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Handbook of Surface Metrology
by David J. WhitehouseWritten by the leading authority in the subject, Handbook of Surface Metrology covers every conceivable aspect of measuring and characterizing a surface. Focusing both on theory and practice, the book provides useful guidelines for the design of precision instruments and presents data on the functional importance of surfaces. It also clearly explains the essential theory relevant to surface metrology. The book defines most terms and parameters according to national and international standards. Many examples and illustrations are drawn from the esteemed author's large fund of groundbreaking research work. This unparalleled, all-encompassing "metrology bible" is beneficial for engineering postgraduate students and researchers involved in tribology, instrumentation, data processing, and metrology.
Handbook of Surveillance Technologies
by J.K. Petersen Pamela TaylorFrom officially sanctioned, high-tech operations to budget spy cameras and cell phone video, this updated and expanded edition of a bestselling handbook reflects the rapid and significant growth of the surveillance industry. The Handbook of Surveillance Technologies, Third Edition is the only comprehensive work to chronicle the background and curre
Handbook of Sustainability Science in the Future: Policies, Technologies and Education by 2050
by Walter Leal Filho Anabela Marisa Azul Federica Doni Amanda Lange SalviaHumanity will have to cope with many problems in the coming decades: for instance, the world population is likely grow to to 8,8 billion people by 2035. Also, changing climate conditions are negatively affecting the livelihoods of millions of people. In particular, environmental disasters are causing substantial damages to properties. From a social perspective, the inequalities between rich and poor nations are becoming even deeper, and in many countries, conflicts between national and international interest groups are intensifying.The above state of affairs suggest that a broader understanding of the trends which may lead to a more sustainable world is needed, especially those which may pave the way for future developments. In other words, we need to pave the way for sustainable futures.Consistent with this reality, the proposed Encyclopedia of Sustainability Futures aims to identify, document and disseminate ideas, experiences and visions from scientists, member of nongovernmental organisations, decision-makers industry representatives and citizens, on themes and issues which will be important in pursuing sustainable future scenarios. In particular, the publication will focus on scientific aspects, as well as on social and economic ones, also considering matters related to financing and infra-structures, which are important in pursuing a sustainable future.The Encyclopedia of Sustainability Futures will involve the contributing authors in line with theprinciple of co-generation, from across a wide range of disciplines, e.g. education and social sciences, natural sciences, engineering, the arts, languages etc, with papers adopting a long-term sustainability perspective, with a time horizon until 2050. The focus will be on themes which are felt as important in the future, and the chapters are expected to interest and motivate a world audience.This book is part of the "100 papers to accelerate the implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals initiative"!
Handbook of Sustainable Development and Leisure Services (World Sustainability Series)
by Adrian Lubowiecki-Vikuk Bruno Miguel Barbosa de Sousa Bojan M. Đerčan Walter Leal FilhoThis book reviews empirical and theoretical research on sustainable development in the context of leisure management for communities. Although leading research centers are pursuing interdisciplinary research on leisure in the context of sustainable development, there are still few papers that holistically address the current challenges in this area. In addition, demographic changes have made the promotion of a healthy lifestyle essential. Doing so requires responsible behavior on the part of various stakeholders in this market.This book fills an important gap in the literature and gathers contributions from an interdisciplinary and international team of authors, whose fields of expertise include human geography, management, intersections of sustainability and leisure, behavioral psychology and tourism.
Handbook of Sustainable Engineering
by Joanne Kauffman Kun Mo Lee"The efficient utilization of energy, sustainable use of natural resources, and large-scale adoption of sustainable technologies is the key to a sustainable future. The Handbook of Sustainable Engineering provides tools that will help us achieve these goals". Nobel Prize Winner Dr. R.K. Pauchauri, Chairman, UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change As global society confronts the challenges of diminishing resources, ecological degradation, and climate change, engineers play a crucial role designing and building technologies and products that fulfil our needs for utility and sustainability. The Handbook of Sustainable Engineering equips readers with the context and the best practices derived from both academic research and practical examples of successful implementations of sustainable technical solutions. The handbook's content revolves around the two themes, new ways of thinking and new business models, including sustainable production, products, service systems and consumption while addressing key assets based on new materials, optimized resource management, and new energy sources. Contributions reflect a focus on state-of-the art insights into employing smart materials, recycling e-waste, water utilization, solar cells, product lifecycles, transportation and reverse manufacturing. Supportive of this, underlying issues such as engineering education, consumer behaviour and the regulatory climate complete the handbook's comprehensive treatment of the problems and most promising solutions.
