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Common Spiders of North America
by Richard A. Bradley Steve BuchananSpiders are among the most diverse groups of terrestrial invertebrates, yet they are among the least studied and poorly understood groups. This beautifully illustrated volume is the first comprehensive guide to all 68 families of spiders in North America and illustrates 469 of the most commonly encountered species. Species descriptions include identification tips, typical habitat, geographic distribution, and behavioral notes. A concise illustrated introduction to spider biology and anatomy provides the key for understanding spider relationships. This book is a critical resource for curious naturalists who want to understand this ubiquitous and ecologically critical component of our biosphere.
Commonly Asked Questions in Physics
by Andrew RexIn the 300 years since Newton's seminal work, physics has explained many things that used to be mysterious. Particularly in the last century, physics has addressed a range of questions, from the smallest fundamental particles to the large-scale structure and history of the entire universe. But there are always more questions.Suitable for a wide aud
Commonly Asked Questions in Thermodynamics
by Marc J. Assael Geoffrey C. Maitland Thomas Maskow Urs von Stockar William A. Wakeham Stefan WillCRC Press is pleased to introduce the new edition of Commonly Asked Questions in Thermodynamics, an indispensable resource for those in modern science and engineering disciplines from molecular science, engineering and biotechnology to astrophysics. Fully updated throughout, this edition features two new chapters focused on energy utilization and biological systems. This edition begins by setting out the fundamentals of thermodynamics, including its basic laws and overarching principles. It provides explanations of those principles in an organized manner, using questions that arise frequently from undergraduates in the classroom as the stimulus. These early chapters explore the language of thermodynamics; the first and second laws; statistical mechanical theory; measurement of thermodynamic quantities and their relationships; phase behavior in single and multicomponent systems; electrochemistry; and chemical and biochemical reaction equilibria. The later chapters explore applications of these fundamentals to a diverse set of subjects including power generation (with and without fossil fuels) for transport, industrial and domestic use; heating; decarbonization technologies; energy storage; refrigeration; environmental pollution; and biotechnology. Data sources for the properties needed to complete thermodynamic evaluations of many processes are included. The text is designed for readers to dip into to find an answer to a specific question where thermodynamics can provide some, if not all, of the answers, whether in the context of an undergraduate course or not. Thus its readership extends beyond conventional technical undergraduates to practicing engineers and also to the interested lay person who seeks to understand the discourse that surrounds the choice of particular technological solutions to current and future energy and material production problems.
Commonsense Darwinism: Evolution, Morality, And The Human Condition
by John LemosWritten in a simple, accessible style, Commonsense Darwinism offers a clear, critical examination of the subject. Assuming that the diversity of life, including human beings, is the result of evolution from common origins and that its driving force is natural selection, the book explores what this might mean for issues in ethics, philosophy of religion, epistemology, and metaphysics. The author’s defense of free will makes this an especially stimulating read.
Commonsense in Nuclear Energy (Routledge Revivals)
by Fred Hoyle Geoffrey HoyleOriginally published in 1979, written at a time when the world stood on the brink of (another) energy crisis, this book argued that an alternative primary fuel had to be found and that the answer lay in the exploitation of nuclear fission. The book sought to dispel the anxieties of environmentalists by correcting what the authors felt were basic misconceptions about nuclear energy. The book distinguishes carefully between nuclear energy and nuclear explosions, as the authors believed that it was the confusion between these two very different things which lies at the root of most opposition to nuclear energy. The Relevant facts concerning nuclear energy are presented in a straightforward way and the case made that nuclear energy can be clean and safe. The book includes a discussion of the storage of nuclear waste and the safety record of the nuclear industry.
A Commotion in the Blood: Life, Death, and the Immune System (The Sloan Technology Series)
by Stephen S. HallIn this layman's history of immunology, Stephen S. Hall traces the story of how doctors have learned to harness the immune system and its "commotions" in the blood to develop new approaches to the treatment of cancer. He portrays the doctors and research scientists of note, starting with William Coley in the late 1890s, who have contributed to modern understanding of immunology while uncovering the roles of interferon, interleukins, T cells, B cells, necrosis factors, and more. He brings to life the sometimes contentious personalities and organizations involved in the race to find a miracle cure for cancer, and explores the experimental trials of a wide array of cutting-edge therapies through 1997, the date of publication.
