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Explanatorium of the Earth (DK Explanatorium)
by DKWelcome to the Explanatorium of the Earth - the only Earth encyclopedia for children you'll ever need, with amazing photographs of everything from supervolcanoes to tsunamis.What makes volcanoes erupt? Why are tornadoes and hurricanes so destructive? How do rocks, fossils, and gems form? Explanatorium of the Earth takes you on an incredible voyage deep into the heart of our planet and back to discover the powerful forces that continually shape and remodel our ever-changing world. Discover how tectonic plates tear apart and collide, moving inch by inch to create continents, mountain ranges, oceans, and volcanoes. Witness the destructive power of earthquakes, tsunamis, and hurricanes. Learn how the slow but relentless process of erosion and weathering wear away rock, reducing mountains to dust and carving valleys and canyons into the land. And learn how the living world and rock cycles have worked together for millions of years to stabilize the planet's climate, keeping Earth suitable for life.
The Explanatory Autonomy of the Biological Sciences (Routledge Studies in the Philosophy of Science)
by Wei FangThis book argues for the explanatory autonomy of the biological sciences. It does so by showing that scientific explanations in the biological sciences cannot be reduced to explanations in the fundamental sciences such as physics and chemistry and by demonstrating that biological explanations are advanced by models rather than laws of nature. To maintain the explanatory autonomy of the biological sciences, the author argues against explanatory reductionism and shows that explanation in the biological sciences can be achieved without reduction. Then, he demonstrates that the biological sciences do not have laws of nature. Instead of laws, he suggests that biological models usually do the explanatory work. To understand how a biological model can explain phenomena in the world, the author proposes an inferential account of model explanation. The basic idea of this account is that, for a model to be explanatory, it must answer two kinds of questions: counterfactual-dependence questions that concern the model itself and hypothetical questions that concern the relationship between the model and its target system. The reason a biological model can answer these two kinds of questions is due to the fact that a model is a structure, and the holistic relationship between the model and its target warrants the hypothetical inference from the model to its target and thus helps to answer the second kind of question. The Explanatory Autonomy of the Biological Sciences will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working in philosophy of science, philosophy of biology and metaphysics.
Explanatory Pluralism
by C. MantzavinosExplaining phenomena is one of the main activities in which scientists engage. This book proposes a new philosophical theory of scientific explanation by developing and defending the position of explanatory pluralism with the help of the notion of 'explanatory games'. Mantzavinos provides a descriptive account of the explanatory activity of scientists in different domains and shows how they differ from commonsensical explanations offered in everyday life by ordinary people and also from explanations offered in religious contexts. He also shows how an evaluation and a critical appraisal of explanations put forward in different social arenas can take place on the basis of different values. Explanatory Pluralism provides solutions to all important descriptive and normative problems of the philosophical theory of explanation as illustrated in sophisticated case studies from economics and medicine, but also from mythology and religion.
Explodierende Vielfalt: Wie Komplexität entsteht
by Eberhard KlemptVerstehen wir die Welt? Wie ist unsere Welt entstanden? Warum gibt es so viel Materie und so wenig Antimaterie? Wie bildeten sich die weiträumigen Strukturen in unserem Universum? Und wie entstanden aus der unbelebten Materie die ersten reproduktionsfähigen Lebewesen? Welcher Anpassungsdruck erzeugte die Artenvielfalt und letztlich die Hominiden? Wie entwickelten sich Bewusstsein, Kreativität, Religion? In dem vorliegenden Buch beantworten herausragende Wissenschaftler diese und viele weitere spannende Fragen und erklären, wie aus einfachen Anfängen und simplen Regeln immer wieder komplizierte Strukturen entstanden sind. Diese sogenannte Selbstorganisation wird an Beispielen aus den verschiedensten Disziplinen demonstriert – sei es bei der Geburt des Universums, auf der Ebene der Quarks und der Atome, bei der Entstehung des Lebens und bei seiner Ausdifferenzierung in die Vielzahl der Lebensformen bis hin zum Menschen selbst, mit seinen kulturell und wissenschaftlich immer höher entwickelten Gesellschaften. Interessierte Leser können mit Hilfe dieses Buches nachvollziehen, mit welchen Erkenntnissen und Thesen die Wissenschaft heute erklärt, wie die Natur mit einfachen Grundbausteinen und Gesetzen solch komplexe Gefüge geschaffen hat.
