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The Arabic Historical Tradition & the Early Islamic Conquests: Folklore, Tribal Lore, Holy War
by Boaz ShoshanThe early Arab conquests pose a considerable challenge to modern-day historians. The earliest historical written tradition emerges only after the second half of the eighth century- over one hundred years removed from the events it contends to describe, and was undoubtedly influenced by the motives and interpretations of its authors. Indeed, when speaking or writing about the past, fact was not the only, nor even the prime, concern of Muslims of old. The Arabic Historic Tradition and the Early Islamic Conquests presents a thorough examination of Arabic narratives on the early Islamic conquests. It uncovers the influence of contemporary ideology, examining recurring fictive motifs and evaluating the reasons behind their use. Folklore and tribal traditions are evident throughout the narratives, which aimed to promote individual, tribal and regional fame through describing military prowess in the battles for the spread of Islam. Common tropes are encountered across the materials, which all serve a central theme; the moral superiority of the Muslims, which destined them to victory in God’s plan. Offering a key to the state of mind and agenda of early Muslim writers, this critical reading of Arabic texts would be of great interest to students and scholars of early Arabic History and Literature, as well as a general resource for Middle Eastern History.
The Arabs
by Eugene RoganTo American observers, the Arab world often seems little more than a distant battleground characterized by religious zealotry and political chaos. Years of tone-deaf US policies have left the region powerless to control its own destiny-playing into a longstanding sense of shame and impotence for a once-mighty people. In this definitive account, preeminent historian Eugene Rogan traces five centuries of Arab history, from the Ottoman conquests through the British and French colonial periods and up to the present age of unipolar American hegemony. The Arab world is now more acutely aware than ever of its own vulnerability, and this sense of subjection carries with it vast geopolitical consequences. Drawing from Arab sources little known to Western readers, Rogan’sThe Arabswill transform our understanding of the past, present, and future of one of the world’s most tumultuous regions.
The Arc of Faith-Based Initiatives: Religion's Changing Role In Welfare Service Provision
by John P. Bartkowski Susan E. GrettenbergerAnalyzes the activities of faith-based organizations in Mississippi, Michigan, and the Pacific Northwest.<p><p> Compares services delivered by faith-based organizations and secular agencies.<p> Examines family support, transitional homeless, and addiction recovery programs.<p> Offers an in-depth analysis of the topic with rich qualitative data.<p>This volume offers an in-depth examination of a diverse range of faith-based programs implemented in three different geographical locales: family support in rural Mississippi, transitional housing in Michigan, and addiction recovery in the Pacific Northwest (Washington-Oregon). Various types of religious service providers—faith-intensive and faith-related—are carefully examined, and secular organizations also serve as an illuminating point of comparison. Among other insights, this book reveals how the “three C’s” of social service provision—programmatic content, organizational culture, and ecological context—all combine to shape the delivery of welfare services in the nonprofit world. This book warns against simplistic generalizations about faith-based organizations. Faith-based providers exhibit considerable diversity and, quite often, remarkable resilience in the face of challenging social circumstances. An appreciation of these nuances is critical as policies concerning faith-based organizations continue to evolve.
The Arcana of Freemasonry: A History of Masonic Signs and Symbols
by Albert ChurchwardIn this illustrated volume, an expert in arcane symbolism traces Masonic history from Ancient Egypt to the twentieth century through more than one hundred symbols.The Freemasons have profoundly altered the course of history. Their belief in liberty and equality influenced both the French and American Revolutions, as evidenced in part by the symbols on our currency. In The Arcana of Freemasonry, first published in 1915, Albert Churchward weaves a tale of Masonry’s origins in ancient Egypt and its continuance through history—all told via Masonic symbols and symbolism.From Egyptian history and Mayan relief work through Greek mathematicians, philosophers, and metaphysicians, Churchward traces the development of the most basic symbols of Freemasonry. He also reveals the hidden symbolism found in the signs and tools of modern Freemasonry and helps readers find hidden meanings in all areas of life from art and architecture to geometry and poetry.
