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Electrochemistry of Technetium (Monographs in Electrochemistry)
by Maciej Chotkowski Andrzej CzerwińskiThis book provides detailed information on the electrochemistry of technetium compounds. After a brief physico-chemical characterization of this element, it presents the comparative chemistry of technetium, manganese and rhenium. Particular attention is paid to the stability, disproportionation, comproportionation, hydrolysis and polymerization reactions of technetium ions and their influence on the observed redox systems. The electrochemical properties of both inorganic as well as organic technetium species in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions are also discussed. The respective chapters cover the whole spectrum of topics related to the application of technetium in nuclear medicine, electrochemistry of technetium in spent nuclear fuel (including corrosion properties of technetium alloys), and detecting trace amounts of technetium with the aid of electrochemical methods. Providing readers with information not easily obtained in any other single source, the book will appeal to researchers working in nuclear chemistry, nuclear medicine or the nuclear industry.
Electrochemistry of Zirconia Gas Sensors
by Serge ZhuiykovThe first book to present a detailed analysis of the electrochemistry, development, modeling, optimization, testing, and technology behind modern zirconia-based sensors, Electrochemistry of Zirconia Gas Sensors explores how to tailor these sensors to meet specific industrial needs. The book addresses a range of different stages of development in zi
Electrochemotherapy, Electrogenetherapy, and Transdermal Drug Delivery
by Mark J. JaroszeskiLeading experts comprehensively review all aspects of the delivery of therapeutic molecules to cells using electrical impulses-i.e., the extraordinarily promising new areas of electrogenetherapy, electrochemotherapy, and transdermal drug delivery. Their survey ranges from outlines of the basic physical principles that govern cell permeabilization by pulsed electric fields, to descriptions of the current state-of-the-art in instrumentation and electrodes, to summaries of preclinical and clinical trial results. The authors focus on drug, gene, and transdermal delivery techniques, providing detailed examples of drug delivery using electric fields from a variety of pulse generators and electrodes. Comprehensive and authoritative, Electrochemotherapy, Electrogenetherapy, and Transdermal Drug Delivery: Electrically Mediated Delivery of Molecules to Cells provides entré to an immensely practical set of in vivo electroporation techniques, including electrogenetherapy, electrochemotherapy, and transdermal drug delivery-techniques holding great promise for all those working toward better therapies for cancer, metabolic diseases, and vaccination.
Electrode Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion
by Mesfin A. KebedeThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments and materials used in electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices, including lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, zinc-ion batteries, supercapacitors and conversion materials for solar and fuel cells. Chapters introduce the technologies behind each material, in addition to the fundamental principles of the devices, and their wider impact and contribution to the field. This book will be an ideal reference for researchers and individuals working in industries based on energy storage and conversion technologies across physics, chemistry and engineering. FEATURES Edited by established authorities, with chapter contributions from subject-area specialists Provides a comprehensive review of the field Up to date with the latest developments and research Editors Dr. Mesfin A. Kebede obtained his PhD in Metallurgical Engineering from Inha University, South Korea. He is now a principal research scientist at Energy Centre of Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), South Africa. He was previously an assistant professor in the Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science at Hawassa University, Ethiopia. His extensive research experience covers the use of electrode materials for energy storage and energy conversion. Prof. Fabian I. Ezema is a professor at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. He obtained his PhD in Physics and Astronomy from University of Nigeria, Nsukka. His research focuses on several areas of materials science with an emphasis on energy applications, specifically electrode materials for energy conversion and storage.
Electrodeposition
by Stojan S. DjokicIn the past few decades, research in the science of electrodeposition of metals has shown the important practical applications of electronic, magnetic, energy devices and biomedical materials. The aim of this new volume is to review the latest developments electrodeposition and present them to teachers, professionals, and students working in the field.
Electrodeposition from Ionic Liquids
by Andrew Abbott Douglas Macfarlane Frank EndresEdited by distinguished experts in this expanding field and with specialist contributions, this overview is the first of its kind to focus on electrodeposition from ionic liquids. This second edition has been completely revised and updated with approximately 20% new content and has been expanded by five chapters to cover the following topics: -Bulk and Interface Theory -Nanoscale Imaging including AFM, In situ STM and UHV-STM -Impedance Spectroscopy -Process Scale-up including Brighteners -Speciation and Redox Properties. The result is essential reading for electrochemists, materials scientists, chemists in industry, physical chemists, chemical engineers, inorganic and organic chemists.
