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Advanced Solar-Distillation Systems: Basic Principles, Thermal Modeling, and Its Application (Green Energy and Technology)
by G. N. Tiwari Lovedeep SahotaThis book is primarily intended to serve as a textbook and reference work for graduate and professional training coursework on solar desalination of water. The book begins with an introduction to the increasing demand for potable water, various types of water pollution and its impacts on human health, and goes on to cover basics of desalination technologies. It covers all aspects of solar-energy based distillation and desalination for producing potable water resources, including radiation and heat transfer concepts, a history of solar distillation systems, and background on solar collectors. The contents include thermal modeling and parametric study of solar distillation. Energy and exergy aspects are analyzed in detail, including energy matrices of solar distillation. A special chapter on exeroeconomics introduces fundamental equations which include the general balance equation, thermodynamic balance equations, and economic balance equations. A chapter on Economic Analysis of Solar Distillation completes the coverage. The book includes solved examples and end-of-chapter exercises in the form of both problems and objective-type questions. The contents of this book are useful to students, researchers, professionals, and policymakers looking for a comprehensive resource on solar desalination.
Advanced Solid Mechanics: Simplified Theory
by Farzad Hejazi Tan Kar ChunThe main aim of this book is to demonstrate the fundamental theory of advanced solid mechanics through simplified derivations with details illustrations to deliver the principal concepts. It covers all conceptual principals on two- and three-dimensional stresses, strains, stress-strain relations, theory of elasticity and theory of plasticity in any type of solid materials including anisotropic, orthotropic, homogenous and isotropic. Detailed explanation and clear diagrams and drawings are accompanied with the use of proper jargons and notations to present the ideas and appropriate guide the readers to explore the core of the advanced solid mechanics backed by case studies and examples. Aimed at undergraduate, senior undergraduate students in advanced solid mechanics, solid mechanics, strength of materials, civil/mechanical engineering, this bookProvides simplified explanation and detailed derivation of correlation and formula implemented in advanced solid mechanics Covers state of two and three-dimensional stresses and strains in solid materials in various conditionsDescribes principal constitutive models for various type of materials include of anisotropic, orthotropic, homogenous and isotropic materials. Includes stress-strain relation and theory of elasticity for solid materials. Explores inelastic behaviour of material, theory of plasticity and yielding criteria.
Advanced Solid State Physics
by Philip PhillipsSolid state physics continues to be the most rapidly growing subdiscipline in physics. As a result, entering graduate students wishing to pursue research in this field face the daunting task of not only mastering the old topics but also gaining competence in the problems of current interest, such as the fractional quantum Hall effect, strongly correlated electron systems, and quantum phase transitions. This book is written to serve the needs of such students. I have attempted in this book to present some of the standard topics in a way that makes it possible to move smoothly to current material. Hence, all the interesting topics are not presented at the end of the book. For example, immediately after the first 50 pages, Anderson's analysis of local magnetic moments is presented as an application of Hartree-Fock theory; this affords a discussion of the relationship with the Kondo model and how scaling ideas can be used to uncloak low-energy physics. As the key problems of current interest in solid state involve some aspects of electron-electron interactions or disorder or both, I have focused on the archetypal problems in which such physics is central. However, only those problems in which there is a consensus view are discussed extensively. In addition, I have placed the emphasis on physics rather than on techniques. Consequently, I focus on a clear presentation of the phenomenology along with a pedagogical derivation of the relevant equations. A key goal of the detailed derivations is to make it possible for the students who have read this book to immediately comprehend research papers on related topics. A key omission in this book is magnetism beyond the Stoner criterion and local magnetic moments. This omission has arisen primarily because the topic is adequately treated in the book by Assa Auerbach.
Advanced Solid State Physics
by Philip PhillipsProviding an up-to-date and lucid presentation of phenomena across modern advanced-level solid state physics, this new edition builds on an elementary understanding to introduce students to the key research topics with the minimum of mathematics. It covers cutting-edge topics, including electron transport and magnetism in solids. It is the first book to explain topological insulators and strongly correlated electrons. Explaining solid state physics in a clear and detailed way, it also has over 50 exercises for students to test their knowledge. In addition to the extensive discussion of magnetic impurity problems, bosonization, quantum phase transitions, and disordered systems from the first edition, the new edition includes such topics as topological insulators, high-temperature superconductivity and Mott insulators, renormalization group for Fermi liquids, spontaneous symmetry breaking, zero and finite-temperature Green functions, and the Kubo formalism. Figures from the book and solutions to student exercises are available online at www. cambridge. org/solidstate.
