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Dopamine Nation: Finding Balance in the Age of Indulgence
by Dr. Anna LembkeINSTANT NEW YORK TIMES and LOS ANGELES TIMES BESTSELLER&“Brilliant . . . riveting, scary, cogent, and cleverly argued.&”—Beth Macy, author of Dopesick,as heard on Fresh AirThis book is about pleasure. It&’s also about pain. Most important, it&’s about how to find the delicate balance between the two, and why now more than ever finding balance is essential. We&’re living in a time of unprecedented access to high-reward, high-dopamine stimuli: drugs, food, news, gambling, shopping, gaming, texting, sexting, Facebooking, Instagramming, YouTubing, tweeting . . . The increased numbers, variety, and potency is staggering. The smartphone is the modern-day hypodermic needle, delivering digital dopamine 24/7 for a wired generation. As such we&’ve all become vulnerable to compulsive overconsumption. In Dopamine Nation, Dr. Anna Lembke, psychiatrist and author, explores the exciting new scientific discoveries that explain why the relentless pursuit of pleasure leads to pain . . . and what to do about it. Condensing complex neuroscience into easy-to-understand metaphors, Lembke illustrates how finding contentment and connectedness means keeping dopamine in check. The lived experiences of her patients are the gripping fabric of her narrative. Their riveting stories of suffering and redemption give us all hope for managing our consumption and transforming our lives. In essence, Dopamine Nation shows that the secret to finding balance is combining the science of desire with the wisdom of recovery.
Dopamine Receptor Technologies
by Mario TiberiTo foster a better understanding of dopamine receptor functionality, this detailed volume creates an interface between updated classical methods and new emerging technologies heretofore not available to new or seasoned researchers. Divided in five sections dedicated to experimental approaches investigating different facets of dopaminergic signal transduction, Dopamine Receptor Technologies covers epigenetic and post-transcriptional analysis, computational and biochemical techniques, visualization and imaging methods, molecular and cell biological tools, as well as behavioral assessment. The book, as a part of the popular Neuromethods series, provides insightful step-by-step protocols and methodological reviews that readers will find useful. Practical and versatile, Dopamine Receptor Technologies seeks to aid researchers in developing new pharmacological tools to improve our knowledge of in vivo roles played by each receptor subtype and the synthesis of prospective lead compounds for drug discovery.
Dopamine Receptors and Transporters: Function, Imaging and Clinical Implication, Second Edition
by Philippe Vernier Anita Sidhu Marc Laruelle"Details the function, characterization, and physiology of various dopamine receptor/transporter systems and explores their role in etiology, diagnosis, and disease management."
Dopamine and Sleep
by Jaime M. Monti S. R. Pandi-Perumal S. ChokrovertyThis book offers a comprehensive but highly readable compilation of papers on the role of dopamine in sleep and sleep disorders. Leading experts in sleep medicine, psychiatry and neuroendocrinology provide a broad perspective on the field, from established theories to the latest research advances. Accordingly, it represents an interdisciplinary, cutting-edge guide for sleep disorder specialists, sleep researchers, psychiatrists, neurologists, pulmonologists, psychologists, and behavioral sleep medicine specialists.
Dopamine in the Gut
by Jin-Xia ZhuDopamine is widely present in the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as in non-nervous systems. Parkinson's disease is well recognized as a dopaminergic neurodegenerative disorder, and affected patients often show early signs of gastrointestinal disorders at initial stages of the disease. Apart from the changes that occur in emotion, movement behaviors, learning and memory, metabolism etc., dopamine has also been demonstrated to play very crucial roles in the functional regulation of peripheral organs such as the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, and gut. Most recently, dopamine function in the gut has received enormous attention. Not only does dopamine regulate gut motility, ion transport, and mucosal barrier, but it is becoming more pertinent that more than 60% of dopamine in the body stems from the gut, which has not yet been properly addressed and substantially explored. Therefore, this book will discuss the brain-gut axis by providing novel and significant insight into the essence of gut-derived dopamine in mammals. It aims to inspire further research on dopaminergic regulation of gut function and disease genesis.