Electrodes for Li-ion Batteries
by Rémi Dedryvère Laure Monconduit Laurence CroguennecThe electrochemical energy storage is a means to conserve electrical energy in chemical form. This form of storage benefits from the fact that these two energies share the same vector, the electron. This advantage allows us to limit the losses related to the conversion of energy from one form to another. The RS2E focuses its research on rechargeable electrochemical devices (or electrochemical storage) batteries and supercapacitors. The materials used in the electrodes are key components of lithium-ion batteries. Their nature depend battery performance in terms of mass and volume capacity, energy density, power, durability, safety, etc. This book deals with current and future positive and negative electrode materials covering aspects related to research new and better materials for future applications (related to renewable energy storage and transportation in particular), bringing light on the mechanisms of operation, aging and failure.
Electrodialysis and Water Reuse
by Andréa Moura Bernardes Marco Antônio Siqueira Rodrigues Jane Zoppas FerreiraThis book presents novel techniques to evaluate electrodialysis processes, to synthesize ionic membranes and to characterize their properties. It shows the potential use of membrane process to the treatment of effluents generated in many industrial sectors such as refineries, leather industries, mining and electroplating processes. The book is based on the results obtained by the author's research group during the past decade. It is useful for students, researchers and engineers interested in membrane technologies for water reuse.
Electrodissolution Processes: Fundamentals and Applications
by Madhav DattaElectrodissolution Processes: Fundamentals and Applications discusses the basic principles involved in high-rate anodic dissolution processes and their application in advanced machining, micromachining, and finishing operations. The fundamentals section of the book discusses the anodic dissolution behavior of different classes of metals and the influence of mass transport, current distribution, and surface film properties on the metal removal rate and surface finishing. The applications section of the book presents essential elements of electrochemical and assisted techniques for precision machining, micromachining, and polishing of advanced materials, including hard-to-machine conducting ceramic materials. Features A first-of-its-kind book that provides updated scientific and engineering information related to high-rate anodic dissolution processes Highlights the importance of the understanding of basic principles required for designing and optimizing ECM/EMM/EP processes Gives equal emphasis to the fundamentals and applications of electrodissolution processes Discusses the high-rate anodic dissolution of two broad classes of materials, namely, engineering and refractory materials Presents case studies to demonstrate the capabilities of different electrochemical and assisted machining, micromachining, and finishing operations Presents a dedicated chapter on electrochemical planarization of copper interconnects Madhav Datta is the Chairman of Amrita Center for Industrial Research and Innovation and a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Amrita University, Coimbatore, India.
Electrodynamics
by Masud Chaichian Ioan Merches Daniel Radu Anca TureanuThis book is devoted to the fundamentals of Classical Electrodynamics, one of the most beautiful and productive theories in physics. A general survey on the applicability of physical theories shows that only few theories can be compared to Electrodynamics. Essentially, all electric and electronic devices used around the World are based on the Theory of Electromagnetism. It was Maxwell who created, for the first time, a unified description of the electric and magnetic phenomena in his electromagnetic field theory. Remarkably, Maxwell's theory contained in itself also the relativistic invariance of the Special Relativity, a fact which was discovered only a few decades later. The present book is an outcome of the authors' teaching experience over many years in different countries and for different students studying diverse fields of physics. The book is intended for students at the level of undergraduate and graduate studies in physics, astronomy, engineering, applied mathematics and for researchers working in related subjects. We hope that the reader will not only acquire knowledge, but will also grasp the beauty of Theoretical Physics. A set of about 130 solved and proposed problems shall help to attain this aim.
Electrodynamics (Chicago Lectures in Physics)
by Fulvio MeliaPractically all of modern physics deals with fields—functions of space (or spacetime) that give the value of a certain quantity, such as the temperature, in terms of its location within a prescribed volume. Electrodynamics is a comprehensive study of the field produced by (and interacting with) charged particles, which in practice means almost all matter. Fulvio Melia's Electrodynamics offers a concise, compact, yet complete treatment of this important branch of physics. Unlike most of the standard texts, Electrodynamics neither assumes familiarity with basic concepts nor ends before reaching advanced theoretical principles. Instead this book takes a continuous approach, leading the reader from fundamental physical principles through to a relativistic Lagrangian formalism that overlaps with the field theoretic techniques used in other branches of advanced physics. Avoiding unnecessary technical details and calculations, Electrodynamics will serve both as a useful supplemental text for graduate and advanced undergraduate students and as a helpful overview for physicists who specialize in other fields.