The Archaeology
by David DownDeveloped with three educational levels in mind, The Archaeology Book takes you on an exciting exploration of history and ancient cultures. You'll learn both the techniques of the archaeologist and the accounts of some of the richest discoveries of the Middle East that demonstrate the accuracy and historicity of the Bible.
The Archaeology of Ancient Israelite Knowledge (Biblical Literature)
by Robert S. KawashimaThe Archaeology of Ancient Israelite Knowledge reconstructs in carefully researched detail the worldview of the ancient Israelites writers responsible for the Hebrew Bible. What was the role of God in their lives? How did they see the relationship between God, nature, and themselves? Contrary to prevailing scholarly understanding, Robert Kawashima argues that the ancient Israelites saw God in a radically different way than the peoples around them. God no longer interconnected everything—humans, nature—but became seen as sharply separated from nature.Elegantly written and powerfully argued, The Archaeology of Ancient Israelite Knowledge is essential reading for anyone wanting to grasp the Hebrew Bible and the ancient world that gave rise to it.
The Archaeology of Reformation,1480-1580 (The\society For Post-medieval Archaeology Monographs)
by David GaimsterTraditionally the Reformation has been viewed as responsible for the rupture of the medieval order and the foundation of modern society. Recently historians have challenged the stereotypical model of cataclysm, and demonstrated that the religion of Tudor England was full of both continuities and adaptations of traditional liturgy, ritual and devoti
The Archaeology of Sacred Spaces: The temple in western India, 2nd century BCE–8th century CE (Archaeology and Religion in South Asia)
by Himanshu Prabha Ray Susan Verma MishraThis volume focuses on the religious shrine in western India as an institution of cultural integration in the period spanning 200 BCE to 800 CE. It presents an analysis of religious architecture at multiple levels, both temporal and spatial, and distinguishes it as a ritual instrument that integrates individuals and communities into a cultural fabric. The work shows how these structures emphasise on communication with a host of audiences such as the lay worshipper, the ritual specialist, the royalty and the elite as well as the artisan and the sculptor. It also examines religious imagery, inscriptions, traditional lore and Sanskrit literature. The book will be of special interest to researchers and scholars of ancient Indian history, Hinduism, religious studies, architecture and South Asian studies.
The Archaeology of the Holy Land
by Jodi MagnessThis book provides an introduction to the archaeology and history of ancient Palestine - modern Israel, Jordan, and the Palestinian territories - from the destruction of Solomon's temple in 586 BCE to the Muslim conquest in 640 CE. Special attention is paid to the archaeology of Jerusalem and the Second Temple period, in the time of Herod the Great and Jesus. For each period, the book offers a historical background for the Mediterranean world and the ancient Near East, as well as the events in Palestine. Major sites such as Masada, Caesarea Maritima, and Petra are examined in archaeological and historical detail, along with the material culture - coins, pottery, glass, and stone vessels - of each period. This book provides a thorough overview of the archaeology of this historically vibrant part of the world.
The Archaeology of the Nātha Sampradāya in Western India, 12th to 15th Century (Archaeology and Religion in South Asia)
by Vijay SardeThis book studies Nātha sampradāya through archaeological evidence for the first time. Drawing on a pioneering approach to the study of ascetic traditions, it investigates not only the nature of the Nātha sampradāya’s religious architecture but also examines the extent to which they shared space with other religious groups such as the devotees of Siva and Sakti, Buddhism, and Islam, especially with the Sufi tradition. Focusing on western India, the book sifts through a variety of archaeological evidence and documentation of their temples, caves, and maṭhas. It critically analyses iconographic representations of ascetics on temple walls and sculptural representations of yogic postures or āsanas. Further, these representations are discussed within a pan-South Asian framework to highlight both the commonalities of the tradition across the subcontinent and the regional specificities, along with their chronological spread. Breaking new ground, this volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of religion, especially Hinduism, history, archaeology, and South Asian studies.