Handbook of Sustainable Materials: Modelling, Characterization, And Optimization
by Ajay Parveen Sharif Ahmad Jyotsna Sharma Victor GambhirHandbook of Sustainable Materials presents recent developments in sustainable materials and how these materials interact with the environment. It highlights the recent advancements involved in proper utilization of sustainable materials, including chemical and biological approaches. With chapters written by global experts, the book offers a guide and insights into sustainable materials from a variety of engineering disciplines. Each chapter provides in-depth technical information on the sustainable materials theory and explores synthesis strategies, green materials, and artificial intelligence. The book considers applications in sectors such as aerospace, automobile, and biomedical for rapid prototyping and customized production without negative environmental impacts. It features research outcomes and case studies of optimization and modeling techniques in practice. Features: Presents recent developments in sustainable materials from various engineering fields and industry applications. Emphasizes analytical strategies, computational, and simulation approaches develop innovative sustainable materials. Discusses an artificial intelligence approach, rapid prototyping, and customized production. This book is designed for researchers and professionals working with sustainable materials, clean manufacturing, and environmental impacts.
Handbook of Synthetic Antioxidants (Antioxidants In Health And Disease Ser. #3)
by Lester PackerEmphasizes the efficacy of synthetically occurring compounds in the management of free radical-mediated illnesses. The text details the design, development and delivery of therapeutic antioxidants used in the treatment of pathophysiological disorders, from amylotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) to Alzheimer's disease.
Handbook of Systems Thinking Methods
by Paul M. Salmon Neville A. Stanton Guy H. Walker Adam Hulme Natassia Goode Jason Thompson Gemma J.M. ReadThe systems thinking philosophy has become popular in human factors and ergonomics and safety science. These methods are being used to understand and resolve complex societal problems in areas such as transport safety, workplace safety, medication error, disaster management, child abuse, financial crises, terrorism, climate change and public health and wellbeing. This handbook presents practical step-by-step guidance for practitioners and researchers wishing to use these methods to tackle complex problems. Each method includes an example case study which demonstrates how the method can be applied and how the results can be interpreted and translated into practical recommendations. The book presents practical guidance on state-of-the-art systems thinking methods and offers case study applications describing systems thinking methods in novel areas. It explains how to translate the outputs of systems thinking methods in practice and introduces systems thinking with an overview of Human Factors and Ergonomics applications. This book will serve as a great reference for students and engineers in the field of systems engineering, complex systems and the design and development of systems, including ergonomics/human factors and systems engineers, designers, architects, industrial engineers, project management engineers, reliability engineers, risk engineers, software engineers and computer engineers.
Handbook of Technical Diagnostics: Fundamentals and Application to Structures and Systems
by Horst CzichosThis book presents concepts, methods and techniques to examine symptoms of faults and failures of structures, systems and components and to monitor functional performance and structural integrity. The book is organized in five parts. Part A introduces the scope and application of technical diagnostics and gives a comprehensive overview of the physics of failure. Part B presents all relevant methods and techniques for diagnostics and monitoring: from stress, strain, vibration analysis, nondestructive evaluation, thermography and industrial radiology to computed tomography and subsurface microstructural analysis. Part C cores the principles and concepts of technical failure analysis, illustrates case studies, and outlines machinery diagnostics with an emphasis on tribological systems. Part D describes the application of structural health monitoring and performance control to plants and the technical infrastructure, including buildings, bridges, pipelines, electric power stations, offshore wind structures, and railway systems. And finally, Part E is an excursion on diagnostics in arts and culture. The book integrates knowledge of basic sciences and engineering disciplines with contributions from research institutions, academe, and industry, written by internationally known experts from various parts of the world, including Europe, Canada, India, Japan, and USA.
