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Speech and Reading: A Comparative Approach (Psychology Library Editions: Psychology of Reading #2)
by Beatrice De Gelder José MoraisOriginally published in 1995, this collection of papers introduced a new dimension to the understanding of reading by focusing on the relation between spoken and written language processing. New perspectives on speech and reading are introduced by highlighting aspects of the two linguistic skills that had received little attention in the past. The comparative perspective adopted in this collection presents an innovative focus on speech and the acquisition of alphabetic reading skill. Major new sources of evidence are discussed, like reading in nonconventional input modalities, braille reading, and speech processing in lip-reading. Contributors also discuss the reading process in non-alphabetic orthographies and the specifics of the reading acquisition problem in logographic or mixed writing systems (like Chinese and Japanese) and their relations to underlying speech representations. A central concern of all chapters is the role of phonological processes in different modalities and writings systems, and at different stages in the reading acquisition process. Drawing on expertise of the contributors, the book presents a novel and varied view of the achievements, the promises and the challenges facing the researcher once the intimate link between speech and reading comes to the foreground.
Speech and Voice: Their Evolution, Pathology and Therapy (Psychology Library Editions: Speech and Language Disorders)
by Leopold SteinOriginally published in 1942, this title was recognised as setting new standards in the scientific approach to speech problems. Much speech therapy in the past had been unsatisfactory because of its emphasis upon the purely mechanical aspects of the condition, while at the same time the purely psychological approach was not sufficient to lead to satisfactory and radical treatment either. In this title the author combines the two approaches and by setting out the basic pathology of the various conditions, he throws new light upon them. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.
Speech Disorders: A PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY of the Various Defects of Speech
by Stinchfield, Sara MFirst published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Speech Perception and Spoken Word Recognition (Current Issues in the Psychology of Language)
by Gareth Gaskell Jelena MirkovićSpeech Perception and Spoken Word Recognition features contributions from the field’s leading scientists, and covers recent developments and current issues in the study of cognitive and neural mechanisms that take patterns of air vibrations and turn them ‘magically’ into meaning. The volume makes a unique theoretical contribution in linking behavioural and cognitive neuroscience research, and cutting across traditional strands of study, such as adult and developmental processing. The book: Focusses on the state of the art in the study of speech perception and spoken word recognition Discusses the interplay between behavioural and cognitive neuroscience evidence, and between adult and developmental research Evaluates key theories in the field and relates them to recent empirical advances, including the relationship between speech perception and speech production, meaning representation and real-time activation, and bilingual and monolingual spoken word recognition Examines emerging areas of study such as word learning and time-course of memory consolidation, and how the science of human speech perception can help computer speech recognition Overall this book presents a renewed focus on theoretical and developmental issues, as well as a multifaceted and broad review of the state of research, in speech perception and spoken word recognition. Particularly interested readers will be researchers of psycholinguistics and adjoining fields as well as advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Speech Perception By Ear and Eye: A Paradigm for Psychological Inquiry
by Dominic W. MassaroFirst published in 1987. This book is about the processing of information. The central domain of interest is face-to-face communication in which the speaker makes available both audible and visible characteristics to the perceiver. Articulation by the speaker creates changes in atmospheric pressure for hearing and provides tongue, lip, jaw, and facial movements for seeing. These characteristics must be processed by the perceiver to recover the message conveyed by the speaker. The speaker and perceiver must share a language to make communication possible; some internal representation is necessarily functional for the perceiver to recover the message of the speak.
Speech Perception By Ear and Eye: A Paradigm for Psychological Inquiry
by Dominic W. Massaro Jeffry A. SimpsonFirst published in 1987. This book is about the processing of information. The central domain of interest is face-to-face communication in which the speaker makes available both audible and visible characteristics to the perceiver. Articulation by the speaker creates changes in atmospheric pressure for hearing and provides tongue, lip, jaw, and facial movements for seeing. These characteristics must be processed by the perceiver to recover the message conveyed by the speaker. The speaker and perceiver must share a language to make communication possible; some internal representation is necessarily functional for the perceiver to recover the message of the speaker. The current study integrates information-processing and psychophysical approaches in the analysis of speech perception by ear and eye.
