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Computer-Aided Tissue Engineering (Methods in Molecular Biology #868)
by Michael A.K. LiebschnerThe recent revolution in the biological sciences and bioengineering, along with the advancements of modern design and manufacturing, biomaterials, biology, and biomedicine, have brought about the new field of computer-aided tissue engineering. Advances in this fascinating new area of study encompass broad applications in large-scale tissue engineering fabrication, artificial organs, orthopaedic implants, and biological chips. Computer-Aided Tissue Engineering highlights the interdisciplinary nature of this topic and reviews the current state of computer-aided three-dimensional tissue modeling, tissue classification, and tissue fabrication and implantation. Particular focus is placed on rapid prototyping and direct digital fabrication for cell and organs, construction of tissue analogs, and precursors to 3D tissue scaffolds. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series, this work provides the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results. Current and practical, Computer-Aided Tissue Engineering provides a coherent framework for researchers interested in these vital technologies and for clinicians who plan to implement them.
Computer-Aided Tissue Engineering: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2147)
by Alberto Rainer Lorenzo MoroniThis volume details protocols encompassing different aspects of computer aided design and manufacturing of 3D scaffolds and biofabricated constructs for tissue engineering applications. Chapters are divided into four parts covering optimization of scaffold architectures for computer aided tissue engineering, synthetic routes to biomaterials compatible, technological platforms and manufacturing processes, and relevant applicative scenarios. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Computer-Aided Tissue Engineering: Methods and Protocols aims to be useful for new and experienced laboratory researchers working on different aspects of corneal regeneration.
Computer Algebra and Materials Physics: A Practical Guidebook to Group Theoretical Computations in Materials Science (Springer Series in Materials Science #272)
by Akihito KikuchiThis book is intended as an introductory lecture in material physics, in which the modern computational group theory and the electronic structure calculation are in collaboration.The first part explains how to use computer algebra for applications in solid-state simulation, based on the GAP computer algebra package. Computer algebra enables us to easily obtain various group theoretical properties, such as the representations, character tables, and subgroups. Furthermore it offers a new perspective on material design, which could be executed in a mathematically rigorous and systematic way.The second part then analyzes the relation between the structural symmetry and the electronic structure in C60 (as an example of a system without periodicity). The principal object of the study was to illustrate the hierarchical change in the quantum-physical properties of the molecule, which correlates to the reduction in the symmetry (as it descends down in the ladder of subgroups).The book also presents the computation of the vibrational modes of the C60 by means of the computer algebra. In order to serve the common interests of researchers, the details of the computations (the required initial data and the small programs developed for the purpose) are explained in as much detail as possible.
Computer Algebra in Quantum Field Theory: Integration, Summation and Special Functions (Texts & Monographs in Symbolic Computation)
by Carsten Schneider Johannes BlümleinThe book focuses on advanced computer algebra methods and special functions that have striking applications in the context of quantum field theory. It presents the state of the art and new methods for (infinite) multiple sums, multiple integrals, in particular Feynman integrals, difference and differential equations in the format of survey articles. The presented techniques emerge from interdisciplinary fields: mathematics, computer science and theoretical physics; the articles are written by mathematicians and physicists with the goal that both groups can learn from the other field, including most recent developments. Besides that, the collection of articles also serves as an up-to-date handbook of available algorithms/software that are commonly used or might be useful in the fields of mathematics, physics or other sciences.
Computer Algebra in Scientific Computing: 18th International Workshop, CASC 2016, Bucharest, Romania, September 19-23, 2016, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #9890)
by Wolfram Koepf Vladimir P. Gerdt Werner M. Seiler Evgenii V. VorozhtsovThe book covers various topics of computer algebra methods, algorithms and software applied to scientific computing. One of the important topics of the book is the application of computer algebra methods for the development of new efficient analytic and numerical solvers, both for ordinary and partial differential equations. A specific feature of the book is a detailed analysis of the advanced software systems like Mathematica, Maple etc. from the viewpoint of their applicability for the solution of scientific computing problems. The book will be useful for researchers and engineers who apply the advanced computer algebra methods for the solution of their tasks.
Computer Algebra in Scientific Computing: 19th International Workshop, CASC 2017, Beijing, China, September 18-22, 2017, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #10490)
by Wolfram Koepf Vladimir P. Gerdt Werner M. Seiler Evgenii V. VorozhtsovThe book covers various topics of computer algebra methods, algorithms and software applied to scientific computing. One of the important topics of the book is the application of computer algebra methods for the development of new efficient analytic and numerical solvers, both for ordinary and partial differential equations. A specific feature of the book is a detailed analysis of the advanced software systems like Mathematica, Maple etc. from the viewpoint of their applicability for the solution of scientific computing problems. The book will be useful for researchers and engineers who apply the advanced computer algebra methods for the solution of their tasks.
