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Electrospun Polymeric Nanofibers: Insight into Fabrication Techniques and Biomedical Applications (Advances in Polymer Science #291)
by R. JayakumarThis volume deals with the various fabrication techniques, surface functionalization and biomedical applications of polymeric fibers possessing different scale and structure. It provides an overview of fabrication techniques such as Co-axial, Centrifugal, Melt and Yarning to procure multiscale, tubular and layered fibrous scaffold employed for biomedical applications. The chapters in this volume discusse the surface/chemical functionalization of fibers which enhance the biological properties of the fibrous scaffolds as well as the development of hybrid, layered and external stimuli-responsive fibrous scaffolds that hold potential application in biosensor and other biomedical fields. In addition, recent advances and applications of polymeric multiscale fibers in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and drug delivery are presented. The potential use of fibrous scaffolds in bone, neural, tendon/ligament and cardiac tissue engineering, nanofibers as an antimicrobial wound dressing, employed in cancer theragnostics and in the treatment of skin/periodontal infections are discussed. The volume provides expert knowledge on the fabrication techniques, development of different scale and hybrid structure fibers, surface functionalization, layered and external stimuli responsive fibrous scaffolds. It will be beneficial to material/biomaterials scientists, bioengineering and biotechnologists by providing a better understanding on the subject of the innovative applications of fibrous scaffolds in drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound dressings and regenerative medicine.
Electrospun Porous Nanofibers: An Introduction (Synthesis Lectures on Emerging Engineering Technologies)
by Maria Mathew Rony Rajan Paul Ann Rose Abraham A. K. HaghiThis book introduces readers to electrospinning, a nanofabrication technique used to produce nanofibers, and discusses the properties and applications of these nanofibers. The book begins with an overview of the electrospinning process, and strategies for producing nanofibers with different morphologies. The advantages and limitations of the nanofiber technology, and future outlook are addressed next. Then recent and novel applications of electrospun nanofibers in different areas including biomedical, environmental, textile and energy are discussed, followed by a more detailed review of the fabrication and properties of electrospun nanofiber membranes and composites.
Electrostatic and Stereoelectronic Effects in Carbohydrate Chemistry
by Momcilo MiljkovicThe book deals with polar effects in carbohydrates and how these effects control the stereochemistry of carbohydrate reactions. This is important for understanding the mechanisms of certain carbohydrate reactions, including enzymatic reactions such as glycosidases, a very important group of enzymes in living matter. It is also very useful for synthetic carbohydrate chemists who would like to synthesize stereoselectively certain classes of carbohydrates. This book will be a very important source of information for practicing synthetic carbohydrate chemists. The book will also be helpful for organic chemists, or for those studying glycobiology.
Electrostatic Lens Systems, 2nd edition
by D.W.O. HeddleThis second edition enables readers to design lens systems for focusing beams of charged particles that have useful characteristics. The book covers the basic theory of the motion of charged particles in electrostatic fields and describes several methods for the calculation of the potential and field distribution for various electrode geometries. It emphasizes the Bessel function expansion method and the nine-point implementation of the finite difference method. The accompanying disk provides a suite of computer programs (LENSYS for MS-DOS) intended for practical use in the design and analysis of systems using round lenses with apertures or cylindrical elements.
Electrostatic Precipitator Handbook: Physics, High Voltage Supply, Grounding and Sizing
by Manfred Schmoch Dominik SteinerThe reader receives information on electrical gas cleaning systems as they are operated in power plants, steel works, cement works, chemical plants, CHP plants and biomass power plants.Electrostatic precipitators clean gases, especially exhaust gases, from dust and aerosols down to the smallest particle sizes. With reference to practice, the book explains the physical, constructive and electrotechnical basics. It also describes the requirements for the design and operation of these systems. The current edition deals in particular with the physics of negative and positive corona and the extended application possibilities that arise from the targeted use of positive corona. A number of references show ways to calculate and cost-effectively build a new electrostatic precipitator - or to upgrade or convert an existing one for lower clean gas values.