Advanced Solutions in Power Systems: HVDC, FACTS, and Artificial Intelligence
by Abdel-Aty Edris Chen-Ching Liu Mircea EremiaProvides insight on both classical means and new trends in the application of power electronic and artificial intelligence techniques in power system operation and control This book presents advanced solutions for power system controllability improvement, transmission capability enhancement and operation planning. The book is organized into three parts. The first part describes the CSC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC technologies, the second part presents the FACTS devices, and the third part refers to the artificial intelligence techniques. All technologies and tools approached in this book are essential for power system development to comply with the smart grid requirements. Discusses detailed operating principles and diagrams, theory of modeling, control strategies and physical installations around the world of HVDC and FACTS systems Covers a wide range of Artificial Intelligence techniques that are successfully applied for many power system problems, from planning and monitoring to operation and control Each chapter is carefully edited, with drawings and illustrations that helps the reader to easily understand the principles of operation or application Advanced Solutions in Power Systems: HVDC, FACTS, and Artificial Intelligence is written for graduate students, researchers in transmission and distribution networks, and power system operation. This book also serves as a reference for professional software developers and practicing engineers.
Advanced Statistical Methods for Astrophysical Probes of Cosmology (Springer Theses)
by Marisa Cristina MarchThis thesis explores advanced Bayesian statistical methods for extracting key information for cosmological model selection, parameter inference and forecasting from astrophysical observations. Bayesian model selection provides a measure of how good models in a set are relative to each other - but what if the best model is missing and not included in the set? Bayesian Doubt is an approach which addresses this problem and seeks to deliver an absolute rather than a relative measure of how good a model is. Supernovae type Ia were the first astrophysical observations to indicate the late time acceleration of the Universe - this work presents a detailed Bayesian Hierarchical Model to infer the cosmological parameters (in particular dark energy) from observations of these supernovae type Ia.
Advanced Statistical Methods in Process Monitoring, Finance, and Environmental Science: Essays in Honour of Wolfgang Schmid
by Sven Knoth Yarema Okhrin Philipp OttoThis book presents a unique collection of contributions on modern methods and applications in three key areas of statistics, celebrating the significant work of Wolfgang Schmid in this field. It is structured thematically into parts focusing on statistical process monitoring, financial statistics, and spatial statistics with environmetrics, each featuring chapters from leading experts. The opening articles on statistical process monitoring present novel methodologies for the detection of anomalies and control charting techniques, which are crucial for maintaining quality in manufacturing processes. Detailed discussions are included on integrating multivariate statistical methods and real-time monitoring to enhance process reliability and efficiency. The part on financial statistics explores rigorous approaches in financial econometrics, with an emphasis on dynamic modelling of market volatility and risk assessment. Contributions cover advanced asset allocation strategies, leveraging high-dimensional data analysis, and the application of machine learning techniques. Spatial statistics and environmetrics are addressed through innovative research on the statistical analysis of environmental data. This includes the use of geostatistical models and hybrid models that combine traditional statistical techniques with machine learning to improve the prediction of environmental phenomena. Key topics here involve the modelling of extremes and airborne pollutants, the prediction of earthquakes using a smartphone-based sensor network, and reviews of selected topics essential in modern spatial statistics. Each part not only reflects Wolfgang Schmid’s interests and impact in these areas but also provides detailed theoretical and applied studies, demonstrating how these sophisticated statistical methods can be effectively employed in practical scenarios. This makes the book an indispensable resource for researchers and practitioners looking to apply cutting-edge statistical techniques in these complex fields.