Computer Analysis of Sequence Data, Part I (Methods in Molecular Biology #24)
by Annette M. Griffin Hugh G. GriffinThese comprehensive, up-to-date handbooks are designed for those scientists engaged in the computer analysis of sequence data who want hands-on help in using the most important commercial software available, but simply do not have the time to become computer experts. The expert authors guide you through the programs with easy-to-follow, step-by-step instructions. The topics covered include translations of sequences, sequence alignment, phylogenetic trees, analysis of RNA secondary structure, database searching, submission of data to EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ/etc., maintaining sequence projects, and using patterns to analyze protein sequences. Many chapters have been written by world-class authorities in the field, among them R. Staden, M. Gribskov, D. Higgins, W. Pearson, M. Zuker, and G. Barton. Each volume shares five essential chapters concerning the analysis of sequence data, the FASTA program, converting between sequence formats, obtaining software via INTERNET, and the submission of nucleotide sequence data. Part I covers GCG, MicroGenie, PC/GENE, and FASTA programs. Part II covers Staden and Staden Plus, DNA Strider, FASTA, and MacVector programs.
Computer Analysis of Sequence Data, Part II (Methods in Molecular Biology #25)
by Annette M. Griffin Hugh G. GriffinThese comprehensive, up-to-date handbooks are designed for those scientists engaged in the computer analysis of sequence data who want hands-on help in using the most important commercial software available, but simply do not have the time to become computer experts. The expert authors guide you through the programs with easy-to-follow, step-by-step instructions. The topics covered include translations of sequences, sequence alignment, phylogenetic trees, analysis of RNA secondary structure, database searching, submission of data to EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ/etc., maintaining sequence projects, and using patterns to analyze protein sequences. Many chapters have been written by world-class authorities in the field, among them R. Staden, M. Gribskov, D. Higgins, W. Pearson, M. Zuker, and G. Barton. Each volume shares five essential chapters concerning the analysis of sequence data, the FASTA program, converting between sequence formats, obtaining software via INTERNET, and the submission of nucleotide sequence data. Part I covers GCG, MicroGenie, PC/GENE, and FASTA programs. Part II covers Staden and Staden Plus, DNA Strider, FASTA, and MacVector programs.
Computer Applications In Agriculture
by William Otto RasmussenU.S. agriculture appears to be at a major turning point in terms of technological change and innovation as it enters the information age[1]and at the heart of the information revolution is the microcomputer. This handbook explains in practical terms how computers are being used in agriculture and analyzes some of the issues surrounding present and potential computer applications. The authors define agriculture in the broadest possible terms, including the traditional aspects of farming, the industries supporting agriculture, service bureaus related to agriculture, classroom instruction and youth development, and the rural family and community. Considered are specific ways microcomputers are changing agriculture, the exact nature of these changes, and how agriculturists are currently adapting microprocessor technology to make agriculture more efficient and viable. Also included is a discussion of the computer software and hardware used in agriculture today, hardware and software purchasing strategies for both individuals and institutions, and sources of information on computer applications in agriculture.
Computer-Based Modeling of Novel Carbon Systems and Their Properties: Beyond Nanotubes (Carbon Materials: Chemistry and Physics #3)
by Luciano Colombo Annalisa FasolinoDuring the last twenty years, the multiplicity of potential carbon structures has consistently posed a formidable challenge to theoretical and computational physicists. Several different methods are currently being used to study the structure and the properties of such systems. These methods include simulations based on empirical potentials, tight-binding calculations and density functional theory (DFT). A combination of these methods is needed to make significant progress in the carbon field. This volume provides the reader with a survey of state-of-the-art theoretical and computational contributions featuring novel carbon systems (excluding nanotubes). The chapters are authored by leading researchers who are all actively involved with different aspects of carbon structure and property elucidation. Consequently, a variety of methods are presented to the reader. The editors have successfully compiled an informative book that: * Showcases the latest results in carbon materials * Demonstrates how different theoretical methods are combined * Explains how new carbon structures are predicted Computer-Based Modeling of Novel Carbon Systems and Their Properties is aimed at advanced undergraduates, graduates, and researchers with an interest in computational nanomaterials.