Dopamine: Endocrine and Oncogenic Functions
by Nira Ben-JonathanDopamine is a small molecule traditionally regarded as a brain-derived neuronal modulator implicated in many neurological and psychiatric disorders. Outside the brain, dopamine fulfills all the criteria of a circulating hormone which affects normal and abnormal functions of multiple organs and regulatory systems and is also involved in many aspects of cancer formation and progression. This book provides a much needed systematic account of dopamine as an endocrine and autocrine/paracrine hormone and fills a major gap in the overall understanding of the production, distribution and actions of this very important molecule. Key Features: Explores the many different faces of dopamine as autocrine, paracrine and endocrine molecule Documents the adverse effects of antipsychotics on dopamine functions Reviews the many ways dopamine affects the cardiovascular, renal and reproductive systems Provides updates on receptor oligomerization and signaling Examines the role of dopamine in tumorigenesis Related Titles Jones, S. ed. Dopamine - Glutamate Interactions in the Basal Ganglia (ISBN 978-0-3673-8197-4) Luo, L. Principles of Neurobiology (ISBN 978-0-8153-4494-0) Sidhu, A. et al., eds. Dopamine Receptors and Transporters (ISBN 978-0-8247-0854-2)
Dopants and Defects in Semiconductors
by Matthew D. McCluskey Eugene E. HallerPraise for the First Edition "The book goes beyond the usual textbook in that it provides more specific examples of real-world defect physics … an easy reading, broad introductory overview of the field" ―Materials Today "… well written, with clear, lucid explanations …"―Chemistry World This revised edition provides the most complete, up-to-date coverage of the fundamental knowledge of semiconductors, including a new chapter that expands on the latest technology and applications of semiconductors. In addition to inclusion of additional chapter problems and worked examples, it provides more detail on solid-state lighting (LEDs and laser diodes). The authors have achieved a unified overview of dopants and defects, offering a solid foundation for experimental methods and the theory of defects in semiconductors. Matthew D. McCluskey is a professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy and Materials Science Program at Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, Washington. He received a Physics Ph.D. from the University of California (UC), Berkeley. Eugene E. Haller is a professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, and a member of the National Academy of Engineering. He received a Ph.D. in Solid State and Applied Physics from the University of Basel, Switzerland.
Doping in Conjugated Polymers (Polymer Science and Plastics Engineering)
by Pradip KarAn A-to-Z of doping including its definition, its importance, methods of measurement, advantages and disadvantages, properties and characteristics—and role in conjugated polymers The versatility of polymer materials is expanding because of the introduction of electro-active behavior into the characteristics of some of them. The most exciting development in this area is related to the discovery of intrinsically conductive polymers or conjugated polymers, which include such examples as polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene as well as their derivatives. "Synmet" or "synthetic metal" conjugated polymers, with their metallic characteristics, including conductivity, are of special interest to researchers. An area of limitless potential and application, conjugated polymers have sparked enormous interest, beginning in 2000 when the Nobel Prize for the discovery and development of electrically conducting conjugated polymers was awarded to three scientists: Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, and Hideki Shirakawa. Conjugated polymers have a combination of properties—both metallic (conductivity) and polymeric; doping gives the conjugated polymer's semiconducting a wide range of conductivity, from insulating to low conducting. The doping process is a tested effective method for producing conducting polymers as semiconducting material, providing a substitute for inorganic semiconductors. Doping in Conjugated Polymers is the first book dedicated to the subject and offers a comprehensive A-to-Z overview. It details doping interaction, dopant types, doping techniques, and the influence of the dopant on applications. It explains how the performance of doped conjugated polymers is greatly influenced by the nature of the dopants and their level of distribution within the polymer, and shows how the electrochemical, mechanical, and optical properties of the doped conjugated polymers can be tailored by controlling the size and mobility of the dopants counter ions. The book also examines doping at the nanoscale, in particular, with carbon nanotubes. Readership The book will interest a broad range of researchers including chemists, electrochemists, biochemists, experimental and theoretical physicists, electronic and electrical engineers, polymer and materials scientists. It can also be used in both graduate and upper-level undergraduate courses on conjugated polymers and polymer technology.
