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Confronting the Controversies: A Christian Responds to the Tough Issues
by Adam Hamilton Sally D. SharpeChristians are faced every day with daunting choices between difficult alternatives. What does my Christian faith have to say about the moral issues that divide our society? There are plenty of people on opposite sides of the spectrum claiming to know the will of God in these matters. It is nonetheless very difficult to find help in looking at both sides of these ethical questions and applying the biblical witness to arrive at an authentically Christian belief about them. This is precisely what Adam Hamilton proposes to do. Presented as a collection of sermons, Confronting the Controversies includes euthanasia, assisted suicide, creationism, abortion, and homosexuality. Scrupulously fair to both the positions of each side and their motivations for holding them, Hamilton offers clear, concise information on what is at stake in these explosive issues. Hamilton applies a careful, broad reading of Scripture to offer direct yet compassionate guidance on what a faithful Christian response will be. This book is set up for group study, with discussion questions at the end of each chapter.
Confronting the Enemies Within: The Journey Study Series
by Billy GrahamThere was once a time when the world was perfect. Then sin happened in Paradise, and life has never been the same. We all are affected by sin. Because of sin, we are our own worst enemies.Confronting the Enemies Within teaches us to trust God in everything. If we cultivate God's character in our lives, we can develop a strong relationship with Him that gives us the power to wage war against sin and temptation.The Journey Study Series is based on Billy Graham's best-selling book The Journey, the culmination of a lifetime of spiritual insight and ministry experience. Each chapter explores the joys, triumphs, and conflicts we all encounter on our journey through life.Use for self-study or shared experiences in small groupssix weeks of lessonssidebars offer a scriptural journey through God's wordQuestions for starting group discussionsInsight-filled Scripture passages to studyEach chapter includes thought-provoking questions, commentary, Scriptures, and insights to help you on life's journey. Each lesson teaches the secret of walking with God on life's path. Understanding God's truths will make life's journey easier and let Him fulfill His promise to lead you home.
Confucian Comparative Political Philosophy
by Yong LiThis book conducts a comparative study between Confucian political philosophy and contemporary political philosophy in the analytic tradition.The author demonstrates the relevance of Confucianism to contemporary discussions on important political ideals, such as equality, democracy, human rights, perfectionism, and global justice. He also introduces individual Confucian thinkers, including both historical figures like Kongzi, Mengzi, and Xunzi, and contemporary thinkers such as Kang Youwei and Mou Zongsan. By arguing whether certain Confucian ideals can broaden current debates in political philosophy, the book moves the discussion further.The book will appeal to graduate students and scholars studying ethics, political philosophy, and Chinese philosophy.
Confucian Iconoclasm: Textual Authority, Modern Confucianism, and the Politics of Antitradition in Republican China (SUNY series in Chinese Philosophy and Culture)
by Philippe MajorConfucian Iconoclasm proposes a novel account of the emergence of modern Confucian philosophy in Republican China (1912–1949), challenging the historiographical paradigm that modern (or New) Confucianism sought to preserve traditions against the iconoclasm of the May Fourth Movement. Through close textual analyses of Liang Shuming's Eastern and Western Cultures and Their Philosophies (1921) and Xiong Shili's New Treatise on the Uniqueness of Consciousness (1932), Philippe Major argues that the most successful modern Confucian texts of the Republican period were nearly as iconoclastic as the most radical of May Fourth intellectuals. Questioning the strict dichotomy between radicalism and conservatism that underscores most historical accounts of the period, Major shows that May Fourth and Confucian iconoclasts were engaged in a politics of antitradition aimed at the monopolization of intellectual commodities associated with universality, autonomy, and liberty. Understood as a counter-hegemonic strategy, Confucian iconoclasm emerges as an alternative iconoclastic project to that of May Fourth.
Confucian Moral Self Cultivation (Second Edition)
by Phillip J. IvanhoeA concise and accessible introduction to the evolution of the concept of moral self-cultivation in the Chinese Confucian tradition, this volume begins with an explanation of the pre-philosophical development of ideas central to this concept, followed by an examination of the specific treatment of self cultivation in the philosophy of Kongzi ("Confucius"), Mengzi ("Mencius"), Xunzi, Zhu Xi, Wang Yangming, Yan Yuan and Dai Zhen. In addition to providing a survey of the views of some of the most influential Confucian thinkers on an issue of fundamental importance to the tradition, Ivanhoe also relates their concern with moral self-cultivation to a number of topics in the Western ethical tradition. Bibliography and index are included.
