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Thinking About Human Memory
by Humphreys, Michael S. and Chalmers, Kerry A. Michael S. Humphreys Kerry A. ChalmersThinking About Human Memory provides a novel analytical approach to understanding memory that considers the goals of the memory task, the cues and information available, the opportunity to learn, and interference from irrelevant information (noise). Each of the five chapters describing this approach introduces historical ideas and demonstrates how current thinking both differs from and is derived from them. These chapters also contain analyses of current problems designed to demonstrate the power of the approach. In a subsequent chapter, the authors discuss how memory is controlled by the environment, by others, and by ourselves, and then apply their insights to the problem solving of children, our hominin ancestors, and scrub jays. Finally, the questions of how to define episodic memory and how to investigate phylogenetic and developmental changes in memory are addressed. This book will appeal to memory researchers, including applied researchers, and advanced students.
Thinking about Oneself: From Nonconceptual Content to the Concept of a Self (The\mit Press Ser.)
by Kristina MusholtA novel theory of self-consciousness and its development that integrates philosophical considerations with recent findings in the empirical sciences.In this book, Kristina Musholt offers a novel theory of self-consciousness, understood as the ability to think about oneself. Traditionally, self-consciousness has been central to many philosophical theories. More recently, it has become the focus of empirical investigation in psychology and neuroscience. Musholt draws both on philosophical considerations and on insights from the empirical sciences to offer a new account of self-consciousness—the ability to think about ourselves that is at the core of what makes us human. Examining theories of nonconceptual content developed in recent work in the philosophy of cognition, Musholt proposes a model for the gradual transition from self-related information implicit in the nonconceptual content of perception and other forms of experience to the explicit representation of the self in conceptual thought. A crucial part of this model is an analysis of the relationship between self-consciousness and intersubjectivity. Self-consciousness and awareness of others, Musholt argues, are two sides of the same coin. After surveying the philosophical problem of self-consciousness, the notion of nonconceptual content, and various proposals for the existence of nonconceptual self-consciousness, Musholt argues for a non-self-representationalist theory, according to which the self is not part of the representational content of perception and bodily awareness but part of the mode of presentation. She distinguishes between implicitly self-related information and explicit self-representation, and describes the transitions from the former to the latter as arising from a complex process of self–other differentiation. By this account, both self-consciousness and intersubjectivity develop in parallel.
Thinking About Oneself: The Place and Value of Reflection in Philosophy and Psychology (Philosophical Studies Series #141)
by Waldomiro J. Silva-Filho Luca TateoThis book advances our theoretical understanding of the human experience. By overcoming dualities such as the relationship between reflection and action, it allows a more in-depth analysis of how concepts constitute complementary parts of the complex human thinking to be developed.Presenting texts written by leading philosophers and psychologists, it provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of theoretical elaboration, which is then used to discuss the place and value of reflection in moral and epistemic scenes. These topics are accessible to experts and young scholars in the field alike, and offer scope for further reflections that could improve our understanding beyond the existing models and “-isms”. The novelty of the book is in the dialogue established between several perspectives (e.g. philosophers and psychologists; Europe, America and Asia; etc.). The contributions of philosophers and psychologists establish a fruitful dialogue, so that readers realize that disciplinary divisions are overcome through dialogue and the common object of inquiry: the way human beings reflect and act in their everyday experiences.
Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior
by Charles Blair-Broeker Randy Ernst David G. MyersWritten to promote critical thinking, captivate students, and satisfy the APA standards for high school psychology,Thinking About Psychologyis an introduction to high school psychology unlike any other. In a convenient and effective modular format, it presents psychological science in a rigorous yet non-threatening way, with immediate examples that help high school students bridge the abstract to the familiar.
Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior
by Charlie Blair-Broeker Randy Ernst Charles T. Blair-Broeker Randal M. Ernst David G. MyersWritten to promote critical thinking, captivate students, and satisfy the APA standards for high school psychology,Thinking About Psychology is an introduction to high school psychology unlike any other. In a convenient and effective modular format, it presents psychological science in a rigorous yet non-threatening way, with immediate examples that help high school students bridge the abstract to the familiar.