Doping in Sports
by Peter Hemmersbach Detlef ThiemeDoping in sports and the fight against it has gained increasing attention in recent years. The pharmacological basis for a possible performance enhancement in competitive sport through the administration of prohibited substances and methods as well as the analytical disclosure of such practices are comprehensively covered in 21 contributions by outstanding and distinctive authors.
Doping of Carbon Nanotubes
by Sergey Bulyarskiy Alexandr SaurovThis book addresses the control of electronic properties of carbon nanotubes. It presents thermodynamic calculations of the formation of impurities and defects in the interaction of nanotubes with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and boron, based on theoretical models of the formation of defects in carbon nanotubes. It is shown that doping and adsorption lead to changes in the electronic structure of the tubes as well as to the appearance of impurity states in the HOMO-LUMO gap. The book presents examples of specific calculations for doping of carbon nanotubes with oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and boron, together with numerous experimental results and a comparison with the author's thermodynamic calculations. Possible directions of the technological processes of optimization are pointed out, as well as the perspectives of p-n-transition creation with the help of carbon nanotube arrays. The results presented were derived from the physics of the processes and a theoretical model of the technological processes. Though a wealth of empirical information on doping nanotubes has been accumulated in the scientific literature, what is lacking is a theoretical model for their analysis. As such, the book develops a thermodynamic model of the self-organization of structural elements in multicomponent systems - including carbon nanotubes, clusters and precipitates in condensed matter - and subsequently adapts it to the doping of carbon nanotubes. This approach allows readers to gain a far deeper understanding of the processes of doping carbon nanotubes.
Doppler Radar Physiological Sensing
by Byung-Kwon Park Olga Boric-Lubecke Victor M. Lubecke Aditya Singh Amy D. DroitcourPresents a comprehensive description of the theory and practical implementation of Doppler radar-based physiological monitoring This book includes an overview of current physiological monitoring techniques and explains the fundamental technology used in remote non-contact monitoring methods. Basic radio wave propagation and radar principles are introduced along with the fundamentals of physiological motion and measurement. Specific design and implementation considerations for physiological monitoring radar systems are then discussed in detail. The authors address current research and commercial development of Doppler radar based physiological monitoring for healthcare and other applications. Explains pros and cons of different Doppler radar architectures, including CW, FMCW, and pulsed Doppler radar Discusses nonlinear demodulation methods, explaining dc offset, dc information, center tracking, and demodulation enabled by dc cancellation Reviews advanced system architectures that address issues of dc offset, spectrum folding, motion interference, and range resolution Covers Doppler radar physiological measurements demonstrated to date, from basic cardiopulmonary rate extractions to more involved volume assessments Doppler Radar Physiological Sensing serves as a fundamental reference for radar, biomedical, and microwave engineers as well as healthcare professionals interested in remote physiological monitoring methods. Olga Boric-Lubecke, PhD, is a Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, and an IEEE Fellow. She is widely recognized as a pioneer and leader in microwave radar technologies for non-contact cardiopulmonary monitoring, and in the design of integrated circuits for biomedical applications. Victor M. Lubecke, PhD, is a Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. He is an emeritus IEEE Distinguished Microwave Lecturer and has over 25 years of experience in research and development of devices and methods for radio-based remote sensing systems. Amy Droitcour, PhD, has spent ten years developing radar-based vital signs measurement technology through her dissertation research and leading product development as CTO of Kai Medical. She currently serves as Senior Vice President of R&D at Wave 80 Biosciences. Byung-Kwon-Park, PhD, is a senior research engineer at the Mechatronics R&D Center in Korea. Aditya Singh, PhD, is currently a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Hawaii Neuroscience and MRI research Program.