Speech Production: Models, Phonetic Processes, and Techniques (Macquarie Monographs in Cognitive Science)
by Jonathan Harrington Marija TabainSpeech Production: Models, Phonetic Processes and Techniques brings together researchers from many different disciplines - computer science, dentistry, engineering, linguistics, phonetics, physiology, psychology - all with a special interest in how speech is produced. From the initial neural program to the end acoustic signal, it provides an overview of several dominant models in the speech production literature, as well as up-to-date accounts of persistent theoretical issues in the area. A particular focus is on the evaluation of information gleaned from instrumental investigations of the speech production process, including MRI, PET, ultra-sound, video-imaging, EMA, EPG, X-ray, computer simulation - and many others. The research presented in this volume considers questions such as: the feed-back vs. feed-forward control of speech; the acoustic/auditory vs. articulatory/somato-sensory domains of speech planning; the innateness of human speech; the possible architecture of a speech production model; and the realization of prosodic structure in speech. Leaders in speech research from around the world have contributed their most recent work to this volume.
Speech Production and Second Language Acquisition (Cognitive Science and Second Language Acquisition Series)
by Judit KormosThis extremely up-to-date book, Speech Production and Second Language Acquisition, is the first volume in the exciting new series, Cognitive Science and Second Language Acquisition. This new volume provides a thorough overview of the field and proposes a new integrative model of how L2 speech is produced. The study of speech production is its own subfield within cognitive science. One of the aims of this new book, as is true of the series, is to make cognitive science theory accessible to second language acquisition. Speech Production and Second Language Acquisition examines how research on second language and bilingual speech production can be grounded in L1 research conducted in cognitive science and in psycholinguistics. Highlighted is a coherent and straightforward introduction to the bilingual lexicon and its role in spoken language performance. Like the rest of the series, Speech Production and Second Language Acquisition is tutorial in style, intended as a supplementary textbook for undergraduates and graduate students in programs of cognitive science, second language acquisition, applied linguistics, and language pedagogy.
Speech Technology: Theory and Applications (Wiley Series In Agent Technology Ser. #11)
by Kristiina Jokinen Fang ChenThis book gives an overview of the research and application of speech technologies in different areas. One of the special characteristics of the book is that the authors take a broad view of the multiple research areas and take the multidisciplinary approach to the topics. One of the goals in this book is to emphasize the application. User experience, human factors and usability issues are the focus in this book.
The Speed of Trust: The One Thing that Changes Everything
by Rebecca R. Merrill Stephen M. R. CoveyFrom Stephen R. Covey's eldest son comes a revolutionary new path towards productivity and satisfaction. Trust, says Stephen M. R. Covey, is the very basis of the new global economy, and he shows how trust--and the speed at which it is established with clients, employees and constituents--is the essential ingredient for any high-performance, successful organization. For business leaders and public figures in any arena, The Speed of Trust offers an unprecedented and eminently practical look at exactly how trust functions in our every transaction and relationship--from the most personal to the broadest, most indirect interaction--and how to establish trust immediately so that you and your organization can forgo the time-killing, bureaucratic check-and-balance processes so often deployed in lieu of actual trust.