Electrodynamics: The Field-Free Approach
by Kjell PrytzThis book is intended as an undergraduate textbook in electrodynamics at basic or advanced level. The objective is to attain a general understanding of the electrodynamic theory and its basic experiments and phenomena in order to form a foundation for further studies in the engineering sciences as well as in modern quantum physics. The outline of the book is obtained from the following principles: * Base the theory on the concept of force and mutual interaction * Connect the theory to experiments and observations accessible to the student * Treat the electric, magnetic and inductive phenomena cohesively with respect to force, energy, dipoles and material * Present electrodynamics using the same principles as in the preceding mechanics course * Aim at explaining that theory of relativity is based on the magnetic effect * Introduce field theory after the basic phenomena have been explored in terms of force Although electrodynamics is described in this book from its 1st principles, prior knowledge of about one semester of university studies in mathematics and physics is required, including vector algebra, integral and differential calculus as well as a course in mechanics, treating Newton's laws and the energy principle. The target groups are physics and engineering students, as well as professionals in the field, such as high school teachers and employees in the telecom industry. Chemistry and computer science students may also benefit from the book.
Electrodynamics and Classical Theory of Fields and Particles (Dover Books on Physics)
by A. O. Barut"We can only hope that more such striking expositions will be written." -- Bulletin of the American Mathematical SocietyThis is a systematic, covariant treatment of the classical theories of particle motion, fields, and the interaction of fields and particles. Particular attention is given to the interaction of charged particles with the electromagnetic field. The treatment throughout the book is relativistic; the author attempts, as much as possible, a coordinate free (or covariant) form of the equations both for particles and the fields. The book opens with an extensive discussion of space-time, Lorentz transformations, Lorentz-group and tensor and spinor fields. This material is essential to the understanding of many branches of theoretical physics, in particular relativistic quantum theory. Chapter II describes various relativistic forms of the fundamental problem of dynamics: describing the trajectories of particles for given external forces. The general dynamical principles to obtain the field equations and the important problems of the conservation laws are discussed in Chapter III. The second part of the book (Chapters IV-VI) is devoted to a lucid treatment of the interactions of fields and particles. Chapter IV deals with equations of motion and their solutions (the so-called Cauchy problem), focusing on the solution of field equations with Green's functions using Dirac formalism. The problem of feedback between particles and fields (radiation and radiation reaction) is taken up in Chapter V, as are questions concerning the limitations of classical field theories and classical dynamics. Dr. Barut concludes the book with an excellent exposition of the purely mechanical approach to the problem of the interactions of charged particles -- the so-called action-at-a-distance formulation of electrodynamics. Problems, alternate proofs, and additional topics are included at the end of each chapter, where a useful bibliography is also provided. A general bibliography appears at the end of the book.
Electrodynamics and Optics (Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics)
by Wolfgang DemtröderThis engaging text offers an accessible and clear treatment of the fundamentals of electromagnetics and optics, a core part of the standard undergraduate physics curriculum. Starting with static electric and magnetic fields, the book works through electromagnetic oscillations and the formation and propagation of electromagnetic waves, before moving on to geometric and wave optics, optical instrumentation and some discussion of new technologies in optics. The text is written from the experimental physics point of view, giving numerous real life examples and applications of devices. This highly motivating presentation deepens the knowledge in a very accessible way, carefully interweaving theory and practical applications. Students are guided through the material with well-chosen examples and case studies, and helpful chapter summaries are provided together with numerous exercises and detailed solutions, all intended to motivate and develop a well-founded understanding of the subject matter.
Electrodynamics and Special Theory of Relativity
by Reiner M. Dreizler Cora S. LüddeThis textbook offers you a profound understanding of the core concepts in electrodynamics and the special theory of relativity. Emphasis is placed on establishing strong mathematical fundamentals while also equipping you with problem-solving skills crucial for mastering these disciplines. It covers electromagnetic theory, encompassing Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic wave theory as well as special theory of relativity, including space-time principles and the Lorentz transformation.
Electrodynamics of Conducting Dispersive Media (Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics #111)
by Babak Shokri Anri A. RukhadzeThis book presents a sequential representation of the electrodynamics of conducting media with dispersion. In addition to the general electrodynamic formalism, specific media such as classical nondegenerate plasma, degenerate metal plasma, magnetoactive anisotropic plasma, atomic hydrogen gas, semiconductors, and molecular crystals are considered.The book draws on such classics as Electrodynamics of plasma and plasma-like media (Silin and Rukhadze) and Principles of Plasma Electrodynamics (Alexandrov, Bogdankevich, and Rukhadze), yet its outlook is thoroughly modern—both in content and presentation, including both classical and quantum approaches. It explores such recent topics as surface waves on thin layers of plasma and non-dispersive media, the permittivity of a monatomic gas with spatial dispersion, and current-driven instabilities in plasma, among many others. Each chapter is equipped with a large number of problems with solutions that have academic and practical importance. This book will appeal to graduate students as well as researchers and other professionals due to its straight-forward yet thorough treatment of electrodynamics in conducting dispersive media.