Computer-Based Structure Elucidation from Spectral Data: The Art of Solving Problems (Lecture Notes in Chemistry #89)
by Antony J. Williams Mikhail E. ElyashbergHere, the authors introduce readers to solving molecular structure elucidation problems using the expert system ACD/Structure Elucidator. They explain in detail the concepts of the Computer-Assisted Structure Elucidation (CASE) approach and point out the crucial role of understanding the axiomatic nature of the data used to deduce the structure. Aspects covered include the main blocks of the expert system and essential features of the mathematical algorithms used. Graduate and PhD students as well as practicing chemists are provided with a detailed explanation of the various practical approaches depending on available spectral data peculiarities and the complexity of the unknown structure. This is supported by a large number of real-world completed examples, most of which are related to the structure elucidation of natural product molecules containing unusual skeletons. Dedicated software and further supplementary material are available at www. acdlabs. com/TeachingSE.
The Computer Book: From the Abacus to Artificial Intelligence, 250 Milestones in the History of Computer Science (Union Square & Co. Milestones)
by Simson L Garfinkel Rachel H. GrunspanPart of Sterling&’s extremely popular Milestones series, this illustrated exploration of computer science ranges from the ancient abacus to superintelligence and social media. With 250 illustrated landmark inventions, publications, and events—encompassing everything from ancient record-keeping devices to the latest computing technologies—this highly topical addition to the Sterling Milestones series takes a chronological journey through the history and future of computer science. Two expert authors, with decades&’ of experience working in computer research and innovation, explore topics including the Sumerian abacus, the first spam message, Morse code, cryptography, early computers, Isaac Asimov&’s laws of robotics, UNIX and early programming languages, movies, video games, mainframes, minis and micros, hacking, virtual reality, and more.
A Computer Called Katherine: How Katherine Johnson Helped Put America on the Moon
by Suzanne SladeThe inspiring true story of mathematician Katherine Johnson--made famous by the award-winning film Hidden Figures--who counted and computed her way to NASA and helped put a man on the moon!Katherine knew it was wrong that African Americans didn't have the same rights as others--as wrong as 5+5=12. She knew it was wrong that people thought women could only be teachers or nurses--as wrong as 10-5=3. And she proved everyone wrong by zooming ahead of her classmates, starting college at fifteen, and eventually joining NASA, where her calculations helped pioneer America's first manned flight into space, its first manned orbit of Earth, and the world's first trip to the moon!Award-winning author Suzanne Slade and debut artist Veronica Miller Jamison tell the story of a NASA "computer" in this smartly written, charmingly illustrated biography.
Computer Chemistry (CRC Press Revivals)
by Mario MarsiliComputer Chemistry illustrates the methods and philosophies of how a computer can be instructed to "understand" chemical facts, formulas and rules. It focuses on discussions of all of the major sections in both theoretical framework and practical application through examples. It includes the Synthesis Design Systems for the simulation of chemical reactions, the Structure Elucidation Systems for the interpretation of spectral data, the Molecular Modelling Systems for the visualization of chemical structures and the calculation of physico-chemical parameters.
Computer Control of Fermentation Processes
by Daniel R. OmsteadThe purpose of this volume is to describe the components, assembly, and implementation of computer-based process control systems. Presented in two sections, it illustrates how such systems have been used to monitor and control industrial fermentation processes as a means to improve our understanding of product biosynthesis. This book covers the fields of indirect parameter estimation and fermentation-specific control algorithms. It also includes chapters which describe system architecture and process application, process control, on-line liquid sampling and computer system architecture. This is an ideal source for anyone involved with biotechnology, bioengineering, microbial technology, chemical engineering, and computer control.
Computer-Controlled Systems with Delay: A Transfer Function Approach
by Efim N. Rosenwasser Bernhard P. Lampe Torsten JeinschComputer-Controlled Systems with Delay is a systematic study of the problems of analysis and synthesis for multidimensional sampled-data (SD) systems with delay. It is based on the frequency polynomial method, in which the concept of a parametric transfer matrix (PTM) plays a key role. Until now, no alternative general methods have been available to solve the above problems. The text is divided into three parts: background information from the theory of polynomial and rational matrices, helps the reader to acquire the basic understanding necessary to use the main content of the book without addressing additional sources; methods for the mathematical description of multidimensional SD systems with delay, based on the concept of the PTM; and optimization methods for multidimensional SD systems with delay, including H2 and L2 optimization as well as H2 optimization for colored input signals. The monograph is completed by three appendices. An algorithm for constructing the set of pathological sampling periods for a continuous SISO object with delay is provided first. MATLAB®-toolbox algorithms representing methods described in the book and application examples for selected optimization problems are given in the second. A solution to the problem of guaranteeing the required performance in a class of stochastic disturbances for SD systems with delay is considered in the third. Computer-Controlled Systems with Delay is intended for engineers, scientists and teachers working in modern control theory. It will also benefit post-graduate students taking courses in related disciplines. The book continues the description of the authors’ research results on developing methods for SD systems theory which are based on the PTM concept and published in the monographs Computer Controlled Systems and Multivariable Computer-controlled Systems.