Communicable Diseases: A Global Perspective, 5th Edition
by Roger WebberCompletely updated and revised, and now published in its fifth edition with an integrated eBook, this prestigious and best-selling text has continued to provide an essential overview of the subject for over 20 years. A comprehensive yet synoptic account of diseases and their modes of transmission, the book covers epidemiology, control strategies, notifications and regulations, as well as an overview of the major diseases established, new and emerging. Communicable Diseases continues to provide an essential resource for all those in public health and medical science, and for healthcare workers needing a comprehensive yet concise practical text.
Communicable Diseases of the Developing World (Topics In Medicinal Chemistry Ser. #29)
by Anil Kumar SaxenaThis book reviews the current strategies and challenges for the treatment of bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral infectious diseases in developing countries. Contributing authors present expert analysis on the transmission, epidemiology, bacteriology, pathogenesis and treatment of Neglected Tropical Bacterial Diseases such as Leprosy, Buruli ulcer, and Trachoma. Particular attention is also given to current antifungal agents, their spectrum of activity, mode of action, limitations, and current challenges in antifungal therapy. The authors explore the medicinal chemistry efforts that gave rise to currently launched drugs and new anti-HIV agents, and they also highlight the latest vaccine and drug developments in the clinical management of the Ebola Virus Disease, ignited by the 2014-2016 outbreak. This work has an interdisciplinary appeal and will engage scholars and professionals in the burden of communicable diseases.
Communicating Chemistry: A Practical Evidence-Based Guide
by National Academies of Sciences Engineering MedicineA growing body of evidence indicates that, increasingly, the public is engaging with science in a wide range of informal environments, which can be any setting outside of school such as community-based programs, festivals, libraries, or home. Yet undergraduate and graduate schools often don’t prepare scientists for public communication. This practical guide is intended for any chemist – that is, any professional who works in chemistry-related activities, whether research, manufacturing or policy – who wishes to improve their informal communications with the public. At the heart of this guide is a framework, which was presented in the report Effective Chemistry Communication in Informal Environments and is based on the best available empirical evidence from the research literature on informal learning, science communication, and chemistry education. The framework consists of five elements which can be applied broadly to any science communication event in an informal setting.
Communicating Climate Change: A Guide for Educators (Cornell Series in Environmental Education)
by Anne K. Armstrong Marianne E. Krasny Jonathon P. SchuldtEnvironmental educators face a formidable challenge when they approach climate change due to the complexity of the science and of the political and cultural contexts in which people live. There is a clear consensus among climate scientists that climate change is already occurring as a result of human activities, but high levels of climate change awareness and growing levels of concern have not translated into meaningful action. Communicating Climate Change provides environmental educators with an understanding of how their audiences engage with climate change information as well as with concrete, empirically tested communication tools they can use to enhance their climate change program.Starting with the basics of climate science and climate change public opinion, Armstrong, Krasny, and Schuldt synthesize research from environmental psychology and climate change communication, weaving in examples of environmental education applications throughout this practical book. Each chapter covers a separate topic, from how environmental psychology explains the complex ways in which people interact with climate change information to communication strategies with a focus on framing, metaphors, and messengers. This broad set of topics will aid educators in formulating program language for their classrooms at all levels. Communicating Climate Change uses fictional vignettes of climate change education programs and true stories from climate change educators working in the field to illustrate the possibilities of applying research to practice. Armstrong et al, ably demonstrate that environmental education is an important player in fostering positive climate change dialogue and subsequent climate change action.Thanks to generous funding from Cornell University, the ebook editions of this book are available as Open Access from Cornell Open (cornellopen.org) and other Open Access repositories.
Communicating Climate Change in China: A Dynamic Discourse Approach
by Sidan WangThis book explores how China's media narrate climate policy and climate change. With the rapid growth of economy and carbon emissions, China has been seen as having a key role in addressingclimate change and receives substantial attention from the media. In theChinese coverage, climate change issues can be interpreted as various concernsand ideas involving the dimensions of the economy, energy and emissions, publicinvolvement, science and ecology, and responsibility. In this sense, a discourseapproach can be used to understand how the newspapers construct the climatechange discourse and discourse networks in the coverage. This study selectsthree different newspapers in China, namely People’sDaily, China Daily and Southern Weekend. This book will interest scholars of Chinese politics, environmentalists, and media studies scholars.
