD from the service users' viewpoint. This book emphasises the need for health professionals to reassess their approach to the condition and allows those with PD to effectively define themselves and their illness. With a wide range of case study material and analysis, this book is essential reading for mental health professionals, workers in the voluntary and forensic sectors and service users themselves.
Personality Disorder: The Definitive Reader
by Caroline Jacob Robert Hinshelwood Kingsley Norton Gwen AdsheadA Personality Disorder Reader offers a comprehensive and accessible collection of papers that will be practically useful to practitioners working in secure and non-secure settings with patients who have personality disorders. This book brings together fourteen classic papers, which address the impact that working with personality disorder patients can have on staff. It also offers theoretical explanations for personality disorder, and explores other issues such as the concept of boundaries in clinical practice, psychiatric staff as attachment figures and the relationship between severity of personality disorder and childhood experiences. Each paper is introduced with contextual material, and is followed by a series of questions that are intended to be used as educational exercises. This book will be essential reading for clinical and forensic psychologists, psychiatrists, community psychiatric nurses, social workers and students.
Personality Disorder: From Evidence to Understanding
by Peter Tyrer Roger MulderPersonality disorder affects more than 10% of the population but is widely ignored by health professionals as it is viewed as a term of stigma. The new classification of personality disorder in the ICD-11 shows that we are all on a spectrum of personality disturbance and that this can change over time. This important new book explains why all health professionals need to be aware of personality disorders in their clinical practice. Abnormal personality, at all levels of severity, should be taken into account when choosing treatment, when predicting outcomes, when anticipating relapse, and when explaining diagnosis. Authored by leading experts in this field, this book explains how the new classification of personality disorders in the ICD-11 helps to select treatment programmes, plan long-term management and avoid adverse consequences in the treatment of this patient group.
Personality Disorders (The State of Mental Illness and Its Ther #19)
by Shirley BrinkerhoffAt twenty-seven, Sheila is already on the verge of a second divorce. She has a degree in early elementary education, but still can't decide on a career. Suffering from a continual feeling of emptiness and unsure of who she is, Sheila is terrified of losing her husband, yet seems to do everything she can to drive him away. With almost no friends and a strong compulsion to cut herself, Sheila's future looks bleak. Trent knows that everyone is out to get him. One by one, he spoils every chance for friendship by suspecting everyone wants to hurt him. He's sure that his wife, Angela, is having an affair, and nothing she says or does can convince him otherwise. Now, he's begun to hear voices...but no one is there. It is estimated that 15 percent of Americans suffer from at least one personality disorder; many have more than one But what is a personality disorder? Can it be treated? If so, how? What can Sheila, Trent, and people like them do about their troublesome symptoms? These are just a few of the questions Personality Disorders answers. Learn about these common forms of mental illness and the treatments that bring new hope to those who suffer with them.
Personality Disorders
by Paul M. Emmelkamp Jan Henk KamphuisThis comprehensive evidence-based book provides a broad and in-depth coverage of personality disorders across a variety of patient groups and treatment settings. Emmelkamp and Kamphuis bring together research examining psychological and biological variables that may play a role in the development of personality disorders. This book explores: Descriptions of personality disorders Diagnosis and assessment Epidemiology and course Aetiology Treatment strategies. Illustrated throughout with clinical vignettes, as well as scholarly reviews, Personality Disorders offers excellent coverage on all aspects of personality disorder, and will be extremely informative for students and practitioners alike.
Personality Disorders: Personality Disorders (Clinical Psychology: A Modular Course)
by Paul M. Emmelkamp Katharina MeyerbrökerThe new edition of Personality Disorders continues to provide an in-depth guide to personality disorders, assessment and treatment, across varied patient groups and settings. Grounded in scholarly review and illustrated with a diversity of case studies, this book covers familiar ground with comprehensive detail, including the description of personality disorders, diagnosis, epidemiology, aetiology and treatment strategies. Furthermore, this new edition reflects changes in the new ICD-11 and DSM-5, assessment instruments, and state-of-the-art insights from theory-driven research. Part of the popular ‘Clinical Psychology: A Modular Course’ series, Personality Disorders offers excellent coverage on all aspects of personality disorder, and will be extremely informative for students and practitioners alike.
