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Contemporary Materialism: Its Ontology and Epistemology (Synthese Library #447)
by Lino Camprubí Gustavo E. Romero Javier Pérez-JaraThis book provides an up-to-date revision of materialism’s central tenets, its main varieties, and the place of materialistic philosophy vis a vis scientific knowledge.Materialism has been the subject of extensive and rich controversies since Robert Boyle introduced the term for the first time in the 17th century. But what is materialism and what can it offer today? The term is usually defined as the worldview according to which everything real is material. Nevertheless, there is no philosophical consensus about whether the meaning of matter can be enlarged beyond the physical. As a consequence, materialism is often defined in stark exclusive and reductionist terms: whatever exists is either physical or ontologically reducible to it. This conception, if consistent, mutilates reality, excluding the ontological significance of political, economic, sociocultural, anthropological and psychological realities. Starting from a new history of materialism, the present book focuses on the central ontological and epistemological debates aroused by today’s leading materialist approaches, including some little known to an anglophone readership. The key concepts of matter, system, emergence, space and time, life, mind, and software are checked over and updated. Controversial issues such as the nature of mathematics and the place of reductionism are also discussed from different materialist approaches. As a result, materialism emerges as a powerful, indispensable scientifically-supported worldview with a surprising wealth of nuances and possibilities.
Contemporary Mathematical Thinking (Synthese Library #474)
by Frédéric PatrasThis book deals with the evolution of mathematical thought during the 20th century. Representing a unique point of view combining mathematics, philosophy and history on this issue, it presents an original analysis of key authors, for example Bourbaki, Grothendieck and Husserl. As a product of 19th and early 20th century science, a canon of knowledge or a scientific ideology, mathematical structuralism had to give way. The succession is difficult, still in progress, and uncertain. To understand contemporary mathematics, its progressive liberation from the slogans of "modern mathematics" and the paths that remain open today, it is first necessary to deconstruct the history of this long dominant current. Another conception of mathematical thought emerged in the work of mathematicians such as Hilbert or Weyl, which went beyond the narrow epistemological paths of science in the making. In this tradition, mathematical thought was accompanied by a philosophical requirement. Modernity teaches us to revive it. The book is intended for a varied public: mathematicians concerned with understanding their discipline, philosophers of science, and the erudite public curious about the progress of mathematics.
Contemporary Methods in Bioinformatics and Biomedicine and Their Applications (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #374)
by Krassimir T. Atanassov Janusz Kacprzyk Evdokia Sotirova Sotir S. Sotirov Tania Pencheva Galya StanevaThis book gathers selected papers from the First International Symposium on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine. Issues related to medicine and health care constitute one of the grand challenges faces by the mankind, and this naturally implies a growing interest in these problems among both researchers and scholars, politicians and policymakers, as well as economist. The present values which gather selected papers from the First International Symposium on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BioInfoMed’2020) is a recent response to this interests. In the subsequent sections and chapters, it covers a multitude of various topics related to bioinformatics, biomedicine, bioenginering, as well as a broadly perceives healthcare. Issues related to decision making in bioinformatics, biomedicine and health care, mathematical modelling in biomedicine and health care, artificial intelligence in biomedicine and health care, uncertainty and imprecision, notably intuitionistic fuzzy sets with applications in bioinformatics and biomedicine, biomedical approaches and applications, biomedical imaging and image processing, and excitable structures and motor activity are covered.
Contemporary Neurobehavioral Syndromes
by Gerald Goldstein Theresa M. Incagnoli Antonio E. PuenteDuring the twentieth century, new neurobehavioral diseases appeared or were described for the first time. Exposure to certain toxins or noxious environments, for example, produced illnesses that did not exist before the twentieth century. In addition, established illnesses were reconceptualized with regard to their cause or neurobiological basis. Autism, for instance, was described for the first time during the twentieth century and may not have existed previously. Its cause was subsequently reconceptualized from a disorder related to inadequate parenting, to a brain disorder with possible genetic causes. These major new and reconceptualized disorders are reviewed in this book with regard to their neurocognitive characteristics, causes, and outcome. Disorders covered include ADHD in adults, Lewy Body Dementia, autism, multiple chemical sensitivity, deployment syndromes found in veterans of the Persian Gulf and Afghanistan wars, effects of low birth weight, neurobehavioral respiratory disorders, PTSD, and comorbid disorders such as depression and brain injury. The expert reviews of these disorders give balanced coverage of the ongoing and often controversial research findings that continue to generate much professional and public interest. This volume provides an essential resource for researchers, instructors, and clinicians in the fields of neuropsychology, psychiatry, behavioral neurology, neuroscience, toxicology, as well as the informed general public concerned and affected by these disorders.