Communicating Climate Change Information for Decision-Making (Springer Climate)
by Liese Coulter Anne Coudrain Silvia Serrao-NeumannThis book provides important insight on a range of issues focused on three themes; what new climate change information is being developed, how that knowledge is communicated and how it can be usefully applied across international, regional and local scales. There is increasing international investment and interest to develop and communicate updated climate change information to promote effective action. As change accelerates and planetary boundaries are crossed this information becomes particularly relevant to guide decisions and support both proactive adaptation and mitigation strategies. Developing new information addresses innovations in producing interdisciplinary climate change knowledge and overcoming issues of data quality, access and availability. This book examines effective information systems to guide decision-making for immediate and future action. Cases studies in developed and developing countries illustrate how climate change information promotes immediate and future actions across a range of sectors.
Communicating Endangered Species: Extinction, News and Public Policy (Routledge Studies in Environmental Communication and Media)
by Eric Freedman; Sara Shipley Hiles; David B. SachsmanCommunicating Endangered Species: Extinction, News, and Public Policy is a multidisciplinary environmental communication book that takes a distinctive approach by connecting how media and culture depict and explain endangered species with how policymakers and natural resource managers can or do respond to these challenges in practical terms. Extinction isn’t new. However, the pace of extinction is accelerating globally. The International Union for Conservation of Nature classifies more than 26,000 species as threatened. The causes are many, including climate change, overdevelopment, human exploitation, disease, overhunting, habitat destruction, and predators. The willingness and the ability of ordinary people, governments, scientists, nongovernmental organizations, and businesses to slow this deeply disturbing acceleration are uncertain. Meanwhile, researchers around the world are laboring to better understand and communicate the possibility and implications of extinctions and to discover effective tools and public policies to combat the threats to species survival. This book presents a history of news coverage of endangered species around the world, examining how and why journalists and other communicators wrote what they did, how attitudes have changed, and why they have changed. It draws on the latest research by chapter authors who are a mix of social scientists, communication experts, and natural scientists. Each chapter includes a mass media and/or cultural aspect. This book will be essential reading for students, natural resource managers, government officials, environmental activists, and academics interested in conservation and biodiversity, environmental communication and journalism, and public policy.
Communicating Family and Consumer Sciences: A Guidebook for Professionals
by Elizabeth J. Hitch June Pierce YouattCollege textbook designed for professionals who will be communicating with students or clients in both formal classroom and less formal settings . For use by students and professionals in community and human services.
Communicating Genetics: Visualizations and Representations
by Han YuThis book examines the visual representations used in the popular communication of genetics. Drawing upon public science communication theories, information design theories, and social semiotics, the book offers both in-depth analyses and high-level synthesis of how genetics is visualized for the U. S. public from the early 20th century to the present. Individual chapters focus on six visual genres: photographs, micrographs, illustrations, genetic code images, quantitative graphs, and molecular structure images. Han Yu challenges readers to consider the significance of these images we often take for granted, including their historical contexts, scientific backstories, information richness, stylistic choices, economic motivations, and social implications. In doing so, the book reveals the complex cognitive, affective, and social-cultural factors that both shape and are shaped by these images. The book will be particularly useful to scholars of public science communication and visual communication, practitioners of science communication, and scientists from a range of related life science disciplines.
Communicating Ice through Popular Art and Aesthetics (Palgrave Studies in Media and Environmental Communication)
by Anne Hemkendreis Anna-Sophie JürgensThis book brings together the perspectives of eminent and emerging scholars from fields as varied as science communication, art history, pop cultural studies, environmental studies, sciences studying ice and artists to explore the power of (popular) arts and aesthetics to communicate ice research and the urgency of environmental action. Examining the aesthetic strategies employed in images, (popular) visual fiction and narratives to convey meaning and awareness – and how they can be made fruitful for science communication – the project will generate new perspectives on how our collective environmental responsibility can be addressed and communicated across disciplines and divers audiences. In doing so, the volume will illuminate the cultural power of ice research and contribute to a better understanding of the cultural work that emerges from our ecological crisis.