Confucian Perfectionism: A Political Philosophy for Modern Times (The Princeton-China Series #6)
by Joseph ChanSince the very beginning, Confucianism has been troubled by a serious gap between its political ideals and the reality of societal circumstances. Contemporary Confucians must develop a viable method of governance that can retain the spirit of the Confucian ideal while tackling problems arising from nonideal modern situations. The best way to meet this challenge, Joseph Chan argues, is to adopt liberal democratic institutions that are shaped by the Confucian conception of the good rather than the liberal conception of the right.Confucian Perfectionism examines and reconstructs both Confucian political thought and liberal democratic institutions, blending them to form a new Confucian political philosophy. Chan decouples liberal democratic institutions from their popular liberal philosophical foundations in fundamental moral rights, such as popular sovereignty, political equality, and individual sovereignty. Instead, he grounds them on Confucian principles and redefines their roles and functions, thus mixing Confucianism with liberal democratic institutions in a way that strengthens both. Then he explores the implications of this new yet traditional political philosophy for fundamental issues in modern politics, including authority, democracy, human rights, civil liberties, and social justice.Confucian Perfectionism critically reconfigures the Confucian political philosophy of the classical period for the contemporary era.
Confucian Philosophy of Zhongdaology: Its Historical Origin and Contemporary Relevance
by Keqian XuThis book aims to give an account of the origin and the historical evolution of the philosophical tradition of the “Way of Zhong,” or “zhongdaology,” which represents not only the basic characteristic of Confucian philosophical thinking but also the core spirit of Chinese culture in general. It addresses the following questions: · Is Confucianism philosophy or not? · In the rich ethics, sociology, political science and other theories of Confucianism is there a consistent philosophical metaphysics and philosophical methodology? · What is the difference between the Confucian or the traditional Chinese philosophical way of thinking and that in the Western tradition? · What influence and significance do the basic principles of Confucian philosophy have on contemporary China and even the world? The book traces back to the original sources in ancient Confucian classics, conducts systematic and comprehensive research on the core philosophical concept of Confucianism, namely the philosophy of the zhong dao (the Middle Way), and analyzes the multiple meanings and philosophical connotations clustered in the word "zhong" and embodied in the idea of “zhong dao.” It points out the consistent philosophical view held by Confucianism in a series of philosophical issues, such as heaven and human, mind and material, internal desire and external conditions, subjective will and objective feasibility, ideal and reality, constancy and flexibility, means and purpose, motivation and effect, diversity and harmony, centrality and inclusiveness, etc., and termed it as "zhongdaology." It further discusses the presentation of “zhongdaological thinking” in the Confucian ethics and moral theory, social and political theory, historical view and even aesthetic view. It also provides comprehension of contemporary Chinese social and political cultural phenomena from the perspective of “zhongdaology.” This book is a rare introduction for students who want to understand Confucian cultural traditions from a philosophical perspective. It is also an illuminating read for general readers who want to understand the philosophical logic behind complex social and cultural phenomena in traditional and contemporary China.
Confucian Political Ethics (Ethikon Series in Comparative Ethics)
by Daniel A. BellFor much of the twentieth century, Confucianism was condemned by Westerners and East Asians alike as antithetical to modernity. Internationally renowned philosophers, historians, and social scientists argue otherwise in Confucian Political Ethics. They show how classical Confucian theory--with its emphasis on family ties, self-improvement, education, and the social good--is highly relevant to the most pressing dilemmas confronting us today. Drawing upon in-depth, cross-cultural dialogues, the contributors delve into the relationship of Confucian political ethics to contemporary social issues, exploring Confucian perspectives on civil society, government, territorial boundaries and boundaries of the human body and body politic, and ethical pluralism. They examine how Confucianism, often dismissed as backwardly patriarchal, can in fact find common ground with a range of contemporary feminist values and need not hinder gender equality. And they show how Confucian theories about war and peace were formulated in a context not so different from today's international system, and how they can help us achieve a more peaceful global community. This thought-provoking volume affirms the enduring relevance of Confucian moral and political thinking, and will stimulate important debate among policymakers, researchers, and students of politics, philosophy, applied ethics, and East Asian studies. The contributors are Daniel A. Bell, Joseph Chan, Sin Yee Chan, Chenyang Li, Richard Madsen, Ni Lexiong, Peter Nosco, Michael Nylan, Henry Rosemont, Jr., and Lee H. Yearley.