Speed Reading Made Easy
by Nila Banton SmithSPEED READING IS A GIFT THAT YOU CAN GIVE TO YOURSELFYou may know people who are able to read a newspaper in a few minutes, flip through yet thoroughly absorb a book in an hour, or effortlessly finish skimming a report before you even suspected they were done. Quite possibly you have thought that these people were born with a natural talent for speed reading that you do not possess.Nothing could be further from the truth.Speed reading actually consists of a series of simple skills that can be mastered and applied by anyone willing to take the short time and minimal effort needed to master these so-called “secrets” and “tricks.” Now they are no longer either secret or tricky—but completely comprehensible and available in the finest speed reading guide on the market today—SPEED READING MADE EASY“Readable and persuasive.”—Cleveland Plain Dealer“An excellent, self-improvement manual...by a specialist.”—Los Angeles Times“Examples and self-applicable tests are provided every step of the way...Even the reader who thinks his speed and grasp adequate will benefit.”—Saturday Review Syndicate“It is possible for anybody to read faster with increased pleasure and profit.”—San Francisco Call-Bulletin
Speed-Speed-Speedfreak
by Mick FarrenElvis Presley, the Hell's Angels, Hunter S. Thompson, Truman Capote, the Beatles, Judy Garland, Hank Williams, the Manson Family, Jack Kerouac, Johnny Cash, JFK, and Adolf Hitler. All of the above were, at one time or another, to put it bluntly, speedfreaks.Speed-Speed-Speedfreak traces the criminal and cultural use of amphetamine and its growing use through each new and destructive cycle. The book will be printed in rounded pill capsule form, like the vaunted "black beauty" of pharmaceutical history.Mick Farren is the former lead singer of The Deviants and the author of more than forty books.
Spellbound: Modern Science, Ancient Magic, and the Hidden Potential of the Unconscious Mind
by Daniel Z. LiebermanPsychiatrist Daniel Z. Lieberman, MD, reveals how to join forces with your unconscious to make better decisions, find more meaning in everyday life, and develop a richer, more balanced way of living.The conscious mind, the part of your mental life you experience directly, is responsible for only a tiny sliver of what science says is going on inside your brain. Most of what you experience, your moods, and the things you like or dislike—most of who you are—comes from a much more mysterious part of your mind: the unconscious.And to really understand the influences of the unconscious, says psychiatrist Daniel Z. Lieberman, coauthor of The Molecule of More, we need to look to something often considered science&’s alter ego: magic. Drawing on the work of Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung, and with deep dives into what we can learn from ancient mystical traditions from alchemy to numerology to meditation, Spellbound weaves together ancient magical traditions, psychological research, and the latest neuroscientific discoveries, in order to bridge the gap between the conscious and unconscious mind.Like it or not, your unconscious is currently the source of most of your choices. It&’s the source of your passions, your energy, and your &“gut instinct.&” It can help you solve seemingly impossible problems with the gift of inspiration. But it&’s not always working in your favor: The unconscious is wild and untamed, often leading us down self-destructive paths that leave us baffled by our own decisions. Spellbound helps you take a new path: one where you learn how to recognize the influences of the unconscious, and make it an ally in helping you become the person you were meant to be.The human mind is perhaps the most mysterious thing in the universe. Science is only beginning to uncover its secrets, and some believe that we may never fully plumb its depths. But the ancient traditions of magic, traditions of understanding that have been built up over centuries, give us another window into the hidden facets of our humanity.After all, as the visionary Arthur C. Clarke once said, &“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.&”
The Spellers Guidebook: Practical Advice for Parents and Students
by Dawnmarie Gaivin Dana JohnsonA means by which thousands, and soon millions, of people are being freed from their lives of silence. The Spellers Guidebook is the first of its kind—a comprehensive guidebook that every family should take along for their Spelling journey. From the moment you first learn about spelled communication through working with a practitioner, developing fluency, and everything in between, this book serves as a blueprint to follow while you build the skills to spell openly with your child. The Spellers Guidebook is informative not only for parents and caregivers but for practitioners and professionals as well. It answers questions from the most basic—what to expect during the first spelling session, to more clinical—what is apraxia, and how does it affect my speller? It even discusses the importance of regulation and how the interpersonal dynamic between the speller and their communication partner can impact flow. The journey toward open communication differs for every family, and this handbook is here to help remove any guesswork. Whether your path seems straight and easy to navigate or the road ahead appears winding and twisting, Dana and DM are here to guide you. If you walk away with nothing more than the confidence that you can do this with your nonspeaker (because you CAN), The Spellers Guidebook has done its job!
