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Conceptual Profiles: A Theory of Teaching and Learning Scientific Concepts (Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education #42)
by Eduardo F. Mortimer Charbel N. El-HaniThe language of science has many words and phrases whose meaning either changes in differing contexts or alters to reflect developments in a given discipline. This book presents the authors' theories on using 'conceptual profiles' to make the teaching of context-dependent meanings more effective. Developed over two decades, their theory begins with a recognition of the coexistence in the students' discourse of those alternative meanings, even in the case of scientific concepts such as molecule, where the dissonance between the classical and modern views of the same phenomenon is an accepted norm. What began as an alternative model of conceptual change has evolved to incorporate a sociocultural approach, by drawing on ideas such as situated cognition and Vygotsky's influential concept of culturally located learning. Also informed by pragmatist philosophy, the approach has grown into a well-rounded theory of teaching and learning scientific concepts. The authors have taken the opportunity in this book to develop their ideas further, anticipate and respond to criticisms--that of relativism, for example--and explain how their theory can be applied to analyze the teaching of core concepts in science such as heat and temperature, life and biological adaptation. They also report on the implementation of a research program that correlates the responsiveness of their methodology to all the main developments in the field of science education. This additional material will inform academic discussion, review, and further enhancement of their theory and research model.
Conceptual Systems (Routledge Studies in the Philosophy of Science)
by Harold I. BrownNew concepts are constantly being introduced into our thinking. Conceptual Systems explores how these new concepts are entered into our systems along with sufficient continuity with older ideas to ensure understanding. The encyclopedic breadth of this text highlights the many different aspects and disciplines that together present an insightful view into the various theories of concepts. Harold Brown, a reputable author in the philosophy of science examines several historically influential theories of concepts as well as presenting a clear view on the general theory of conceptual change. Case studies discuss examples of conceptual change in the history of physics including the move in seventeenth century physics from Galileo to Descates to Newton; and the conceptual framework of the 'standard model' in the late twentieth century high-energy physics. The key central themes in the philosophy of science that are explored in detail in this enormous book make it an essential read for academics in this field.
Conceptual Theories in Structural Dynamics (Advanced Structured Materials #135)
by Farzad Hejazi Tan Kar ChunThis book discusses the conceptual theory of structural dynamics, using simplified methods and clear, concise explanations. It illustrates all the hypotheses in a simple and effective way and describes in detail the derivation of all related formulations. Further, comprehensive step-by-step explanations combined with conceptual derivations, drawings and figures allow readers to grasp all the analytical formulations related to the dynamics of structures. Covering free and forced vibrations of single- and multi-degree of freedom systems represented as structure, subjected to dynamic load, the book also explores the most common types of dynamic loads applicable to structures, such as harmonic loads, impact loads and earthquakes, presenting relevant details, derivations and effective problems to explain the concept for various conditions. In addition, each chapter provides examples at different levels to help students, researchers and engineers gain a better understanding of the topics better, and includes numerous real-world problems to familiarize readers with the challenges related to structural engineering.
Conceptualising Demand: A Distinctive Approach to Consumption and Practice
by Jenny Rinkinen Elizabeth Shove Greg MarsdenThis book addresses fundamental questions about the very idea of demand: how is it constituted, how does it change and how might it be steered? Conceptualising Demand focuses on five core propositions: that demand is derived from social practices; that it is made and not simply met; that it is materially embedded and temporally unfolding; and that it is modulated through many forms of policy and governance. In working through these claims, the book weaves concepts from the sociology of consumption, science and technology studies, policy analyses and social theories of practice together with empirical cases and new research into such topics as the rise of refrigerated foods, the emergence of online shopping and the transformation of energy demanding services. This innovative book takes a fresh look at the very idea of demand, a concept that is often taken for granted, but that is vital for scholars and students of energy, mobility, climate change and consumption, and anyone interested in the subject.