Advanced Strategies for Biodegradation of Plastic Polymers
by Ravindra Soni Prasenjit Debbarma Deep Chandra Suyal Reeta GoelSynthetic plastic offers a wide range of utilities because of its physico-chemical properties, thus the demand for its commercial availability and generation of waste is inevitable. Although the scientists have proved over the years that plastics can be efficiently biodegraded by different potential microorganisms, this sustainable green technology is still in the cocoon phase and overlooked by the industry and government as well. Therefore, this book will showcase the cutting-edge microbial tools to mitigate the plastic waste sustainably in consideration of latest technologies and recent strategic advancements besides discussing the global plastic production and their impacts on environment. It will also provide the present status and future perspectives of the environmental clean-up technologies. Moreover, it is an effort to ascertain the potential areas for large-scale biodegradation or pilot scale or start-up ventures in the field of plastic remediation strategy.
Advanced Strength And Applied Stress Analysis
by Richard G. BudynasThis book provides a broad and comprehensive coverage of the theoretical, experimental, and numerical techniques employed in the field of stress analysis. Designed to provide a clear transition from the topics of elementary to advanced mechanics of materials. Its broad range of coverage allows instructors to easily select many different topics for use in one or more courses. The highly readable writing style and mathematical clarity of the first edition are continued in this edition. Major revisions in this edition include: an expanded coverage of three-dimensional stress/strain transformations; additional topics from the theory of elasticity; examples and problems which test the mastery of the prerequisite elementary topics; clarified and additional topics from advanced mechanics of materials; new sections on fracture mechanics and structural stability; a completely rewritten chapter on the finite element method; a new chapter on finite element modeling techniques employed in practice when using commercial FEM software; and a significant increase in the number of end of chapter exercise problems some of which are oriented towards computer applications.
Advanced Structural Chemistry: Tailoring Properties of Inorganic Materials and their Applications
by CaoDiscover the relationships between inorganic chemical synthesis, structure, and property with these comprehensive and insightful volumes Advanced Structural Chemistry: Tailoring Properties of Inorganic Materials and their Applications (3 Volume Set) offers readers the opportunity to discover the relationship between the structure and function of matter, develop efficient and precise synthesis methodology, and to understand the theoretical tools for new functional substances. Advanced Structural Chemistry clarifies the relationships between synthesis and structure, as well as structure and property, both of which are central to the creation of new materials with unique functions. In addition to subjects like the syntheses of metal-oxide clusters, metal-organic cages, and metal-organic frameworks with tailored optical, electric, ferroelectric, magnetic, adsorption, separation, and catalytic properties, the accomplished editor Rong Cao provides readers with information on a wide variety of topics, such as: Coordination-assembled metal-organic macrocycles and cages, including metallacycles and metallacages The structural chemistry of metal-oxo clusters, including the oxo clusters of transitionmetal, main group metal, and lanthanides Synthetic approaches, structural diversities, and biological aspects of molybdenum-based heterometallic sulfide clusters and coordination polymers Group 11-15 metal chalcogenides, including discrete chalcogenide clusters synthesized in ionic liquids The structures of metal-organic frameworks, including one-, two-, and three-dimensional MOFs Perfect for inorganic chemists, structural chemists, solid state chemists, material scientists, and solid state physicists, Advanced Structural Chemistry also belongs on the bookshelves of catalytic and industrial chemists who seek to improve their understanding of the structure and functions of inorganic materials.
Advanced Structural Safety Studies: With Extreme Conditions and Accidents (Topics in Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality #37)
by Jeom Kee PaikThis book describes principles, industry practices and evolutionary methodologies for advanced safety studies, which are helpful in effectively managing volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environments within the framework of quantitative risk assessment and management and associated with the safety and resilience of structures and infrastructures with tolerance against various types of extreme conditions and accidents such as fires, explosions, collisions and grounding. It presents advanced computational models for characterizing structural actions and their effects in extreme and accidental conditions, which are highly nonlinear and non-Gaussian in association with multiple physical processes, multiple scales, and multiple criteria. Probabilistic scenario selection practices and applications are presented. Engineering practices for structural crashworthiness analysis in extreme conditions and accidents are described. Multidisciplinary approaches involving advanced computational models and large-scale physical model testing are emphasized. The book will be useful to students at a post-graduate level as well as researchers and practicing engineers.