Electrostatics 1999, Proceedings of the 10th INT Conference, Cambridge, UK, 28-31 March 1999
by D.M. TaylorElectrostatics 1999: Proceedings of the 10th INT Conference, Cambridge, UK, 28-31 March 1999 provides an overview of recent research in electrostatics and an insight into the multifarious applications for electrostatics in industry. This comprehensive reference is ideal for researchers in physics, chemistry, and engineering who work in electrostati
Electrostatics and Magnetostatics
by Reiner M. Dreizler Cora S. LüddeThis textbook offers you a profound understanding of the core concepts in electrostatics and magnetostatics. Emphasis is placed on establishing strong mathematical fundamentals while also equipping you with problem-solving skills crucial for mastering these disciplines. It covers basic equations of electrostatics and solution of the Poisson equation as well as Magnetostatics.
Electrotechnologies for Extraction from Food Plants and Biomaterials
by Eugene Vorobiev Nikolai LebovkaRecently, the electrotechnologies based on the effects of pulsed electric fields (PEF), such as ohmic heating (OH) and DC electric field, have gained real interest in the field of food processing. These techniques efficiently enhance methods of extraction from food plants and dehydration of biosolids. The PEF and pulsed OH techniques preserve the nutritional, functional, structural and sensory properties of products better than conventional extraction technologies. The electrofiltration and electro-osmotic dewatering can be very effective for the separation of bioproducts and dehydration of food wastes. The first source book in the field, this book gives an overview the fundamental principles of electrical techniques, electrophysical properties of foods and agricultural products, application of various emerging electrotechnologies for enhancing the solid-liquid separation and drying processes, extraction techniques of pigments, processing methods of different in-plant tissues and biosolids, electro-osmotic dewatering and electrofiltration of biomaterials, recent industrial- scale gains, and other aspects. Each chapter is complementary to other chapters and addresses the latest efforts in the field.
Electroweak and Strong Interactions
by Florian ScheckAfter an introduction to relativistic quantum mechanics, which lays the foundation for the rest of the text, the author moves on to the phenomenology and physics of fundamental interactions via a detailed discussion of the empirical principles of unified theories of strong, electromagnetic, and weak interactions. There then follows a development of local gauge theories and the minimal standard model of the fundamental interactions together with their characteristic applications. The book concludes with further possibilities and the theory of interactions for elementary particles probing complex nuclei. Numerous exercises with solutions make this an ideal text for graduate courses on quantum mechanics and elementary particle physics.
Electroweak Baryogenesis and Its Phenomenology (Springer Theses)
by Kaori FuyutoThis thesis focuses on one of the mechanisms for solving the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) which is a long-standing open question in both particle physics and cosmophysics. Electroweak baryogenesis (EWBG) is one attractive hypothetical scenario to solve this mystery because it can be verified by collider experiments. The author aims to clarify the possibility of EWBG, and to show its verifiability using the Higgs physics and electric dipole moments (EDMs) of an electron, neutron, and proton. The thesis begins with a review of the BAU and EWBG. Subsequently, the possibility of EWBG in one effective model is discussed, which can be applied to some motivated physics beyond the Standard Model. Numerical analyses of electroweak phase transition and sphaleron solution are presented, and the closed time path formalism is also explained to estimate the BAU. After essential calculations for investigation of the possibility of EWBG, the relationship between the BAU and EDMs is described. Through the discussion of the result, it is concluded that both EDMs and the Higgs physics verify the scenario completely. The whole discussion in this thesis causes us to accept the current situation that is ripe for verification of EWBG.
Electroweak-Interacting Spin-1 Dark Matter and Its Phenomenology (Springer Theses)
by Motoko FujiwaraThis book offers construction of a renormalizable effective theory of electroweak-interacting spin-1 dark matter (DM). The effective theory realizes minimal but essential features of DM predicted in extra-dimension models, and enables to systematically treat non-perturbative corrections such as the Sommerfeld effects. Deriving an annihilation cross section including the Sommerfeld effects based on the effective theory, the author discusses the future sensitivity of observations to gamma-ray from the Galactic Center. As a result, the author explains the monochromatic gamma-ray signatures originate from two photons (γγ) or photon and Z boson (γZ) produced in the process of DM annihilations, and concludes a possible scenario that unstable neutral spin-1 particles (Z’) appear and results in a spectral peak in addition to the one caused by γγ and γZ channels in gamma-ray observations. If those two spectral peaks are observed, the masses of spin-1 DM and Z’ would be reconstructed.
