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The Acceleration of Cultural Change: From Ancestors to Algorithms (Simplicity: Design, Technology, Business, Life)
by Michael J. O'Brien R. Alexander BentleyHow culture evolves through algorithms rather than knowledge inherited from ancestors. From our hunter-gatherer days, we humans evolved to be excellent throwers, chewers, and long-distance runners. We are highly social, crave Paleolithic snacks, and display some gendered difference resulting from mate selection. But we now find ourselves binge-viewing, texting while driving, and playing Minecraft. Only the collective acceleration of cultural and technological evolution explains this development. The evolutionary psychology of individuals—the drive for “food and sex”—explains some of our current habits, but our evolutionary success, Alex Bentley and Mike O'Brien explain, lies in our ability to learn cultural know-how and to teach it to the next generation. Today, we are following social media bots as much as we are learning from our ancestors. We are radically changing the way culture evolves.Bentley and O'Brien describe how the transmission of culture has become vast and instantaneous across an Internet of people and devices, after millennia of local ancestral knowledge that evolved slowly. Long-evolved cultural knowledge is aggressively discounted by online algorithms, which prioritize popularity and recency. If children are learning more from Minecraft than from tradition, this is a profound shift in cultural evolution. Bentley and O'Brien examine the broad and shallow model of cultural evolution seen today in the science of networks, prediction markets, and the explosion of digital information. They suggest that in the future, artificial intelligence could be put to work to solve the problem of information overload, learning to integrate concepts over the vast idea space of digitally stored information.
The Access to Subjectivity: Phenomenology, Buddhism, and Psychotherapy
by Cesar OjedaThis book explores the conceptual and practical connections that exist between phenomenology, Buddhism, and psychotherapy. These three disciplines clearly have completely different origins, histories, conceptualizations and academic environments and, at first blush, there seems to be no real bond between them. However, this book shows that there are connections between these diverse approaches, but they have the peculiar character of being latent and hidden. Thus, phenomenology and the practice of mindfulness share a similar, though perhaps not explicit, goal: to exclude the ego. Notwithstanding this connection, they approach this task from quite separate roads, each of which conceals this implicit goal, giving the impression that both disciplines are irreducible and disconnected, as if they were completely distinct and closed systems.
The Accident
by Julia Stone'I loved everything about this book. The main character.....wow!' NetGalley Reviewer, FIVE STARSThrown together by fate. Entwined by lies...The police ruled it as misadventure. A young woman falling from a bridge onto Janice Thomason's car was not an act of suicide or murder, it's just an accident. But for Janice, it feels like fate has thrown them together.As a genealogist, Janice is used to tracking down clues - is even a little obsessive, one might say... The police know so little about the Jane Doe that fell on her car that she decides to start her own investigation into the victim and the people she knew. Surely someone must be to blame?Sometimes the only way to uncover the truth is to lie... and for Janice, living a lie comes all too easily.A gripping psychological thriller for fans of Amanda Robson and Shari Lapena.
The Accidental Masterpiece: On The Art Of Life And Vice Versa
by Michael KimmelmanA New York Times bestseller—a dazzling and inspirational survey of how art can be found and appreciated in everyday life. Michael Kimmelman, the prominent New York Times writer and a regular contributor to The New York Review of Books, is known as a deep and graceful writer across the disciplines of art and music and also as a pianist who understands something about the artist's sensibility from the inside. Readers have come to expect him not only to fill in their knowledge about art but also to inspire them to think about connections between art and the larger world - which is to say, to think more like an artist. Kimmelman's many years of contemplating and writing about art have brought him to this wise, wide-ranging, and long-awaited book. It explores art as life's great passion, revealing what we can learn of life through pictures and sculptures and the people who make them. It assures us that art - points of contact with the exceptional that are linked straight to the heart - can be found almost anywhere and everywhere if only our eyes are opened enough to recognize it. Kimmelman regards art, like all serious human endeavors, as a passage through which a larger view of life may come more clearly into focus. His book is a kind of adventure or journey. It carries the message that many of us may not yet have learned how to recognize the art in our own lives. To do so is something of an art itself. A few of the characters Kimmelman describes, like Bonnard and Chardin, are great artists. But others are explorers and obscure obsessives, paint-by-numbers enthusiasts, amateur shutterbugs, and collectors of strange odds and ends. Yet others, like Charlotte Solomon, a girl whom no one considered much of an artist but who secretly created a masterpiece about the world before her death in Auschwitz, have reserved spots for themselves in history, or not, with a single work that encapsulates a whole life. Kimmelman reminds us of the Wunderkammer, the cabinet of wonders - the rage in seventeenth-century Europe and a metaphor for the art of life. Each drawer of the cabinet promises something curious and exotic, instructive and beautiful, the cabinet being a kind of ideal, self-contained universe that makes order out of the chaos of the world. The Accidental Masterpiece is a kind of literary Wunderkammer, filled with lively surprises and philosophical musings. It will inspire readers to imagine their own personal cabinet of wonders.