The Archangel Guide to Ascension: 55 Steps to the Light
by Diana Cooper Tim WhildTwo leading spiritual teachers share new, high-frequency ascending information—so that you can accelerate your journey to the light Since 2012, the energy on this planet has changed considerably, with much more high-frequency energy coming in. In addition, many of the tools and techniques we have been using on the ascension path have moved to a new vibration with different geometric set-ups. Diana Cooper and Tim Whild have been working with the angels for many years and believe that people are ready to receive this higher-level information. The Archangels are stepping in to help you to ascend your frequency to the fifth dimension and beyond. In The Archangel Guide to Ascension, they offer clear steps to accelerate your journey to the light. These steps are sequential so that your path will be smooth and clear. Each chapter offers guidance about the Archangels, information about the step you are on, and a visualization to assist you. Archangel Metatron, who vibrates with the number 55, is overlighting the whole book, and will be with you as you work with the guidance it offers.
The Archangel Guide to Enlightenment and Mastery: Living in the Fifth Dimension
by Diana Whild Tim WhildThis book offers the reader information, exercises and meditations to become an enlightened master in this lifetime. Diana Cooper and Tim Whild explain why this twenty-year period offers an unprecedented opportunity for spiritual growth, and to help you take advantage of this, they connect you to the highest frequency dragons, unicorns, angels and great ascended masters from all over the universe, who are assisting you to move into your true potential. For the first time since the golden era of Atlantis those who are ready can be bathed in ninth-dimensional frequencies. The entire book vibrates at the fifth to seventh dimension, interwoven with incredible shining ninth-dimensional threads. Lord Kuthumi, the world teacher, takes you into his twelve teaching temples, where he and great universal angels and masters take you on a training course into enlightenment and mastery. In addition, many of the greatest masters ever to serve our planet share their secrets and assistance. Lord Voosloo, the highest frequency high priest to have served in Atlantis has allowed us to access his incredible energy to take the reader to the highest levels now achievable on planet Earth. This book is a must-have read for those who wish to fulfill their soul missions in this life and serve Gaia in the fifth dimension and beyond.
The Archangel Guide to the Animal World
by Diana CooperJust like humans, each type of animal has its own soul purpose on Earth. Birds, fish, insects and reptiles are on their own spiritual journey. Some animals incarnate in service to humanity, while others serve the planet or are here to grow spiritually through life on Earth. The souls of animals, like the souls of humans, come from different stars or planets, even from different universes.In this book, which features unprecedented teachings on the animal realm, Diana Cooper shares fascinating channelled information about the soul missions and service work of many of the creatures of the world. We discover the various planets or stars from which they originate and what they come to Earth to learn or teach.As well as comprehensive material about the creatures with whom we share the planet and the particular angels they work with, this incredible book contains visualizations to connect with them and prayers to help them all.The Archangel Guide to the Animal World will expand your consciousness and help you see to the animal world with enlightened eyes.
The Archetypal Sunnī Scholar: Law, Theology, and Mysticism in the Synthesis of al-Bājūri
by Aaron SpevackThis is a rare study of a late premodern Islamic thinker, Ibrahim al- Bājūrī, a nineteenth-century scholar and rector of Cairo's al-Azhar University. Aaron Spevack explores al- Bājūrī's legal, theological, and mystical thought, highlighting its originality and vibrancy in relation to the millennium of scholarship that preceded and informed it, and also detailing its continuing legacy. The book makes a case for the normativity of the Gabrielian Paradigm, the study of law, rational theology, and Sufism, in the person of al- Bājūrī. Soon after his death in 1860, this typical pattern of scholarship would face significant challenges from modernists, reformers, and fundamentalists. Spevack challenges beliefs that rational theology, syllogistic logic, and Sufism were not part of the predominant conception of orthodox scholarship and shows this scholarly archetype has not disappeared as an ideal. In addition, the book contests prevailing beliefs in academic and Muslim circles about intellectual decline from the thirteenth through nineteenth centuries.
