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Gaucher Disease
by Anthony H. Futerman Ari ZimranIn September of 2007 Gaucher Disease received a commendation in the Haematology category of the 2007 British Medical Association Medical Book Competition!Although rare in the general population, Gaucher disease is the most prevalent of the lysosomal storage disorders, making research into this particular orphan disorder an invaluable proto
Gauge Field Theories: 100 Years After General Relativity
by Gunter ScharfOne of the main problems of theoretical physics concerns the unification of gravity with quantum theory. This monograph examines unification by means of the appropriate formulation of quantum gauge invariance. Suitable for advanced undergraduates and graduate students of physics, the treatment requires a basic knowledge of quantum mechanics.Opening chapters introduce the free quantum fields and prepare the field for the gauge structure, describing the inductive construction of the time-ordered products by causal perturbation theory. The analysis of causal gauge invariance follows, with considerations of massless and massive spin-1 gauge fields. Succeeding chapters explore the construction of spin-2 gauge theories, concluding with an examination of nongeometric general relativity that offers an innovate approach to gravity and cosmology.
Gauge Fields: An Introduction To Quantum Theory, Second Edition (Frontiers in Physics #Vol. 50)
by L. D. FaddeevFirst Published in 2018. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an Informa company.
Gauge Invariance Approach to Acoustic Fields
by Woon Siong GanThis book highlights the symmetry properties of acoustic fields and describes the gauge invariance approach, which can be used to reveal those properties. Symmetry is the key theoretical framework of metamaterials, as has been demonstrated by the successful fabrication of acoustical metamaterials. The book first provides the necessary theoretical background, which includes the covariant derivative, the vector potential, and invariance in coordinate transformation. This is followed by descriptions of global gauge invariance (isotropy), and of local gauge invariance (anisotropy). Sections on time reversal symmetry, reflection invariance, and invariance of finite amplitude waves round out the coverage.
Gauge Invariance and Weyl-polymer Quantization
by Franco StrocchiThe book gives an introduction to Weyl non-regular quantization suitable for the description of physically interesting quantum systems, where the traditional Dirac-Heisenberg quantization is not applicable. The latter implicitly assumes that the canonical variables describe observables, entailing necessarily the regularity of their exponentials (Weyl operators). However, in physically interesting cases -- typically in the presence of a gauge symmetry -- non-observable canonical variables are introduced for the description of the states, namely of the relevant representations of the observable algebra. In general, a gauge invariant ground state defines a non-regular representation of the gauge dependent Weyl operators, providing a mathematically consistent treatment of familiar quantum systems -- such as the electron in a periodic potential (Bloch electron), the Quantum Hall electron, or the quantum particle on a circle -- where the gauge transformations are, respectively, the lattice translations, the magnetic translations and the rotations of 2π. Relevant examples are also provided by quantum gauge field theory models, in particular by the temporal gauge of Quantum Electrodynamics, avoiding the conflict between the Gauss law constraint and the Dirac-Heisenberg canonical quantization. The same applies to Quantum Chromodynamics, where the non-regular quantization of the temporal gauge provides a simple solution of the U(1) problem and a simple link between the vacuum structure and the topology of the gauge group. Last but not least, Weyl non-regular quantization is briefly discussed from the perspective of the so-called polymer representations proposed for Loop Quantum Gravity in connection with diffeomorphism invariant vacuum states.
Gauge Theories Of Strong, Weak, And Electromagnetic Interactions: Second Edition
by Chris QuiggThis monograph presents a coherent and elementary introduction to Gauge theories of the fundamental interactions and their applications to high-energy physics. It deals with the logic and structure of local Gauge symmetries and Gauge theories, from quantum electrodynamics through unified theories of the interactions among leptons and quarks. Many explicit calculations provide the reader with practice in computing the consequences of these theories and offer a perspective on key experimental investigations. First published in 1983, this text is ideal for a one-semester course on Gauge theories and particle physics. Specialists in particle physics and others who wish to understand the basic ideas of Gauge theories will find it useful as a reference and for self-study.