Conceptualizing Environmental Citizenship for 21st Century Education (Environmental Discourses in Science Education #4)
by Pedro Reis Andreas Ch. Hadjichambis Demetra Paraskeva-Hadjichambi Jan Činčera Jelle Boeve-de Pauw Niklas Gericke Marie-Christine KnippelsThis Open Access book is about the development of a common understanding of environmental citizenship. It conceptualizes and frames environmental citizenship taking an educational perspective. Organized in four complementary parts, the book first explains the political, economic and societal dimensions of the concept. Next, it examines environmental citizenship as a psychological concept with a specific focus on knowledge, values, beliefs and attitudes. It then explores environmental citizenship within the context of environmental education and education for sustainability. It elaborates responsible environmental behaviour, youth activism and education for sustainability through the lens of environmental citizenship. Finally, it discusses the concept within the context of different educational levels, such as primary and secondary education in formal and non-formal settings. Environmental citizenship is a key factor in sustainability, green and cycle economy, and low-carbon society, and an important aspect in addressing global environmental problems. It has been an influential concept in many different arenas such as economy, policy, philosophy, and organizational marketing. In the field of education, the concept could be better exploited and established, however. Education and, especially, environmental discourses in science education have a great deal to contribute to the adoption and promotion of environmental citizenship.
Conceptualizing Germany's Energy Transition: Institutions, Materiality, Power, Space
by Ludger Gailing Timothy MossThis is the first book to explore ways of conceptualizing Germany's ongoing energy transition. Although widely acclaimed in policy and research circles worldwide, the Energiewende is poorly understood in terms of social science scholarship. There is an urgent need to delve beyond descriptive accounts of policy implementation and contestation in order to unpack the deeper issues at play in what has been termed a 'grand societal transformation. ' The authors approach this in three ways: First, they select and characterize conceptual approaches suited to interpreting the reordering of institutional arrangements, socio-material configurations, power relations and spatial structures of energy systems in Germany and beyond. Second, they assess the value of these concepts in describing and explaining energy transitions, pinpointing their relative strengths and weaknesses and exploring areas of complementarity and incompatibility. Third, they illustrate how these concepts can be applied - individually and in combination - to enrich empirical research of Germany's energy transition.
Conceptualizing Plant-Based Nutrition: Bioresources, Nutrients Repertoire and Bioavailability
by Ramesh S. V. Shelly PraveenThis book deliberates on the various aspects of plant-based nutrition. Plant-based nutrition has numerous potential health benefits as it is low on calories nevertheless high on nutrient density and satiety, and also nutrient supplementation makes them wholesome diets.Starting with the importance of biodiversity contributing to the nutrition, the book discusses the development or utilization of nutrient-dense crops/foods with their bioavailability properties and health effects. Further, it deals with the enrichment of micronutrients through bio-fortification, fortification, the role of food matrix, and nutrient bioavailability, including the role of plant-based milk alternatives. The linkage between food and health is also being discussed in the context of anti-nutritional factors, metabolic fate of the food, and genomics. Finally, the implications of next-gen biotech crops and food safety issues imperative to define the concept of safe nutrition are discussed.With contributions from plant nutrition experts, this book serves as a one-stop reference for plant scientists, food technologists, and nutritionists looking to understand the concept of plant-based nutrition and its linkage with human health.
Concert Halls by Nagata Acoustics: Thirty Years of Acoustical Design for Music Venues and Vineyard-Style Auditoria
by Yasuhisa Toyota Motoo Komoda Daniel Beckmann Marc Quiquerez Erik BergalThis visually stunning and data rich text catalogs the design of 32 concert halls by world-renowned acoustician Yasuhisa Toyota and his team at Nagata Acoustics, the firm behind the celebrated Walt Disney Concert Hall, the Hamburg Elbphilharmonie, and numerous others. Alongside architectural drawings and photographs, commentary on the design process and challenges of each hall provides insight for the dedicated listener to appreciate a wide range of internationally beloved concert venues. Summarized acoustical and architectural data for each of the halls will provide valuable reference information to architects and acousticians alike. Following the project anthology is an overview of the history, development, and acoustical features of vineyard- and surround-style concert halls. A broader discussion of design philosophy reveals the methods by which Toyota has guided architects to create world renowned halls. These technical and general discussions give architects the foundation to design for the performing arts, and provide audiences a new insight and perspective to consider the next time they attend a concert.
Concerted Organic and Bio-Organic Mechanisms (New Directions In Organic And Biological Chemistry Ser. #12)
by Andrew WilliamsThe concept of concerted mechanisms was formulated nearly 90 years ago and virtually all general organic chemistry texts mention it. Until now, however, no monograph has addressed the concept explicitly. Over the last two decades, substantial advancements made in the development of precise methods for elucidating concerted mechanisms have heightened the need for a comprehensive text on the subject.Concerted Organic and Bio-organic Mechanisms gathers the salient materials related to this emerging field into a single text. It sets forth the precise definition of concertedness-along with working sub-definitions-and describes rigorous experimental tools chemists can use to diagnose the existence or absence of concerted mechanisms.Advances in our understanding of concerted mechanisms lead to further questions. Concerted Organic and Bio-organic Mechanisms provides the background and the tools researchers need to consider these important questions and further advance the frontiers of reactions, synthesis, and catalysis.