Electrodynamics of Density Ducts in Magnetized Plasmas: The Mathematical Theory of Excitation and Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in Plasma Waveguides
by I G Kondratiev A V Kudrin T M ZaboronkovaProviding a systematic and self-contained treatment of excitation, propagation and re- emission of electromagnetic waves guided by density ducts in magnetized plasmas, this book describes in detail the theoretical basis of the electrodynamics of ducts. The classical dielectric-waveguide theory in open guiding systems in magnetoplasma is subjected to rigorous generalization. The authors emphasize the conceptual physical and mathematical aspects of the theory, while demonstrating its applications to problems encountered in actual practice. The opening chapters of the book discuss the underlying physical phenomena, outline some of the results obtained in natural and artificial density ducts, and describe the basic theory crucial to understanding the remainder of the book. The more specialized and complex topics dealt with in subsequent chapters include the theory of guided wave propagation along axially uniform ducts, finding the field excited by the source in the presence of a duct, excitation of guided modes, the asymptotic theory of wave propagation along axially nonuniform ducts, and mode re-emission from a duct. The full wave theory is used throughout most of the book to ensure consistency, and the authors start with simpler cases and gradually increase the complexity of the treatment.
Electrodynamics Of Particles And Plasmas (Addison-wesley Series In Advanced Physics)
by Phillip C ClemmowFirst Published in 2018. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an Informa company.
Electrodynamics of Superconductors
by Vladimir KozhevnikovSuperconductivity is a remarkable, on the verge of miraculous, macroscopic quantum phenomenon with a boundless potential for a wide variety of applications. Over the last century the physics of superconductivity constitutes a major part of research in condensed matter and yet the electrodynamics of superconductors appears as only a minor part in textbooks on electrodynamics and superconductivity. The book offers a fresh look at electrodynamics of continuous media with detailed description of thermal and electromagnetic properties of superconductors, emphasising physical meaning of concepts and principles without excessive mathematics. To facilitate understanding, it is accompanied by problems and worked solutions. The book will be of interest to senior undergraduate and graduate students of physics and chemistry who have taken a calculus-based course in general physics. It is a valuable reference for researchers involved in studies of superconductivity, the physics of metals, and condensed matter physics.Key Features: The first book - in terms of semi-classical physics - addressing both equilibrium and nonequilibrium, thermal and transport properties of superconducting materials Presents an accessible overview without excessive mathematics Accompanied by problems with solutions to aid understanding
The Electrodynamics of Water and Ice (Springer Series in Chemical Physics #124)
by Vasily ArtemovThis book is a research monograph summarizing recent advances related to the molecular structure of water and ice, and it is based on the latest spectroscopic data available. A special focus is given to radio- and microwave frequency regions. Within the five interconnected chapters, the author reviews the electromagnetic waves interaction with water, ice, and moist substances, discussing the microscopic mechanisms behind the dielectric responses. Well-established classic views concerning the structure of water and ice are considered along with new approaches related to atomic and molecular dynamics. Particular attention is given to nanofluidics, atmospheric science, and electrochemistry. The mathematical apparatus, based on diverse approaches employed in condensed matter physics, is widely used and allows the reader to quantitatively describe the electrodynamic response of water and ice in both bulk and confined states. This book is intended for a wide audience covering physicists, electrochemists, geophysicists, engineers, biophysicists, and general scientists who work on the electromagnetic radiation interaction with water and moist substances.