Personality Disorders: A Short History of Narcissistic, Borderline, Antisocial, and Other Types
by Allan V. HorwitzThe fascinating and controversial history of personality disorders.The concept of personality disorders rose to prominence in the early twentieth century and has consistently caused controversy among psychiatrists, psychologists, and social scientists. In Personality Disorders, Allan V. Horwitz traces the evolution of defining these disorders and the historical dilemmas of attempting to mold them into traditional medical conceptions of disorder. Using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or DSM, as a guide, Horwitz explores the group of conditions that make up personality disorders and considers when they have been tied to or separated from other types of mental illnesses. He also examines how these disorders have often entailed negative moral and cultural evaluations more focused on perceived social deviance than on actual medical conditions. Deep conflicts exist in a variety of disciplines in determining the nature of these disorders. During the twentieth century, a particularly sharp division arose between researchers who study personality disorders and the clinicians who treat them. Because researchers strive to develop general laws and clinicians attempt to understand individuals' specific problems, their values, methods, and goals often conflict. Synthesizing historical and contemporary scholarship, Horwitz examines controversies over the definitions and diagnoses of personality disorders and how the perception of these illnesses has changed over time.
Personality Disorders: New Symptom-Focused Drug Therapy (Psychology Library Editions: Personality)
by S. JosephOriginally published in 1997, using 50 pharmacological case studies, this title illustrates how chronic and difficult psychiatric disorders ranging from paranoid to obsessive-compulsive personality disorder can be responsive to treatment. Readers are first taught to translate DSM-IV diagnostic criteria to identifiable and treatable symptom correlates which are then targeted for treatment using rationally chosen medications or combinations of medication along with psychotherapy. Since medications rapidly control dysfunctional symptoms, psychotherapy becomes much more effective, enabling psychotherapists and patients to focus on underlying psychosocial issues and conflicts. Personality Disorders can help you acquire an understanding of general diagnostic and treatment concepts, the ability to identify target symptoms, and the knowledge to select medications to address each symptom identified. As a result, psychotherapy will become less time-consuming and costly and therapeutic results will be felt more quickly--desirable goals in this managed care environment.This guidebook prepares you for effective treatment of personality disorders by exploring: symptom correlates of all personality disorders medication groups with dosage guidelines clinically relevant explanations for choice of symptoms and medications clinical profiles of new antidepressants and antipsychotics intelligent use of modern rational polypharmacy Clinicians seeking to modernize and refine their approaches to treating personality disorders will learn effective drug therapy treatments that produce rapid results. Personality Disorders helps psychiatrists, primary care physicians, psychologists, psychiatric residents, counselors, social workers, and nurses who manage personality disorders to understand that patients’ dysfunctional thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors are symptoms mediated by the brain. Medical students and clinical psychology students learn to approach personality disorders in the same clinically precise manner they would use when learning to treat nonpsychiatric illness.Personality Disorders is an important resource for dispelling the myth that personality disorders are permanent and un-responsive to treatment as it walks readers through successful intervention strategies step by step and disorder by disorder.
Personality Disorders: Toward the DSM-V
by Dr William O'Donohue Katherine A. Fowler Dr Scott O. LilienfeldPersonality Disorders: Toward the DSM-V offers a scientifically balanced evaluation of competing theoretical perspectives and nosological systems for personality disorders. Editors William T. O'Donohue, Scott O. Lilienfeld, and Katherine A. Fowler have brought together recognized authorities in the field to offer a synthesis of competing perspectives that provide readers with the richest and most nuanced assessment possible for each disorder. The result is a comprehensive, current, and critical summary of research and practice guidelines related to the personality disorders.
Personality Disorders: Current Research and Treatments
by James ReichAs with a number of specific areas in the medical professions, the field of personality disorders has experienced a period of rapid growth and development over the past decade. This volume is designed to offer the student, practitioner and researcher with a single source for the most up-to-date research and treatment writing on a variety of specific areas within the field.