Electroweak Interactions
by Luciano MaianiGet First-Hand Insight from a Contributor to the Standard Model of Particle PhysicsWritten by an award-winning former director-general of CERN and one of the world's leading experts on particle physics, Electroweak Interactions explores the concepts that led to unification of the weak and electromagnetic interactions. It provides the fundamental el
Electroweak Physics at LEP and LHC (Springer Tracts in Modern Physics #235)
by Arno StraessnerDuring more than 10 years, from 1989 until 2000, the LEP accelerator and the four LEP experiments, ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL, have taken data for a large amount of measurements at the frontier of particle physics. The main outcome is a thorough and successful test of the Standard Model of electroweak interactions. Mass and width of the Z and W bosons were measured precisely, as well as the Z and photon couplings to fermions and the couplings among gauge bosons. The rst part of this work will describe the most important physics results of the LEP experiments. Emphasis is put on the properties of the W boson, which was my main research eld at LEP. Especially the precise determination of its mass and its couplings to the other gauge bosons will be described. Details on physics effects like Colour Reconnection and Bose-Einstein Correlations in W-pair events shall be discussed as well. A conclusive summary of the current electroweak measurements, including low-energy results, as the pillars of possible future ndings will be given. The important contributions from Tevatron, like the measurement of the top quark and W mass, will round up the present day picture of electroweak particle physics.This is an open access book.
Electroweak Physics at LEP and LHC
by Arno StraessnerThis up-to-date book reviews the experimental results on electroweak physics obtained at the Large Electron Positron collider, LEP, and those expected at the Large Hadron Collider, LHC. The LEP measurements are the cornerstones of precision tests of the electroweak Standard Model. The first part of the volume concentrates especially on the high-energy phase of LEP and the measurements of the mass of the W boson and the couplings between the electroweak gauge bosons, giving many details also on other physics effects like Colour Reconnection and Bose-Einstein correlations. The discussion of the recent determination of the Standard Model parameters leads eventually to the future electroweak physics at the LHC. After introducing the experimental details, the improvements envisaged with respect to today's measurements are summarized. The expectations for searches for the Standard Model Higgs boson conclude the presentation of LHC physics. The reader obtains a concise view of the present day status of electroweak physics and an outlook to the near future, illustrated with many informative figures and tables.
Electroweak Physics at the Large Hadron Collider with the ATLAS Detector: Standard Model Measurement, Supersymmetry Searches, Excesses, and Upgrade Electronics (Springer Theses)
by Elodie ResseguieThis thesis discusses searches for electroweakly produced supersymmetric partners of the gauge and the Higgs bosons (gauginos and higgsinos) decaying to multiple leptons, using pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV. The thesis presents an in-depth study of multiple searches, as well as the first 13 TeV cross section measurement for the dominant background in these searches, WZ production. Two searches were performed using 36.1/fb of data: the gaugino search, which makes use of a novel kinematic variable, and the higgsino search, which produced the first higgsino limits at the LHC. A search using 139/fb of data makes use of a new technique developed in this thesis to cross check an excess of data above the background expectation in a search using a Recursive Jigsaw Reconstruction technique. None of the searches showed a significant excess of data, and limits were expanded with respect to previous results.These searches will benefit from the addition of luminosity during HL-LHC; however, the current detector will not be able to withstand the increase in radiation. Electronics for the detector upgrade are tested and irradiated to ensure their performance.
Electroweak Physics at the LHC
by Matthias U. MozerThe book discusses the recent experimental results obtained at the LHCthat involve electroweak bosons. The results are placed into an appropriatetheoretical and historical context. The work pays special attention to therising subject of hadronically decaying bosons with high boosts, documentingthe state-of-the-art identification techniques and highlighting typical results. The text is not limited to electroweak physics in thestrict sense, but also discusses the use of electroweak vector-bosons as toolin the study of other subjects in particle physics, such as determinations ofthe proton structure or the search for new exotic particles. The book isparticularly well suited for graduate students, starting their thesis work ontopics that involve electroweak bosons, as the book provides a comprehensivedescription of phenomena observable at current accelerators as well as asummary of the most relevant experimental techniques.