Computer-Driven Instructional Design with INTUITEL
by Kevin Fuchs Peter A. HenningINTUITEL is a research project that was co-financed by the European Commission with the aim to advance state-of-the-art e-learning systems via addition of guidance and feedback for learners. Through a combination of pedagogical knowledge, measured learning progress and a broad range of environmental and background data, INTUITEL systems will provide guidance towards an optimal learning pathway. This allows INTUITEL-enabled learning management systems to offer learners automated, personalised learning support so far only provided by human tutors INTUITEL is - in the first place - a design pattern for the creation of adaptive e-learning systems. It focuses on the reusability of existing learning material and especially the annotation with semantic meta data. INTUITEL introduces a novel approach that describes learning material as well as didactic and pedagogical meta knowledge by the use of ontologies. Learning recommendations are inferred from these ontologies during runtime. This way INTUITEL solves a common problem in the field of adaptive systems: it is not restricted to a certain field. Any content from any domain can be annotated. The INTUITEL research team also developed a prototype system. Both the theoretical foundations and how to implement your own INTUITEL system are discussed in this book.
Computer Forensics: Investigating Hard Disks, File and Operating Systems:
by EC-CouncilThe text provides the knowledge and skills to identify, track, and prosecute the cyber-criminal. The series is comprised of five books covering a broad base of topics in Computer Hacking Forensic Investigation, designed to expose the reader to the process of detecting attacks and collecting evidence in a forensically sound manner with the intent to report crime and prevent future attacks.
Computer Forensics: Evidence Collection and Management
by Robert C. NewmanComputer Forensics: Evidence Collection and Management examines cyber-crime, E-commerce, and Internet activities that could be used to exploit the Internet, computers, and electronic devices. The book focuses on the numerous vulnerabilities and threats that are inherent on the Internet and networking environments and presents techniques and suggestions for corporate security personnel, investigators, and forensic examiners to successfully identify, retrieve, and protect valuable forensic evidence for litigation and prosecution. The book is divided into two major parts for easy reference. The first part explores various crimes, laws, policies, forensic tools, and the information needed to understand the underlying concepts of computer forensic investigations. The second part presents information relating to crime scene investigations and management, disk and file structure, laboratory construction and functions, and legal testimony. Separate chapters focus on investigations involving computer systems, e-mail, and wireless devices. Presenting information patterned after technical, legal, and managerial classes held by computer forensic professionals from Cyber Crime Summits held at Kennesaw State University in 2005 and 2006, this book is an invaluable resource for thosewho want to be both efficient and effective when conducting an investigation.
The Computer from Pascal to von Neumann
by Herman H. GoldstineIn 1942, Lt. Herman H. Goldstine, a former mathematics professor, was stationed at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania. It was there that he assisted in the creation of the ENIAC, the first electronic digital computer. The ENIAC was operational in 1945, but plans for a new computer were already underway. The principal source of ideas for the new computer was John von Neumann, who became Goldstine's chief collaborator. Together they developed EDVAC, successor to ENIAC. After World War II, at the Institute for Advanced Study, they built what was to become the prototype of the present-day computer. Herman Goldstine writes as both historian and scientist in this first examination of the development of computing machinery, from the seventeenth century through the early 1950s. His personal involvement lends a special authenticity to his narrative, as he sprinkles anecdotes and stories liberally through his text.
Computer Games for Learning
by Richard E. MayerMany strong claims are made for the educational value of computer games, but there is a need for systematic examination of the research evidence that might support such claims. This book fills that need by providing, a comprehensive and up-to-date investigation of what research shows about learning with computer games. Computer Games for Learning describes three genres of game research: the value-added approach, which compares the learning outcomes of students who learn with a base version of a game to those of students who learn with the base version plus an additional feature; the cognitive consequences approach, which compares learning outcomes of students who play an off-the-shelf computer game for extended periods to those of students who do not; and the media comparative approach, which compares the learning outcomes of students who learn material by playing a game to those of students who learn the same material using conventional media. After introductory chapters that describe the rationale and goals of learning game research as well as the relevance of cognitive science to learning with games, the book offers examples of research in all three genres conducted by the author and his colleagues at the University of California, Santa Barbara; meta-analyses of published research; and suggestions for future research in the field. The book is essential reading for researchers and students of educational games, instructional designers, learning-game developers, and anyone who wants to know what the research has to say about the educational effectiveness of computer games.