Contemporary Neuropsychology and the Legacy of Luria (Institute for Research in Behavioral Neuroscience Series)
by Elkhonon GoldbergBest known as a founding father of neuropsychology, Luria is remembered for his clinical approach, which in many ways foreshadowed and served as the basis for the currently popular "process approach" to neuropsychological diagnosis. Although he never completed the job of designing a general theory of brain- behavioral relations, he nonetheless contributed mightily to the ongoing effort to develop one, and to the emergence of neuropsychology as a mature science. Written by professionals who either knew Alexandr Romanovich Luria personally or experienced his scientific influence, the topics examined in this volume reflect the expanse of his interests and contributions.
Contemporary Nutrition 9th Edition
by Gordon M. Wardlaw Anne M. Smith Angela Collene"Contemporary Nutrition" is a complete and balanced resource for nutrition information written at a level non-science majors can understand. Completely revised and up-to-date with MyPlate, Healthy People 2020 and Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010, it provides the ideal balance of reliable nutrition information and practical consumer-oriented knowledge. With a friendly writing style, the authors act as the student's personal guide to dispelling common misconceptions and to gaining a solid foundation for making informed nutrition choices. "Contemporary Nutrition" emphasizes that a population consists of individuals with varying genetic and cultural backgrounds, and these individuals will have varying responses to diet. The knowledge gained from this text will allow students to personalize nutrition information and empower them to make better choices in their daily lives.
Contemporary Perspectives on Early Modern Philosophy: Nature and Norms in Thought (Studies in History and Philosophy of Science #29)
by Martin Lenz Anik WaldowNormativity has long been conceived as more properly pertaining to the domain of thought than to the domain of nature. This conception goes back to Kant and still figures prominently in contemporary epistemology, philosophy of mind and ethics. By offering a collection of new essays by leading scholars in early modern philosophy and specialists in contemporary philosophy, this volume goes beyond the point where nature and normativity came apart, and challenges the well-established opposition between these all too neatly separated realms. It examines how the mind's embeddedness in nature can be conceived as a starting point for uncovering the links between naturally and conventionally determined standards governing an agent's epistemic and moral engagement with the world. The original essays are grouped in two parts. The first part focuses on specific aspects of theories of perception, thought formation and judgment. It gestures towards an account of normativity that regards linguistic conventions and natural constraints as jointly setting the scene for the mind's ability to conceptualise its experiences. The second part of the book asks what the norms of desirable epistemic and moral practices are. Key to this approach is an examination of human beings as parts of nature, who act as natural causes and are determined by their sensibilities and sentiments. Each part concludes with a chapter that integrates features of the historical debate into the contemporary context.
Contemporary Philosophical Theology
by Charles Taliaferro Chad MeisterIn Contemporary Philosophical Theology, Charles Taliaferro and Chad Meister focus on key topics in contemporary philosophical theology within Christianity, Islam, and Judaism, as well as Hinduism and Buddhism. The volume begins with a discussion of key methodological tools available to the philosophical theologian, such as faith and reason, science and religion, revelation and sacred scripture, and authority and tradition. The authors use these tools to explore subjects including language, ineffability, miracles, evil, and the afterlife. They also grapple with applied philosophical theology, including environmental concerns, interreligious dialogue, and the nature and significance of political values. A concluding discussion proposes that philosophical theology can contribute to important reflections and action concerning climate change.