Electroweak Processes in External Active Media
by Alexander Kuznetsov Nickolay MikheevExpanding on the concept of the authors' previous book "Electroweak Processes in External Electromagnetic Fields," this new book systematically describes the investigation methods for the effects of external active media, both strong electromagnetic fields and hot dense plasma, in quantum processes. Solving the solar neutrino puzzle in a unique experiment conducted with the help of the heavy-water detector at the Sudbery Neutrino Observatory, along with another neutrino experiments, brings to the fore electroweak physics in an active external medium. It is effectively demonstrated that processes of neutrino interactions with active media of astrophysical objects may lead, under some physical conditions, to such interesting effects as neutrino-driven shockwave revival in a supernova explosion, a "cherry stone shooting" mechanism for pulsar natal kick, and a neutrino pulsar. It is also shown how poor estimates of particle dispersion in external active media sometimes lead to confusion. The book will appeal to graduate and post-graduate students of theoretical physics with a prior understanding of Quantum Field Theory (QFT) and the Standard Model of Electroweak Interactions, as well as to specialists in QFT who want to know more about the problems of quantum phenomena in hot dense plasma and external electromagnetic fields.
Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
by Mgr. Adam SmetanaWith this thesis the author contributes to the development of a non-mainstream but long-standing approach to electroweak symmetry breaking based on an analogy with superconductivity. Electroweak symmetry breaking is assumed to be caused by dynamically generated masses of typical fermions, i. e. , of quarks and leptons, which in turn assumes a new dynamics between quarks and leptons. Primarily it is designed to generate fermion masses and electroweak symmetry breaking is an automatic consequence. After the summary of the topic, the first main part of the thesis addresses the question as to whether the masses of known quarks and leptons provide sufficiently strong sources of electroweak symmetry breaking. It is demonstrated that neutrino masses subject to the seesaw mechanism are indispensable ingredients. The other two parts of the thesis are dedicated to the presentation of two particular models: The first model is based on the new strong Yukawa dynamics and serves as a platform for studying the ability to reproduce fermion masses. The second, more realistic model introduces a flavor gauge dynamics and its phenomenological consequences are studied. Even though, in the past, this type of models has already been of some interest, following the discovery of the Standard-Model-like Higgs particle, it is regaining its relevance.
Electrowetting: Fundamental Principles and Practical Applications
by Frieder Mugele Jason HeikenfeldStarting from the basic principles of wetting, electrowetting and fluid dynamics all the way up to those engineering aspects relevant for the development of specific devices, this is a comprehensive introduction and overview of the theoretical and practical aspects. Written by two of the most knowledgeable experts in the field, the text covers both current as well as possible future applications, providing basic working principles of lab-on-a-chip devices and such optofluidic devices as adaptive lenses and optical switches. Furthermore, novel e-paper display technology, energy harvesting and supercapacitors as well as electrowetting in the nano-world are discussed. Finally, the book contains a series of exercises and questions for use in courses on microfluidics or electrowetting. With its all-encompassing scope, this book will equally serve the growing community of students and academic and industrial researchers as both an introduction and a standard reference.
An Elegant Defense: The Extraordinary New Science of the Immune System: A Tale in Four Lives
by Matt RichtelA magnificently reported and soulfully crafted exploration of the human immune system–the key to health and wellness, life and death. An epic, first-of-its-kind book, entwining leading-edge scientific discovery with the intimate stories of four individual lives, by the Pulitzer Prize–winning New York Times journalist.“An Elegant Defense by Matt Richtel is one of those rare nonfiction books that transcends the genre. On one level it is a fascinating and engrossing account of the latest, and quite astonishing, discoveries involving the human immune system and how it works. But it is also a story about people facing mortality, about the passion of scientists searching for truth, and a meditation on death and how all of us struggle with the ultimate mystery. Heartfelt and moving, full of compassion, love, and the human drama, this is the work of a writer of high ethical character who is grappling with big issues and deep humanistic problems. What an inspiring and wonderful read. I highly recommend this extraordinary book.” —DOUGLAS PRESTON, #1 bestselling author of The Lost City of the Monkey God
Elegant SciPy: The Art of Scientific Python