The Architecture of Medieval Churches: Theology of Love in Practice (Routledge Research in Architecture)
by John A.H. LewisThe Architecture of Medieval Churches investigates the impact of affective theology on architecture and artefacts, focusing on the Middle Ages as a period of high achievement of this synthesis. It explores aspects of medieval church and cathedral architecture in relation to the contemporary metaphysics and theology, which articulated an integrated theocentric culture, architecture, and art. Three modes of attention: comprehension, instruction, and contemplation, informed the builders’ intuition and intention. The book’s central premise reasons that love for God was the critical force in the creation of vernacular church architecture, using a selection of medieval writings to provide a unique critique of the genius of architecture and art during this period. An interdisciplinary study between architecture, theology, and philosophy, it will appeal to academics and researchers in these fields.
The Archko Volume or the Archeological Writings of the Sanhedrim and Talmuds of the Jews
by Dr McIntoshThe Archko Volume by Dr. McIntosh is a controversial and intriguing collection of supposed ancient documents, claiming to offer firsthand accounts and historical insights into the life and ministry of Jesus Christ. Presented as translations of writings from Jewish sources, including the Sanhedrin and the Talmud, the book purports to shed light on events surrounding Jesus' trial, crucifixion, and the reactions of key figures in early Christianity.The volume includes alleged interviews with individuals such as Pontius Pilate, Caiaphas, and Herod, offering unique and dramatic perspectives on the trial of Jesus and the controversies surrounding His teachings. These accounts aim to provide a historical narrative that complements the biblical Gospels, blending archaeological curiosity with theological interest. Readers encounter detailed reflections on Jesus' character, miracles, and the tensions between Jewish authorities and His growing following.However, The Archko Volume has been the subject of significant scholarly debate and skepticism. Many historians and theologians have questioned the authenticity of the documents included, with some identifying them as fabrications or heavily embellished accounts. Despite these controversies, the book remains popular among readers interested in alternative narratives and historical interpretations of biblical events.The Archko Volume appeals to those drawn to biblical archaeology, historical mysteries, and religious studies. Whether approached as a curiosity, an exploration of speculative history, or a cautionary tale in textual authenticity, the book invites reflection on the enduring fascination with the life of Jesus and the events that shaped early Christianity. For some, it serves as an imaginative supplement to Scripture; for others, it is a reminder of the importance of critical scholarship in the study of ancient texts.
The Arguments of Aquinas: A Philosophical View (Routledge Studies in the Philosophy of Religion)
by J.J. MacIntoshThe Arguments of Aquinas is intended for readers with philosophical interests, who may not be specialists in medieval philosophy. Some think that a medieval saint must be, as such, wrong, dated, and boring; others feel that a saint, any saint, must be right, relevant, and inspirational. Both groups are likely to misread Aquinas, if indeed they read him at all. The works of great philosophers are products of their times, but that does not lessen their value for us. We profit by reading the works of St Thomas in the same interested but critical way that we read the works of our contemporaries. MacIntosh does not hesitated to compare Thomas's arguments with those of later philosophers as well as with those of his contemporaries and earlier philosophers. He chooses topics from a variety of still interesting problem areas: the existence and attributes of God, including God's foreknowledge and human free will, causality and the origin of the universe, time and necessity, human souls, angels, and the problem of evil. Additionally, the volume looks at his views on honesty and lying, and on human sexuality, on which he is, as ever, philosophically interesting whether or not we accept his conclusions.
