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Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen: Ein kompakter Streifzug durch Recht, Technik und Ethik
by Alexandra Jorzig Frank SarangiDas Buch sensibilisiert den Praktiker für die rechtlichen Risiken, die die Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen mit sich bringt und bietet Lösungsansätze. Datenautobahnen, künstliche (arztersetzende) Behandlungsintelligenz, Pflegerobotor, Health Apps, weltumrundete Onlinesprechstunden in Echtzeit und Blockchain sind als Begriffe in der Medizin nicht mehr wegzudenken. Mit einem Marktvolumen von 58,8 Mrd. US-Dollar im Jahr 2020 stellt die Digitale Revolution auch einen ganz erheblichen Markt mit Chancen für den Gesundheitssektor dar. Digitalisierung soll dem Patienten dienen. Sie soll Prozesse optimieren, effizienter gestalten und hat sich dabei am Datenschutz zu orientieren. Wer haftet für künstliche Intelligenz? Kann künstliche Intelligenz überhaupt versichert werden? Wie lernt künstliche Intelligenz? Und brauchen wir in Zukunft überhaupt noch menschliches Personal? Mit Fallbeispielen und Checklisten bietet das Buch eine Unterstützung für den Praktiker im Alltag.
Digitalisierung und nachhaltige Entwicklung: Vernetztes Denken, Fühlen und Handeln für unsere Zukunft (essentials)
by Ronald DeckertNachhaltige Entwicklung und Digitalisierung sind heute integriert zu betrachten. In diesem Kontext dient die Entfaltung persönlicher Stärken zugleich individueller Entwicklung wie auch der Bewältigung großer gesellschaftlicher Herausforderungen. Hierfür sind Bewegung, Ernährung, Konsum, Besitz, Energie und Engagement (#BEKBEE) sowie im Kontext Strategischer Mensch-Maschine-Partnerschaft (#StratMMP) die Kategorien Sinngebung, Kontrolle, Teilhabe, Design, Interaktion, Vernetzung und Intelligenz bedeutsam. Lernen erfolgt lebenslang und lebensweit und dies vor allem auch geprägt durch Vernetzung. Verbunden hiermit fängt vernetztes und vernetzendes Denken, Fühlen und Handeln für wirksame Veränderung bei einem selber an und dies am besten jetzt.
Digitalisierung und Nachhaltigkeit (Theorie und Praxis der Nachhaltigkeit)
by Walter Leal FilhoSowohl die Digitalisierung wie auch das Thema Nachhaltigkeit haben für die Hochschulen in Deutschland zentrale Bedeutung. Sie stellen diese vor vielfältige Herausforderungen und eröffnen zugleich neue Perspektiven. Doch wie lassen sich Digitalisierung und Nachhaltigkeit im Kontext deutscher Hochschulen zusammen denken, Kriterien der Nachhaltigkeit im Digitalisierungsprozess einbinden und die Digitalisierung somit in den Dienst der Nachhaltigkeit stellen? Im Fokus dieses Bandes stehen die Mittel und Wege, um die Digitalisierung in der Lehre und Forschung im Bereich Nachhaltigkeit zu fördern und das Engagement der Hochschulen in den Bemühungen zur Umsetzung der digitalen Agenda der Bundesregierung zusammenzuführen. Darüber hinaus tragen die Beiträge von Lehrenden und Forschenden unterschiedlichster Disziplinen in diesem Band auch zu der allgemeinen Weiterentwicklung des zentralen Themas „Umsetzung der Sustainable Development Goals“ bei.Das Kapitel 1 wird auf link.springer.com unter der Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Lizenz veröffentlicht.