Sperm Wars: Infidelity, Sexual Conflict, and Other Bedroom Battles
by Robin BakerThis classic work on the rules of sex -- updated for a new generation -- is still as provocative as the day it was published, providing simple explanations for any and all questions about what happens in the bedroom.Sex isn't as complicated as we make it. In Sperm Wars, evolutionary biologist Robin Baker argues that every question about human sexuality can be explained by one simple thing: sperm warfare. In the interest of promoting competition between sperm to fertilize the same egg, evolution has built men to conquer and monopolize women while women are built to seek the best genetic input on offer from potential sexual partners.Baker reveals, through a series of provocative fictional scene, the far-reaching implications of sperm competition. 10% of children are not fathered by their "fathers;" over 99% of a man's sperm exists simply to fight off all other men's sperm; and a woman is far more likely to conceive through a casual fling than through sex with her regular partner.From infidelity, to homosexuality, to the female orgasm, Sperm Wars turns on every light in the bedroom. Now with new material reflecting the latest research on sperm warfare, this milestone of popular science will still surprise, entertain, and even shock.
The Spider's Thread: Metaphor in Mind, Brain, and Poetry (The\mit Press Ser.)
by Keith J. HolyoakAn examination of metaphor in poetry as a microcosm of the human imagination—a way to understand the mechanisms of creativity.In The Spider's Thread, Keith Holyoak looks at metaphor as a microcosm of the creative imagination. Holyoak, a psychologist and poet, draws on the perspectives of thinkers from the humanities—poets, philosophers, and critics—and from the sciences—psychologists, neuroscientists, linguists, and computer scientists. He begins each chapter with a poem—by poets including Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Sylvia Plath, Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson, Robert Frost, Theodore Roethke, Du Fu, William Butler Yeats, and Pablo Neruda—and then widens the discussion to broader notions of metaphor and mind. Holyoak uses Whitman's poem “A Noiseless Patient Spider” to illustrate the process of interpreting a poem, and explains the relevance of two psychological mechanisms, analogy and conceptual combination, to metaphor. He outlines ideas first sketched by Coleridge—who called poetry “the best words in their best order”—and links them to modern research on the interplay between cognition and emotion, controlled and associative thinking, memory and creativity. Building on Emily Dickinson's declaration “the brain is wider than the sky,” Holyoak suggests that the control and default networks in the brain may combine to support creativity. He also considers, among other things, the interplay of sound and meaning in poetry; symbolism in the work of Yeats, Jung, and others; indirect communication in poems; the mixture of active and passive processes in creativity; and whether artificial intelligence could ever achieve poetic authenticity. Guided by Holyoak, we can begin to trace the outlines of creativity through the mechanisms of metaphor.
Spiel und Magie in der Psychoanalyse: Setting, Rahmen, Regeln (essentials)
by Diana PflichthoferDiana Pflichthofer nähert sich dem Thema der Psychoanalyse auf neuem Wege: Sie erläutert die spielerischen und magischen Elemente, die in besonderer Weise bei der Arbeit in der Übertragung zur Geltung kommen. Indem die Psychoanalytikerin eine ihr vom Patienten unbewusst zugewiesene Übertragungsrolle annimmt, lässt sie sich auf diese psychische Realität ein, wie jemand sich auf die Realität eines Spiels einlässt. Dabei muss sich die Analytikerin der Tatsache bewusst sein, dass ihr - gefördert durch den Rahmen und die Regeln - magische Eigenschaften zugeschrieben werden, die ihr eine Machtposition verleihen. Sie darf diese Macht jedoch niemals missbrauchen, sondern muss sie stets in den Dienst der Autonomie-Entwicklung des Analysanden stellen.