Confucian Political Philosophy: Dialogues on the State of the Field
by Yong Huang Robert A. CarleoThis book debates the values and ideals of Confucian politics—harmony, virtue, freedom, justice, order—and what these ideals mean for Confucian political philosophy today. The authors deliberate these eminent topics in five debates centering on recent innovative and influential publications in the field. Challenging and building on those works, the dialogues consider the roles of benevolence, family determination, public reason, distributive justice, and social stability in Confucian political philosophy. In response, the authors defend their views and evaluate their critics in turn. Taking up a broad range of crucial issues—autonomy, liberty, democracy, political legitimacy, human welfare—these author-meets-critic debates will appeal to scholars interested in political, comparative, and East Asian philosophy. Their interlaced themes weave a portrait of what is at stake in discussing Confucian values and theory. Most importantly, they engage and develop the state of the field of Confucian political philosophy today.
Confucian Propriety and Ritual Learning: A Philosophical Interpretation (SUNY series in Chinese Philosophy and Culture)
by Geir SigurðssonHonorable Mention, 2018 Outstanding Book Award presented by the Society of Professors of EducationGeir Sigurðsson offers a reconsideration of li, often translated as "ritual" or "ritual propriety," one of the most controversial concepts in Confucian philosophy. Strong associations with the Zhou period during which Confucius lived have put this concept at odds with modernity's emphasis on progressive rationality and liberation from the yoke of tradition. Sigurðsson notes how the Confucian perspective on learning provides a more balanced understanding of li. He goes on to discuss the limitations of the critique of tradition and of rationality's claim to authority, referencing several Western sources, notably Hans-Georg Gadamer, John Dewey, and Pierre Bourdieu. An exposition of the ancient Chinese worldview of time and continuous change further points to the inevitability of li's adaptable and flexible nature. Sigurðsson argues that Confucius and his immediate followers did not endorse a program of returning to the Zhou tradition, but rather of reviving the spirit of Zhou culture, involving active and personalized participation in tradition's sustention and evolution.
Confucian Timely Mean and Christian Discernment: Confucian-Christian Dialogue for Spirituality of Discernment and Applied Ethics (Studies in World Christianity and Interreligious Relations)
by Sung-Hae KimThis book explores the notion of timely mean, a virtue established in the Confucian tradition, in dialogue with the Christian understanding of discernment, especially as used in spirituality studies. It considers the historical development of these concepts, addressing the early encounter between Confucianism and Christianity as demonstrated in China and Korea, and the fusion of the two perspectives in the nineteenth century. The chapters examine some of the major scholars and texts that have influenced both theory and practice, providing insight through a comparison of representative figures from each tradition. The author contends that bringing Confucian ‘timely mean’ into conversation with Christian ‘discernment’ reveals that the immense riches accumulated within each tradition can mutually enhance one another. The book reflects on the possibility of a viable process for ethical and spiritual discernment that is highly relevant for our global age. It is valuable reading for scholars and students of both Confucianism and Christian theology as well as of applied ethics, particularly those interested in comparative spirituality and interreligious relations.
Confucianism
by Dorothy Hoobler Thomas HooblerA detailed and quite comprehensive discussion of the Confucianism and its influence on culture and history. Long dismissed as irrelevant by Communist China, Confucianism is experiencing a new resurgence in China and around the globe. So-called New Confucianists seek to find a unity between their religion and the modern world, rejecting any form of cultural isolationism. Founded in China 2,500 years ago by a master philosopher, Confucianism was a system of ethical behavior and social responsibility that evolved into one of the great spiritual traditions of the East. It has played a profoundly important role in the evolution of Chinese civilization over the centuries and has had a marked influence on other Asian cultures including those of Vietnam, Korea, and Japan. This clear and engaging account of the historical development of Confucianism presents the basic tenets of Confucian thought, traces its evolution in response to the events of Chinese history, and examines its enduring relevance to the contemporary world.