Contemporary Phytomedicines
by Amritpal Singh SaroyaThe term phytomedicine was coined by French physician Henri Leclerc in 1913. Till recently phytomedicine has remained in the background. But due to emerging challenges to the conventional pharmaceutical industry (cost effectiveness and potency of the drugs), phytomedicine has made a dramatic comeback. Phytomedicine has witnessed several changes and several new concepts have been introduced. Phytomedicine, although, a separate discipline, is strongly linked to Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology. As the title suggests the book is an attempt to bridge the gap between fundamental and emerging concepts in this field of medicine. The book has been divided into two parts. Part A deals with core issues of the phyto-pharmaceutical drug industry. The book begins with an introductory chapter dealing with basic definitions with phytomedicine. Chapters 2-5 narrate emerging subjects such as Phytopharmacovigilance, Phytopharmacoeconomics, Phytopharmacoepidemiology and Phytopharmacogenomics. Chapter 6 discusses ethical issues in phytomedicine. Chapter 7 covers recent advances in drug delivery systems in phytomedicine whereas Chapter 8 is about application of nanotechnology in the field of phytomedicine. The further chapters cover metabolomics, regulatory and legal aspects of the phyto-pharmaceutical drug industry. The chapter on herbal bioavailability enhancing agents is the salient feature of Part-A. Part B is related to applied research in the field of phytomedicine. Experimental findings on phyto-bioactive agents such as withanolides, steroidal alkaloids, phytosteroids and phytocannabinoids have been elaborated. Nine annexures related to herbal drug registration are included.
Contemporary Planetary Robotics: An Approach Toward Autonomous Systems
by Yang GaoFilling the gap for readers from both academia and industry wishing to pursue their studies and/or careers in this emerging field, this is a one-stop tour of the history, evolution, key systems, and technologies of planetary robotics. The book provides a comprehensive introduction to the R&D aspects, ranging from robotic vision, surface rover locomotion, navigation, and remote/semi/autonomous operation, to sample acquisition/preparation, and subsurface mobility. It equally offers a systematic overview of major planetary robotic systems, covering the rovers, manipulators, samplers and drillers. It also includes a chronicle to explain the evolution of robotics within planetary missions since the Surveyor 3 mission in the 1960s. The definitive reference on autonomous robotics and an important contribution to current and future programs run by such space agencies as ESA and NASA.
Contemporary Psychoanalytic Foundations: Postmodernism, Complexity, and Neuroscience
by Mark LeffertPast scholars have tried to classify psychoanalysis as an intrinsically positivist science, with varying degrees of success. Their critics have fared little better with narrow applications of postmodern thought, which focus on smaller areas within psychoanalysis and, as a result, neglect the evolution of the discipline as a whole. In an effort to provide a ground for current psychoanalytic thought, Mark Leffert creates an interreferential schema which balances the influences of postmodernism, complexity theory, and neuroscience as its key factors. Using the heterogeneity of postmodern thought as a starting point, he traces its impact on and implications for the development of the discipline, leading into the realm of complexity theory – which is relatively new to the psychoanalytic literature – and how it informs as well as constrains certain psychoanalytic assumptions. The book then turns to neuroscience, the "hard" scientific study of the complexities of the brain, and how recent research informs psychoanalytic theory and may shed light on aspects of memory, the conscious, and the unconscious. Taken together, these three elements create a firm basis for the current trends in psychoanalysis and the direction of its development in the years to come.
Contemporary Religious Tourism: Multidisciplinary insights, Environmental Engagement, and Community Impact (Tourism, Hospitality & Event Management)
by Marco ValeriThis book explores the multifaceted impact of religious tourism on prominent global destinations, addressing significant research gaps in this evolving field. Religious tourism, driven by complex psychosocial motives, particularly religious and spiritual needs, has long influenced travel behavior. Pilgrimages, a key aspect of religious tourism, are examined in depth, highlighting their role in fulfilling spiritual and material needs across various belief systems. The book investigates the intricate relationship between religion and tourism, considering factors such as authenticity, emotional solidarity, pro-environmental behaviors, and the educational aspects of spiritual journeys. With case studies from diverse regions such as Greece, India, Italy, and Bulgaria, the book offers a global perspective on how religious tourism intersects with marketing, economics, social development, and sustainability. This volume provides valuable insights for academics, practitioners, and policymakers interested in the profound and diverse implications of religious tourism in different cultural and geographical contexts.