Thinking about Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior
by Charles T. Blair-Broeker Randal M. ErnstThinking About Psychology offers a rigorous presentation of psychological science with numerous and immediate examples that help high school students bridge the abstract to the familiar.
Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior
by Charles T. Blair-Broeker Randal M. ErnstNIMAC-sourced textbook
Thinking About Psychology
by Charles T. Blair-Broeker Randal M. ErnstWritten by a distinguished team of teachers, this fourth edition of Thinking About Psychology reflects up-to-date DSM-5 content and research, emphasizes psychology as a science, answers goal-oriented guiding questions, and provides a vast amount of assessment opportunities for students to regularly test their understanding. <p><p> Students are sure to be engrossed by the engaging and conversational tone of authors Charlie Blair-Broeker and Randy Ernst, who have a combined 54 years of high school teaching experience and have led Psychology workshops in more than 30 states!
Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior
by Charles T. Blair-Broeker Randal M. ErnstSpecial Consultant:David G. Myers, Hope College, Holland, Michigan Appropriate Course:High school-level psychology [not Advanced Placement] In a convenient and effective modular format,Thinking About Psychology offers a rigorous presentation of psychological science in a non-threatening way with numerous and immediate examples that help high school students bridge the abstract to the familiar. This book closely follows the American Psychological Association (APA) National Standards for the Teaching of High School Psychology, for which both Blair-Broeker and Ernst served as Task Force members.
Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior
by Blair-Broeker ErnstWritten by a distinguished team of teachers, this fourth edition of Thinking About Psychology reflects up-to-date DSM-5 content and research, emphasizes psychology as a science, answers goal-oriented guiding questions, and provides a vast amount of assessment opportunities for students to regularly test their understanding. <P><P>Students are sure to be engrossed by the engaging and conversational tone of authors Charlie Blair-Broeker and Randy Ernst, who have a combined 54 years of high school teaching experience and have led Psychology workshops in more than 30 states!
Thinking About Social Problems: An Introduction to Constructionist Perspectives (2nd edition)
by Donileen R. LosekeThis second edition of a classroom text devotes more attention to new social movements that emphasize social change through identity transformation rather than through structural change, and looks more closely at the importance of emotion in constructing public consciousness of social problems. The author teaches at the University of South Florida. Annotation (c)2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Thinking About the Family: Views of Parents and Children
by Richard D. Ashmore David M. BrodzinskyFirst published in 1986. Over the past decade and a half the rising divorce rate, coupled with other changes in family life, has led some observers to conclude that the traditional nuclear family today is analogous to a species of dinosaur facing an inevitable Ice Age and, with it, extinction. During this recent period of social upheaval, in which the American family has undergone considerable change, there has been an exciting upswing in research on the family and the introduction of novel perspectives for seeking to understand this most important societal institution. This volume brings together the writings of a set of researchers who represent one of these emerging approaches.
Thinking about Thinking: Cognition, Science, and Psychotherapy
by Philip E. McDowellThis book examines cognition with a broad and comprehensive approach. Drawing upon the work of many researchers, McDowell applies current scientific thinking to enhance the understanding of psychotherapy and other contemporary topics, including economics and healthcare. Through the use of practical examples, his analysis is accessible to a wide range of readers. In particular, clinicians, physicians, and mental health professionals will learn more about the thought processes through which they and their patients assess information.
Thinking About Thinking: Studies in the Background of some Psychological Approaches (Psychology Revivals)
by Joan Wynn ReevesOriginally published in 1965, this title is a series of exploratory essays on approaches to thinking. The central topic is the relation of processes of an associative kind (sometimes irrational, in so far as they are not enmeshed with a world of shared experience) to those involving some degree of reference to a common world and hence forming the basis of constructive, critical and logical thought. This theme ran through a good deal of psychological controversy at the time. It is a very old theme that had been dealt with many times and in many ways in the course of its history. One might have chosen to discuss approaches to it other than those considered in the present volume. These, however, were selected for their bearing on one another, and because they formed an interesting part of the background to contemporary psychological theory of the time.