Spielwiese Internet: Sucht ohne Suchtmittel
by Kai MüllerInternetsucht ist eine moderne Form einer psychischen Problematik, die offensichtlich immer mehr Menschen etwas angeht, entweder direkt oder indirekt. Wie eine verschwommene Schimäre taucht dieses Schlagwort "Internetsucht" in den Medien auf. Zahlen von Betroffenen, Symptome und Auswirkungen dieses neuen Phänomens werden von unterschiedlichen Experten in unterschiedlicher Weise diskutiert und dennoch bleibt der Nicht-Fachmann nur allzu oft mit mehr Fragen als Antworten zurück. Dieses Buch soll dem Leser einen möglichst umfassenden Einblick vermitteln. Es vermittelt Antworten auf zentrale Fragen, wie z.B.: Was verbirgt sich hinter dem Begriff der Internetsucht? Wann ist ein Verhalten bereits Ausdruck einer Sucht? Welche Menschen sind als besonders gefährdet anzusehen? Welche Maßnahmen können ergriffen werden, um einer Internetsucht zu begegnen? Der aktuelle psychologische Kenntnisstand wurde hierzu nachvollziehbar aufbereitet und in einen engen praxisnahen Bezug gesetzt. Zielgruppen für dieses Werk sind alle, die sich über das Thema Spiel- und Internetsucht informieren möchten sowie alle, die selbst oder in ihrem familiären Umfeld oder Bekanntenkreis Menschen kennen, die davon betroffen sind. Nebenzielgruppe sind alle diejenigen, die im beruflichen Umfeld mit Betroffenen zu tun haben. Der Autor ist Diplompsychologe und arbeitet in der deutschlandweit einzigartigen Ambulanz für Spielsucht. Innerhalb seines beruflichen Umfeldes befasst er sich intensiv mit dem Thema der substanzungebundenen Abhängigkeitserkrankungen (Verhaltenssüchte), hier insbesondere mit der Internet- und Computerspielsucht sowie der Glücksspielsucht.
The Spike: An Epic Journey Through the Brain in 2.1 Seconds
by Mark HumphriesThe story of a neural impulse and what it reveals about how our brains workWe see the last cookie in the box and think, can I take that? We reach a hand out. In the 2.1 seconds that this impulse travels through our brain, billions of neurons communicate with one another, sending blips of voltage through our sensory and motor regions. Neuroscientists call these blips “spikes.” Spikes enable us to do everything: talk, eat, run, see, plan, and decide. In The Spike, Mark Humphries takes readers on the epic journey of a spike through a single, brief reaction. In vivid language, Humphries tells the story of what happens in our brain, what we know about spikes, and what we still have left to understand about them.Drawing on decades of research in neuroscience, Humphries explores how spikes are born, how they are transmitted, and how they lead us to action. He dives into previously unanswered mysteries: Why are most neurons silent? What causes neurons to fire spikes spontaneously, without input from other neurons or the outside world? Why do most spikes fail to reach any destination? Humphries presents a new vision of the brain, one where fundamental computations are carried out by spontaneous spikes that predict what will happen in the world, helping us to perceive, decide, and react quickly enough for our survival.Traversing neuroscience’s expansive terrain, The Spike follows a single electrical response to illuminate how our extraordinary brains work.
Spilt Milk: Perinatal Loss and Breakdown
by Joan Raphael-LeffA collection of lectures by eminent members of the British Psycho-analytical Society. Includes papers on the experience of having a baby, pregnancy and the internal world, pregnancy after stillbirth or neonatal death, and therapeutic intervention for post-partum disturbance.
Spinning Inward
by Maureen MurdockIf you have ever wished you could show children and teenagers how to enrich their lives with meditation and visualization, this book will delight you. It presents simple exercises in guided imagery designed to help young people ages three through eighteen to relax into learning, focus attention and increase concentration, stimulate creativity, and cultivate inner peace and group harmony. The use of guided imagery has been internationally recognized as an effective method of "whole brain" learning. The author's approach will have special appeal to parents and teachers who are frustrated by an educational system that seems to reward only those children who excel at verbal, linear learning. With the exercises in this book, young people can discover learning styles that are effective and enjoyable for them. These techniques of guided imagery offer adults as well as children a unique way to tap the wealth of creativity and wisdom within.