Gauge Theories in Particle Physics, 40th Anniversary Edition: From Relativistic Quantum Mechanics to QED, Fifth Edition
by Anthony J.G. Hey Ian J AitchisonThe fifth edition of this well-established, highly regarded two-volume set continues to provide a fundamental introduction to advanced particle physics while incorporating substantial new experimental results, especially in the areas of Higgs and top sector physics, as well as CP violation and neutrino oscillations. It offers an accessible and practical introduction to the three gauge theories comprising the Standard Model of particle physics: quantum electrodynamics (QED), quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg (GSW) electroweak theory.Volume 1 of this updated edition provides a broad introduction to the first of these theories, QED. The book begins with self-contained presentations of relativistic quantum mechanics and electromagnetism as a gauge theory. Lorentz transformations, discrete symmetries, and Majorana fermions are covered. A unique feature is the elementary introduction to quantum field theory, leading in easy stages to covariant perturbation theory and Feynman graphs, thereby establishing a firm foundation for the formal and conceptual framework upon which the subsequent development of the three quantum gauge field theories of the Standard Model is based. Detailed tree-level calculations of physical processes in QED are presented, followed by an elementary treatment of one-loop renormalization of a model scalar field theory, and then by the realistic case of QED. The text includes updates on nucleon structure functions and the status of QED, in particular the precision tests provided by the anomalous magnetic moments of the electron and muon.The authors discuss the main conceptual points of the theory, detail many practical calculations of physical quantities from first principles, and compare these quantitative predictions with experimental results, helping readers improve both their calculation skills and physical insight.Each volume should serve as a valuable handbook for students and researchers in advanced particle physics looking for an introduction to the Standard Model of particle physics.
Gauge Theories in Particle Physics, 40th Anniversary Edition: Non-Abelian Gauge Theories: QCD and The Electroweak Theory, Fifth Edition
by Anthony J.G. Hey Ian J AitchisonThe fifth edition of this well-established, highly regarded two-volume set continues to provide a fundamental introduction to advanced particle physics while incorporating substantial new experimental results, especially in the areas of Higgs and top sector physics, as well as CP violation and neutrino oscillations. It offers an accessible and practical introduction to the three gauge theories comprising the Standard Model of particle physics: quantum electrodynamics (QED), quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg (GSW) electroweak theory.Volume 2 of this updated edition covers the two non-Abelian gauge theories of QCD and the GSW theory. A distinctive feature is the extended treatment of two crucial theoretical tools: spontaneous symmetry breaking and the renormalization group. The underlying physics of these is elucidated by parallel discussions of examples from condensed matter systems: superfluidity and superconductivity, and critical phenomena. This new edition includes updates to jet algorithms, lattice field theory, CP violation and the CKM matrix, and neutrino physics.New to the fifth edition: Tests of the Standard Model in the Higgs and top quark sectors The naturalness problem and responses to it going beyond the Standard Model The Standard Model as an effective field theory Each volume should serve as a valuable handbook for students and researchers in advanced particle physics looking for an accessible introduction to the Standard Model of particle physics.
Gauge Theories of Weak Decays
by Andrzej BurasThis is the first advanced, systematic and comprehensive look at weak decays in the framework of gauge theories. Included is a large spectrum of topics, both theoretical and experimental. In addition to explicit advanced calculations of Feynman diagrams and the study of renormalization group strong interaction effects in weak decays, the book is devoted to the Standard Model Effective Theory, dominating present phenomenology in this field, and to new physics models with the goal of searching for new particles and interactions through quantum fluctuations. This book will benefit theorists, experimental researchers, and Ph.D. students working on flavour physics and weak decays as well as physicists interested in physics beyond the Standard Model. In its concern for the search for new phenomena at short distance scales through the interplay between theory and experiment, this book constitutes a travel guide to physics far beyond the scales explored by the Large Hadron Collider at CERN.