The Accidental Mind
by David J. LindenLinden sets the record straight about the construction of the human brain; rather than the beautifully-engineered optimized device, the absolute pinnacle of design portrayed in many dumbed-down text books, pop-science tomes, and education televisions programs, Linden’s organ is a complicated assembly of cobbled-together functionality that created the mind as a by-product of ad-hoc solutions to questions of survival. His guided tour of the glorious amalgam of crummy parts includes pit-stops in the histories and fundamentals of neurology, neural-psychology, physiology, molecular and cellular biology, and genetics.
The Accidental Teacher: Life Lessons from My Silent Son
by Annie Lubliner LehmannA mother's honest, unvarnished, and touching memoir about the life lessons she learned from a son with autism
The Achievement Motive
by David C. McClellandThis book contains a summary of research on the achievement motive conducted mainly at Wesleyan University during the period January 1, 1947, to January 1, 1952, under the continuous moral and financial support of the Office of Naval Research. It provides a practicable method of measuring one of the most important human motives, a method, moreover, which in all probability can be applied to other motives with equal success. Secondly, the book contains what we believe to be an important contribution to psychological theory—at least to the theory of motivation. Finally, the book contains a great deal of information about the achievement motive and related variables.In personality theory there is inevitably a certain impatience—a desire to solve every problem at once so as to get the "whole" personality in focus. The authors have proceeded the other way. By concentrating on one problem, on one motive, they have found in the course of their study that they have learned not only a lot about the achievement motive but other areas of personality as well. So they feel that this book can be used as one basis for evaluating the degree to which a "piecemeal" approach to personality is profitable, an approach which proceeds to build up the total picture out of many small experiments by a slow process of going from fact to hypothesis and back to fact again.
The Achilles Heel Reader: Men, Sexual Politics and Socialism (Routledge Revivals)
by Victor J. SeidlerFirst published in 1991, The Achilles Heel Reader brings together key articles from Achilles Heel, the path-breaking and influential magazine of men's sexual politics. It also includes an important introduction by the editor, setting the magazine in its intellectual and historical context. Achilles Heel, first published in 1978, was a magazine which explored positive conceptions of masculinity and the ways in which men can change in response to the challenge of feminism. It sought to persuade men to take responsibility for the power they share as men in relation to women - and to use this responsibility both in their personal relationships and in challenging the political and social institutions and practices that embody such power. This selection covers crucial issues in men's lives - work, sexuality, children, relationships, family, class, sharing the experience of different masculinities - and brilliantly catches the tensions and anxieties of men trying to cope with the interplay between their sexuality and their political commitments. By bringing the personal and the political together The Achilles Heel Reader reconsiders basic questions of socialist theory and practice. It will be of great value to students of sociology, women's studies, politics and cultural studies, as well as those interested in feminism as part of a process of reworking socialism.
The Acquisition of Creole Languages
by Dany AdoneHow do children acquire a Creole as their first language? This relatively underexplored question is the starting point for this first book of its kind; it also asks how first language acquisition of a Creole differs from that of a non-Creole language. Dany Adone reveals that in the absence of a conventional language model, Creole children acquire language and go beyond the input they receive. This study discusses the role of input, a hotly debated issue in the field of first language acquisition, and provides support for the nativist approach in the debate between nativism and input-based models. The Acquisition of Creole Languages will be essential reading for those in the fields of first language acquisition and Creole studies. Adone takes an interdisciplinary approach, using insights from non-verbal language acquisition, which makes this of great interest to those in the field of sign linguistics.