Advanced Structural Wind Engineering
by Yukio Tamura Ahsan KareemThis book serves as a textbook for advanced courses as it introduces state-of-the-art information and the latest research results on diverse problems in the structural wind engineering field. The topics include wind climates, design wind speed estimation, bluff body aerodynamics and applications, wind-induced building responses, wind, gust factor approach, wind loads on components and cladding, debris impacts, wind loading codes and standards, computational tools and computational fluid dynamics techniques, habitability to building vibrations, damping in buildings, and suppression of wind-induced vibrations. Graduate students and expert engineers will find the book especially interesting and relevant to their research and work.
Advanced Studies in Efficient Environmental Design and City Planning (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)
by Ferdinando Trapani Nabil Mohareb Federica Rosso Denia Kolokotsa Sreetheran Maruthaveeran Mahmoud GhoneemThis book explains how learning from past mistakes in urban design can help to enhance sustainable cities and how the principles of Green Urbanism can yield more resilient urban settlements. Environmental design is a fundamental principle in shaping cities. However, environmental challenges like increased resource consumption, water degradation and waste-related issues are among the greatest problems now facing humanity – which is why these issues need to be considered with regard to “smart cities,” either for the development of new urban centers or for the transformation of existing cities. The book not only discusses the importance of integrating sustainability principles in the urban design process, but also demonstrates their application to the development of sustainable cities. As such, the book offers essential information and a source of inspiration for all those who want to build more sustainable cities.
Advanced Studies in Energy Efficiency and Built Environment for Developing Countries: Proceedings of IEREK Conferences: Improving Sustainability Concept in Developing Countries (ISCDC-2), Egypt 2017 and Alternative and Renewable Energy Quest in Architecture and Urbanism (AREQ-2), Spain 2017 (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)
by Chaham Alalouch Hassan Abdalla Emmanuel Bozonnet George Elvin Oscar CarracedoThis edited volume consists of three parts. It is a culmination of selected research papers presented at the second version of the international conference on Improving Sustainability Concept in Developing Countries (ISCDC) and the second version of the international conference on Alternative and Renewable Energy Quest in Architecture and Urbanism (AREQ), organized by IEREK in Egypt, 2017. It discusses major environmental issues and challenges which threaten our future. These include climate change impact, environmental deterioration, increasing demand for energy and new approaches for alternative renewable energy sources which became a necessity for survival. In addition to addressing the different environmental issues witnessed today, research presented in this book stressed on the need of sustainably shaping buildings and cities using renewable energy sources. Topics included in this book are (1) Resilience in the Built Environment, (2) Design for energy-efficient architecture and (3) Alternative and Renewable Energy Resources Quest in Architecture and Urbanism. The book is of interest to researchers and academicians who continuously aim to update their knowledge in these fields, as well as decision makers needing the enough knowledge to carry out the right decisions towards the benefit of the environment and society.
Advanced Studies in the Mathematical Theory of Scattering, Volume 3 (ISTE Invoiced)
by Jean-Michel L. BernardThis book presents a collection of independent mathematical studies, describing the analytical reduction of complex generic problems in the theory of scattering and propagation of electromagnetic waves in the presence of imperfectly conducting objects. Their subjects include: a global method for scattering by a multimode plane; diffraction by an impedance curved wedge; scattering by impedance polygons; advanced properties of spectral functions in frequency and time domains; bianisotropic media and related coupling expressions; and exact and asymptotic reductions of surface radiation integrals. The methods developed here can be qualified as analytical when they lead to exact explicit expressions, or semi-analytical when they drastically reduce the mathematical complexity of studied problems. Therefore, they can be used in mathematical physics and engineering to analyse and model, but also in applied mathematics to calculate the scattered fields in electromagnetism for a low computational cost.