Confucianism and Christianity: Interreligious Dialogue on the Theology of Mission (Studies in World Christianity and Interreligious Relations)
by Edmund Kee-Fook ChiaThis book reflects on three broad themes of Confucian-Christian relations to assist in the appreciation of the church’s theology of mission. While the themes of this volume are theological in orientation, the dialogue is engaged in from an interdisciplinary approach that prioritises the act of listening. Part I surveys the historical background necessary for an adequate understanding of the contemporary Confucian-Christian dialogues. It examines the history of Confucian-Christian relations, explores the Chinese Rites Controversy, and delineates the contemporary task of indigenizing Christianity by Sino-Christian theologians. Part II compares elements in the Confucian and Christian traditions that exemplify the epitome and fullness of spiritual development. It discusses the Confucian practice of rites (li), interrogates how the noble or exemplary person (junzi) competes, and outlines the Confucian understanding of sageliness (shengren). Lastly, Part III examines different aspects of the church’s engagements with the world outside of itself. It advocates for a Confucian-Christian hermeneutic of moral goodness, attends to the Confucian emphasis on moral self-cultivation, proposes that Confucian virtue ethics can shed light on Christian moral living, and offers a Confucian-Christian understanding of care for mother earth. This book is ideally suited to lecturers and students of both Christian studies and Confucian studies, as well as those engaged in mission studies and interfaith studies. It will also be a valuable resource for anyone interested in comparative religious and theological studies on Christianity and Confucianism.
Confucianism and Modernization in East Asia: Critical Reflections
by Kim Kyong-DongSpanning the 19th and 20th centuries and identifying multiple waves of modernization, this book illustrates how principles originating in Chinese Confucianism have impacted the modernization of East Asia, especially in Korea. It also analyzes how such principles are exercised at personal, interpersonal and organizational levels. As modernization unfolds in East Asia, there is a rising interest in tradition of Confucianism and reconsider the relevance of Confucianism to global development. This book considers the actual historical significance of Confucianism in the modernization of the three nations in this region, China, Korea, and Japan through the nineteenth century and early twentieth century to the aftermath of the end of World War II. Examining the existing literature dealing with how Confucianism has been viewed in connection with modernization, it provides insight into western attitudes towards Confucianism and the changes in perceptions relative to Asia in the very process of modernization itself.
Confucianism and Sacred Space: The Confucius Temple from Imperial China to Today
by Chin-shing HuangTemples dedicated to Confucius are found throughout China and across East Asia, dating back over two thousand years. These sacred and magnificent sanctuaries hold deep cultural and political significance.This book brings together studies from Chin-shing Huang’s decades-long research into Confucius temples that individually and collectively consider Confucianism as religion. Huang uses the Confucius temple to explore Confucianism both as one of China’s “three religions” (with Buddhism and Daoism) and as a cultural phenomenon, from the early imperial era through the present day. He argues for viewing Confucius temples as the holy ground of Confucianism, symbolic sites of sacred space that represent a point of convergence between political and cultural power. Their complex histories shed light on the religious nature and character of Confucianism and its status as official religion in imperial China. Huang examines topics such as the political and intellectual elements of Confucian enshrinement, how Confucius temples were brought into the imperial ritual system from the Tang dynasty onward, and why modern Chinese largely do not think of Confucianism as a religion.A nuanced analysis of the question of Confucianism as religion, Confucianism and Sacred Space offers keen insights into Confucius temples and their significance in the intertwined intellectual, political, social, and religious histories of imperial China.
Confucianism and the Continuation of Anti-Enlightenment
by Xiaojie ChenIn 18th-century Europe, before the “Counter-Enlightenment,” two coexisting perspectives emerged within the Enlightenment: the first was the belief that humans were endowed with the capacity to think independently, which led to the possibility of egalitarianism; the second was the restriction of the faculty’s scope of application, which argued that the people must rely on intellectuals as their new shepherds. The latter is “Anti-Enlightenment” and anti-egalitarian.This book argues that Neo-Confucianism showed these two Enlightenment trends after the 11th century. The imperial examination reform allowed commoners to rise to the bureaucratic elite, thereby achieving top-down “Enlightenment”. Despite the emerging elite’s claims of caring for the people, this benevolence does not expect the people to become self-sufficient adults, which brings up this book’s second theme of comparing French Revolution “Fraternity” with Confucian “Benevolence.”Taking “Enlightenment” and “Fraternity” as clues, the author analyses the intellectual history in four countries (China, Japan, Germany, and France), revealing not only the inherent “Anti-Enlightenment” mentality within the European Enlightenment, but also the process of “Enlightenment” commenced as early as the 11th century in China.This book will appeal to scholars of Enlightenment, intellectual history, and comparative study of East-West thought.