Doppler Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
by Dev Maulik Christoph C. LeesExpanded and updated edition highlighting current standards and breakthroughs in the technology of Doppler ultrasound Includes latest advances in 3D and color doppler and 4D fetal echocardiography Includes more than 500 illustrations, including more than 150 in color
Doppler-Effekt und Rotverschiebung: Klassische Theorie und Einsteinsche Effekte (essentials)
by Helmut Günther Volker MüllerDer Doppler-Effekt ist die Frequenzänderung von Wellen bei einer Relativgeschwindigkeit von Sender und Empfänger. So wird die Sirene einer Feuerwehr bei einer Vorbeifahrt deutlich tiefer. Der klassische Doppler-Effekt erlaubt es, den Bewegungszustand des Trägermediums der Wellen zu bestimmen. Für Licht im Vakuum ist die relativistische Gangverzögerung einer bewegten Uhr zu berücksichtigen. Die Frequenzverschiebung hängt dann nur von der Relativgeschwindigkeit ab. Es gibt keinen Bewegungszustand des Vakuums. Der Leser wird in die Lichtausbreitung in Gravitationsfeldern eingeführt. Die Autoren demonstrieren, dass Licht von kompakten Quellen eine gravitative Rotverschiebung erfährt und dass um Schwarze Löcher eine unendliche Rotverschiebung zu beobachten ist. Der Leser erfährt, warum im Kosmos zusätzlich eine kosmologische Rotverschiebung auftritt.
Dormancy and Resistance in Harsh Environments
by Melody Clark Esther Lubzens Joan CerdaMany organisms have evolved the ability to enter into and revive from a dormant state. They can survive for long periods in this state (often even months to years), yet can become responsive again within minutes or hours. This is often, but not necessarily, associated with desiccation. Preserving one's body and reviving it in future generations is a dream of mankind. To date, however, we have failed to learn how cells, tissues or entire organisms can be made dormant or be effectively revived at ambient temperatures. In this book studies on organisms, ranging from aquatic cyanobacteria that produce akinetes to hibernating mammals, are presented, and reveal common but also divergent physiological and molecular pathways for surviving in a dormant form or for tolerating harsh environments. Attempting to learn the functions associated with dormancy and how they are regulated is one of the great future challenges. Its relevance to the preservation of cells and tissues is one of the key concerns of this book.
Dormancy in Aquatic Organisms. Theory, Human Use and Modeling: Theory, Human Use And Modeling (Monographiae Biologicae #92)
by Victor R. Alekseev Bernadette Pinel-AlloulThis is the second volume on dormancy in aquatic organisms. The book is divided into three parts whereby the first part is devoted to several groups of aquatic organisms which are under-studied in terms of the dormancy’s role in the life cycle. The second part looks at the use of dormancy phenomena in science and potential human applications. Furthermore, part 3 comprises of examples of using modeling in relation to dormancy phenomenon and it opens with a theoretical analysis of studies of biological information, including seasonal information. This work can be used as a text book for students as well as a manual for science and practice purposes in ecology, aquaculture, nature protection and space researches with regards to creating ecological life supporting systems and discovering extraterrestrial life on other planets with harsh environmental conditions.
Dormilones de verano (Spanish Edition): Animales aletargados
by Melissa Stewart¡Edición en español! Todos sabemos que hay animales que hibernan en el invierno. Pero, es momento de descubrir los animales que duermen todo el verano. Una fascinante lectura de no ficción para niños de 6 a 9 años que aman los animales y la naturaleza, ¡y que quieren aprender sobre las diferentes especies que dormitan en verano!Spanish language edition! Everyone knows about animals that hibernate in the winter. But it's time to discover animals that sleep all summer long.A fascinating nonfiction read for 6-9-year-old kids who love animals and nature and want to learn about the different species that estivate!En todas las clases de ciencias se discute sobre los animales que hibernan durante los meses de invierno, pero pocos saben sobre los animales que practican la estivación, un sueño prolongado durante los periodos calientes o secos.La doble capa textual ayuda a los lectores a darse cuenta de las razones por las cuales los animales aletargados dormitan, ya sea porque el clima cálido amenaza el suministro de alimentos o para evitar el aumento de la temperatura corporal.Desde la mariquita hasta la salamandra, desde el pez pulmonado africano hasta el erizo del desierto, aprende sobre doce animales que estivan y sus hábitos, tanto mientras duermen como cuando están despiertos, explicado mediante un texto claro e ilustraciones elegantes en acuarela.All science classrooms discuss animals that hibernate during winter months, but few know about animals that estivate—a prolonged sleep during hot or dry periods.Dual layers of text awaken readers to the reasons estivating animals become dormant—whether it's because warm weather threatens food supply or to avoid increased body temperatures.From the ladybug to the salamander, from the lungfish to the desert hedgehog, learn about twelve estivating animals and their habits—both when sleeping and awake—explained through clear text and elegant watercolor illustrations.