Digitalisierung und Recht: Retrospektive und Entwicklungslinien eines digitalen Wandels
by Maximilian WanderwitzDas Werk skizziert Entwicklungslinien eines digitalen Wandels, der Folge einer Verschränkung von Digitalisierung und Recht ist. Durch Retrospektiven, Beschreibungen gegenwärtiger Zustände und gelegentlichen Prognosen wird illustriert, wie sich diese Entwicklungslinien von der Vergangenheit bis in die Zukunft erstrecken. Besonders untersucht werden hierbei die Reaktionen des Rechts auf den digitalen Wandel, die Transformation des Rechts und rechtlicher Arbeit durch die Digitalisierung, die Rolle des Menschen als digital beeinflusstes und erfasstes Wesen sowie umfassende Transformationsprozesse, denen Verwaltung und Rechtsstaat unterworfen sind. Einen speziellen Schwerpunkt bilden daneben Aspekte zur Künstlichen Intelligenz: ihre Funktionsweise, ihre Risiken, ihre Regulierung sowie die Möglichkeit ihres Schutzes. In einen größeren Rahmen eingepasst wird dies alles durch die Erörterung rechtstheoretischer Problemstellungen, rechtsstaatlicher und verfassungsrechtlicher Fragen sowie gesellschaftspolitischer Aspekte. Zahlreiche praktische Beispiele, Grafiken und Übersichten runden das Werk ab
Digitalization and Analytics for Smart Plant Performance: Theory and Applications
by Frank (Xin ZhuThis book addresses the topic of integrated digitization of plants on an objective basis and in a holistic manner by sharing data, applying analytics tools and integrating workflows via pertinent examples from industry. It begins with an evaluation of current performance management practices and an overview of the need for a "Connected Plant" via digitalization followed by sections on "Connected Assets: Improve Reliability and Utilization," "Connected Processes: Optimize Performance and Economic Margin " and "Connected People: Digitalizing the Workforce and Workflows and Developing Ownership and Digital Culture," then culminating in a final section entitled "Putting All Together Into an Intelligent Digital Twin Platform for Smart Operations and Demonstrated by Application cases."
The Digitalization Conundrum in India: Applications, Access and Aberrations (India Studies in Business and Economics)
by Keshab Das Bhabani Shankar Prasad Mishra Madhabananda DasThis book examines the nature, extent and implications of rapid strides digitalization has made in India since the turn of the millennium. These have been examined not merely in the sphere of information and communication technology (ICT) but its multifarious applications spreading across almost all aspects of production, services and institutions which have profound repercussions for the transformation of the society and economy at the micro, meso and macro levels. With contributions from both ICT scholars and social scientists, this book presents diverse scenarios and unravels challenges faced in the process of technical applications, access by the users of these disruptive technologies (automation, e-commerce, big data analytics & algorithms, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, etc.) which, unlike heavy machines (embodied technology), mostly defy physical space, pace of mobility and inoperability between technologies. Chapters in this volume address challenges and possibilities in establishing and operating intricate engineering infrastructure, technical and societal constraints encountered in broad-basing digitalization across layers of educational and social skills conducive to difficult geographies. Issues dealt within this book include farming, healthcare, education, food processing, e-commerce, labour, rural community development, open source data and information democracy. The chapters also reflect upon implications on local economy and society, of the very global nature of these seamless technologies where inter-operability remains the quintessential advantage of digitalization whether promoted or spearheaded through the state, private sector or global capital. The book critiques policy inadequacies and suggests plausible policy approaches to reduce the adverse impacts of fast digitalization and broad-base potential benefits across space and levels of socio-economic development of regions and society. This book would be of interest to scholars, practitioners, technocrats, industry analysts, policy makers and civil society agencies.
Digitalization in Industry: Between Domination and Emancipation
by Uli Meyer Simon Schaupp David SeibtThis book traces how the current wave of industrial digitalization relates to processes of domination and emancipation. It aims to counter techno-deterministic narratives that would connect a perceived new ‘industrial revolution’ with clear-cut societal consequences. In order to do this, the volume intervenes into three ongoing discussions which pertain to emancipation and domination in the workplace, promises of emancipation through digital fabrication, and the idea of emancipating, configuring, and infrastructuring the users of industrial products. Within this framework it addresses topics including democratic participation, management thinking, gamification, the maker movement, reshoring, digital platforms, and the automation of healthcare.