Electrodynamics Tutorials with Python Simulations (Series in Computational Physics)
by Taejoon Kouh Minjoon KouhThis book provides an accessible introduction to intermediate-level electrodynamics with computa- tional approaches to complement a traditional mathematical treatment of the subject. It covers key topics in electrodynamics, such as electromagnetic fields, forces, potentials, and waves as well as Special Theory of Relativity.Through intuition-building examples and visualizations in the Python programming language, it helps readers to develop technical computing skills in numerical and symbolic calculations, modeling and simulations, and visualizations. Python is a highly readable and practical programming language, making this book appropriate for students without extensive programming experience.This book can serve as an electrodynamics textbook for undergraduate physics and engineering students in their second or third years, who are studying intermediate- or advanced-level electrodynamics and who want to learn techniques for scientific computing at the same time. This book will also appeal to computer science students who want to see how their computer programming skills may be applied to science, particularly to physics, without needing too much background physics knowledge.Key features• Major concepts in classical electrodynamics are introduced cohesively through computational and mathematical treatments.• Computational examples in Python programming language guide students on how to simulate and visualize electrodynamic principles and phenomena for themselves.Taejoon Kouh is a Professor of Nano and Electronic Physics at Kookmin University, Republic of Korea. He earned his B.A. in physics from Boston University and Sc.M. and Ph.D. degrees in physics from Brown University. After his study in Providence, RI, he returned to Boston, MA, and worked as a postdoctoral research associate in the Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering at Boston University. He is a full faculty member in the Department of Nano and Electronic Physics at Kookmin University in Seoul, Korea, teaching and supervising undergraduate and graduate students. His current research involves the dynamics of nanoelectromechanical systems and the development of fast and reliable transduction methods and innovative applications based on tiny motion.Minjoon Kouh is a program scientist for a philanthropic initiative. He was a Professor of Physics and Neuroscience at Drew University, USA, where he taught more than 30 distinct types of courses. He holds Ph.D. and B.S. degrees in physics from MIT and an M.A. from UC Berkeley. He completed a postdoctoral research fellowship at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, CA. His research includes computational modeling of the primate visual cortex, information-theoretic analysis of neural responses, machine learning, and pedagogical innovations in undergraduate science education.
Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence (Monographs In Electroanalytical Chemistry And Electrochemistry Ser.)
by Allen J. BardThe first source on this expanding analytical science, this reference explores advances in the instrumentation, design, and application of techniques with electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL), examining the use and impact of ECL-based assays in clinical diagnostics, life science research, environmental testing, food and water evaluation, and th
Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence: Protocols and Applications
by Guobao Xu Lianzhe Hu Muhammad Sohail Aslam Saima ParveenThis book primarily focuses on the fundamentals of and new developments in electrochemiluminescence (ECL), presenting high-quality content and explicitly aiming to summarize and disseminate the current state-of-the-art. The topics covered include the fundamental theory, mechanism, types of reactions involved, and the instrumental techniques. The book also examines the applications of ECL in many of the emerging fields of science, such as bioanalytical, analytical, clinical, pharmaceutical, forensic, military, microchip, µTAS, and LED. It will be invaluable to bioanalysts, drug analysts, pharmaceutical researchers and other professionals worldwide, as well as to other interested readers.
Electrohydrodynamic Patterning of Functional Materials
by Pola Goldberg OppenheimerThis thesis explores a route to induce and control the structure formation process in thin films by the use of strong electric fields. We investigate, establish and apply the use of the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) lithography as a versatile patterning tool on the sub-micrometre and nanometre length scales for functional materials. Thin films are ubiquitous, they are found in nature and used in almost every aspect of daily life. While film instabilities are often undesirable in nature and technology, they can be utilized to produce structures by precisely controlling the destabilization of the film. EHD lithography utilizes instabilities induced by means of an electric field to fabricate periodic structures. EHD patterning is set to become a competitive candidate for low-cost lithographic technology for a number of applications. Herein, the applied potential of this lithographic process is explored by expanding its applicability to a broad range of materials and by a simultaneous patterning of multilayer systems or functional polymers yielding hierarchical architectures with novel functionalities. EHD pattern formation enables for instance, the fabrication of multi-scale structured arrays as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-active platforms. Furthermore, crystalline and conductive polymers are patterned using the EHD approach and the underlying structure formation mechanisms are discussed. This extension towards functional material systems offers interesting prospects for potential applications. Findings of this thesis are very promising for use in optoelectronic devices.
Electroinduced Drift of Neutral Charge Clusters in Salt Solutions
by M. A. Kazaryan Li Hunda I.V. ShamaninElectroinduced Drift of Neutral Charge Clusters in Salt Solutions presents studies of the processes accompanying the effect of periodic electric and magnetic fields on salt solutions in polar dielectric liquids. The authors explain phenomena from a physical point of view, without theoretical constructions and mathematical calculations. This is done in order to make the book accessible to a wide audience and to help the reader navigate in a multilateral topic that is touched upon when studying processes that occur in liquid media under the external influence of an electromagnetic nature. Additional Features: Explores the phenomenon of selective drift of solvated ions in polar dielectric liquids Applies general principles of electricity and magnetism to describe experimental results Demonstrates how small perturbations of the equilibrium distribution determine not the corrections to the effects but the effects themselves Approaches nonequilibrium molecular physics as a science of physical and chemical processes This book will be useful to specialists, engineers and graduate students, especially those recording and transmitting information in liquid media.