Advanced Studies on Environmental Sustainability: Proceeding of International Conference on Environment and Sustainability 2023 (Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences)
by Ahmed J. Obaid Emad Abdulrahman Al-Heety Neyara Radwan Zdzislaw PolkowskiThis proceedings book of ICES 2023 presents the most recent studies on environmental sciences and environmental sustainability, which contributes to the resolution of environmental issues (air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution, thermal pollution, radioactive pollution, light pollution, and global warming). The discharge of environmental pollutants from industrial, commercial, residential, and sensible locations must be handled with care, since it may harm the air, water, and land if not adequately treated. As a result of the enormous volume of wastewater and environmental pollution generated daily, the majority of designs and developments of wastewater technologies and environmental treatment were unable to handle the load. This is a threat to sustainable growth, and it must be resolved in a precise, dependable, urgent, and timely manner. Sustainable creative and technical transfer approaches that can be utilized for supporting, operationalizing, and providing sustainable wastewater and environmental treatment solutions are of interest to us. The authors hope that the book covers the possible spectrum of wastewater technologies and environmental treatment up to a high level of environmental protection, clean and green management lessons, identify the barriers to transformational change, and then inform the agenda and initiatives for sustainable development. ICES 2023 is devoted to wastewater technology and environmental treatment, with an emphasis on environmental protection at the highest level. ICES 2023 aims to disseminate current knowledge and sustainable development, share experience and lessons gained, and generate conversation and reflection in order to promote a paradigm shift that is sustainable. With the distribution of sustainable wastewater technology and environmental treatment, the ultimate goal is to bring revolutionary change to sustainable development.
Advanced Surface Enhancement: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Advanced Surface Enhancement (INCASE 2019)—Research Towards Industrialisation (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Sho Itoh Shashwat ShuklaThis book presents the proceedings of the first INCASE conference, organised by ARTC at A*STAR, Singapore. It provides a comprehensive review of recent advances in surface enhancement processes and strategies employed to assess their impact on materials properties and performance. As cyber-physical systems are becoming more and more relevant in manufacturing, it focuses on assessing the readiness of current technologies for future transformations, such as Industry 4.0, identifying the opportunities and challenges, and exploring ways to address them. Written by researchers, practising engineering and industry experts, the book bridges the gap between research and manufacturing, promoting technology adoption in industry and innovative ideas to prepare it for the future.
Advanced Synthesis and Medical Applications of Calcium Phosphates (Emerging Materials and Technologies)
by S. S. Nanda Jitendra Pal Singh Sanjeev Gautam Dong Kee YiCalcium phosphate materials are used in many medical and dental applications. Advanced Synthesis and Medical Applications of Calcium Phosphates covers the structure, chemistry, synthesis, and properties of both natural and synthetic calcium-based biomaterials and details a variety of medical applications. Depicts the latest advances in using calcium phosphates in bone regeneration and tissue engineering Includes the latest generation of regenerative biomaterials with an integrated perspective combining both research and clinical issues Provides an understanding of the clinical targets and requirements for regenerative medicine Detailing fundamentals through applications, this book helps biomaterials researchers to better understand the clinical targets and requirements for use of these materials for optimal synthesis and development.
Advanced Systems for Biomedical Applications (Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation #39)
by Olfa Kanoun Nabil DerbelThe book highlights recent developments in the field of biomedical systems covering a wide range of technological aspects, methods, systems and instrumentation techniques for diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, and assistance. Biomedical systems are becoming increasingly important in medicine and in special areas of application such as supporting people with disabilities and under pandemic conditions. They provide a solid basis for supporting people and improving their health care. As such, the book offers a key reference guide about novel medical systems for students, engineers, designers, and technicians.
Advanced Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy Systems: Delay and Saturation (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #8)
by Abdellah Benzaouia Ahmed El HajjajiThis monograph puts the reader in touch with a decade's worth of new developments in the field of fuzzy control specifically those of the popular Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) type. New techniques for stabilizing control analysis and design based on multiple Lyapunov functions and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), are proposed. All the results are illustrated with numerical examples and figures and a rich bibliography is provided for further investigation. Control saturations are taken into account within the fuzzy model. The concept of positive invariance is used to obtain sufficient asymptotic stability conditions for the fuzzy system with constrained control inside a subset of the state space. The authors also consider the non-negativity of the states. This is of practical importance in many chemical, physical and biological processes that involve quantities that have intrinsically constant and non-negative sign: concentration of substances, level of liquids, etc. Results for linear systems are then extended to linear systems with delay. It is shown that LMI techniques can usually handle the new constraint of non-negativity of the states when care is taken to use an adequate Lyapunov function. From these foundations, the following further problems are also treated: · asymptotic stabilization of uncertain T-S fuzzy systems with time-varying delay, focusing on delay-dependent stabilization synthesis based on parallel distributed controller (PDC); · asymptotic stabilization of uncertain T-S fuzzy systems with multiple delays, focusing on delay-dependent stabilization synthesis based on PDC with results obtained under linear programming; · design of delay-independent, observer-based, H-infinity control for T-S fuzzy systems with time varying delay; and · asymptotic stabilization of 2-D T-S fuzzy systems. Advanced Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy Systems provides researchers and graduate students interested in fuzzy control systems with further approaches based LMI and LP.