Explodierende Zahnplomben und vergiftete Pralinen: Die merkwürdigsten Wissenschaftler aller Zeiten
by Winfried KöppelleEin schottischer Genetiker begeistert sich für Sauerstoffentzug und Stickstoffvergiftungen, pustet sich Zigarrenrauch durchs perforierte Trommelfell und steckt die eigene Gattin in seine Unterdruckkammer.Eine inselbegabte Autistin kriecht auf allen Vieren durch Schlachthöfe, entspannt sich in ihrer selbsterfundenen „Presskiste“, und steigt zur führenden Expertin für humanes Metzgerhandwerk auf.Ein Selfmade-Chemiker rottet mit seinen Erfindungen beinahe die Menschheit aus – und erwürgt sich mit einer seiner Konstruktionen versehentlich selbst.Ein Anthropologie-Professor fabriziert an der Uni illegale Drogen und wandert hinter Gitter. Nach seiner Entlassung schickt er seinem Richter vergiftete Pralinen – und bekommt lebenslänglich.Wer schon immer vermutete, dass intelligente Menschen oft auch sehr eigenartige Zeitgenossen sind – hier der Beweis: Zehn Kurzbiografien zwischen Genie und Wahnsinn – zehnmal Unerhörtes, Sagenhaftes, Haarsträubendes und Skandalöses aus der elitären Welt der Spitzenforschung.
Exploding Stars and Invisible Planets: The Science of What's Out There
by Fred WatsonWhat happens to space and matter near a black hole? Where did the moon come from? How do we know what stars are made of? Are we alone in the universe?In Exploding Stars and Invisible Planets, Fred Watson, an award-winning astronomer, presents the most up-to-date knowledge on hot topics in astronomy and space science, providing a fascinating and entertaining account of the latest research. Watson explains how to find invisible planets around other stars, why dark matter matters, and the future of citizen space travel, all while recounting the seismic shifts in understanding that have taken place during his illustrious career.The book features illuminating discussions of microbes in space; the dividing line between day and night; exploding stars and light echoes; fast radio bursts and signals from space; meteors, meteorites, and space dust; what happened to the Martian ocean; the seas and lakes of Titan; and the birth of the universe.
Exploitation of Fungi: Symposium of the British Mycological Society Held at the University of Manchester September 2005
by G. D. Robson G. M. GaddThe fungi are a highly diverse kingdom of eukaryotic microbes. Recent advances in molecular genetics, together with the release of whole genome sequences of an increasing number of fungi, are facilitating their exploitation and commercialisation. Fungi have the ability to secrete large quantities of proteins of commercial value, and their complex secondary metabolic pathways produce a diverse range of bioactive compounds which have had a major impact in the pharmaceuticals market. In addition, the fungi themselves are increasingly being developed as alternatives to conventional chemically-based pest control strategies, and as bioremediation agents capable of transforming pollutants in the soil environment. With chapters written by international experts, this volume highlights current and future biological, biochemical, and molecular exploitation of the fungi in biotechnology. It will have broad appeal, not only to mycologists and microbiologists, but also to biomedical scientists, biotechnologists, environmental and molecular scientists, plant pathologists and geneticists.
Exploiting the Use of Strong Nonlinearity in Dynamics and Acoustics (CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences #613)
by Oleg V. Gendelman Alexander F. VakakisThis book covers the latest ideas and approaches in strongly nonlinear dynamical and acoustical systems and discusses appropriate modelling tools and practical examples highlighting the non-standard and non-stationary aspects of this challenging, yet so promising area. The contributions investigate and present the intentional use of nonlinearity in the most challenging field of acoustics, the latest developments in transient dynamics of strongly nonlinear systems, the subtle numeric problems arising while exploring nonlinear normal modes, the fascinating topic of nonlinear dynamics of wind musical instruments, the novel developments in the field of global nonlinear dynamics, some multi-faceted mathematical challenges in the dynamics of hysteretic systems, and lastly offers theoretical, numeric and experimental insights into the intricate dynamics of systems with contact nonlinearities. The need for such a work is underscored by the fact that accounting for, understanding of, and designing with nonlinearities is becoming an emerging universal trend in engineering practice, and is predicted to be even more so in the future. The book demonstrates that the idea of exploiting strong nonlinearity in dynamical and acoustical systems has transitioned from few early theoretical works to a diverse theoretical and experimental body of current research.