Conchophilia: Shells, Art, and Curiosity in Early Modern Europe
by Marisa Anne Bass Anne Goldgar Hanneke Grootenboer Claudia SwanA captivating historical look at the cultural and artistic significance of shells in early modern EuropeAmong nature’s most artful creations, shells have long inspired the curiosity and passion of artisans, artists, collectors, and thinkers. Conchophilia delves into the intimate relationship between shells and people, offering an unprecedented account of the early modern era, when the influx of exotic shells to Europe fueled their study and representation as never before. From elaborate nautilus cups and shell-encrusted grottoes to delicate miniatures, this richly illustrated book reveals how the love of shells intersected not only with the rise of natural history and global trade but also with philosophical inquiry, issues of race and gender, and the ascent of art-historical connoisseurship.Shells circulated at the nexus of commerce and intellectual pursuit, suggesting new ways of thinking about relationships between Europe and the rest of the world. The authors focus on northern Europe, where the interest and trade in shells had its greatest impact on the visual arts. They consider how shells were perceived as exotic objects, the role of shells in courtly collections, their place in still-life tableaus, and the connections between their forms and those of the human body. They examine how artists gilded, carved, etched, and inked shells to evoke the permeable boundary between art and nature. These interactions with shells shaped the ways that early modern individuals perceived their relation to the natural world, and their endeavors in art and the acquisition of knowledge.Spanning painting and print to architecture and the decorative arts, Conchophilia uncovers the fascinating ways that shells were circulated, depicted, collected, and valued during a time of remarkable global change.
Concise Biochemistry
by Anatoly Bezkorovainy Max E. RafelsonThis work offers succinct, medically-oriented coverage of biochemistry, examining biologically important materials and presenting the properties of nucleic acids as well as nucleic acid metabolism. Each metabolic process is integrated in a review of overall energy metabolism, diabetes and starvation. A solutions manual is available to instructors o
Concise Catalog of Deep-Sky Objects: Astrophysical Information for 550 Galaxies, Clusters and Nebulae (The Patrick Moore Practical Astronomy Series)
by Warren H. FinlayThis book is for the amateur astronomer who wants to know about the astrophysical nature of deep sky objects. The information is presented in a concise format and is equally valuable when used as background reading or, alternatively, at the telescope eyepiece. The past decades have seen an unprecedented increase in professional astronomers' understanding of astronomical objects. However, generally this information is contained in journal publications that most amateur astronomers either do not have access to or would find difficult to read. In this book, basic data on each object (e. g. , magnitude, location, distance, age if known) is presented in a way that allows the reader to quickly access the information. This is followed by some remarks that capture the most fascinating astrophysical facts. Although there are thousands of deep sky objects observed by astronomers, only a small number of these are commonly observed by a wide audience. Thus, coverage here is limited to approximately 500 of the most commonly observed objects in the Northern Hemisphere and - an enhancement for the Second Edition - approximately 50 of those in the Southern Hemisphere. These are visible from the southern limits of the United States as well as from the southern continents. Another new feature of the Second Edition is the addition of amateur photographic images of all the Messier objects.