Advanced Targeted Nanomedicine: A Communication Engineering Solution (Nanomedicine And Nanotoxicology)
by Uche Chude-Okonkwo Reza Malekian B. T. MaharajThis book presents medical challenges as communication engineering problems. It offers the reader the interesting perspective of exploring and understanding disease pathology from the point of view of communication engineers. Therefore, diseases and their treatments can be addressed using conventional communication paradigms, approaches, tools and devices; thereby ushering in the interdisciplinary research platform termed advanced targeted nanomedicine. The rudimentary framework for advanced targeted nanomedicine is presented and expatiated across the seven chapters of this book.
Advanced Targeting of the Lymphatic System
by Jayvadan K. Patel Yashwant V. Pathak Namdev DhasThis book goes in depth about the lymphatic system and the functions of the lymphatic organs, lymphatic tissues, and lymphatic vessels. The book addresses various types of diseases in which the lymphatic system can act as a targeting site for drug absorption and suggests strategies to treat these different infections of the lymphatic system. This book is intended for academicians who work in fields related to the lymphatic system, novel drug delivery systems, pharmaceutical science, novel-material sciences, as well as professionals in the medical, nursing, or other health care industries.
Advanced Technical Textile Products (Textile Progress)
by T. MatsuoVolume 40.3 of the journal Textiles Progress, this book describes advanced technical textiles products according to the application fields of the fiber materials. Although it does not cover all of the end-uses, the book contains major parts of advanced technical textile products, including products for resources and environmental issues, automobiles, medical and protective uses, information technologies, civil engineering, and electronics textiles.
Advanced Technologies for Managing Insect Pests
by Isaac Ishaaya A. Rami Horowitz Subba Reddy PalliAmong the highlights of this book is the use of novel insecticides acting on a specific site in an insect group and are compatible with natural enemies and the environment. One of such approaches is based on disrupting the activity of biochemical sites acting on transcription factors such as the Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) family, anti juvenile hormone (AJH) agents that target JH biosynthetic enzymes, G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) and bursicon as a target for insect control. Another one is the biotechnology or the genetic approach such as gene silencing (RNA interference) and Bt-crops. Other sections of the book are devoted to the plant's natural products, optical manipulation and the use of nanotechnology for improving insect control methods.
Advanced Technologies for Protein Complex Production and Characterization (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #896)
by M. Cristina VegaThis book presents advanced expression technologies for the production of protein complexes. Since complexes lie at the heart of modern biology, the expression, purification, and characterization of large amounts of high-quality protein complexes is crucial for the fields of biomedicine, biotechnology, and structural biology. From co-expression in E. coli, yeast, mammalian and insect cells to complex reconstitution from individual subunits, this book offers useful insights and guidance for successful protein expressionists. Across several sections readers will discover existing opportunities for the production of protein complexes in bacterial systems (including membrane proteins and cell-free co-expression), methylotrophic and non-methylotrophic yeasts, protozoa (Leishmania terantolae and Dictyostelium discoideum), baculovirus-infected insect cells, mammalian cells, plants and algae. Complex reconstitution from individually purified subunits or subcomplexes is discussed as a complementary strategy. A last section introduces briefly some of the biophysical and structural characterization techniques for macromolecular complexes using state-of-the-art solution scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance. This work is a guided tour over some of the most powerful and successful protein expression technologies, with a focus on co-expression and high-throughput applications. It is addressed to everyone interested in the production and characterization of macromolecular complexes, from university students who want an accessible description of the major co-expression systems to researchers in biomedicine and the life sciences seeking for an up-to-date survey of available technologies.