¡Explora! (Explore): Descubre un mundo de conocimiento con cientos de mapas y diagramas
by DK¿Quién dijo que los mapas sirven solo para mostrar lugares? Descubre el mundo desde una nueva perspectiva a través de mapas, diagramas e increíbles ilustraciones.¡Observa cómo es nuestro sistema circulatorio, una colmena de abejas, la migración de las ballenas, castillos medievales, sistemas políticos o rutas de vuelo! Este libro infantil invita a los más pequeños a explorar el mundo que les rodea y profundiza en diferentes áreas de la ciencia, la historia, la naturaleza, la Tierra, el espacio y mucho más a través de mapas, diagramas e información complementaria. Un recurso excelente para aprender visualmente y absorber información a primera vista de forma divertida.---------------------------------Maps can be used to show more than just places. Inside this book, you will find maps that explore areas of science, history, nature, and space, alongside diagrams to help you delve deeper into each topic.Discover maps of the human circulatory system, a beehive, the migration of whales, medieval castles, political systems, flight paths, the Earth’s layers, atoms, and much more. Using maps as a visual tool, topics can be represented in ways that make sense to readers at first sight, then enhanced with supporting diagrams and information. This unique book features many subjects, including all the classics you’d expect to find and many more you wouldn’t. Explore is the next generation of DK’s innovative and unparalleled children’s reference.
Exploradores del futuro: Como la ciencia del mañana traspasará las barreras de lo que imaginamos hoy
by Juan ScaliterLos avances científicos se suceden a un ritmo desorbitado debido a la simbiosis entre ciencia y tecnología.Una semana de lectura de un periódico serio aporta más conocimiento del que una persona del siglo XVIII podría abarcar a lo largo de toda su vida. En solo tres años un ordenador equiparará la capacidad de procesamiento del cerebro humano, y en el 2049 la capacidad de toda la población del planeta. La información nueva sobre ciencia y tecnología que se generará este último año superará a la de los últimos 5.000 años. Estas son algunas de las premisas que nos presenta Juan Scáliter. El progreso es indudablemente positivo, pero puede ser fuente de muchos problemas si no sabemos cómo adaptarnos. El autor propone cambios drásticos para el desarrollo adecuado de nuestra especie y nos explica cuáles son las estrategias viables y necesarias para poder optimizar todos estos cambios y convertirnos en arquitectos de nuestro futuro.
Exploration and Engineering: The Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the Quest for Mars (New Series in NASA History)
by Erik M. ConwayGetting to Mars required engineering genius, scientific strategy, and the drive to persevere in the face of failure.Although the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, has become synonymous with the United States’ planetary exploration during the past half century, its most recent focus has been on Mars. Beginning in the 1990s and continuing through the Mars Phoenix mission of 2007, JPL led the way in engineering an impressive, rapidly evolving succession of Mars orbiters and landers, including roving robotic vehicles whose successful deployment onto the Martian surface posed some of the most complicated technical problems in space flight history.In Exploration and Engineering, Erik M. Conway reveals how JPL engineers’ creative technological feats led to major breakthroughs in Mars exploration. He takes readers into the heart of the lab’s problem-solving approach and management structure, where talented scientists grappled with technical challenges while also coping, not always successfully, with funding shortfalls, unrealistic schedules, and managerial turmoil.Conway, JPL’s historian, offers an insider’s perspective into the changing goals of Mars exploration, the ways in which sophisticated computer simulations drove the design process, and the remarkable evolution of landing technologies over a thirty-year period.