Contemporary Statistical Models for the Plant and Soil Sciences
by Francis J. Pierce Oliver SchabenbergerDespite its many origins in agronomic problems, statistics today is often unrecognizable in this context. Numerous recent methodological approaches and advances originated in other subject-matter areas and agronomists frequently find it difficult to see their immediate relation to questions that their disciplines raise. On the other hand, statisticians often fail to recognize the riches of challenging data analytical problems contemporary plant and soil science provides.The first book to integrate modern statistics with crop, plant and soil science, Contemporary Statistical Models for the Plant and Soil Sciences bridges this gap. The breadth and depth of topics covered is unusual. Each of the main chapters could be a textbook in its own right on a particular class of data structures or models. The cogent presentation in one text allows research workers to apply modern statistical methods that otherwise are scattered across several specialized texts. The combination of theory and application orientation conveys ìwhyî a particular method works and ìhowî it is put in to practice.About the downloadable resourcesThe accompanying downloadable resources are a key component of the book. For each of the main chapters additional sections of text are available that cover mathematical derivations, special topics, and supplementary applications. It supplies the data sets and SAS code for all applications and examples in the text, macros that the author developed, and SAS tutorials ranging from basic data manipulation to advanced programming techniques and publication quality graphics.Contemporary statistical models can not be appreciated to their full potential without a good understanding of theory. They also can not be applied to their full potential without the aid of statistical software. Contemporary Statistical Models for the Plant and Soil Science provides the essential mix of theory and applications of statistical methods pertinent to research in life sciences.
Contemporary Suitability of Nanobionics in Agriculture: Nanotechnology in Horticultural Crops (Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences)
by Ram Prasad Vishnu D. Rajput Tatiana Minkina Arti GoelAttempts to apply nanotechnology in agriculture began with the growing realization that conventional farming technologies would neither be able to increase productivity any further nor restore ecosystems damaged by existing technologies back to their pristine state; in particular because the long-term effects of farming with &“miracle seeds&” in conjunction with irrigation, fertilizers, and pesticides, have been questioned both at the scientific and policy levels and must be gradually phased out. Nanotechnology in agriculture has gained momentum in the last decade with an abundance of public funding, but the pace of development is modest even though many disciplines fall under the umbrella of agriculture. One reason this may be is due to the fact that not much information about the safe use of nanomaterials in agriculture system has been accessible in recent years. "Contemporary Suitability of Nanobionics in Agriculture" provides insight into the uses of nanomaterials in agriculture, which will be of particular use for agriculture personnel & beyond. The book includes an overview of nanobionics in agriculture, while also focusing on specific subjects such as recent advances, future outlook, biosafety & regulatory aspects, etc. Nanotechnologic intervention in farming has bright prospects for improving the efficiency of nutrient use through nanoformulations of fertilizers, breaking yield barriers through bionanotechnology, surveillance and control of pests and diseases, understanding mechanisms of host-parasite interactions at the molecular level, development of new-generation pesticides and their carriers, preservation and packaging of food and food additives, strengthening of natural fibers, removal of contaminants from soil and water, improving the shelf-life of vegetables and flowers, clay-based nano-resources for precision water management, reclamation of salt-affected soils, and stabilization of erosion prone surfaces, to name a few.
Contemporary Sustainable Organisational Practices: A Roadmap for Transformation (CSR, Sustainability, Ethics & Governance)
by Amin Hosseinian-Far Dilshad Sarwar Ebenezer Laryea Oluwaseyi Omoloso Chijioke D. UbaThis book provides a structured overview of contemporary sustainable organisational practices. It examines the contemporary sustainability landscape within the pillars of environment, economy and society and provides case examples for each topic. The book features discussions on sustainable governance and strategy, systems approach, and social responsibility. It is a multidisciplinary work that cuts across several subject areas ranging from strategy, business and organisational management, environmental management, engineering, to systems thinking. This book is suitable for scholars, researchers, academics, and policy makers interested in sustainability and organisational management and practice.