Thinking and Deciding
by Jonathan BaronThe fifth edition of the classic text Thinking and Deciding updates the broad overview of the field of judgments and decisions offered in previous editions. It covers the normative standards used to evaluate conclusions, such as logic, probability, and various forms of utility theory. It explains descriptive accounts of departures from these standards, largely in terms of principles of cognitive psychology, emphasizing the distinction between search processes and inferences. Chapters cover decisions under risk, decision analysis, moral decisions and social dilemmas, and decisions about the future. Although the book assumes no particular prerequisites beyond introductory high-school algebra, it is most suited to advanced undergraduates, early graduate students, and active researchers in related fields, such as business, politics, law, medicine, economics, and philosophy.
Thinking and Deciding
by Jonathan BaronBeginning with its first edition and through subsequent editions, Thinking and Deciding has established itself as the required text and important reference work for students and scholars of human cognition and rationality. In this, the fourth edition, Jonathan Baron retains the comprehensive attention to the key questions addressed in the previous editions - How should we think? What, if anything, keeps us from thinking that way? How can we improve our thinking and decision making? - and his expanded treatment of topics such as risk, utilitarianism, Baye's theorem, and moral thinking. With the student in mind, the fourth edition emphasises the development of an understanding of the fundamental concepts in judgement and decision making. This book is essential reading for students and scholars in judgement and decision making and related fields, including psychology, economics, law, medicine, and business.
Thinking and Language: Topics In Cognitive Psychology (New Essential Psychology Ser.)
by Judith GreeneOriginally published in 1875, this book discusses thinking and language and traces the development of different pscyological approaches, assessing their theoretical significance and the experimental evidence behind them. It ends by drawing together the various lines of argument to arrive at some general conclusions about language and thought, since it clearly emerges that the two are inextricably linked.
Thinking and Learning Skills: Volume 1: Relating Instruction To Research (Psychology of Education and Instruction Series)
by Judith W. Segal, Susan F. Chipman and Robert GlaserFirst Published in 1985. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Thinking and Learning Skills: Volume 2: Research and Open Questions (Psychology of Education and Instruction Series)
by Susan F. Chipman and Judith W. Segal and Robert Glaser"First Published in 1985, Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company."
Thinking and Perceiving (New Problems of Philosophy)
by Dustin StokesHuman beings are in contact with the world through their minds. One can make sensory perceptual contact with the world: One sees the tree and hears its leaves flutter. And one makes cognitive contact with the world: One forms beliefs about the tree, memories of how it was in the past, and expectations of how it will be in the future. Can the first, perception, be influenced in important ways by the second, cognition? Do cognitive states such as memories, beliefs, and expectations affect what one perceives through the senses? And what is the importance of these possible relations to how we theorize and understand the human mind? Possible cognitive influence on perception (sometimes called "cognitive penetration of perception") has been long debated in philosophy of mind and cognitive science: Some argue that such influence occurs, while others argue that it does not or cannot. In this excellent introduction and overview of the problem, Dustin Stokes examines the following: The philosophical and scientific background to cognition and perception Contemporary ways of distinguishing cognition and perception Questions about the representational content of perception versus cognition Distinct theories of mental architecture: modularity versus malleability Consequences for epistemology, philosophy of science, and aesthetics Philosophical and scientific research on perceptual attention Perceptual skill, learning, and expertise Perceptual content, objectivity, and cultural bias. Additional features, such as chapter summaries, suggestions for further reading, and a glossary, make Thinking and Perceiving an ideal resource for students of philosophy of mind and psychology, cognitive psychology, and cognitive science.
Thinking and Reasoning: Psychological Approaches (Psychology Revivals)
by Jonathan St. B.T. EvansThe subject of thinking is the oldest in the whole science of psychology, going back to well before the separation of the disciplines of philosophy and psychology. Originally published in 1983, this collection of up-to-date critical essays about thinking – with particular emphasis on reasoning – is written from the perspective of psychologists who are themselves actively engaged in research into the nature of human thought. The editor’s introduction identifies the major issues which have traditionally concerned students of human thought, and provides an historical background. It describes how at first the subject was studied by introspection, and how this method fell into disrepute at the end of last century. A satisfactory alternative has not yet emerged, although much recent work is based on the information-processing model, which sees the brain as a sophisticated computer. Consequently the papers presented in this volume deal with a wide range of issues, and a number of different experimental tasks and paradigms. They cover most current approaches to the theory and methodology of cognitive psychology, including problem solving, the relationship between language and thought, and reasoning.
