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Active System Control: Design of System Resilience
by Brian Kirk Igor SchagaevNow in its second edition, this book introduces an approach to active system control. This approach, when applied through design and development improves our technological systems. It extends concepts of system control using data accumulation, state and structural dependencies. The authors define these properties in terms of reliability, performance and energy-efficiency, and self-adaption. They describe how they bridge the gap between data accumulation and analysis in terms of interpolation with the real physical models when data used for interpretation of the system conditions. The authors introduce a principle of active system control and safety - an approach that explains what a model of a system should have, making computer systems more efficient, a crucial new concern in application domains such as safety critical, embedded and low-power autonomous systems like transport, healthcare, and other dynamic systems with moving substances and elements. On a theoretical level, this book further extends the concept of fault tolerance, introducing a system level of design for improving overall efficiency. On a practical level it illustrates how active system approach might help our systems become self-evolving. This updated new edition of Active System Control contains new chapters on the system software concept and the future of active systems control and a chapter containing case studies of unsolved aviation safety incidents.
Active Tectonics and Seismic Potential of Alaska
by Jeffrey T. Freymueller Peter J. Haeussler Robert L. Wesson Göran EkströmPublished by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 179. This multidisciplinary monograph provides the first modern integrative summary focused on the most spectacular active tectonic systems in North America. Encompassing seismology, tectonics, geology, and geodesy, it includes papers that summarize the state of knowledge, including background material for those unfamiliar with the region; address global hypotheses using data from Alaska; and test important global hypotheses using data from this region. It is organized around four major themes: subduction and great earthquakes at the Aleutian Arc, the transition from strike slip to accretion and subduction of the Yakutat microplate, the Denali fault and related structures and their role in accommodating permanent deformation of the overriding plate, and regional integration and large-scale models and the use of data from Alaska to address important global questions and hypotheses. The book's publication near the beginning of the National Science Foundation's EarthScope project makes it especially timely because Alaska is perhaps the least understood area within the EarthScope footprint, and interest in the region can be expected to rise with time as more EarthScope data become available.
Active Terahertz Metamaterial for Biomedical Applications (SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering)
by Rakesh Mohan Jha Balamati Choudhury Arya MenonThis book describes a metamaterial-based active absorber for potential biomedical engineering applications. Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is an important tool for imaging in the field of biomedical engineering, due to the non-invasive, non-ionizing nature of terahertz radiation coupled with its propagation characteristics in water, which allows the operator to obtain high-contrast images of skin cancers, burns, etc. without detrimental effects. In order to tap this huge potential, it is important to build highly efficient biomedical imaging systems by introducing terahertz absorbers into biomedical detectors. The biggest challenge faced in the fulfilment of this objective is the lack of naturally occurring dielectrics, which is overcome with the use of artificially engineered resonant materials, viz. metamaterials. This book describes such a metamaterial-based active absorber. The design has been optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO), eventually resulting in an ultra-thin active terahertz absorber. The absorber shows near unity absorption for a tuning range of terahertz (THz) application.
Active Vibration Control and Stability Analysis of Flexible Beam Systems
by Wei He Jinkun LiuThis book presents theoretical explorations of several fundamental problems in the dynamics and control of flexible beam systems. By integrating fresh concepts and results to form a systematic approach to control, it establishes a basic theoretical framework. It includes typical control design examples verified using MATLAB simulation, which in turn illustrate the successful practical applications of active vibration control theory for flexible beam systems. The book is primarily intended for researchers and engineers in the control system and mechanical engineering community, offering them a unique resource.
Activist Science and Technology Education (Cultural Studies of Science Education #9)
by Larry Bencze Steve AlsopThis collection examines issues of agency, power, politics and identity as they relate to science and technology and education, within contemporary settings. Social, economic and ecological critique and reform are examined by numerous contributing authors, from a range of international contexts. These chapters examine pressing pedagogical questions within socio-scientific contexts, including petroleum economies, food justice, health, environmentalism, climate change, social media and biotechnologies. Readers will discover far reaching inquiries into activism as an open question for science and technology education, citizenship and democracy. The authors call on the work of prominent scholars throughout the ages, including Bourdieu, Foucault, Giroux, Jasanoff, Kierkegaard, Marx, Nietzsche, Rancière and Žižek. The application of critical theoretical scholarship to mainstream practices in science and technology education distinguishes this book, and this deep, theoretical treatment is complemented by many grounded, more pragmatic exemplars of activist pedagogies. Practical examples are set within the public sphere, within selected new social movements, and also within more formal institutional settings, including elementary and secondary schools, and higher education. These assembled discussions provide a basis for a more radically reflexive reworking of science and technology education. Educational policy makers, science education scholars, and science and technology educators, amongst others, will find this work thought-provoking, instructive and informative.
Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions
by Kenneth S. PitzerThis book was first published in 1991. It considers the concepts and theories relating to mostly aqueous systems of activity coefficients.
Activity Theory, Authentic Learning and Emerging Technologies: Towards a transformative higher education pedagogy (Routledge Research in Higher Education)
by Denise Wood Vivienne Bozalek Dick Ng’ambi Jan Herrington Joanne Hardman Alan AmoryAlthough emerging technologies are becoming popularised for teaching, learning and research, the relationship between their use and transformative effects on higher education remain largely unexplored. This edited collection seeks to fill this gap by providing a nuanced view, locating higher education pedagogical practices at an intersection of emerging technologies, authentic learning and activity systems. Providing numerous case studies as examples, the book draws from a wide range of contexts to illustrate how such a convergence has the potential to track transformative teaching and learning practices in the higher education sector. Chapters provide the reader with a variety of transformative higher education pedagogical practices in southern contexts, theorised within the framework of Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) and tool mediation, while using authentic learning as a pedagogical model upon which this theoretical framework is based. The topics covered in the book have global relevance, with research paying particular attention to South Africa, Australia and New Zealand, where the authors are based. The book will be of interest to educators, researchers and practitioners in higher education, as well as those interested in emerging technologies in education more generally.
Activity-Based Protein Profiling (Topics in Current Chemistry #324)
by Stephan A. SieberABPP Methodology: Introduction and Overview, by Matthew B. Nodwell und Stephan A. Sieber Activity-Based Protein Profiling for Natural Product Target Discovery, by Joanna Krysiak und Rolf Breinbauer Photoaffinity Labeling in Activity-Based Protein Profiling, by Paul P. Geurink, Laurette M. Prely, Gijs A. van der Marel, Rainer Bischoff und Herman S. Overkleeft Application of Activity-Based Protein Profiling to the Study of Microbial Pathogenesis, by William P. Heal und Edward W. Tate Functional Analysis of Protein Targets by Metabolomic Approaches, by Yun-Gon Kim und Alan Saghatelian
Activity-Based Proteomics: 9781493964376 (Methods in Molecular Biology #1491)
by Herman S. Overkleeft Bogdan I. FloreaThis volume focuses on explorative activity-based proteomics, biomedical applications of activity-based proteomics, and chemical strategies in activity-based proteomics providing a concise overview of activity-based protein profiling. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Activity-Based Proteomics: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2921)
by Zhipeng TaoThis volume comprehensively covers techniques that use activity-based proteomics to investigate biological functions of proteins such as lipolytic enzymes, serine hydrolases, chitinases, and glycoside hydrolases. The chapters in this book cover a wide range of protocols and an overview on the application of activity-based proteomics profiling to study deISGylating enzymes, serine hydrolases, monooxygenases, ubiquitin E3 ligases, and reactive cysteine in various organisms, including bacteria, viruses, and mammalian cells and tissues. Furthermore, this book provides updated, comprehensive protocols for utilizing activity-based proteomics profiling to discover new enzymes, detect novel modifications, and identify new drug therapy targets. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on trouble3.shooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Activity-Based Proteomics: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for all researchers who are interested in applying the latest technologies in this advancing field.
Actualistic Taphonomy in South America (Topics in Geobiology #48)
by Sergio Martínez Alejandra Rojas Fernanda CabreraHighlighting the latest research on Actualistic Taphonomy (AT), this book presents the outcomes of a meeting that took place in Montevideo, Uruguay, in October 2017. Its respective chapters offer valuable insights into South American archaeology, invertebrate and vertebrate fauna, and flora. In recent years, there has been a surge of new research on AT, as evidenced by numerous papers, talks, theses, etc. However, there are still very few AT books or even dedicated journal articles. Reflecting the discipline’s newfound maturity, this book, written by South American authors, offers a unique resource for academics and students of Paleontology, Geology, and Biology around the world.