Contemporary Theories of Human Cognition
by Diego Azevedo LeiteThis book provides a systematic presentation of some of the most relevant contemporary major theories of human cognition. Each theory is analyzed in terms of their origins, central idea, central theoretical elements, empirical evidence and major criticism. This analysis shows the advantages and disadvantages in each theoretical system, thus providing reasonable means for evaluating and comparing these proposals. The discussions are often supported by empirical research, mainly from fields such as cognitive science, cognitive neuroscience and artificial intelligence, and they are combined with rigorous theoretical and argument analysis. The content, therefore, can be helpful for many contemporary central debates concerning the topic of human cognition.
Contemporary Theories of Religion: A Critical Companion
by Michael StausbergInterest in theories of religion has never been greater. Scholars debate single theoretical approaches in different scholarly journals, while the ‘new atheists’ such as Richard Dawkins and Daniel Dennett criticize the whole idea of religion. For everyone eager to understand the current state of the field, Contemporary Theories of Religion surveys the neglected landscape in its totality. Michael Stausberg brings together leading scholars of the field to review and discuss seventeen contemporary theories of religion. As well as scholars of religion, it features anthropologists, archaeologists, classicists, evolutionary biologists, philosophers and sociologists. Each chapter provides students with background information on the theoretician, a presentation of the theory’s basic principles, an analysis of basic assumptions, and a review of previous critiques. Concluding with a section entitled 'Back and Forth', Stausberg compares the different theories and points to further avenues of discussion for the future.
Contemporary Trends in European Cooperative Banking: Sustainability, Governance, Digital Transformation, and Health Crisis Response
by Marco Migliorelli Eric LamarqueThe cooperative banks’ business model is unique in the financial market. It is featured by democratic foundations (one-head-one-vote principle), proximity to the members and the community they serve, limited profit-seeking nature, and prudent management. However, these principles are applied in a variety of organisational structures and economic and regulatory contexts, making cooperative banks significantly different from one country to another. This book expands existing knowledge on the European cooperative banking sector by analysing recent trends affecting cooperative banks. Namely, the book discusses the role of cooperative banks in the policy and societal movement towards sustainability, including in adopting sustainable finance practices. It explores the digital transformation journey of cooperative banks and the impact of the consolidation of Fintech players in the financial services markets. It further showcases the need to evolve the cooperative banks’ governance structures and processes in order to foster (and in some cases restore) democracy and transparency in the decision-making. Lastly, the book debates the specific role of cooperative banks in the economic crisis that has followed the unfolding of the Covid-19 pandemic vis-à-vis their members and the communities they serve. Of interest to scholars, professors, students, and practitioners of banking and finance, this book will build on the existing research and explore the latest trends in the space.
Contemporary and Emergent Theories of Agrammatism: A neurolinguistic approach
by Judit DruksContemporary and Emergent Theories of Agrammatism provides an in-depth review of the previous five decades of research on agrammatism focusing specifically on work which has been informed by linguistic theory. The final chapters reflect the recent turning point in the conceptualization of the underlying causes of the impairments agrammatic individuals present with. The book includes chapters on impairments to grammatical morphemes the tree pruning and trace deletion hypotheses verb deficits in sentences, and as single words generalized minimality adaptation theory and slow syntax the involvement of discourse To facilitate student reading the writing is clear and accessible, and the book includes a glossary of unfamiliar terms. Contemporary and Emergent Theories of Agrammatism will be of great interest to advanced students and researchers in areas such as psychology of language, linguistics, neurolinguistics, aphasiology and speech and language therapy.