Concise Chemical Thermodynamics
by A.P.H. PetersThe first two editions of Concise Chemical Thermodynamics proved to be a very popular introduction to a subject many undergraduate students perceive to be difficult due to the underlying mathematics. With its concise explanations and clear examples, the text has for the past 40 years clarified for countless students one of the most complicated bran
A Concise Course in Elasticity: Nonlinear and Linear Theories with Statics and Dynamics (Advances in Mechanics and Mathematics #54)
by Jiashi YangThis textbook presents a concise and comprehensive treatment of the theory of elasticity. It covers both the linear and nonlinear aspects of the theory, including both statics and dynamics. Written to be accessible to the graduate student reader, this text promotes approachability by minimizing the use of complex mathematical tools, and instead emphasizing the formulation of the initial boundary value problems. This approach makes it an ideal resource for students as well as instructors seeking a textbook designed for a one-semester graduate course in elasticity. Divided into ten chapters, the book begins with a brief review of the mechanics of materials. The theory of Cartesian tensors is then introduced, which serves as a mathematical preparation for the concise treatment of the nonlinear theory of elasticity that follows. The theory of linear elasticity is covered next with the remainder of the book then focusing on problem solving in linear elasticity. These chapters cover topics such as antiplane problems, plane-stress and plane-strain problems, and elastodynamics. Five appendices appear at the end, which include basic equations of elasticity in cylindrical, polar, and spherical coordinates, as well as a collection of vector identities that appear throughout the book. A Concise Course in Elasticity is an ideal textbook for a one-semester graduate course on elasticity. Graduate students interested in this topic will appreciate the author’s accessible approach. Instructors will find the comprehensive coverage uniquely suited to providing an overview of the area. Readers are assumed to have some experience at the undergraduate level of the mechanics of materials.
A Concise Course on the Theory of Classical Liquids: Basics and Selected Topics (Lecture Notes in Physics #923)
by Andrés SantosThis short primer offers non-specialist readers a concise, yetcomprehensive introduction to the field of classical fluids - providing bothfundamental information and a number of selected topics to bridge the gapbetween the basics and ongoing research. In particular, hard-sphere systems represent a favorite playground instatistical mechanics, both in and out of equilibrium, as they represent thesimplest models of many-body systems of interacting particles, and at highertemperature and densities they have proven to be very useful as referencesystems for real fluids. Moreover, their usefulness in the realm of softcondensed matter has become increasingly recognized - for instance, theeffective interaction among (sterically stabilized) colloidal particles can betuned to almost perfectly match the hard-sphere model. These lecture notes present a brief, self-contained overview ofequilibrium statistical mechanics of classical fluids, with specialapplications to both the structural and thermodynamic properties of systemsmade of particles interacting via the hard-sphere potential or closely relatedmodel potentials. In particular it addresses the exact statistical-mechanicalproperties of one-dimensional systems, the issue of thermodynamic(in)consistency among different routes in the context of several approximatetheories, and the construction of analytical or semi-analytical approximationsfor the structural properties. Written pedagogically at the graduate level, with many figures, tables,photographs, and guided end-of-chapter exercises, this introductory textbenefits students and newcomers to the field alike.
Concise Dictionary of Biomedicine and Molecular Biology
by Pei-Show JuoRapid advances in science, medicine, and molecular biology have created a large amount of new information on biomedicine and molecular biology. Keeping up with the latest information can become a cumbersome task for professionals and students working in these fields. Updated to include new terminology and accurate characterizations of previously ex
Concise Dictionary of Environmental Engineering
by Thomas M. PankratzConcise Dictionary of Environmental Engineering contains thousands of definitions of terms used in the field of environmental engineering, including technical terms, abbreviations, and product/process trademarks and brand names. It helps you make sense out of technical reports and papers, and makes finding the right word for your own reports and papers easy!
A Concise Dictionary of Paleontology
by Robert L. CarltonThis authored dictionary presents a unique glossary of paleontological terms, taxa, localities, and concepts, with focus on the most significant orders, genera, and species in terms of historical turning points such as mass extinctions. The book is an accurate and up-to-date collection of the most important paleontological terms and taxa, and may be used as a resource by students, researchers, libraries, and museums.Though useful to many in professional and academic settings, the book is also aimed at general readers of scientific literature who may enjoy the material without a background in paleontology. While there are many current resources on the subject, few fully encapsulate an accurate representation of the paleontological lexicon. This book attempts to compile such a representation in a moderately comprehensive manner, and includes a list of the most important monographs and articles that have been consulted to put together this essential work.
A Concise Dictionary of Paleontology: Second Edition
by Robert L. CarltonThis new and significantly updated authored dictionary is a unique glossary of paleontological terms, taxa, localities, and concepts. It focuses primarily on identifying the most significant groups of fossil animals and plants in relation to their evolution and phylogeny. It also focuses on mass extinctions, on taxa that are problematic in some significant way, on the principal fossil-Lagerstätten of the world, and on historical turning points marked by index fossils. Although there are many current resources on the subject, none contains an accurate representation of the paleontological lexicon. Although well aware that the fast-changing field of paleontology will always defy any attempt at complete description, the author has attempted to provide an accurate and comprehensive set of about 4,000 entries that will be useful to professionals as well as to general readers of scientific literature without a background in paleontology.