The Aristocrat's Lady
by Mary MooreAn Unexpected EncounterFor a few moments on a moonlit balcony, Nicole Beaumont was just a beautiful woman catching the eye of the handsome Lord Devlin-but she knew the illusion couldn't last. If the enigmatic aristocrat knew her secret, he'd realize that her disability left her unfit for love. So who could blame her for hiding the truth a little longer?Devlin had never met a woman like Nicole. Her unique combination of innocence and wisdom left him utterly intrigued. Yet what was she hiding? For a man who did not trust easily, discovering her secret was devastating. Overcoming their pasts and forging a future would take faith, forgiveness and trust. And second chances could lead to new beginnings...
The Ark Before Noah
by Irving FinkelThe recent translation of a Babylonian tablet launches a groundbreaking investigation into one of the most famous stories in the world, challenging the way we look at ancient history. Since the Victorian period, it has been understood that the story of Noah, iconic in the Book of Genesis, and a central motif in Judaism, Christianity and Islam, derives from a much older story that existed centuries before in ancient Babylon. But the relationship between the Babylonian and biblical traditions was shrouded in mystery. Then, in 2009, Irving Finkel, a curator at the British Museum and a world authority on ancient Mesopotamia, found himself playing detective when a member of the public arrived at the museum with an intriguing cuneiform tablet from a family collection. Not only did the tablet reveal a new version of the Babylonian Flood Story; the ancient poet described the size and completely unexpected shape of the ark, and gave detailed boat building specifications. Decoding this ancient message wedge by cuneiform wedge, Dr. Finkel discovered where the Babylonians believed the ark came to rest and developed a new explanation of how the old story ultimately found its way into the Bible. In The Ark Before Noah, Dr. Finkel takes us on an adventurous voyage of discovery, opening the door to an enthralling world of ancient voices and new meanings.
The Ark of Speech
by Jean-Louis ChrétienThe Ark of Speech investigates the interplay of speech and silence in the dialogue between God and human beings, and human beings and the world. Ranging from the Old Testament and its depiction of God's creative word to the New Testament and its focus on the life and words of Jesus as the Word of the Father, the book shows how important it is for the believer to listen to God and to others in silence and devotion.
The Armageddon Code: One Journalist's Quest for End-Times Answers
by Billy HallowellThrough a thought-provoking, journalistic voice, Billy Hallowell, faith editor for theblaze.com, provides objective one-on-one interviews with various leading voices in Christian ministry to explain what they believe the Bible teaches us about the last days. From its easy-to-understand writing style to other helpful tools, everything about this book was created to allow you to educate yourself on what the Bible says, compare what the experts believe, and draw your own conclusions about the end times.
The Armageddon Factor: The Rise of Christian Nationalism in Canada
by Marci McdonaldIn her new book, award-winning journalist Marci McDonald draws back the curtain on the mysterious world of the right-wing Christian nationalist movement in Canada and its many ties to the Conservative government of Stephen Harper. To most Canadians, the politics of the United States -- where fundamentalist Christians wield tremendous power and culture wars split the country -- seem too foreign to ever happen here. But The Armageddon Factor shows that the Canadian Christian right -- infuriated by the legalization of same-sex marriage and the increasing secularization of society -- has been steadily and stealthily building organizations, alliances and contacts that have put them close to the levers of power and put the government of Canada in their debt. Determined to outlaw homosexuality and abortion, and to restore Canada to what they see as its divinely determined destiny to be a nation ruled by Christian laws and precepts, this group of true believers has moved the country far closer to the American mix of politics and religion than most Canadians would ever believe. McDonald's book explores how a web of evangelical far-right Christians have built think-tanks and foundations that play a prominent role in determining policy for the Conservative government of Canada. She shows how Biblical belief has allowed Christians to put dozens of MPs in office and to build a power base across the country, across cultures and even across religions. "What drives that growing Christian nationalist movement is its adherents' conviction that the end times foretold in the book of Revelation are at hand," writes McDonald. "Braced for an impending apocalypse, they feel impelled to ensure that Canada assumes a unique, scripturally ordained role in the final days before the Second Coming -- and little else." The Armageddon Factor shows how the religious right's influence on the Harper government has led to hugely important but little-known changes in everything from foreign policy and the makeup of the courts to funding for scientific research and social welfare programs like daycare. And the book also shows that the religious influence is here to stay, regardless of which party ends up in government. For those who thought the religious right in Canada was confined to rural areas and the west, this book is an eye-opener, outlining to what extent the corridors of power in Ottawa are now populated by true believers. For anyone who assumed that the American religious right stopped at the border, The Armageddon Factor explains how US money and evangelists have infiltrated Canadian politics. This book should be essential reading for Canadians of every religious belief or political stripe. Indeed, The Armageddon Factor should persuade every Canadian that, with the growth of such a movement, the future direction of the country is at stake.From the Hardcover edition.