Gauge Theory and Variational Principles (Dover Books on Mathematics)
by David BleeckerThis text provides a framework for describing and organizing the basic forces of nature and the interactions of subatomic particles. A detailed and self-contained mathematical account of gauge theory, it is geared toward beginning graduate students and advanced undergraduates in mathematics and physics. This well-organized treatment supplements its rigor with intuitive ideas.Starting with an examination of principal fiber bundles and connections, the text explores curvature; particle fields, Lagrangians, and gauge invariance; Lagrange's equation for particle fields; and the inhomogeneous field equation. Additional topics include free Dirac electron fields; interactions; calculus on frame bundle; and unification of gauge fields and gravitation. The text concludes with references, a selected bibliography, an index of notation, and a general index.
Gauge/Gravity Duality: Foundations and Applications
by Martin Ammon Johanna ErdmengerGauge/gravity duality creates new links between quantum theory and gravity. It has led to new concepts in mathematics and physics, and provides new tools to solve problems in many areas of theoretical physics. This book is the first textbook on this important topic, enabling graduate students and researchers in string theory and particle, nuclear and condensed matter physics to get acquainted with the subject. Focusing on the fundamental aspects as well as on the applications, this textbook guides readers through a thorough explanation of the central concepts of gauge/gravity duality. For the AdS/CFT correspondence, it explains in detail how string theory provides the conjectured map. Generalisations to less symmetric cases of gauge/gravity duality and their applications are then presented, in particular to finite temperature and density, hydrodynamics, QCD-like theories, the quark-gluon plasma and condensed matter systems. The textbook features a large number of exercises, with solutions available online at www. cambridge. org/9781107010345.
Gauge/String Duality, Hot QCD and Heavy Ion Collisions
by Hong Liu Jorge Casalderrey-Solana David Mateos Krishna Rajagopal Urs Achim WiedemannHeavy ion collision experiments recreating the quark-gluon plasma that filled the microseconds-old universe have established that it is a nearly perfect liquid that flows with such minimal dissipation that it cannot be seen as made of particles. String theory provides a powerful toolbox for studying matter with such properties. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to gauge/string duality and its applications to the study of the thermal and transport properties of quark-gluon plasma, the dynamics of how it forms, the hydrodynamics of how it flows, and its response to probes including jets and quarkonium mesons. Calculations are discussed in the context of data from RHIC and LHC and results from finite temperature lattice QCD. The book is an ideal reference for students and researchers in string theory, quantum field theory, quantum many-body physics, heavy ion physics and lattice QCD.
Gay Shame
by David M. Halperin Valerie TraubEver since the 1969 Stonewall Riots, "gay pride" has been the rallying cry of the gay rights movement and the political force behind the emergence of the field of lesbian and gay studies. But has something been lost, forgotten, or buried beneath the drive to transform homosexuality from a perversion to a proud social identity? Have the political requirements of gay pride repressed discussion of the more uncomfortable or undignified aspects of homosexuality? Gay Shame seeks to lift this unofficial ban on the investigation of homosexuality and shame by presenting critical work from the most vibrant frontier in contemporary queer studies. An esteemed list of contributors tackles a range of issues--questions of emotion, disreputable sexual histories, dissident gender identities, and embarrassing figures and moments in gay history--as they explore the possibility of reclaiming shame as a new, even productive, way to examine lesbian and gay culture. Gay Shame constitutes nothing less than a major redefinition and revitalization of the field.
Gay Voluntary Associations in New York: Public Sharing and Private Lives
by Moshe ShokeidGay Voluntary Associations in New York is a sensitive and insightful ethnography of social groups that have gathered around common interests in an urban LGBT population from the time of the AIDS crisis to the present. Anthropologist Moshe Shokeid examines the social discourse of sex, love, friendship, and spiritual life in which these communities are passionately engaged.<P> Drawn from long-term anthropological research in New York City, Gay Voluntary Associations in New York uses participant observation to explore such diverse social associations and religious organizations as seniors groups, interracials, bisexuals, sexual compulsives, gay bears, and Catholic, Protestant, and Jewish gay congregations. As an outside observer--neither gay nor American-born--Shokeid examines the social discourse within these voluntary associations from a critical vantage point. In addition to the personal information and intimate expressions of empathy freely shared in the company of strangers at social gatherings, individual stories and experiences are woven into the narrative to illustrate the existential conditions and emotional template of gay life in the city. Shokeid's nuanced portrait of the affective relationships within these groups offers deeper comprehension of the social dynamics and emotional realities of gay urban communities in the United States.