Confucianism as a World Religion: Contested Histories and Contemporary Realities
by Anna SunIs Confucianism a religion? If so, why do most Chinese think it isn't? From ancient Confucian temples, to nineteenth-century archives, to the testimony of people interviewed by the author throughout China over a period of more than a decade, this book traces the birth and growth of the idea of Confucianism as a world religion. The book begins at Oxford, in the late nineteenth century, when Friedrich Max Müller and James Legge classified Confucianism as a world religion in the new discourse of "world religions" and the emerging discipline of comparative religion. Anna Sun shows how that decisive moment continues to influence the understanding of Confucianism in the contemporary world, not only in the West but also in China, where the politics of Confucianism has become important to the present regime in a time of transition. Contested histories of Confucianism are vital signs of social and political change. Sun also examines the revival of Confucianism in contemporary China and the social significance of the ritual practice of Confucian temples. While the Chinese government turns to Confucianism to justify its political agenda, Confucian activists have started a movement to turn Confucianism into a religion. Confucianism as a world religion might have begun as a scholarly construction, but are we witnessing its transformation into a social and political reality? With historical analysis, extensive research, and thoughtful reflection, Confucianism as a World Religion will engage all those interested in religion and global politics at the beginning of the Chinese century.
Confucianism at War: 1931–1945
by Shaun O’DwyerThis is the first book-length study of wartime Confucianism in any language, providing new insights into key developments in Confucian thought and ideology in East Asia in the 1930s and 1940s.In standard scholarship on the ideologies driving nation-building and imperialism during the era of Japanese expansionism that began in 1931, Confucianism is rarely referenced and relegated to the background. This volume brings together the work of scholars who argue for a revision of this standard view. It includes studies of Japanese, Chinese, colonial Manchurian, and Korean intellectuals and reformers who contributed to expansionist, collaborationist, or nationalist ideology-building during the war. Contrary to the assumption that Confucianism was an anachronism rendered irrelevant by the Westernizing political reforms and revolutions of the early twentieth century, the chapters in this book show that Confucianism remained a potent and also contested cultural resource for promoting national cohesion, war mobilization and expansionism in East Asia between the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and the end of World War II in 1945. This book will appeal to scholars and students of Asian studies, nationalism studies, postcolonial studies, religious studies, and philosophy. In particular, it is essential reading for those interested in nationalism and modern Confucian thought in East Asia.
Confucianism's Prospects: A Reassessment (SUNY series in Chinese Philosophy and Culture)
by Shaun O'DwyerIn Confucianism's Prospects, Shaun O'Dwyer offers a rare critical engagement with English language scholarship on Confucianism. Against the background of historical and sociological research into the rapid modernization of East Asian societies, O'Dwyer reviews several key Confucian ethical ideas and proposals for East Asian alternatives to liberal democracy that have emerged from this scholarship. He also puts the following question to Confucian scholars: what prospects do those ideas and proposals have in East Asian societies in which liberal democracy and pluralism are well established, and individualization and declining fertility are impacting deeply upon family life? In making his case, O'Dwyer draws upon the neglected work of Japanese philosophers and intellectuals who were witnesses to Japan's pioneering East Asian modernization, and protagonists in the rise and disastrous wartime fall of its own modernized Confucianism. He contests a sometimes Sinocentric and ahistorical conception of East Asian societies as "Confucian societies," while also recognizing that Confucian traditions can contribute importantly to global philosophical dialogue, and to civic and religious life.