Spinning Straw into Gold: What Fairy Tales Reveal About the Transformations in a Woman's Life
by Joan GouldWhat's your favorite fairy tale? Whether it's "Cinderella," "Beauty and the Beast," "Hansel and Gretel," or another story, your answer reveals something significant about you, your experiences, and your soul. In this penetrating book, Joan Gould brings to the surface the hidden meanings in fairy tales and myths, and illuminates what they can tell you about the stages in your own life. As Gould explores the transformations that women go through from youth to old age-leaving home and mother, the first experience of sexuality, the surprising ambivalence of marriage, the spiritual work required by menopause and aging-her keen observations will enrich your awareness of your inner life.Full of archetypal figures known to us all, Spinning Straw into Gold also includes stories from the lives of ordinary women that clarify the insights to be gained from the beloved tales that have been handed down from one generation to the next.From the Trade Paperback edition.
The Spiral of Silence: New Perspectives on Communication and Public Opinion
by Wolfgang Donsbach Charles T. Salmon Yariv TsfatiSince its original articulation in the early 1970s, the 'spiral of silence' theory has become one of the most studied theories of communication and public opinion. It has been tested in varied sociopolitical contexts, with different issues and across communication systems around the world. Attracting the interest of scholars from communication, political science, sociology, public opinion and psychology, it has become both the subject of tempestuous academic debate as well as a mainstay in courses on communication theory globally. Reflecting substantial new thinking, this collection provides a comprehensive examination of the spiral of silence theory, offering a synthesis of prior research as well as a solid platform for future study. It addresses various ideological and methodological criticisms of the theory, links the theory with allied areas of scholarship, and provides analyses of empirical tests. Contributors join together to present a breadth of disciplinary and international perspectives. As a distinctive and innovative examination of this influential theory, this volume serves as a key resource for future research and scholarship in communicaiton, public opinion, and political science.
Spirit and Trauma: A Theology of Remaining
by Shelly RamboThe author draws on contemporary studies in trauma to rethink a central claim of the Christian faith: that new life arises from death. Reexamining the narrative of the death and resurrection of Jesus from the middle day-liturgically named as Holy Saturday-she seeks a theology that addresses the experience of living in the aftermath of trauma. Through a reinterpretation of "remaining" in the Johannine Gospel, she proposes a new theology of the Spirit that challenges traditional conceptions of redemption. Offered, in its place, is a vision of the Spirit's witness from within the depths of human suffering to the persistence of divine love.
Spirit, Mind, and Brain: A Psychoanalytic Examination of Spirituality and Religion (Columbia Series in Science and Religion)
by Mortimer OstowPreeminent psychoanalyst Mortimer Ostow believes that early childhood emotional attachments form the cognitive underpinnings of spiritual experience and religious motivation. His hypothesis, which is verifiable, relies on psychological and neurobiological evidence but is respectful of the human need for spiritual value. Ostow begins by classifying the three parts of the spiritual experience: awe, Spirituality proper, and mysticism. After he pinpoints the psychological origins of these feelings in infancy, he discusses the foundations of religious sentiment and practice and the brain processes associated with spiritual experience. He then focuses on spirituality's relationship to mood regulation, and the role of negative spirituality in fostering religious fundamentalism and demonic possession.Ostow concludes with an analysis of an essay by the psychoanalyst Donald M. Marcus, who recounts his own spiritual experience during a Native American-style "vision quest" in the woods. Marcus's account demonstrates the constructive potential of spirituality and the way in which spirituality retrieves and recapitulates feelings of attachment to the mother.Persuasively and brilliantly argued, Spirit, Mind, and Brain brings the disciplines of religion, behavorial neuroscience, and philosophy to bear on a groundbreaking new method for understanding religious ritual and belief.