Acumenous Game-Based Learning in Simulation Games: Transforming Fears of Mathematics and Statistics Education (Routledge Research in Digital Education and Educational Technology)
by Souad SlymanDrawing on a comprehensive theoretical foundation encompassing socio-constructivism, social learning, and motivation, this book offers a new theoretical contribution and sheds light on the transformative power of acumenous game-based learning to reengage learners with Mathematics and Statistics Education.Foregrounding six years of research into simulation games, and exploring inquisitional and acumenous theory, the book ultimately explores the power of science and game-based technologies, applying theoretical knowledge to practice in order to reframe negative connotations associated with mathematical and statistical learning. The chapters explore maths anxiety and resilience, as well as understanding dyscalculia and its ramifications, introducing a novel theoretical framework that will redefine traditional teaching paradigms. Ultimately exploring the powerful potential of simulation games as motivational and pedagogical tools to redress the complex societal problem of negative emotions toward Mathematics and Statistics Education, readers will gain invaluable insights into unlocking new learning opportunities, paving the way for a future where mathematics and statistics become accessible, engaging, and empowering for all.This book is of benefit to postgraduate students, scholars, and academics in the fields of educational technology, mathematics education, and teaching and learning in higher education more broadly.
Acupuncture Treatment for Musculoskeletal Pain: A Textbook for Orthopaedics, Anesthesia, and Rehabilitation
by Harris GellmanAcupuncture Treatment for Musculoskeletal Pain covers the basics of acupuncture theory and explains the precepts of Eastern medicine. The text is written for orthopaedic surgeons, anesthesiologists and rehabilitation medicine specialists, and will aid them in their diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal pain -- both acute and chronic -- as well
Acute Abdomen During Pregnancy
by Goran AugustinThis is the third edition of a well-received book that reflects the state of the art in the diagnosis and treatment of acute abdominal disorders in pregnant patients, ranging from very rare to more common ones, such as acute appendicitis and acute cholecystitis. The book emphasizes the importance of rapid diagnosis to avoid serious consequences for both the mother and the fetus. The new edition updates recommendations, guidelines, and scenarios to provide support for all clinicians who may encounter such cases. The book includes new chapters, one of which is about non-operative management of acute appendicitis in pregnancy, an important topic that has not been addressed in previous books. The 2nd edition chapter on urologic emergencies has been divided into three, and the book now has 29 chapters in total, which have been significantly updated and reorganized. It provides guidance on different imaging modalities of rare pathologies that can occur during pregnancy, helping clinicians and radiologists to define underlying cases better. The book also includes significantly more colored and black & white images and tables. This new edition is an essential resource for clinicians who care for pregnant patients with acute abdominal disorders. The volume is equally valuable for general and abdominal surgeons, gynecologists and obstetricians, and emergency physicians who may be the first specialists to have clinical contact with pregnant patients.
Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: VOLUME 1
by National Research CouncilIn the Bhopal disaster of 1984, approximately 2,000 residents living near a chemical plant were killed and 20,000 more suffered irreversible damage to their eyes and lungs following the accidental release of methyl isocyanate. This tragedy served to focus international attention on the need for governments to identify hazardous substances and assist local communities in planning how to deal with emergency exposures. Since 1986, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has been tasked with identifying extremely hazardous substances and, in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Department of Transportation, assist local emergency response planners. The National Advisory Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances was established in 1995 to develop acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for high priority toxic chemicals that could be released into the air from accidents at chemical plants, storage sites, or during transportation. This book reviews toxicity documents on five chemicals--chlorine, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, toluene, and uranium hexafluoride--for their scientific validity, comprehensives, internal consistency, and conformance to the 1993 guidelines report.
Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 20
by Engineering Medicine National Academies of SciencesExtremely hazardous substances can be released accidentally as a result of chemical spills, industrial explosions, fires, or accidents involving railroad cars and trucks transporting EHSs. Workers and residents in communities surrounding industrial facilities where these substances are manufactured, used, or stored and in communities along the nation’s railways and highways are potentially at risk of being exposed to airborne EHSs during accidental releases or intentional releases by terrorists. Pursuant to the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has identified approximately 400 EHSs on the basis of acute lethality data in rodents. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Volume 20 reviews and updates the technical support document on acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for selected chloroformates. This update focuses on establishing AEGL-3 values for n-propyl chloroformate and isopropyl chloroformate, but will also consider whether any new data are available that would affect the proposed values for the other 10 chloroformates. AEGLs represent threshold exposure limits (exposure levels below which adverse health effects are not likely to occur) for the general public and are applicable to emergency exposures ranging from 10 minutes (min) to 8 h. Three levels - AEGL-1, AEGL-2, and AEGL-3 - are developed for each of five exposure periods (10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 4 h, and 8 h) and are distinguished by varying degrees of severity of toxic effects. This report will inform planning, response, and prevention in the community, the workplace, transportation, the military, and the remediation of Superfund sites.
Acute Ischemic Stroke: Imaging and Intervention
by Joshua A. Hirsch Lee H. Schwamm Michael H. Lev Pamela W. Schaefer R. Gilberto GonzálezThis updated second edition of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Imaging and Intervention provides a comprehensive account of the state of the art in the diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The basic format of the first edition has been retained, with sections on fundamentals such as pathophysiology and causes, imaging techniques and interventions. However, each chapter has been revised to reflect the important recent progress in advanced neuroimaging and the use of interventional tools. In addition, a new chapter is included on the classification instruments for ischemic stroke and their use in predicting outcomes and therapeutic triage. All of the authors are internationally recognized experts and members of the interdisciplinary stroke team at the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. The text is supported by numerous informative illustrations, and ease of reference is ensured through the inclusion of suitable tables. This book will serve as a unique source of up-to-date information for neurologists, emergency physicians, radiologists and other health care providers who care for the patient with acute ischemic stroke.
Acute Kidney Injury and Regenerative Medicine
by Yoshio Terada Takashi Wada Kent DoiThis book presents up-to-date information on the clinical-pathophysiological features of acute renal injury and discusses the KDIGO diagnostic criteria, as well as novel experimental findings, including in the area of regenerative medicine. It also highlights the clinical-pathophysiological importance of AKI in clinical settings, including differential diagnoses and management of AKI. In the past, the pathology associated with sudden renal impairment was characterized as acute renal failure (ARF). However, in the 2000s, the joint efforts of specialists in fields including nephrology, intensive care medicine, and cardiovascular medicine led to the introduction of a novel concept known as acute kidney injury (AKI). As medical care progressed, patients such as high-risk elderly subjects who were not deemed to be candidates for invasive therapy came to be treated in intensive care units (ICUs). As a result, kidney injury as a subset of multiple organ failure was re-considered as AKI, especially in intensive care medicine. AKI was then proposed as a novel disease concept to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and early intervention to improve prognosis.Presenting novel features, such as the definition of AKI, risk factors and management; biomarkers, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and L-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP); long-term outcomes of AKI; as well as renal regeneration using iPS cell, manipulation of embryonic genes, and Xenotransplanted embryonic kidney, this book is of interest to all physicians and researchers in this field around the globe.
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia: Genetics, Biology and Therapy (Cancer Treatment and Research #145)
by Lalitha NagarajanAcute myelogenous leukemia (AML), is the most common form of leukemia in adults. AML is a deadly form of malignancy, the prognosis for which has not improved in the last two decades. More importantly, it is a malignancy that is seen in older adults, therefore the number of cases is likely to rise as the population ages. Over the past 15 years, genetic mechanisms underlying AML have begun to unfold. Additional research in this area has helped identify key components and characteristics. Consequently, targeted therapy of AML is receiving much attention. It is the hope of researchers that as with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and the drug, Gleevec, a targeted therapy for AML will be discovered.
Acute Neuronal Injury: The Role of Excitotoxic Programmed Cell Death Mechanisms
by Denson G. FujikawaThe purpose of this book is to present clinically relevant basic mechanisms of excitotoxic neuronal death, which in the adult mammalian brain is morphologically necrotic, not apoptotic, and which involve caspase-independent mechanisms of programmed cell death. The spectrum of clinically relevant pathologically induced excitotoxic neuronal death includes cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, cerebral hypoglycemia, and status epilepticus. By investigating mechanisms, potential neuroprotective strategies can be identified that may have future clinical application.