digitalSTS: A Field Guide for Science & Technology Studies
by Janet Vertesi David RibesScholars across the humanities, social sciences, and information sciences are grappling with how best to study virtual environments, use computational tools in their research, and engage audiences with their results. Classic work in science and technology studies (STS) has played a central role in how these fields analyze digital technologies, but many of its key examples do not speak to today’s computational realities. This groundbreaking collection brings together a world-class group of contributors to refresh the canon for contemporary digital scholarship.In twenty-five pioneering and incisive essays, this unique digital field guide offers innovative new approaches to digital scholarship, the design of digital tools and objects, and the deployment of critically grounded technologies for analysis and discovery. Contributors cover a broad range of topics, including software development, hackathons, digitized objects, diversity in the tech sector, and distributed scientific collaborations. They discuss methodological considerations of social networks and data analysis, design projects that can translate STS concepts into durable scientific work, and much more.Featuring a concise introduction by Janet Vertesi and David Ribes and accompanied by an interactive microsite, this book provides new perspectives on digital scholarship that will shape the agenda for tomorrow’s generation of STS researchers and practitioners.
Digitising Democracy: On Reinventing Democracy in the Digital Era - A Legal, Political and Psychological Perspective
by Volker Boehme-NeßlerThis book argues that in the digital era, a reinvention of democracy is urgently necessary. It discusses the mounting evidence showing that digitalisation is pushing classical parliamentary democracy to its limits, offering examples such as how living in a filter bubble and debating with political bots is profoundly changing democratic communication, making it more emotional, hysterical even, and less rational. It also explores how classical democracy involves long, slow thinking and decision processes, which don’t fit to the ever-increasing speed of the digital world, and examines the technical developments some fear will lead to governance by algorithms.In the digitalised world, democracy no longer functions as it has in the past. This does not mean waving goodbye to democracy – instead we need to reinvent it. How this could work is the central theme of this book.
Digitization, Copyright and the Law: Copyleft and the Future of Intellectual Property (Routledge Research in Intellectual Property)
by Ettore M. LombardiThis book discusses copyleft and its impact on the traditional way to conceive of property. It is specifically focused on the European and international juridical framework.Analysing the impact of digitalization on copyright and the potential effect of copyleft in the European market and within a European and international juridical framework, this book explores the complex evolutionary framework which charts the reduction of physical property and the progressive expansion of intangible assets. Although digitalization enables more accessibility than ever before, this impacts traditional intellectual property frameworks. Evaluating common traits of ownership structure, the book considers the challenges that intangible property, open source and creative commons present to the current legal system. Examining the impact of copyleft on copyright and the law of ownership, the book considers the rights of authors and creators, legal limits and complications arising from these new forms of ownership of intangible assets. The book is grounded in the European potential regulatory framework of copyleft through movements like open-source software.The book will be of interest to students, academics and practitioners with an interest in contract law, property law and intellectual property law.
Dignity
by Donna HicksThe desire for dignity is universal and powerful. It is a motivating force behind all human interaction--in families, in communities, in the business world, and in relationships at the international level. When dignity is violated, the response is likely to involve aggression, even violence, hatred, and vengeance. On the other hand, when people treat one another with dignity, they become more connected and are able to create more meaningful relationships. Surprisingly, most people have little understanding of dignity, observes Donna Hicks in this important book. She examines the reasons for this gap and offers a new set of strategies for becoming aware of dignity's vital role in our lives and learning to put dignity into practice in everyday life. Drawing on her extensive experience in international conflict resolution and on insights from evolutionary biology, psychology, and neuroscience, the author explains what the elements of dignity are, how to recognize dignity violations, how to respond when we are not treated with dignity, how dignity can restore a broken relationship, why leaders must understand the concept of dignity, and more. Hicks shows that by choosing dignity as a way of life, we open the way to greater peace within ourselves and to a safer and more humane world for all.