Thinking and Reasoning: An Introduction to the Psychology of Reason, Judgment and Decision Making
by Ken Manktelow Niall GalbraithThe area of psychological research reviewed in this book is one that is not only increasing in popularity in college curricula, but is also making an ever larger impact on the world outside the classroom. Drawing upon research originally cited in Ken Manktelow’s highly successful publication Reasoning and Thinking, this completely rewritten textbook reflects on the revolutionary changes that have occurred in the field in recent years, stemming from the huge expansion in research output, as well as new methods and explanations, and the appearance of numerous books on the subject aimed at the popular market. The main areas covered are probability judgment, deductive and inductive reasoning, decision making, hypothetical thinking and rationality. In each case, the material is almost entirely new, with topics such as the new paradigm in reasoning research, causal reasoning and counterfactual thinking appearing for the first time. The book also presents an extended treatment of decision making research, and contains a chapter on individual and cultural influences on thinking. Thinking and Reasoning provides a detailed, integrated and approachable treatment of this area of cognitive psychology, and is ideal reading for intermediate and advanced undergraduate students; indeed, for anyone interested in how we draw conclusions and make choices.
Thinking at Every Desk: Four Simple Skills to Transform Your Classroom
by Laura Colosi Derek CabreraCutting-edge skills for twenty-first-century learners and educators. Designed to transform teaching practice, this book provides the tools to understand thinking patterns and how learning actually happens. It empowers teachers to structure learning in the most meaningful way, helping students explore new paths to knowledge.
The Thinking Child: Laying the foundations of understanding and competence
by Pamela MayWhat characteristics do children need to become motivated to learn? How do children’s experiences and relationships affect their cognitive development? How do you provide learning experiences that meet the developmental needs of every child in your care? The Thinking Child thoughtfully discusses the key principles of children’s cognitive and intellectual development alongside descriptions of everyday practice. It clearly explains the cognitive strategies that children use to learn new knowledge, the development of cognitive milestones such as symbolism, memories and the imagination, metacognition and creativity along with research into how the brain processes information. Throughout the book, the author considers the key characteristics of effective learning and shows how play is one of the primary mechanisms that children use to access new knowledge and to consolidate their emerging ideas and concepts. These characteristics are then applied to integral aspects of early years practice to show how pracitioners can: motivate children to learn new knowledge about themselves and the world around them; help children to develop their own ideas creatively and use this knowledge as a base to learn new things; reflect on their own teaching methods to encourage children’s engagement, motivation and creativity through effective observation and planning; engage with parents and carers to help support children’s learning at home whilst maintaining the values of the family; celebrate the uniqueness of each child and provide learning experiences that are appropriate for individuals with particular learning needs, be they physical, emotional or cognitive to ensure that every child has an equal opportunity to succeed. Emphasising the importance of understanding the theory that underpins children’s cognitive development, this accessible text shows practitioners how they can use this knowledge to provide learning opportunities that nourish children’s thinking and creative skills.
Thinking Collaboratively: Learning in a Community of Inquiry
by D. Randy GarrisonThinking Collaboratively is a theoretical and practical guide to thinking and learning in deep and meaningful ways within purposeful communities of inquiry. Critical thinking has long been recognized as an important educational goal but, until now, has largely been conceived and operationalized as an individual attitude and ability. Increasingly, however, a more relevant and complete cognitive construct has been emerging: thinking collaboratively. Thinking collaboratively is the means to inquire, test, and apply new understandings, and to make sense of the information that bombards us continuously. In short, thinking collaboratively is required to flourish in our highly connected world and, in this book based on more than a decade of research, Garrison provides an essential introduction to this vital concept.