Acute Neuronal Injury: The Role of Excitotoxic Programmed Cell Death Mechanisms
by Denson G. FujikawaAn overview of the biochemical mechanisms that produce acute nerve cell death in the brain. Covers injuries and disorders including stroke, brain and spinal cord trauma, hypoglycemic coma, and prolonged epileptic seizures. All of these lead to high concentrations of calcium in nerve cells which, in turn, causes degradation of cytoplasmic proteins, cleavage of nuclear DNA, and eventually cell death. The Second Edition contains 11 thoroughly updated chapters and 3 additional chapters that did not appear in the previous edition.
Acute Phase Proteins Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, and Clinical Applications
by Irving Kushner Andrzej Mackiewicz Heinz BaumannAcute Phase Proteins covers all major aspects of acute phase proteins (APP) starting with molecular mechanisms regulating their synthesis and ending with their functional significance. The book features 36 chapters addressing such topics as acute phase response and the APP; major APP and their structure and functions; regulation of APP synthesis, the cytokines and hormones implicated in these processes, and molecular mechanisms involved; signal transduction of cytokines in hepatocytes and posttranscriptional processes; and quantitative and qualitative evaluation of APP in clinical practice. The book will be an important reference for immunologists, molecular biologists, cellular biologists, biochemists, and clinical chemists.
Acute Toxicology Testing: Perspectives and Horizons
by Shayne C. Gad Christopher P. ChengelisAcute toxicology testing constitutes the first line of defense against potentially dangerous chemicals. This book provides a detailed presentation of protocols for each of the common designs, reviews their development and objectives, discusses the types of data they generate, and examines the current status of alternative test designs and models. F
Acute and Chronic Neural Stimulation via Mechano-Sensitive Ion Channels (Springer Theses)
by Andy Kah Ping TayThis book describes the tools, developed by the author, for perturbing endogenous mechano-sensitive ion channels for magneto-mechanical neuro-modulation. He explores the ways in which these tools compare against existing ones such as electricity, chemicals, optogenetics, and techniques like thermos/magneto-genetics. The author also reports on two platforms--magnetic ratcheting and magnetic microfluidics for directed evolution and high throughput culture of magnetotactic bacteria--that produce high quality magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications like neural stimulations. This thesis was submitted to and approved by the University of California, Los Angeles.
Ad Astra: An Illustrated Guide to Leaving the Planet
by Dallas Campbell‘A wonderful, wise and witty guide for space explorers everywhere.' – Richard Osman‘A must read both for intrepid space explorers and misty-eyed dreamers. Now, to space!’ – Hannah Fry‘Few people are more knowledgeable, celebratory and witty about space travel than Dallas Campbell.’ – Adam RutherfordNeed some space? For almost all human history we’ve been firmly rooted to the Earth. And, sure, it's got some good things going for it: nice views, friendly inhabitants, good coffee. Air. But what if you want to get off? Whether you've got itchy feet and need a bit of a break, or you’re looking for a complete change of scene, this book has all the information you'll need to leave, with FREE expert advice from the men and woman who can actually make it happen. Do I need a passport? How do I know if I have the right stuff? Can I take my dog? What spacesuit do I need? Where am I going to go? What am I going to eat? As well as being a deeply impractical guide to getting off the planet, this is an eclectic and beautifully illustrated mix-tape of space travel stories – both real and imagined. From the migrating lunar geese that flew us to the moon in the 1600’s, to Elon Musk’s wild plan to get humans to Mars en masse in the future; from the history of early rocket science to the Soviet tortoises that secretly won the space race. A collection for anyone who has looked up in wonder at the stars... And then wondered how to get there.‘The next best thing to actually heading off into space.’ – Jim Al-Khalili‘Few people are more knowledgeable, celebratory and witty about space travel than Dallas Campbell.’ – Adam Rutherford‘If, like me, you dream of going into space, this is definitely the place to start the journey.’ – Dan Snow‘A must have volume for astronauts and armchair astronauts alike.’ – Helen Sharman OBE‘Funny, factual and beautiful.’ – Shaun Keavney‘Read it, make notes, and be ready when the day comes.’ – Helen Czerski