by Juan Nunez-Iglesias Stéfan van der Walt Harriet DashnowWelcome to Scientific Python and its community. If you’re a scientist who programs with Python, this practical guide not only teaches you the fundamental parts of SciPy and libraries related to it, but also gives you a taste for beautiful, easy-to-read code that you can use in practice. You’ll learn how to write elegant code that’s clear, concise, and efficient at executing the task at hand.Throughout the book, you’ll work with examples from the wider scientific Python ecosystem, using code that illustrates principles outlined in the book. Using actual scientific data, you’ll work on real-world problems with SciPy, NumPy, Pandas, scikit-image, and other Python libraries.Explore the NumPy array, the data structure that underlies numerical scientific computationUse quantile normalization to ensure that measurements fit a specific distributionRepresent separate regions in an image with a Region Adjacency GraphConvert temporal or spatial data into frequency domain data with the Fast Fourier TransformSolve sparse matrix problems, including image segmentations, with SciPy’s sparse modulePerform linear algebra by using SciPy packagesExplore image alignment (registration) with SciPy’s optimize moduleProcess large datasets with Python data streaming primitives and the Toolz library
The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory
by Brian GreeneA new edition of the New York Times bestseller--now a three-part Nova special: a fascinating and thought-provoking journey through the mysteries of space, time, and matter. Now with a new preface (not in any other edition) that will review the enormous public reception of the relatively obscure string theory--made possible by this book and an increased number of adherents amongst physicists--The Elegant Universe "sets a standard that will be hard to beat" (New York Times Book Review). Brian Greene, one of the world's leading string theorists, peels away the layers of mystery surrounding string theory to reveal a universe that consists of eleven dimensions, where the fabric of space tears and repairs itself, and all matter--from the smallest quarks to the most gargantuan supernovas--is generated by the vibrations of microscopically tiny loops of energy. Today physicists and mathematicians throughout the world are feverishly working on one of the most ambitious theories ever proposed: superstring theory. String theory, as it is often called, is the key to the Unified Field Theory that eluded Einstein for more than thirty years. Finally, the century-old antagonism between the large and the small-General Relativity and Quantum Theory-is resolved. String theory proclaims that all of the wondrous happenings in the universe, from the frantic dancing of subatomic quarks to the majestic swirling of heavenly galaxies, are reflections of one grand physical principle and manifestations of one single entity: microscopically tiny vibrating loops of energy, a billionth of a billionth the size of an atom. In this brilliantly articulated and refreshingly clear book, Greene relates the scientific story and the human struggle behind twentieth-century physics' search for a theory of everything. Through the masterful use of metaphor and analogy, The Elegant Universe makes some of the most sophisticated concepts ever contemplated viscerally accessible and thoroughly entertaining, bringing us closer than ever to understanding how the universe works.
The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory
by Brian R. GreeneGreene, one of the world's leading string theorists, peels away the layers of mystery to reveal a universe of 11 dimensions where the fabric of space tears and repairs itself, in this "New York Times" bestseller that features a new Preface and Epilogue.
The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory (25th Anniversary Edition)
by Brian GreeneNATIONAL BESTSELLER Finalist for the Pulitzer Prize A new edition of the iconic bestseller that introduced legions to modern physics and the quest for the ultimate understanding of the cosmos, featuring a new preface and epilogue. With a rare blend of scientific insight and writing as graceful as the theories it so deftly explains, The Elegant Universe remains the unrivaled account of the modern search for the deepest laws of nature: “a standard that will be hard to beat” (George Johnson, New York Times Book Review). In this new 25th anniversary edition, renowned physicist and author Brian Greene—“the single best explainer of abstruse concepts in the world today” (Washington Post)—updates his classic work with a new preface and epilogue summarizing the significant theoretical and experimental developments over the past quarter-century. From established science, including relativity and quantum mechanics, to the cutting edge of thinking on black holes, string theory, and quantum gravity, The Elegant Universe makes some of the most sophisticated concepts ever contemplated thoroughly accessible and entertaining, bringing us closer than ever to comprehending how the universe works.
Elektrische Biosignale in der Medizintechnik
by Peter HusarDas grundlegende Kompendium führt in das zunehmend wichtiger werdende Thema der Biosginalverarbeitung ein. Der inhaltliche Aufbau orientiert sich an der Abfolge der diagnostischen Kette: von Sensorik, Signalverstärkung und -konditionierung über Signalabtastung und -digitalisierung, Methoden der Biosignalverarbeitung bis zu Auswertung und Diagnosevorschlag. Dabei liefert jedes Kapitel das entsprechende theoretische und methodische Wissen, behandelt Realisierungsalternativen und stellt Praxisbeispiele sowie die aktuell verfügbare Technik vor.