Gay, Straight, And The Reason Why: The Science Of Sexual Orientation
by Simon LeVayWhat causes a child to grow up gay or straight? Neuroscientist Simon LeVay summarizes a wealth of scientific evidence that points to one inescapable conclusion: Sexual orientation results primarily from an interaction between genes, sex hormones, and the cells of the developing body and brain. LeVay takes the reader on a whirlwind tour of laboratories that specialize in genetics, endocrinology, neuroscience, cognitive psychology, evolutionary psychology, and family demographics. He describes, for instance, how researchers have manipulated the sex hormone levels of animals during development, causing them to mate preferentially with animals of their own gender. In this second edition, LeVay adds a chapter on bisexuality, reviews some uncommon forms of sexuality, and considers whether there could be a biological basis for subtypes of gay people such as "butch" and "femme" lesbians.
Gaṇitānanda: Selected Works of Radha Charan Gupta on History of Mathematics
by K. RamasubramanianThis book includes 58 selected articles that highlight the major contributions of Professor Radha Charan Gupta—a doyen of history of mathematics—written on a variety of important topics pertaining to mathematics and astronomy in India. It is divided into ten parts. Part I presents three articles offering an overview of Professor Gupta’s oeuvre. The four articles in Part II convey the importance of studies in the history of mathematics. Parts III–VII constituting 33 articles, feature a number of articles on a variety of topics, such as geometry, trigonometry, algebra, combinatorics and spherical trigonometry, which not only reveal the breadth and depth of Professor Gupta’s work, but also highlight his deep commitment to the promotion of studies in the history of mathematics. The ten articles of part VIII, present interesting bibliographical sketches of a few veteran historians of mathematics and astronomy in India. Part IX examines the dissemination of mathematical knowledge across different civilisations. The last part presents an up-to-date bibliography of Gupta’s work. It also includes a tribute to him in Sanskrit composed in eight verses.
GeNeDis 2020: Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1338)
by Panayiotis VlamosThe 4th World Congress on Genetics, Geriatrics and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research (GeNeDis 2020) focuses on the latest major challenges in scientific research, new drug targets, the development of novel biomarkers, new imaging techniques, novel protocols for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, and several other scientific advances, with the aim of better, safer, and healthier aging. Computational methodologies for implementation on the discovery of biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases are extensively discussed. This volume focuses on the sessions from the conference regarding computational biology and bioinformatics.
GeNeDis 2020: Genetics and Neurodegenerative Diseases (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1339)
by Panayiotis VlamosThe 4th World Congress on Genetics, Geriatrics, and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research (GeNeDis 2020) focuses on the latest major challenges in scientific research, new drug targets, the development of novel biomarkers, new imaging techniques, novel protocols for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, and several other scientific advances, with the aim of better, safer, and healthier aging. The relation between genetics and its effect on several diseases are thoroughly examined in this volume. This volume focuses on the sessions from the conference on Genetics and Neurodegenerative Diseases.
GeNeDis 2022: Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1424)
by Panagiotis VlamosThe 5th World Congress on Genetics, Geriatrics and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research (GeNeDis 2022) focuses on the latest major challenges in scientific research, new drug targets, the development of novel biomarkers, new imaging techniques, novel protocols for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, and several other scientific advances, with the aim of better, safer, and healthier aging. Computational methodologies for implementation on the discovery of biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases are extensively discussed. This volume focuses on the sessions from the conference regarding computational biology and bioinformatics.
GeNeDis 2022: Molecular, Chemical, and Cellular Biology (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1423)
by Panagiotis VlamosThe 5th World Congress on Genetics, Geriatrics and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research (GeNeDis 2022) focuses on the latest major challenges in scientific research, new drug targets, the development of novel biomarkers, new imaging techniques, novel protocols for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, and several other scientific advances, with the aim of better, safer, and healthier aging. This volume focuses on the sessions from the conference on Molecular Biology, Chemical Biology, and Cellular Biology.