Dorothy Vaughan: NASA's Leading Human Computer (Movers, Shakers, and History Makers)
by Deirdre R. HeadIn 1949, Dorothy Vaughan became the first African American woman to lead a team at NASA's Langley Research Center. Her work as a mathematician was an important part of helping the United States explore space. Learn more about Vaughan's life as a famous mathematician!
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex: Working Memory and Executive Functions (Brain Science)
by Shintaro FunahashiThe prefrontal cortex is known to play important roles for performing a variety of higher cognitive functions. Among regions of the prefrontal cortex, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays the most important roles for these functions. This book focuses on functions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, summarizes research results obtained mainly by non-human primate studies, and describes neural mechanisms of executive functions that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex participates. First, to understand the feature of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and how its function has been understood, anatomical and functional features of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and historical overview of prefrontal functions are described. To understand functions of the prefrontal cortex and neural mechanisms of executive functions, working memory is an important concept and sustained activation during the memory period of working memory tasks is known as a neural mechanism of working memory. Therefore, this book describes features of sustained memory-related activity based on neurophysiological results obtained in the prefrontal cortex and how memory-related activity contributes to executive functions including control of attention, inhibitory control, task management, and planning. And further, this book describes how the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contributes to neural mechanisms for sensory and motor processing, memory control in multi-task performance, decision-making, metacognition, and top-down control. Thus, this book provides important information regarding neural mechanisms of dorsolateral prefrontal functions to neuroscientists and helps to plan further investigation to understand prefrontal functions in primates and human subjects.
Dose Optimization in Digital Radiography and Computed Tomography: An Essential Guide
by Euclid SeeramThis book addresses radiation protection of patients having digital radiography and computed tomography (CT) examinations. The literature on radiation doses to patients from these two modalities have reported that the doses to patients are high. As a result, the radiology community has focused on methods and procedures to keep these doses as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) without compromising the diagnostic image quality. This book outlines the motivation for dose optimization in radiology, identifies and describes the ICRP principle of optimization, outlines the factors affecting the dose in digital radiography and in CT, and identifies and describes strategies used in digital radiography and in CT for dose optimization.This book is intended for all those working in digital radiography and CT environments including radiological technologists, and radiographers, radiologists, biomedical engineering technologists, and student medical physicists. It is best used as a supplement to radiologic science textbooks, and in particular, radiation protection textbooks. Furthermore, this book lays the foundations for students and practitioners engaged in research on dose reduction and dose optimization in radiology.· Provides practical and useful methods for optimization of doses from digital radiography and CT · Describes the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) principle of optimization · Outlines the factors affecting the dose in digital radiography and in computed tomography
Dose Optimization in Drug Development (Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences)
by Rajesh KrishnaThis reference provides a concise overview of the key principles in dose selection and optimization and demonstrates applicability to recent successful new drug applications. Compiling key issues and current research on safety, efficacy, and clinical pharmacology, and PK-PD, this volume critically highlights the multidisciplinary nature of drug dev
Dose, Benefit, and Risk in Medical Imaging (Imaging in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy)
by Lawrence T. Dauer Bae P. Chu Pat B. ZanzonicoThis timely overview of dose, benefit, and risk in medical imaging explains to readers how to apply this information for informed decision-making that improves patient outcomes. The chapters cover patient and physician perspectives, referral guidelines, appropriateness criteria, and quantifying medical imaging benefits. The authors have included essential discussion about radiologic physics in medical imaging, fundamentals of dose and image quality, risk assessment, and techniques for optimization and dose reduction. The book highlights practical implementation aspects with useful case studies and checklists for treatment planning. Clinicians, students, residents, and professionals in medical physics, biomedical engineering, radiology, oncology, and allied disciplines will find this book an essential resource with the following key features: Discusses risk, benefit, dose optimization, safety, regulation, radiological protection, and shared & informed decision-making. Covers regulatory oversight by government agencies, manufacturers, and societies. Highlights best practices for improving patient safety and outcomes. Gives guidelines on doses associated with specific procedures.