Dignity: Its Essential Role in Resolving Conflict
by Donna HicksDrawing on her extensive experience in international conflict resolution and on insights from evolutionary biology, psychology, and neuroscience, Donna Hicks explains what the elements of dignity are, how to recognize dignity violations, how to respond when we are not treated with dignity, how dignity can restore a broken relationship, why leaders must understand the concept of dignity, and more. By choosing dignity as a way of life, Hicks shows, we open the way to greater peace within ourselves and to a safer and more humane world for all. For the Tenth Anniversary Edition of Dignity, Hicks has written a new preface that reflects on her experience helping communities and individuals understand the power of dignity and how it can lead to a more peaceful world. &“Anyone who understands the importance of personal feelings and their fuel for conflict should consider Dignity as a powerful advisory and motivational guide.&”—Midwest Book Review Winner of the 2012 Educator&’s Award, given by the Delta Kappa Gamma Society International.
Dijet Angular Distributions in Proton-Proton Collisions
by Nele BoelaertThis thesis is based on the first data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Its theme can be described as the classical Rutherford scattering experiment adapted to the LHC: measurement of scattering angles to search for new physics and substructure. At the LHC, colliding quarks and gluons exit the proton collisions as collimated particle showers, or jets. The thesis presents studies of the scattering angles of these jets. It includes a phenomenological study at the LHC design energy of 14 TeV, where a model of so-called large extra dimensions is used as a benchmark process for the sensitivity to new physics. The experimental result is the first measurement, made in 2010, by ATLAS, operating at the LHC start-up energy of 7 TeV. The result is compatible with the Standard Model and demonstrates how well the physics and the apparatus are understood. The first data is a tiny fraction of what will be accumulated in the coming years, and this study has set the stage for performing these measurements with confidence as the LHC accumulates luminosity and increases its energy, thereby probing smaller length scales.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy: From Genetics to Clinical Management
by Gianfranco Sinagra Marco Merlo Bruno PinamontiThis open access book presents a comprehensive overview of dilated cardiomyopathy, providing readers with practical guidelines for its clinical management. The first part of the book analyzes in detail the disease’s pathophysiology, its diagnostic work up as well as the prognostic stratification, and illustrates the role of genetics and gene-environment interaction. The second part presents current and future treatment options, highlighting the importance of long-term and individualized treatments and follow-up.Furthermore, it discusses open issues, such as the apparent healing phenomenon, the early prognosis of arrhythmic events or the use of genetic testing in clinical practice.Offering a multidisciplinary approach for optimizing the clinical management of DCM, this book is an invaluable aid not only for the clinical cardiologists, but for all physicians involved in the care of this challenging disease.
The Dilemma of Boundaries
by Makoto Taniguchi Takayuki ShiraiwaWater circulates continuously and seamlessly on Earth with little regard for the boundaries we draw. There are natural boundaries as between land and ocean and surface and subsurface environments, as well as human or demographic boundaries between nations, cultures, and religions. Although considered necessary by societies, these human-created boundaries disrupt natural water circulation, leading to serious water-related environmental problems. The dilemma of how to manage water beyond our boundaries remains, and nations have different ways and means of controlling each form of water, whether as vapor, surface water, groundwater, or seawater. Recent findings on the interaction of water from land, oceans, and the atmosphere encourage researchers to undertake collaborative work that goes beyond the boundaries of each discipline, be it oceanography, surface and subsurface hydrology, climatology, or glaciology. Drawing on all these fields, the book focuses on two major boundaries: that between surface water and ground water, and that between terrestrial water and ocean water. This comprehensive work is of great value to experts in academia, international organizations, consulting firms, water resources, fisheries, and urban development planning agencies.
Dilemmas: Coping with Environmental Problems (Routledge Library Editions: Environmental Policy #3)
by Graham BennettFirst published in 1992. Why are environmental problems, problems? Usually, says Graham Bennett. because the interests of the polluter are incompatible with the preservation of the environment. A hunter of whales, no matter how concerned about their decline, will always need to kill again, and a government, no matter how worried about the effects of its polluting industry, will still fight to keep it going. In this fascinating book the author takes six examples as far apart as the Rhine and the Arctic, as Tennessee and the Gulf of Genoa, to illustrate his point. In doing so he shows up the dilemmas facing those who are fighting to improve matters. He demonstrates the degree of duplicity exercised by those in power in order to preserve their interests, but he also shows how often environmental problems emerge simply because of muddle. These riveting stories describe not just the well-known effects of pollution or environmental destruction, but the ways in which the problems arise and the circumstances and complexity of the questions to be resolved. Whatever the concern - the preservation of the Bowhead Whale, or dumping salt in the Rhine - this book is a must for every environmentalist.