The Armenian Church of Famagusta and the Complexity of Cypriot Heritage
by Michael J.K. WalshThis book explores seven centuries of change in Cyprus and the Eastern Mediterranean world through the rise and fall of Famagusta's medieval Armenian Church. An examination of the complex and its art escorts the reader from the era of the Crusades in Lusignan Cyprus, through the rise and fall of the Venetian, Ottoman and British Empires, to the political stasis of the present day. The Armenian church was a home for displaced villagers during the post-independence era, became a military storage facility post-1974 and eventually fell into abandonment once again. This study represents a pioneering history of the Armenian community in Famagusta and a probing analysis of the art and architecture it left behind. It is also a permanent record of the long-term engagement and commitment of Nanyang Technological University Singapore, the World Monuments Fund, and the Famagusta Municipality to protect this precious site, under extremely challenging circumstances.
The Armor of God
by Rose PublishingThe Armor of God - Learn to "stand firm in the faith."This Christian ebook helps to bring Apostle Paul's message to the Ephesians (6:10-18) to life. This bestselling ebook provides a historically accurate background of a Roman Centurion's armor then draws vital correlations to the spiritual armor God gives his children: the Belt of Truth, the Breastplate of Righteousness, Feet Prepared with the Gospel of Peace, The Shield of Faith, The Helmet of Salvation, and the Sword of the Spirit. Glossy, full-color ebook will help you to ""stand firm in the faith."" Learn to put on the full armor of God when facing temptations and struggles. The key to this best-selling Christian ebook is the insights brought by Paul's knowledge of a Centurion's armor. Having a correct picture in mind is important to accurately teaching and understanding this portion of Scripture. While many other illustrations of The Armor of God show armor from the Middle Ages, or other time periods, the Rose illustration presents historically accurate Roman armor. In a side-by-side fold-out format, The Armor of God ebook describes each piece of armor, its historical background, and its application to our spiritual battles today. The Apostle Paul knew how important it was for believers to understand the provision of spiritual armor that God made for them. Paul's teaching to the Church at Ephesus was born out of firsthand knowledge of Roman Centurions' armor. He saw them up close on many occasions. The Armor of God ebook provides the following information: •A detailed description of the armor of God •Historical background on how the armor was put on and its purpose •The application of the armor to our lives today, such as how the "Belt of Truth" prepares believers to be truthful •Greek or Latin terms•The passage of Ephesians 6:10-18 verse-by-verse alongside an illustration of a Roman Centurion in full armor •Background information on Paul, his missionary journey, and life in Ephesus •A chart that helps believers stand firm in spiritual warfare by contrasting the "Devil's Schemes" with God's plan and the armor or weapon to combat it, and a Scriptural reference. For example: One of the Devil's schemes is LIES. God's plan/armor is Truth. Proverbs 14:25 would be a good reminder of God's plan Armor of God ebook makes an excellent supplemental resource for these bestselling Christian authors titles: •Kay Arthur, Lord, is it Warfare? Teach Me to Stand: A Devotional Study on Spiritual Victory •Beth Moore, Armed for War, enhanced CD •Dr. Charles F. Stanley, When the Enemy Strikes: The keys to Winning Your Spiritual Battles.