The Acquisition of French in Multilingual Contexts
by Pedro Guijarro-Fuentes Katrin SchmitzThis volume brings together new research from different theoretical paradigms addressing the acquisition of French. It focuses on the acquisition of French in combination with English, German, Russian or Spanish and enriches our understanding of the particularities of French and the role of language combinations in the acquisition process. The chapters examine the development of different grammatical aspects (word order phenomena, adjective placement, dislocation and cleft constructions, wh-questions, DP phenomena, argument omissions and constructions with particular word groups) and use various methodologies (such as elicitation tasks, longitudinal studies and parsing experiments) to further add to our understanding of how French is acquired in different contexts. This book will be a resource for researchers and graduate students working in the discipline of language acquisition, especially those who are interested in language contact phenomena where two typologically different languages are involved.
The Acquisition of Heritage Languages
by Montrul SilvinaHeritage speakers are native speakers of a minority language they learn at home, but due to socio-political pressure from the majority language spoken in their community, their heritage language does not fully develop. In the last decade, the acquisition of heritage languages has become a central focus of study within linguistics and applied linguistics. This work centres on the grammatical development of the heritage language and the language learning trajectory of heritage speakers, synthesizing recent experimental research. The Acquisition of Heritage Languages offers a global perspective, with a wealth of examples from heritage languages around the world. Written in an accessible style, this authoritative and up-to-date text is essential reading for professionals, students, and researchers of all levels working in the fields of sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, education, language policies and language teaching.
The Acquisition of Romance, With Special Reference To French: The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition, Volume 1, Chapter 7
by Eve ClarkFirst published in 1986. This edition offers a grammatical sketch of French, with occasional comments on how other Romance languages diverge from this picture; a brief account of the sources available on language acquisition by children; and a summary of the overall course of development in children acquiring the major Romance languages. The remainder of the review takes up different facets of the language acquisition process in more detail.
The Acquisition of Syntactic Structure: Animacy and Thematic Alignment
by Misha BeckerThis book explains a well-known puzzle that helped catalyze the establishment of generative syntax: how children tease apart the different syntactic structures associated with sentences like John is easy/eager to please. The answer lies in animacy: taking the premise that subjects are animate, the book argues that children can exploit the occurrence of an inanimate subject as a cue to a non-canonical structure, in which that subject is displaced (the book is easy/*eager to read). The author uses evidence from a range of linguistic subfields, including syntactic theory, typology, language processing, conceptual development, language acquisition, and computational modeling, exposing readers to these different kinds of data in an accessible way. The theoretical claims of the book expand the well-known hypotheses of Syntactic and Semantic Bootstrapping, resulting in greater coverage of the core principles of language acquisition. This is a must-read for researchers in language acquisition, syntax, psycholinguistics and computational linguistics.
The Act Approach: A Comprehensive Guide for Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
by Timothy Gordon<p>The ACT Approach is the ultimate Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) resource all clinicians need to move their clients and therapy forward. <p>Combining the foundational knowledge of ACT with practical guidance, strategies, and techniques, you can begin to use ACT immediately with any client that walks through your door. Highly recommended by other ACT experts, this workbook is filled with unique tools you won't find anywhere else.</p>
The Act in Context: The Canonical Papers of Steven C. Hayes (World Library of Mental Health)
by Steven C. HayesThe Canonical Papers of Steven C. Hayes is a compilation of his most pivotal articles written from 1982-2012. Through these selected papers, Hayes again revisits the theoretical struggles between behavioral and cognitive-behavior theories, taking us from the 1980s into present day, discussing the breakthroughs and follies. Using this as a focus point, he discusses the tradition of behavior analysis and its difficulties in addressing human language and cognition. Moving forward into the 90s, he chronicles the changes in a behavioral approach that emerge from a contextual perspective on human cognition, and lays out the foundation for a contextual behavioral science approach that he argues is more likely to lead to an understanding of human action and an alleviation of human suffering. Although the articles have previously been published, they have been edited and compiled ensure this branch of research is clear to the modern audience. The compilation was chosen by Dr. Hayes to enhance his vision for a functional contextual approach to complex human behavior.