Personality Disorders and Eating Disorders: Exploring the Frontier
by Randy A. Sansone John L. LevittPersonality Disorders and Eating Disorders explores and defines the multifaceted relationship between these two fields in a cogent synthesis of prevalence, etiology, and treatment. The book brings together leading specialists in both fields, with a clinical focus on such topical issues as genetics, drug abuse, and childhood trauma—as they relate to each field and as they affect the relationship between the two disorders. Therapists who treat eating disorders will find the material on treatment approaches especially helpful in formulating interventions with particularly difficult patients. Therapists who work with patients with personality disorders will find that the interface between personality and eating disorders is relevant to various aspects of self-destructive behavior observed in these individuals. This unique book enhances the assessment and treatment of individuals suffering from personality disorders and eating disorders, and it augments the understanding of both populations, while establishing a foundation for discussing each as they interface with one another.
Personality Disorders in Children and Adolescents
by Paulina F. Kernberg Alan S. Weiner Karen K. BardensteinIn the first book to argue that neurotic, psychotic, and borderline personality disorders can be identified, diagnosed, and treated even in the young, a renowned child psychiatrist marshalls her developmental perspective and adduces clinical evidence to support it. Kernberg and her colleagues elucidate assessment criteria and advance therapeutic approaches for each disorder.
Personality Disorders in Modern Life
by Rowena Ramnath Theodore Millon Sarah Meagher Carrie M. Millon Seth GrossmanA revision of the leading textbook on personality disorders by renowned expert Theodore Millon"Personalities are like impressionistic paintings. At a distance, each person is 'all of a piece'; up close, each is a bewildering complexity of moods, cognitions, and motives."-Theodore MillonExploring the continuum from normal personality traits to the diagnosis and treatment of severe cases of personality disorders, Personality Disorders in Modern Life, Second Edition is unique in its coverage of both important historical figures and contemporary theorists in the field. Its content spans all the major disorders-Antisocial, Avoidant, Depressive, Compulsive, Histrionic, Narcissistic, Paranoid, Schizoid, and Borderline-as well as their many subtypes. Attention to detail and in-depth discussion of the subtleties involved in these debilitating personality disorders make this book an ideal companion to the DSM-IV(TM).Fully updated with the latest research and theory, this important text features:Discussion of the distinctive clinical features and developmental roots of personality disordersBalanced coverage of the major theoretical perspectives-biological, psychodynamic, interpersonal, cognitive, and evolutionaryIndividual chapters on all DSM-IV(TM) personality disorders and their several subtypes and mixturesCase studies throughout the text that bring to life the many faces of these disordersIncluding a new assessment section that singles out behavioral indicators considered to have positive predictive power for the disorders, this Second Edition also includes a special focus on developmental, gender, and cultural issues specific to each disorder. A comprehensive reference suitable for today's practitioners, Personality Disorders in Modern Life, Second Edition features a clear style that also makes it a valuable resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students. The most thorough book of its kind, this Second Edition is a powerful, practical resource for all trainees and professionals in key mental health fields, such as psychology, social work, and nursing.
Personality Disorders in Older Adults: Emerging Issues in Diagnosis and Treatment (Personality and Clinical Psychology)
by Erlene Rosowsky Robert C. Abrams Richard A. ZweigAs the average age of the population rises, mental health professionals have become increasingly aware of the critical importance of personality in mediating successful adaptation in later life. Personality disorders were once thought to "age out," and accordingly to have an inconsequential impact on the lives of the elderly. But recent clinical experience and studies underscore not only the prevalence of personality disorders in older people, but the pivotal roles they play in the onset, course, and treatment outcomes of other emotional and cognitive problems and physical problems as well. Clearly, mental health professionals must further develop research methods, assessment techniques, and intervention strategies targeting these disorders; and they must more effectively integrate what is being learned from advances in research and theory into clinical practice. Inspired by these needs, the editors have brought together a distinguished group of behavioral scientists and clinicians dedicated to understanding the interaction of personality and aging. Offering a rich array of theoretical perspectives (intrapsychic, interpersonal, neuropsychological, and systems), they summarize the empirical literature, present phenomenological case reports, and review psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, and pharmacological treatment approaches. This comprehensive state-of-the-art guide will be welcomed by all those who must confront the complexity and the challenge of working with this population.