Contemporary's, Top 50 Science Skills for Ged Success [Grade 9-12]
by Robert MitchellContemporary'sTop 50 . . . Skills for GED Successis a program designed toquicklyprepare students for the GED Tests. This Textbook can be used in a variety of ways: Student-directed self-study One-on-one instruction Group instruction Top 50 . . . Skills for GED Successorganizes each GED Test subject into 50 manageable skills, identified by the GED Testing Service. The format of each text is very easy to follow and is organized into instruction and practice sections. Pretest and Posttest The pretest contains a question for each of the skills most likely to be seen on the actual GED Test. The posttest is formatted just like the GED Test! Students can use the posttest to practice taking the GED test under real test-taking conditions, as well as an evaluation tool to determine readiness for the real GED Test. Lesson Format Each lesson in the text is introduced in a two-page format. The left page is the Skill Instruction page and the right page is the GED Readiness page. The GED Readiness page provides practice questions in the same format as the actual GED Test.
Content Essentials For Science, Student Handbook, Level C
by Margarita CalderonYour book has two parts, you can use the first part to learn about science topics. If you need help reading or writing about science, use the second part.
Contentious Geographies: Environmental Knowledge, Meaning, Scale (Routledge Studies in Environmental Policy and Practice)
by Maxwell T. BoykoffThe human-environment relationship - intimately intertwined and often contentious - is one of the most pressing concerns of the 21st century. Explored through an array of critical approaches, this book brings together case studies from across the globe to present significant cutting-edge research into political ecologies as they relate to multi-form contestations over environments, resources and livelihoods. Covering a range of issues, such as popular discourses of environmental 'collapse', climate change, water resource struggles, displacement, agro-food landscapes and mapping technologies, this edited volume works to provide a broad and critical understanding of the narratives and policies more subtly shaping and being shaped by underlying environmental conflicts. By exploring the power-laden processes by which environmental knowledge is generated, framed, communicated and interpreted, Contentious Geographies works to reveal how environmental conflicts can be (re)considered and thus (re)opened to enhance efforts to negotiate more sustainable environments and livelihoods.
Contest for Citizenship and Collective Violence During China’s Cultural Revolution (IPP Studies in the Frontiers of China’s Public Policy)
by Yang LijunThis book has been groundbreaking for scholars of the Cultural Revolution, but hitherto was only available in Japanese and Chinese. This edition allows English-language readers to access the work for the first time. The author explains how political struggles within the state, competing sectarian interests, and other complex factors intertwined to produce various forms of collective violence that had a major impact on the political, economic, and social order of the time.
Contested Development in China's Transition to an Innovation-driven Economy
by Yvette ToThis book investigates how technology and innovation policies in contemporary China are impacted by collaboration and conflicts between different classes and interests in a world economy, in which competitiveness is defined by the successful leverage of emerging technologies. Focussing on the actual processes and outcomes of technological upgrading in three dynamic sectors, the book presents an alternative approach to understanding China’s industrial upgrading strategies, by examining the ways in which the making and implementation of policies are shaped by political struggles between state actors and dominant capitalist interests in the context of global capitalism. In doing so, the book challenges influential institutionalist approaches as explanations of institutional change, positing instead a political economy framework grounded in social conflict theory to reveal how power relationships and politics are intrinsic to the evolution, form and function of institutions. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of international political economy, development studies, globalisation and innovation, China and Chinese politics, and public policy.
Contested Energy Futures: Capturing the Renewable Energy Surge in Australia
by Stuart RosewarneThis book unpacks the politics of climate change in Australia in the context of successive conservative Coalition governments resisting any moves to mitigate emissions and as local communities and transnational corporations struggle with each other to control the transition to a sustainable energy future. As Australia has abundant clean energy resources in terms of solar and wind, the book offers a test case for study of the energy policy transition in the 21st century. It does so by using tools from political economy and sociology, teasing out public attitudes to renewable energy technologies and innovative infrastructure investments, unpacking the complex parameters of this historical debate, tracing the rise of household 'prosumers' and arguing the case for grassroots ownership of renewable infrastructure or 'energy sovereignty' - already pioneered by some isolated communities in Australia. The cultural and emancipatory benefits of cooperative ventures are well known. However, capitalism is not readily defeated by democracy. The promotion of individual households as 'virtual power stations', of 'smart technologies' and even of cryptocurrency into the energy transition innovative mix opens up ever new horizons for corporate control.