The Dilemmas of an Upright Man: Max Planck and the Fortunes of German Science, With a New Afterword
by J. L. HeilbronIn this moving and eloquent portrait, Heilbron describes how the founder of quantum theory rose to the pinnacle of German science. He shows how Planck suffered morally and intellectually as his lifelong habit of service to his country and to physics was confronted by the realities of World War I and the brutalities of the Third Reich.
Dilemmas of Energy Transitions in the Global South: Balancing Urgency and Justice (Routledge Explorations in Energy Studies)
by Ankit Kumar, Johanna Höffken and Auke PolsThis book explores how, in the wake of the Anthropocene, the growing call for urgent decarbonisation and accelerated energy transitions might have unintended consequences for energy poverty, justice and democracy, especially in the global South. Dilemmas of Energy Transitions in the Global South brings together theoretical and empirical contributions focused on rethinking energy transitions conceptually from and for the global South, and highlights issues of justice and inclusivity. It argues that while urgency is critical for energy transitions in a climate-changed world, we must be wary of conflating goals and processes, and enquire what urgency means for due process. Drawing from a range of authors with expertise spanning environmental justice, design theory, ethics of technology, conflict and gender, it examines case studies from countries including Bolivia, Sri Lanka, India, The Gambia and Lebanon in order to expand our understanding of what energy transitions are, and how just energy transitions can be done in different parts of the world. Overall, driven by a postcolonial and decolonial sensibility, this book brings to the fore new concepts and ideas to help balance the demands of justice and urgency, to flag relevant but often overlooked issues, and to provide new pathways forward. This volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of energy transitions, environmental justice, climate change and developing countries.
Dimensión desconocida: El hiperespacio y la física moderna
by Gerardo Herrera CorralUn libro sobre la naturaleza del tiempo y el espacio, y la exploración científica de otras dimensiones. Y si existiera una cuarta dimensión espacial que no pudiéramos percibir? ¿Y si el tiempo, que nos parece una realidad implacable, no fuera más que una ilusión de nuestra mente? ¿Y si nuestro universo fuera sólo uno de los muchos que integran un complejo multiverso inflacionario? Estas preguntas, que parecieran derivadas de un guion de ciencia ficción o propias de un temperamento esotérico, constituyen algunos de los planteamientos más rigurosos de la física moderna. Y son la fascinante materia de este libro.La ciencia lleva más de un siglo explorando el hiperespacio, es decir, considerando la existencia real de un espacio con cuatro o más dimensiones. En Dimensión desconocida, Gerardo Herrera Corral revisa los momentos más importantes de esa aventura, tanto teórica como experimental: desde la fusión del tiempo y el espacio en una sola entidad —por parte de teoría de la relatividad—, pasando por la primera propuesta de una dimensión adicional —en un intento por unificar la gravedad y el electromagnetismo—,hasta llegar a las 26 dimensiones que postula la teoría de cuerdas, que luego serían reducidas a 10, debido a la supersimetría. Quizás esas otras dimensiones son demasiado grandes o demasiado pequeñas y por ello no hemos podido detectarlas. Sin embargo, si llegara a comprobarse su existencia, cambiaría para siempre nuestra noción de la realidad, pues, como nos recuerda Herrera Corral, el tiempo y el espacio son más que el simple escenario
Dimension Reduced Modeling of Blood Flow in Large Arteries: An Introduction for Master Students and First Year Doctoral Students (Mathematical Engineering)
by Tobias Köppl Rainer HelmigThis monograph contains an in-depth and coherent treatment of dimension-reduced modeling of blood flows on the level of large vessels (macrocirculation). The authors reduce the complexity by combining a one-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation and a simplified FSI-concept. The influence of omitted vessels, which are subsequent to the outlets of larger vessels, is accounted for by systems of ordinary differential equations (0D models). The target audience primarily comprises research experts in the field of biomedical engineering, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students alike.