Concise Encyclopaedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology
by Marketa J. Zvelebil John M. HancockConcise Encyclopaedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, 2nd Edition is a fully revised and updated version of this acclaimed resource. The book provides definitions and often explanations of over 1000 words, phrases and concepts relating to this fast-moving and exciting field, offering a convenient, one-stop summary of the core knowledge in the area. This second edition is an invaluable resource for students, researchers and academics.
Concise Encyclopedia of Biomedical Polymers and Polymeric Biomaterials
by Munmaya MishraThe Concise Encyclopedia of Biomedical Polymers and Polymeric Biomaterials presents new and selected content from the 11-volume Biomedical Polymers and Polymeric Biomaterials Encyclopedia. The carefully culled content includes groundbreaking work from the earlier published work as well as exclusive online material added since its publication in print. A diverse and global team of renowned scientists provide cutting edge information concerning polymers and polymeric biomaterials. Acknowledging the evolving nature of the field, the encyclopedia also features newly added content in areas such as tissue engineering, tissue repair and reconstruction, and biomimetic materials.
Concise Encyclopedia of Crop Improvement: Institutions, Persons, Theories, Methods, and Histories
by Rolf SchlegelHow were today' complex approaches to improving crops developed? The quest for a steady food supply sparked plant breeding attempts over 12,000 years ago. The Concise Encyclopedia of Crop Improvement is a comprehensive resource explaining the development of crop improvement methods over the centuries. This extensive history of development is examined in detail, including influential individuals in the field, plant cultivation in Asia since the Neolithic time, techniques used in the Old World, and cropping in ancient America. The advance of scientific plant breeding in the twentieth century is extensively explored, including hybrid breeding, biotechnological improvement, and genetic manipulation.
Concise Encyclopedia of Plant Pathology
by Perumal VidhyasekaranAn easy-to-use single reference source covering the full range of subject areas associated with plant pathology! This comprehensive volume covers the entire field of plant pathology. It does not merely define the numerous subjects covered (297 topics carefully arranged in 38 sections!) but describes them in detail. Each section of this boo
Concise Encyclopedia of Supersymmetry: And Noncommutative Structures in Mathematics and Physics
by Steven Duplij Warren Siegel Jonathan BaggerThe book is the first full-size Encyclopedia which simultaneously covers such well-established and modern subjects as quantum field theory, supersymmetry, supergravity, M-theory, black holes and quantum gravity, noncommutative geometry, representation theory, categories and quantum groups, and their generalizations. The extraordinary historical part "the SUSY story," more than 700 authored articles from more than 250 high-level experts (including Nobel Prize Winner Gerard 't Hooft), a detailed (50 pages) Subject/Article three level index and an Author index, make the SUSY Encyclopedia an outstanding and indispensable book on the desk of researchers, experts, Ph. D. students, specialists and professionals in modern methods of theoretical and mathematical physics.
Concise Encyclopedia of Temperate Tree Fruit
by Tara Auxt Baugher Suman SinghaFrom Anatomy to Wildlifeeverything you need to know about temperate-zone tree fruit culture and physiology! The Concise Encyclopedia of Temperate Tree Fruit is a unique resource that examines all aspects of tree fruit cultivation in the world's temperate zones. This book addresses more than 40 topics, and included with each topic is a list of resources you can use to find further information. Subjects from molecular genetics to fruit color to pest management are addressed comprehensively and in plain language, so you can get the information you need when you need it. Many helpful illustrations and tables make the data even more accessible. Compiled by some of the most respected names in the field, the Concise Encyclopedia of Temperate Tree Fruit presents the latest research and advances into a wide range of subjects, including fruit maturity, plant hormones, fruit nutritional compositions, and rootstock selection. From the mechanics of plant respiration to the nuances of tree training systems, it’s all inside. Some topics the Concise Encyclopedia of Temperate Tree Fruit examines are: past and future cultivar development innovations in packing equipment the benefits of high-density orchards mechanisms of cold hardiness vital components of site preparation carbohydrate distribution and whole-plant efficiency advances in sustainable production systems If your work or research includes apples, pears, quinces, peaches, apricots, plums, cherries, or any other temperate-zone tree fruit, the Concise Encyclopedia of Temperate Tree Fruit will be your one-stop reference.