Communicating Popular Science
by Sarah PerraultTechnoscientific developments often have far-reaching consequences, both negative and positive, for the public. Yet, because science has the authority to decide which judgments about scientific issues are sound, public concerns are often dismissed because they are not part of the technoscientific paradigm they question. This book addresses the role of science popularization in that paradox; it explains how science writing works and argues that it can do better at promoting public discussions about science-related issues. To support these arguments, it situates science popularization in its historical and cultural context; provides a conceptual framework for analyzing popular science texts; and examines the rhetorical effects of common strategies used in popular science writing. Twenty-six years after Dorothy Nelkin's groundbreaking book, Selling Science: How the Press Covers Science and Technology, popular science writing is still not meeting its potential as a public interest genre; Communicating Popular Science explores how it can move closer to doing so.
Communicating Science
by Nicholas RussellIn recent years governments and scientific establishments have been encouraging the development of professional and popular science communication. This book critically examines the origin of this drive to improve communication, and discusses why simply improving scientists' communication skills and understanding of their audiences may not be enough. Written in an engaging style, and avoiding specialist jargon, this book provides an insight into science's place in society by looking at science communication in three contexts: the professional patterns of communication among scientists, popular communication to the public, and science in literature and drama. This three-part framework shows how historical and cultural factors operate in today's complex communication landscape, and should be actively considered when designing and evaluating science communication. Ideal for students and practitioners in science, engineering and medicine, this book provides a better understanding of the culture, sociology and mechanics of professional and popular communication.
Communicating Science and Technology in Society: Issues of Public Accountability and Engagement
by Ana Delicado Fabienne Crettaz Von Roten Katarina PrpićThis volume addresses the engagement between science and society from multiple viewpoints. At a time when trust in experts is being questioned, misinformation is rife and scientific and technological development show growing social impact, the volume examines the challenges in involving the public in scientific debates and decisions. It takes into account societal needs and concerns in research, and analyses the interface between the roles of institutions and individuals. From environmental challenges to science communication, participatory technological design to animal experimentation, and transdisciplinarity to norms and values in science, the volume brings together research on areas in which scientists and citizens interact, across diverse, often understudied, socio-cultural contexts in Europe. It encompasses the natural sciences, engineering and the social sciences, and the chapters follow diverse theoretical frameworks and methodologies, including both quantitative and qualitative approaches. This volume contributes not just to scholarly knowledge on the topic of science and society relations, but also provides useful information for students, policy makers, journalists, and STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) researchers keen on engaging with their publics and conducting responsible research and innovation.
Communicating Science Clearly: A Self-Help Guide For Students and Researchers
by Sharon Ann HolgateThis unique self-help guide equips undergraduates, postgraduate students, and early career researchers within the sciences with transferrable communication skills that they can adapt and refer back to as they progress through their careers. It provides practical guidance on how to best communicate science in a range of different settings. This book facilitates clear and concise communication in both academic scenarios and the workplace. It covers settings ranging from job interviews, through conference presentations, to explaining your research to the general public. It is illustrated with first-hand experiences, top tips, and "dos and don’ts" to demonstrate best practices. It will also be a valuable guide for established academics who would like a refresher or a guide to new avenues of science communication, such as podcasts. Key Features: Written by an award-winning professional science journalist and broadcaster with 25 years’ experience, including writing for national newspapers, devising and presenting programmes for BBC Radio 4, and being interviewed on radio, TV, video, and podcasts Covers science communication in a broad range of settings including peer-to-peer, to your manager, at job interviews, and during media appearances Includes advice from a range of experts who communicate professionally, including a radio producer, a TV presenter, actors and entertainers, and scientists Additional video material to accompany this book can be found here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLLUWyRwmgFlW7_NrNupeuiJ86OxIWHZ6I. Sharon Ann Holgate is a freelance science writer and broadcaster. She has presented on BBC Radio 4 and the BBC World Service, and presented video podcasts for medical research charity the Myrovlytis Trust. She earned a D.Phil in physics from the University of Sussex, where she was a Visiting Fellow in Physics and Astronomy for nine years. Her articles have appeared in Science, Science Careers, New Scientist, The Times Higher Education Supplement, The Times Literary Supplement, Flipside, E&T, Focus, Physics World, Interactions, Materials World, Modern Astronomer, and Astronomy Now. She was also shortlisted for the radio programme category of the Association of British Science Writers' Awards in 2005, and for the Aventis Prizes for Science Books Junior Prize in 2003. Dr. Holgate was the recipient of the Institute of Physics 2022 William Thomson, Lord Kelvin Medal and Prize for communicating science to a wide variety of audiences and for positive representations of scientists from non-traditional backgrounds. She has also received the Institute of Physics Young Professional Physicist of the Year Award and a Merit Award in the Daily Telegraph Young Science Writer of the Year competition. She is the author of the undergraduate textbook Understanding Solid State Physics, which is currently in its second edition and used as a core text in universities around the world.