The Act of Living: What the Great Psychologists Can Teach Us About Finding Fulfillment
by Frank TallisLife and its meaning is a mystery almost impossible to solve, but what can the leading theories teach us about the search for purpose?For most of us, the major questions of life continue to perplex: Who am I? Why am I here? How should I live? In the late nineteenth century, a class of thinkers emerged who made solving these problems central to their work. They understood that human questions demand human answers and that without understanding what it means to be human, there are no answers.Through the biographies and theories of luminaries ranging from Sigmund Freud to Erich Fromm, Frank Tallis show us how to think about companionship and parenting, identity and aging, and much more. Accessible yet erudite, The Act of Living is essential reading for anyone seeking answers to life's biggest questions.
The Act of Living: What the Great Psychologists Can Teach Us About Surviving Discontent in an Age of Anxiety
by Frank Tallis'Tallis writes with clarity and wit' Sebastian FaulksScience, technology and western liberal democracy have all had a dramatic impact on our quality of life. Compared to previous generations, we have unprecedented access to information, increased personal freedom, more material comforts and more possessions. Yet, even before the shock of Covid-19, more people than ever before were reporting being depressed, anxious or unfulfilled. As our material circumstances become easier, life seems to get harder. Why should this be? Shelves sag under the weight of self-help manuals and the internet is awash with the advice of role-models and celebrity gurus; however, to what extent can these sources be expected to supply meaningful, practical answers - the kind of answers relevant to sceptical individuals living in a modern, technologically advanced culture? For over a hundred years, psychotherapists have been developing and refining models of the human mind. They have endeavoured to alleviate distress and they have offered help to people who want to make better life choices. Although the clinical provenance of psychotherapy is important, the legacy of psychotherapy has much wider relevance. It can offer original perspectives on the big questions usually entrusted to philosophers and representative of faith: Who am I? Why am I here? How should I live?In this compelling and important book, the principle contributions of the outstanding figures associated with the practice of psychotherapy are explained: from Freud to Ellis, Jung to Laing, Adler to Hayes. Viewed as a single, cohesive intellectual tradition, Frank Tallis argues that psychotherapeutic thinking is an immensely valuable and under exploited resource.
The Act of Living: What the Great Psychologists Can Teach Us About Surviving Discontent in an Age of Anxiety
by Frank Tallis'Tallis writes with clarity and wit' Sebastian FaulksScience, technology and western liberal democracy have all had a dramatic impact on our quality of life. Compared to previous generations, we have unprecedented access to information, increased personal freedom, more material comforts and more possessions. Yet, even before the shock of Covid-19, more people than ever before were reporting being depressed, anxious or unfulfilled. As our material circumstances become easier, life seems to get harder. Why should this be? Shelves sag under the weight of self-help manuals and the internet is awash with the advice of role-models and celebrity gurus; however, to what extent can these sources be expected to supply meaningful, practical answers - the kind of answers relevant to sceptical individuals living in a modern, technologically advanced culture? For over a hundred years, psychotherapists have been developing and refining models of the human mind. They have endeavoured to alleviate distress and they have offered help to people who want to make better life choices. Although the clinical provenance of psychotherapy is important, the legacy of psychotherapy has much wider relevance. It can offer original perspectives on the big questions usually entrusted to philosophers and representative of faith: Who am I? Why am I here? How should I live?In this compelling and important book, the principle contributions of the outstanding figures associated with the practice of psychotherapy are explained: from Freud to Ellis, Jung to Laing, Adler to Hayes. Viewed as a single, cohesive intellectual tradition, Frank Tallis argues that psychotherapeutic thinking is an immensely valuable and under exploited resource.
The Act of Remembering: Toward an Understanding of How We Recall the Past (New Perspectives in Cognitive Psychology #3)
by John H. MaceThe first volume devoted solely to autobiographical memory retrieval, The Act of Remembering serves as a primer of ideas, methodology, and central topics, and lays the groundwork for future research in the field. Contains new, forward-looking theories from leading international scholars Answers questions such as: Do we retrieve memories according to when and where we need them? How much conscious control do we have over what we remember? Why are some people more likely than others to have intrusive ‘flashbacks’ following a stressful event? Pays particular attention to voluntary and involuntary recall
The Act of Thinking
by Derek MelserMelser argues that the core assumption of both folk psychology and cognitive science that thinking goes on in the head is mistaken. He argues that thinking is not an intracranial process of any kind, mental or neural, but is rather a learned action of the person.