GeNeDis 2022: Neuroscientific Advances (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1425)
by Panagiotis VlamosThe 5th World Congress on Genetics, Geriatrics, and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research (GeNeDis 2022) focuses on the latest major challenges in scientific research, new drug targets, the development of novel biomarkers, new imaging techniques, novel protocols for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, and several other scientific advances, with the aim of better, safer, and healthier aging. This volume focuses on the sessions from the conference on Neuroscientific Advances.
Gear Accuracy: A Treatise on Gear Noise Excitation, Vibration Generation, and Dynamics of Operation (Mechanical Engineering Series)
by Stephen P. RadzevichThis book provides a comprehensive profile the range of developments in gear science and gear engineering mainly those related to noise emission and vibration generation. The problem of noise emission and vibration generation is a challenging one. This scientific and engineering problem requires efforts of gear experts of different areas, and it got no satisfactory solution yet. Gear experts of different countries (USA, Israel, Poland, and Ukraine) have contributed to this volume. The latest accomplishments in scientific theory of gearing, gear design, production, inspection, and application are covered by this volume. The readers’ attention is focused mainly on the achievements in the field that lead to a significant reduction of gear noise excitation and vibration generation in gearing of all designs, namely, in parallel-axes gearing, in intersected-axes gearing, and in crossed-axes gearing. The concept of geometrically-accurate gearing (parallel-axes gearing, intersected-axes gearing, and crossed-axes gearing) is lays in the foundation of the undertaken research on gear noise emission and vibration generation. To the best possible extent, the kinematical and geometrical components of the problem under consideration are outlined at the beginning of this volume of the book when the accuracy of gears are discussed. The illustration of the various aspects of the problem is provided in the rest sections of the book volume. In particular, the readers’ attention is focused here also on the key problems, the poor knowledge of the scientific theory of gearing may lead to. This latter issue arouses even in leading gear manufacturing companies. The bottom line is as follows: In order to succeed in solving the noise excitation, and the vibration generation problem in gearing, high level of proficiency in the scientific theory of gearing is a must, as this theory provides the user with an in-depth understanding of meshing of the gear teeth, as well as with powerful tools to solve gear problems of this sort in cases when something goes wrong.
Gear Drive Systems: Design and Application (Mechanical Engineering #20)
by Peter LynwanderThis outstanding reference provides the complete range of practical and theoretical information - with over 250 detailed illustartions, fugures and table- needed to design, manufacture and operate reliable, efficient gear drive systems, emphasizing parallel shaft and planetary units with spur and helical gearing.
Gear Noise and Vibration (Mechanical Engineering)
by J. Derek SmithBased on over 40 years of consultation and teaching experience, Gear Noise and Vibration demonstrates logical gear noise and vibration approaches without the use of complex mathematics or lengthy computation methods. The second edition offers new and extended discussions on high- and low-contact ratio gears, lightly loaded gears, planetary and spli
Gears in Design, Production and Education: A Tribute to Prof. Veniamin Goldfarb (Mechanisms and Machine Science #101)
by Natalya Barmina Evgenii TrubachevThis book is the fourth volume in the series devoted to gear engineering and computer-aided design, production, testing and education. It comprises fundamental and applied research contributions by scientists and gear experts from all the world and covers recent developments and historical achievements in various spheres of mechanical engineering related to different kinds of gears, transmissions, and drive systems. It gathers contributions describing the advanced approaches to research, design, testing and production of practically all common and new kinds of gears for a vast number of advanced applications. Special attention is paid to issues of higher education in the field of gears. The book is intended as a tribute to professor Veniamin Goldfarb (1941-2019), one of the world-known leaders in the field of gear research, education and production, who contributed much to the active international cooperation of gear experts and to promotion of MMS science. The introductory chapter of this book relates his research to major developments in the field of mechanisms and machine science and outlines important contributions that he made within the period of 1964-2019.