The Personality Disorders Treatment Planner: Includes DSM-5 Updates
by Neil R. Bockian Arthur E. Jongsma Jr. Julia C. SmithApproaching personality disorders with evidence-based treatment plans The Personality Disorders Treatment Planner, 2nd Edition is fully updated to meet the changing needs of the mental healthcare field. A time-saver for psychologists, counselors, social workers, psychiatrists, and other mental health professionals, this new edition offers the tools you need to develop formal treatment plans that meet the demands of HMOs, managed care companies, third-party payors, and state and federal agencies. Organized around twenty-six presenting problems, the easy-to-use format and over 1,000 prewritten symptom descriptions, treatment goals, objectives, and interventions makes the task of developing an evidence-based treatment plan more efficient than ever. The treatment of mental health disorders is rapidly evolving, and new evidence-based protocols are being adopted by federal and state organizations. You are now required to closely monitor patient progress, and you may feel pressure to stick to standardized care and reporting procedures; however, you can only do so if you have access to the latest in evidence-based treatment plans. Updated with new and revised evidence-based Objectives and Interventions Integrated DSM-5 diagnostic labels and ICD-10 codes into the Diagnostic Suggestions section of each chapter Many more suggested homework assignments integrated into the Interventions An Appendix demonstrates the use of the personality disorders Proposed Dimensional System of DSM-5. Expanded and updated self-help book list in the Bibliotherapy Appendix Revised, expanded and updated Professional Reference Appendix New Recovery Model Appendix D listing Objectives and Interventions allowing the integration of a recovery model orientation into treatment plans
Personality Hacker: Harness the Power of Your Personality Type to Transform Your Work, Relationships, and Life
by Joel Mark Witt Antonia DodgeHack Your Personality Type to Overcome Obstacles and Achieve Success.Delve into this interactive guidebook to hack your mind and uncover your core identity. Get past superficial markers of identity and discover the full makings of your personality type. Recognizing all aspects of who you really are will improve your confidence, compassion, decision-making process and success.Written by the hosts of the popular podcast Personality Hacker, this book shows how your mind is naturally wired. It provides the information and tools you need to harness the power of your personality type and realize your full potential, including: • Detailed Personality Test• Interactive Journal Prompts• Myers-Briggs Explanation• Personal Growth Techniques• Cognitive Functions Breakdown• Relationship and Career Assistance
Personality, Human Development, and Culture: International Perspectives On Psychological Science (Volume 2)
by Ralf SchwarzerThese two volumes present the main contributions from the 29th International Congress of Psychology, held in Berlin in 2008, and are written by international leaders in psychology from around the world. The authors present a variety of approaches and perspectives that reflect cutting-edge advances in psychological science. Personality, Developmental, Social and Cultural Issues provides an overview of advances in several areas of psychology such as clinical, health, social, developmental, and cross-cultural psychology. One section of the volume is dedicated solely to emotions and health, and addresses state-of-the-art work on the regulation of self, health, social relations, and emotions such as passion. Other sections deal with development and personality issues as well as conceptual, cultural, and ethnic approaches to modern psychology. The global perspective of this collection illustrates research being undertaken on all five continents and emphasizes the cultural diversity of the contributors. This book will be an invaluable resource for researchers, professionals, teachers and students in the field of psychology.
Personality in Adulthood, Second Edition
by Robert T. Costa Jr. Robert R. MccraeThis influential work examines how enduring dispositions or traits affect the process of aging and shape each individual's life course. From two well-known authorities in the field, the volume is grounded in a growing body of empirical evidence. Critically reviewing different theories of personality and adult development, the authors explain the logic behind the scientific assessment of personality, present a comprehensive model of trait structure, and examine patterns of trait stability and change after age 30, incorporating data from ongoing cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Written in a clear, jargon-free style, this book is an ideal text for advanced students and a timely reference for researchers and clinicians.
Personality in Speech
by Tim PolzehlThis work combines interdisciplinary knowledge and experience from research fields of psychology, linguistics, audio-processing, machine learning, and computer science. The work systematically explores a novel research topic devoted to automated modeling of personality expression from speech. For this aim, it introduces a novel personality assessment questionnaire and presents the results of extensive labeling sessions to annotate the speech data with personality assessments. It provides estimates of the Big 5 personality traits, i. e. openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Based on a database built on the questionnaire, the book presents models to tell apart different personality types or classes from speech automatically.