Confucianism, A Habit of the Heart: Bellah, Civil Religion, and East Asia
by Philip J. Ivanhoe; Sungmoon KimCan Confucianism be regarded as a civil religion for East Asia? This book explores this question, bringing the insights of Robert Bellah to a consideration of various expressions of the contemporary Confucian revival. Bellah identified American civil religion as a religious dimension of life that can be found throughout US culture, but one without any formal institutional structure. Rather, this "civil" form of religion provides the ethical principles that command reverence and by which a nation judges itself. Extending Bellah's work, contributors from both the social sciences and the humanities conceive of East Asia's Confucian revival as a "habit of the heart," an underlying belief system that guides a society, and examine how Confucianism might function as a civil religion in China, Korea, and Japan. They discuss what aspects of Confucian tradition and thought are being embraced; some of the social movements, political factors, and opportunities connected with the revival of the tradition; and why Confucianism has not traveled much beyond East Asia. The late Robert Bellah's reflection on the possibility for a global civil religion concludes the volume.
Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism, Christianity and Chinese Culture (China Academic Library)
by Yijie TangThis book collects the 25 most important articles written by Professor Tang since the 1980s, dealing extensively with issues of Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism, Christianity and Chinese culture. In these articles, Professor Tang proves his value as a worthy successor to the Chinese philosophical tradition, while also open to the latest trends of thought both at home and abroad. The late Professor Tang Yijie (1927-2014) was a prominent professor at Peking University and China's top scholar on philosophy and Chinese studies. He spearheaded the Confucian Canon project (**), which seeks to compile all known classical works on Confucianism, comparable in scope and significance to the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries (****), the largest collection of books on Chinese history, which was commissioned by the Qianlong Emperor in the 18th century. Throughout his life, Professor Tang published scores of books and more than one hundred articles, offering enlightening insights into how to deal with issues that have historically troubled and continue to trouble people in modern society. Among his numerous innovations, Professor Tang is especially remembered for introducing the concept of "harmony in diversity"****. In the context of "the clash of civilizations" championed by Samuel P. Huntington, Tang argued for harmony in diversity, holding that this principle can offer some clues to help enable peoples, nations, and regions with different cultural traditions to develop together while remaining unique. note: * represents Chinese character, please refer to BCC file.
Confucianism: A Short Introduction (From Buddhism To Sufism Ser.)
by John Berthrong Evelyn BerthrongAgainst the backdrop of seventeenth-century China, this unique new introduction follows a Confucian couple, together with their family, friends, and staff, through a typical day. The result offers a fascinating insight into the intellectual, scholarly, and practical aspects of Confucianism.
Confucius The Essential Analects: Selected Passages With Traditional Commentary
by Confucius Edward SlingerlandThe Essential Analects offers a representative selection from Edward Slingerland's acclaimed translation of the full work, including passages covering all major themes. An appendix of selected traditional commentaries keyed to each passage provides access to the text and to its reception and interpretation. Also included are a glossary of terms and short biographies of the disciples of Confucius and the traditional commentators cited.
Confucius for Christians: What an Ancient Chinese Worldview Can Teach Us about Life in Christ
by Gregg A. Ten ElshofShows how wisdom from an Eastern tradition can enrich the lives of Jesus followers everywhere This unique book explores ways of using resources from the Confucian wisdom tradition to inform Christian living. Neither highlighting nor diminishing the differences between Confucianism and Christianity, Gregg Ten Elshof reflects on questions and issues in the Christian life with the Confucian worldview in mind. In examining such subjects as family, learning, and ethics, Ten Elshof sets the typical Western worldview against the Confucian worldview and considers how each worldview lines up with the teachings of Jesus. Pointing to much that is good and helpful in the Confucian tradition, Ten Elshof shows how reflection on the teachings of Confucius can inspire a deeper and richer understanding of what it really means to live the Jesus way.
Confucius for Christians: What an Ancient Chinese Worldview Can Teach Us about Life in Christ
by Gregg A. Ten ElshofShows how wisdom from an Eastern tradition can enrich the lives of Jesus followers everywhere This unique book explores ways of using resources from the Confucian wisdom tradition to inform Christian living. Neither highlighting nor diminishing the differences between Confucianism and Christianity, Gregg Ten Elshof reflects on questions and issues in the Christian life with the Confucian worldview in mind. In examining such subjects as family, learning, and ethics, Ten Elshof sets the typical Western worldview against the Confucian worldview and considers how each worldview lines up with the teachings of Jesus. Pointing to much that is good and helpful in the Confucian tradition, Ten Elshof shows how reflection on the teachings of Confucius can inspire a deeper and richer understanding of what it really means to live the Jesus way.