The Activity Kit for Babies and Toddlers at Risk
by Molly Helt Deborah Fein Lynn Brennan Marianne BartonSuspecting that your baby or toddler may have autism spectrum disorder or another developmental delay can be scary and overwhelming. But there is a lot you can do to help, even while waiting for an evaluation or early intervention. With the right tools, everyday tasks can be terrific opportunities for building critical social and communication skills. Start at the kitchen table, bathtub, or shopping cart! In this easy-to-navigate guide, leading experts present more than 100 games and activities designed to support development in children from birth to age 3. Your child's daily routines are transformed into learning opportunities that promote crucial abilities, like how to imitate others or use simple hand gestures to convey wants and needs. As a parent, you are the most important person in your child's life. Now you can be the best teacher, too.
The Adaptive Character of Thought (Studies in Cognition)
by John R. AndersonThis important volume examines the phenomena of cognition from an adaptive perspective. Rather than adhering to the typical practice in cognitive psychology of trying to predict behavior from a model of cognitive mechanisms, this book develops a number of models that successfully predict behavior from the structure of the environment to which cognition is adapted. The methodology -- called rational analysis -- involves specifying the information-processing goals of the system, the structure of the environment, and the computational constraints on the system, allowing predictions about behavior to be made by determining what behavior would be optimal under these assumptions. The Adaptive Character of Thought applies this methodology in great detail to four cognitive phenomena: memory, categorization, causal inference, and problem solving.
The Adderall Empire: A Life With ADHD and the Millennials' Drug of Choice
by Andrew K. SmithIs there life after Adderall?Andrew K. Smith’s hooligan pranks and social impulsiveness paints a picture of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) before medication, and it would seem that the little orange pills could cure his mischief. But readers will furrow their brows as they enter The Adderall Empire, traveling with the author through the chemically conflicting mind states. Is working-memory training a feasible alternative? Readers will beg for the answer, hoping Andrew stops getting into trouble before his parents disown him or he winds up in jail. Again.Everyone is curious about Adderall. Young people abuse it, adults are addicted to it, teachers wish their students would take it, and parents consider prescriptions for their children. The Adderall Empire gives honest evidence of how working-memory training can change the life of a person with ADHD and provides readers with information about an alternative to ADHD prescriptions.Find out what it’s like to exit the Empire!
The Addict: One Patient, One Doctor, One Year
by Michael Stein“A gripping, illuminating book . . . Dr. Stein is drawn, in an almost Sherlock Holmesian way, toward trying to fathom and analyze addicts’ behavior. . . . hauntingly and successfully, Stein lets readers make a doctor’s experiences their own.” — New York Times“Beautifully told… [with] great insight, empathy and compassion.” — Abraham Verghese, author of The Tennis Partner, My Own Country, and Cutting for StoneThe Addict is the powerful and revealing narrative of Dr. Michael Stein’s year-long treatment of a young woman addicted to Vicodin. Dr. Stein has followed up his award winning book The Lonely Patient with “a useful, sensible, and often inspiring guide to how the medical profession does—and should—treat the sick, and the sick at heart.” (Francine Prose, O magazine)
The Addiction Battle: Three Tools to End It Now
by Timothy J Wulff Timothy J. Wulff, M.S.W.Is every day a challenge as you wage your personal battle against addiction? If you've fallen into the addiction trap, you are not alone. It is estimated that one out of ten Americans is struggling with addiction. Author Timothy Wulff, M.S.W., is an addiction therapist who has spent more than a decade successfully treating individuals addicted to drugs and alcohol. To identify the source of addiction, Wulff focuses on beliefs about one's self that develop early in life and that eventually obscure the strong and positive true self, increasing susceptibility to addiction. In The Addiction Battle, Wulff will help you discover where your greatest strengths are buried and teach you how to use their hidden power to overcome addiction. Wulff will teach you how to redefine the terms anger, selfishness, and troublemaking, and make them key tools in shaping your actions from a new healthy perspective:•• Anger—It's a powerful emotion that can be used constructively to protect yourself.•• Selfishness—Healthy selfishness is good self-care. Without it, addiction continues.•• Troublemaking—the opposite of pleasing others, troublemaking helps you stand up for your own feelings, needs, and desires.Learning to use these tools, which are already part of you, will enable you to reclaim these inner strengths. Through the book's practical and sensitive pages, Wulff gives you a way to begin your life anew and triumph over addiction.