Exploration and Meaning Making in the Learning of Science
by Bernard ZubrowskiThis book provides a broad and deep rationale for various pedagogical practices associated with the teaching of science. The main thesis of this book is that the exploratory phase of scientific inquiry is undervalued and its purpose misunderstood. Furthermore, there is a need for an expanded conception or alternative way of thinking about the so called learning cycle that has been frequently cited as the pedagogical model for a fair number of curriculum programs. A pedagogical model is proposed that recognizes learning cycles as ones that build on each other in an in-depth developmental manner. It presents an alternative paradigm that gives more attention to the motivation of students and assigns an essential role for student input. The overall goal is to move the reader to think more holistically about the practice of science education. This original and unorthodox book summarizes the author's present thinking about curriculum design and direct work with students. The author draws upon his varied experiences to present a case for the importance of direct engagement with phenomena and materials. He argues that this practice is more than a matter of motivating students to become engaged in inquiry. The first four chapters lay out different levels of a pedagogical approach and an overall theoretical orientation. The middle chapters focus on what might be called sensory knowledge. These are concerned with the role of different sensory engagement, movement as related to gestural representation and the role of empathy in exploration. The last four chapters are about the role of aesthetic, play, variable exploration and metaphor in their shaping of science education experiences. Each chapter is introduced with a scenario or case study describing the behavior and talk of elementary or middle school students. The intention of these scenarios is to help the reader stay grounded while considering the more abstract development of research reports and broader philosophical issues.
The Exploration of Near-Earth Objects
by Committee on Planetary Lunar ExplorationA report on The Exploration of Near-Earth Objects
Exploration of Quantum Transport Phenomena via Engineering Emergent Magnetic Fields in Topological Magnets (Springer Theses)
by Yukako FujishiroThis book addresses novel electronic and thermoelectronic properties arising from topological spin textures as well as topologically non-trivial electronic structures. In particular, it focuses on a unique topological spin texture, i.e., spin hedgehog lattice, emerging in a chiral magnet and explore its novel properties which are distinct from the conventional skyrmion lattice, and discusses the possibility of realizing high-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect through quantum confinement effect in topological semimetal. This book benefits students and researchers working in the field of condensed matter physics, through providing comprehensive understanding of the current status and the outlook in the field of topological magnets.
The Exploration of Space
by Sir Arthur C. ClarkeArthur C. Clarke was renowned for his science fiction, but his understanding of the subject was more than imagined.First published in 1951, this painstakingly-researched non-fiction book shows the depth of Clarke's expertise - he predicts the moon landings nearly two decades before they occurred, explores the potential use of satellites for communications more than ten years before Telstar 1 was put into orbit, and goes on to discuss the potential of space stations and long range orbital telescopes.Informed by interviews with the foremost scientists and engineers of the time, Clarke presents his thesis for how man will explore space . . . and the reader can measure his predictions against reality.'He was a great visionary, a brilliant science fiction writer and a great forecaster. He foresaw communications satellites, a nationwide network of computers, interplanetary travel; he said there would be a man on the moon by 1970, while I said 1980' - and he was right' Sir Patrick Moore
The Exploration of Supramolecular Systems and Nanostructures by Photochemical Techniques
by Paola CeroniThe Exploration of Supramolecular Systems and Nanostructures by Photochemical Techniques provides a comprehensive view of the most commonly used photochemical and photophysical techniques and their applications to the study of supramolecular systems. Optical inputs are extremely powerful in the study of nanostructures since they can be used both to "read" the state of the system and to provide it energy to work. After a brief introduction to the realm of photochemistry, electronically excited state formation and the different pathways of excited state deactivation, the book focuses on the theoretical basis and the practical aspects related to the most widely used photophysical and photochemical techniques, from absorption to time-resolved emission techniques with polarized light. Each chapter illustrates an example of the application of that particular technique to the study of a supramolecular system. The Exploration of Supramolecular Systems and Nanostructures by Photochemical Techniques not only discusses the latest advances of the field of supramolecular photochemistry but it also offers technical and operative details useful in the laboratory. It is therefore suitable for both the novice and the expert.