Communicating Science to the Public: Opportunities and Challenges for the Asia-Pacific Region
by Leo Tan Wee Hin R. SubramaniamThis book explores effective approaches for communicating science to the public in developing countries. Offering multiple perspectives on this important topic, it features 17 chapters that represent the efforts of 23 authors from eight countries: Australia, Bangladesh, India, Ireland, New Zealand, USA, Singapore and South Africa. Inside, readers will find a diversity of approaches to communicate science to the public. The book also highlights some of the challenges that science communicators, science policy makers, science teachers, university academics in the sciences and even entrepreneurs may face in their attempts to boost science literacy levels in their countries. In addition, it shares several best practices from the developed world that may help readers create communication initiatives that can lead to increased engagement with science in communities in the Asia Pacific region and beyond. Given the pervasive influence of science and technology in today's society, their impact will only increase in the years to come as the world becomes more globalized and the economies of countries become more inter-linked. This book will be a useful source of reference for developing countries looking to tap into the potential of science for nation building and effectively engage their communities to better understand science and technology. Supported by the Pacific Science Association, Hawaii.
Communicating Space Exploration: Challenges, State of the Art and Future Trends (Space and Society)
by Fulvio DriganiThis book offers an enlightening analysis of the ways in which the communication of space explorations has evolved in response to political and social developments and the availability of new media and communication tools. Important challenges to effective communication are discussed, including the diversity of audiences, the risks associated with space missions, and continuing skepticism about the benefits of space research despite the many associated day-to-day applications. In addition, future trends in communication are examined with reference to likely trends in space exploration over the coming century. Besides space communication for the public, the need for targeted messaging to each group of stakeholders – decision makers, media, opinion leaders, the scientific community, and industry – is analyzed in detail. A series of case studies of particular space missions, both successful and unsuccessful, is presented to illustrate key issues. The book has significant implications for the communication of science in general and will be of interest to a wide audience, including space scientists, science communication professionals, people fascinated by exploration and discovery, stakeholders, and educators.
COMMUNICATING TOXICOGENOMICS INFORMATION TO NONEXPERTS: A Workshop Summary
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesThe National Academies Press (NAP)--publisher for the National Academies--publishes more than 200 books a year offering the most authoritative views, definitive information, and groundbreaking recommendations on a wide range of topics in science, engineering, and health. Our books are unique in that they are authored by the nation's leading experts in every scientific field.
Communicating With Data: The Art Of Writing For Data Science
by Deborah Nolan Sara StoudtCommunication is a critical yet often overlooked part of data science. Communicating with Data aims to help students and researchers write about their insights in a way that is both compelling and faithful to the data. General advice on science writing is also provided, including how to distill findings into a story and organize and revise the story, and how to write clearly, concisely, and precisely. This is an excellent resource for students who want to learn how to write about scientific findings, and for instructors who are teaching a science course in communication or a course with a writing component.
Communication: Essays On Communication, Materiality, And Society (In Search of Media)
by Paula Bialski Finn Brunton Mercedes BunzOn contemporary communication in its various human and nonhuman formsContemporary communication puts us not only in conversation with one another but also with our machinery. Machine communication—to communicate not just via but also with machines—is therefore the focus of this volume. Diving into digital communications history, Finn Brunton brings to the fore the alienness of computational communication by looking at network timekeeping, automated trolling, and early attempts at communication with extraterrestrial life. Picking up this fascination with inhuman communication, Mercedes Bunz then performs a close reading of interaction design and interfaces to show how technology addresses humans (as very young children). Finally, Paula Bialski shares her findings from a field study of software development, analyzing the communicative forms that occur when code is written by separate people. Today, communication unfolds merely between two or more conscious entities but often includes an invisible third party. Inspired by this drastic shift, this volume uncovers new meanings of what it means &“to communicate.&”