Computer Games for Learning: An Evidence-Based Approach (The\mit Press Ser.)
by Richard E. MayerA comprehensive and up-to-date investigation of what research shows about the educational value of computer games for learning. Many strong claims are made for the educational value of computer games, but there is a need for systematic examination of the research evidence that might support such claims. This book fills that need by providing, a comprehensive and up-to-date investigation of what research shows about learning with computer games. Computer Games for Learning describes three genres of game research: the value-added approach, which compares the learning outcomes of students who learn with a base version of a game to those of students who learn with the base version plus an additional feature; the cognitive consequences approach, which compares learning outcomes of students who play an off-the-shelf computer game for extended periods to those of students who do not; and the media comparative approach, which compares the learning outcomes of students who learn material by playing a game to those of students who learn the same material using conventional media. After introductory chapters that describe the rationale and goals of learning game research as well as the relevance of cognitive science to learning with games, the book offers examples of research in all three genres conducted by the author and his colleagues at the University of California, Santa Barbara; meta-analyses of published research; and suggestions for future research in the field. The book is essential reading for researchers and students of educational games, instructional designers, learning-game developers, and anyone who wants to know what the research has to say about the educational effectiveness of computer games.
Computer-Generated Phase-Only Holograms for 3D Displays: A Matlab Approach
by Peter Wai Tsang'Phase-only Fresnel holograms,' which can be displayed on a single SLM without the need for lenses or complicated optical accessories, substantially simplifies 3-D holographic display systems. Exploring essential concepts, theories, and formulations of these phase-only Fresnel holograms, this book provides comprehensive coverage of modern methods for generating such holograms, which pave the way for commercial products such as compact holographic projectors, heads-up displays, and data security enhancement. Relevant MATLAB codes are provided for readers to implement and evaluate the theories and formulations of different methods, and can be used as a quick start framework for further research and development. This is a crucial and up-to-date treatment of phase-only Fresnel holograms for students and researchers in electrical and electronic engineering, computer science/engineering, applied physics, information technology, and multimedia technology, as well as engineers and scientists in industry developing new products on 3-D displays and holographic projection.
Computer Meets Theoretical Physics: The New Frontier of Molecular Simulation (The Frontiers Collection)
by Giovanni Battimelli Giovanni Ciccotti Pietro GrecoThis book provides a vivid account of the early history of molecular simulation, a new frontier for our understanding of matter that was opened when the demands of theoretical physicists were met by the availability of the modern computers. Since their inception, electronic computers have enormously increased their performance, thus making possible the unprecedented technological revolution that characterizes our present times. This obvious technological advancement has brought with it a silent scientific revolution in the practice of theoretical physics. In particular, in the physics of matter it has opened up a direct route from the microscopic physical laws to observable phenomena. One can now study the time evolution of systems composed of millions of molecules, and simulate the behaviour of macroscopic materials and actually predict their properties. Molecular simulation has provided a new theoretical and conceptual tool that physicists could only dream of when the foundations of statistical mechanics were laid. Molecular simulation has undergone impressive development, both in the size of the scientific community involved and in the range and scope of its applications. It has become the ubiquitous workhorse for investigating the nature of complex condensed matter systems in physics, chemistry, materials and the life sciences. Yet these developments remain largely unknown outside the inner circles of practitioners, and they have so far never been described for a wider public. The main objective of this book is therefore to offer a reasonably comprehensive reconstruction of the early history of molecular simulation addressed to an audience of both scientists and interested non-scientists, describing the scientific and personal trajectories of the main protagonists and discussing the deep conceptual innovations that their work produced.
Computer Methods, Imaging and Visualization in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Selected Papers from the 16th International Symposium CMBBE and 4th Conference on Imaging and Visualization, August 14-16, 2019, New York City, USA (Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics #36)
by João Manuel R. S. Tavares Gerard A. Ateshian Kristin M. MyersThis book gathers selected, extended and revised contributions to the 16th International Symposium on Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, and the 4th Conference on Imaging and Visualization (CMBBE 2019), held on August 14-16, 2019, in New York City, USA. It reports on cutting-edge models and algorithms for studying various tissues and organs in normal and pathological conditions; innovative imaging and visualization techniques; and the latest diagnostic tools. Further topics addressed include: numerical methods, machine learning approaches, FEM models, and high-resolution imaging and real-time visualization methods applied for biomedical purposes. Given the scope of its coverage, the book provides graduate students and researchers with a timely and insightful snapshot of the latest research and current challenges in biomedical engineering, computational biomechanics and biological imaging, as well as a source of inspiration for future research and cross-disciplinary collaborations.