Exploration of the Outer Heliosphere and the Local Interstellar Medium: A WORKSHOP REPORT
by Committee on Solar Space PhysicsA report on the Exploration of the Outer Heliosphere and the Local Interstellar Medium
Explorations: An Introduction to Astronomy (4th edition)
by Thomas ArnyBasic astronomical concepts explained for the novice.
Explorations: An Introduction to Astronomy (7th Edition)
by Thomas T. Arny Stephen E. SchneiderExplorations-An Introduction to Astronomy,7th edition, is built on the foundation of its well known writing style, accuracy, and emphasis on current information.
Explorations: An Introduction to Astronomy (A/P Physics Series)
by Thomas T. Arny Stephen E. SchneiderNIMAC-sourced textbook
Explorations: An Introduction to Astronomy
by Thomas T. Arny Stephen E. Schneider6th Edition Explorations: An Introduction to Astronomy is built on the foundation of its well known writing style, accuracy, and emphasis on current information. Accessible writing style allows coverage of technically complex ideas without confusing students.
Explorations: An Open Invitation To Biological Anthropology
by Beth Shook Katie Nelson Kelsie AguileraWelcome to Explorations and biological anthropology! Mission Statement: To provide a high-quality introductory biological anthropology textbook that is readable, engaging, and accessible to all students. With chapters written by experienced instructors and subject area specialists, this textbook addresses the question of what it means to be human by exploring the origins, evolution, and diversification of primates, especially that of our species, Homo sapiens. Anthropology is the study of humanity, in all its biological and cultural aspects, past and present. It is a four-field discipline comprised of biological anthropology, cultural anthropology, archaeology, and linguistic anthropology. The focus of this book is biological anthropology, which explores who we are from biological, evolutionary, and adaptive perspectives. We lay the foundation for this inquiry in the first four chapters by introducing the discipline of anthropology, evolutionary theory, molecular biology and genetics, and the forces of evolution. An electronic version of this textbook is available free of charge at the Society for Anthropology in Community Colleges' webpage here: www.explorations.americananthro.org
Explorations Between Psychoanalysis and Neuroscience: At the Edge of Mind and Brain (The Routledge Neuropsychoanalysis Series)
by David D. OldsExplorations Between Psychoanalysis and Neuroscience brings together the life's work of David Olds, pioneering psychoanalyst, psychiatrist, philosopher, and key figure in neuropsychoanalysis.Throughout the chapters, the reader is taken on a journey through Olds' theories on psychoanalysis and neuroscience as he develops new ways of examining the brain and human thought. Olds instills in the reader the importance of taking an interdisciplinary approach to psychoanalysis, psychiatry and working with patients. He expands upon his philosophical background and integrates evolutionary biology, neurobiology, cognitive science and semiotics to show the importance of dual aspect monism in neuropsychoanalysis. The theories developed by Olds and presented in this volume will help analysts working with patients facing issues with memory, affect, consciousness, cognition and trauma, among other difficulties.This book will be essential reading to psychoanalysts and psychiatrists, as well as anybody interested in neuropsychoanalysis and the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to analytic thinking and practice.
Explorations (Eighth Edition): Introduction to Astronomy
by Thomas T. Arny Stephen E. SchneiderThe eighth edition of Explorations: An Introduction to Astronomy strives to share with students a sense of wonder about the universe and the dynamic, ever-changing science of astronomy. Written for students of various educational backgrounds, Explorations emphasizes current information, a visually exciting art package, accessible writing, and accuracy. The new edition also features the most complete technology support package offered with any astronomy text.
Explorations in Archaeology and Philosophy (Synthese Library #433)
by Anton Killin Sean Allen-HermansonThis volume explores various themes at the intersection of archaeology and philosophy: inference and theory; interdisciplinary connections; cognition, language and normativity; and ethical issues. Showcasing this heterogeneity, its scope ranges from the method of analogical inference to the evolution of the human mind; from conceptual issues in assessing the health of past populations to the ethics of cultural heritage tourism. It probes the archaeological record for evidence of numeracy, curiosity and creativity, and social complexity. Its contributors comprise an interdisciplinary cluster of philosophers, archaeologists, anthropologists, and psychologists, from a variety of career stages, of whom many are leading experts in their fields. Chapter 3 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.