Dimensional Analysis: Examples of the Use of Symmetry
by Hans G. HornungDerived from a course in fluid mechanics, this text for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students employs symmetry arguments to demonstrate the principles of dimensional analysis. The examples provided illustrate the effectiveness of symmetry arguments in obtaining the mathematical form of the functions yielded by dimensional analysis. Students will find these methods applicable to a wide field of interests.After discussing several examples of method, the text examines pipe flow, material properties, gasdynamical examples, body in nonuniform flow, and turbulent flow. Additional topics include waves on a free liquid surface, examples with other fluid properties, and ideal gas equations of state. Figures appear throughout the text, which concludes with a bibliography.
Dimensional Analysis
by Qing-Ming TanDimensional analysis is an essential scientific method and a powerful tool for solving problems in physics and engineering. This book starts by introducing the Pi Theorem, which is the theoretical foundation of dimensional analysis. It also provides ample and detailed examples of how dimensional analysis is applied to solving problems in various branches of mechanics. The book covers the extensive findings on explosion mechanics and impact dynamics contributed by the author's research group over the past forty years at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The book is intended for research scientists and engineers working in the fields of physics and engineering, as well as graduate students and advanced undergraduates of the related fields. Qing-Ming Tan is a former Professor at the Institute of Mechanics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
Dimensional Analysis and Self-Similarity Methods for Engineers and Scientists
by Bahman ZohuriThis ground-breaking reference provides an overview of key concepts in dimensional analysis, and then pushes well beyond traditional applications in fluid mechanics to demonstrate how powerful this tool can be in solving complex problems across many diverse fields. Of particular interest is the book's coverage of dimensional analysis and self-similarity methods in nuclear and energy engineering. Numerous practical examples of dimensional problems are presented throughout, allowing readers to link the book's theoretical explanations and step-by-step mathematical solutions to practical implementations.
Dimensional Analysis and Similarity in Fluid Mechanics
by Nord-Eddine Sad ChemloulDimensional analysis is the basis for the determination of laws that allow the experimental results obtained on a model to be transposed to the fluid system at full scale (a prototype). The similarity in fluid mechanics then allows for better redefinition of the analysis by removing dimensionless elements. This book deals with these two tools, with a focus on the Rayleigh method and the Vaschy-Buckingham method. It deals with the homogeneity of the equations and the conversion between the systems of units SI and CGS, and presents the dimensional analysis approach, before addressing the similarity of flows. Dimensional Analysis and Similarity in Fluid Mechanics proposes a scale model and presents numerous exercises combining these two methods. It is accessible to students from their first year of a bachelor's degree.
Dimensional Analysis Beyond the Pi Theorem
by Bahman ZohuriDimensional Analysis and Physical Similarity are well understood subjects, and the general concepts of dynamical similarity are explained in this book. Our exposition is essentially different from those available in the literature, although it follows the general ideas known as Pi Theorem. There are many excellent books that one can refer to; however, dimensional analysis goes beyond Pi theorem, which is also known as Buckingham's Pi Theorem. Many techniques via self-similar solutions can bound solutions to problems that seem intractable. A time-developing phenomenon is called self-similar if the spatial distributions of its properties at different points in time can be obtained from one another by a similarity transformation, and identifying one of the independent variables as time. However, this is where Dimensional Analysis goes beyond Pi Theorem into self-similarity, which has represented progress for researchers. In recent years there has been a surge of interest in self-similar solutions of the First and Second kind. Such solutions are not newly discovered; they have been identified and named by Zel'dovich, a famous Russian Mathematician in 1956. They have been used in the context of a variety of problems, such as shock waves in gas dynamics, and filtration through elasto-plastic materials. Self-Similarity has simplified computations and the representation of the properties of phenomena under investigation. It handles experimental data, reduces what would be a random cloud of empirical points to lie on a single curve or surface, and constructs procedures that are self-similar. Variables can be specifically chosen for the calculations.