Dose-Finding Designs for Early-Phase Cancer Clinical Trials: A Brief Guidebook to Theory and Practice (SpringerBriefs in Statistics)
by Shigeyuki Matsui Akihiro Hirakawa Takashi DaimonThis book provides a comprehensive introduction to statistical methods for designing early phase dose-finding clinical trials. It will serve as a textbook or handbook for graduate students and practitioners in biostatistics and clinical investigators who are involved in designing, conducting, monitoring, and analyzing dose-finding trials. The book will also provide an overview of advanced topics and discussions in this field for the benefit of researchers in biostatistics and statistical science. Beginning with backgrounds and fundamental notions on dose finding in early phase clinical trials, the book then provides traditional and recent dose-finding designs of phase I trials for, e.g., cytotoxic agents in oncology, to evaluate toxicity outcome. Included are rule-based and model-based designs, such as 3 + 3 designs, accelerated titration designs, toxicity probability interval designs, continual reassessment method and related designs, and escalation overdose control designs. This book also covers more complex and updated dose-finding designs of phase I-II and I/II trials for cytotoxic agents, and cytostatic agents, focusing on both toxicity and efficacy outcomes, such as designs with covariates and drug combinations, maximum tolerated dose-schedule finding designs, and so on.
Dose-Response Analysis Using R (Chapman & Hall/CRC The R Series)
by Christian Ritz Signe Marie Jensen Daniel Gerhard Jens Carl StreibigNowadays the term dose-response is used in many different contexts and many different scientific disciplines including agriculture, biochemistry, chemistry, environmental sciences, genetics, pharmacology, plant sciences, toxicology, and zoology.In the 1940 and 1950s, dose-response analysis was intimately linked to evaluation of toxicity in terms of binary responses, such as immobility and mortality, with a limited number of doses of a toxic compound being compared to a control group (dose 0). Later, dose-response analysis has been extended to other types of data and to more complex experimental designs. Moreover, estimation of model parameters has undergone a dramatic change, from struggling with cumbersome manual operations and transformations with pen and paper to rapid calculations on any laptop. Advances in statistical software have fueled this development.Key Features: Provides a practical and comprehensive overview of dose-response analysis. Includes numerous real data examples to illustrate the methodology. R code is integrated into the text to give guidance on applying the methods. Written with minimal mathematics to be suitable for practitioners. Includes code and datasets on the book’s GitHub: https://github.com/DoseResponse. This book focuses on estimation and interpretation of entirely parametric nonlinear dose-response models using the powerful statistical environment R. Specifically, this book introduces dose-response analysis of continuous, binomial, count, multinomial, and event-time dose-response data. The statistical models used are partly special cases, partly extensions of nonlinear regression models, generalized linear and nonlinear regression models, and nonlinear mixed-effects models (for hierarchical dose-response data). Both simple and complex dose-response experiments will be analyzed.
Dosimetry in Bioelectromagnetics
by Marko MarkovDosimetry refers to the calculation and assessment of the radiation dose received by the human body. The proposed book will place emphasis on the existence of physical and biophysical dosimetry. It will be discussed for the proper description and evaluation of the signal at the power generation system. It will cover in detail 10 different parameters of EMF (electromagnetism) exposure such as amplitude, frequency, vector, time of exposure, orientation, etc. In most published papers, these parameters are not well defined.
Dot & Jabber and the Great Acorn Mystery (Dot & Jabber)
by Ellen Stoll WalshDot and Jabber are mouse detectives with a mission: They’re determined to find out how a little oak tree grew in their field when there are no other oak trees around. They know it grew from an acorn, but how did the acorn get there? Dot and Jabber have a case to crack--if Jabber doesn’t eat the clues first! Ellen Stoll Walsh, creator of the popular Mouse Paint mice, introduces two new mice who love mysteries. Full of curiosity and humor, Dot and Jabber track clues to solve science mysteries for young readers. An afterword presents easy-to-understand facts about acorns and oak trees.