Handbook of Techniques in Plant Histopathology
by João Paulo Rodrigues Marques Marli Kasue Misaki SoaresThis handbook presents a compilation of plant histopathology laboratory practices and microscopy techniques for study plant tissues under biotic stress. It will serve as an easy-to-reference material for professors, undergraduate and graduate students and researchers from different areas who work with the interaction between plants and pathogens, whether they are fungi, viruses or bacteria. Besides, it will also help unveil the structural, ultrastructural and histochemical changes induced by plants when challenged by plant pathogens.
Handbook of Terpenoids: Volume I: Triterpenoids
by Sukh DevThis Handbook, pinpoints salient features of known information about Terpenoids in a readily accessible and readable format. Terpenoids have singularly enriched organic chemistry by its variety of structural types, by its wealth ofunexpected reactions, rearrangements and spectral features, and by offering exciting targets for synthesis. Much imaginative experimental work has been invested in exploring their natural pathways. Recent years have revealed an increasingly important biological and ecological role for several of its members.
Handbook of Terpenoids: Volume II
by Sukh DevA compilation of all the known information on terpenoids specifically triterpenoids, is presented in these volumes. The most important available information on a particular compound is discussed, such as its isolation/occurence, available spectral data, and leading references on structural determination. Additionally, triterpenoids synthesis, biosynthesis, proven pharmacological properties, and any known applications are explained. A comprehensive general introduction has been included which surveys the development of triterpenoid chemistry from the beginning to the present. Extremely helpful is the selected list of references to books and reviews dealing with various aspects of triterpenoid chemistry.
Handbook of Terrorist and Insurgent Groups: A Global Survey of Threats, Tactics, and Characteristics
by Scott N. Romaniuk Animesh Roul Amparo Pamela Fabe János BesenyőHandbook of Terrorist and Insurgent Groups: A Global Survey of Threats, Tactics, and Characteristics examines the most current and significant terrorist and insurgent groups around the world. The purpose is to create a descriptive mosaic of what is a pointedly global security challenge.The volume brings together conceptual approaches to terrorism, insurgency, and cyberterrorism with substantive and empirical analyses of individual groups, organisations, and networks. By doing so, not only does the coverage highlight the past, present, and future orientations of the most prominent groups, but it also examines and illustrates their key characteristics and how they operate, including key leaders and ideologues. Highlighting specific, individual groups, the chapters collectively present a robust and comprehensive outlook on the current geography of terrorism and insurgency groups operating in the world today.This comprehensive volume brings the collective expertise and knowledge of more than 50 academics, intelligence and security officials, and professionals together, all of whom are considered subject experts in their respective areas of research and practice. The volume is based on both desk-based and fieldwork conducted by experts in these areas, incorporating analyses of secondary literature but also the use of primary data including first-hand interviews on the various groups’ regions of operation, their tactics, and how their ideologies motivate their actions.
Handbook of Texture Analysis: AI-Based Medical Imaging Applications
by Jasjit S. Suri Ayman El-Baz Mohammed GhazalThe major goals of texture research in computer vision are to understand, model, and process texture and, ultimately, to simulate the human visual learning process using computer technologies. In the last decade, artificial intelligence has been revolutionized by machine learning and big data approaches, outperforming human prediction on a wide range of problems. In particular, deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are particularly well suited to texture analysis. This volume presents important branches of texture analysis methods which find a proper application in AI-based medical image analysis. This book: Discusses first-order, second-order statistical methods, local binary pattern (LBP) methods, and filter bank-based methods Covers spatial frequency-based methods, Fourier analysis, Markov random fields, Gabor filters, and Hough transformation Describes advanced textural methods based on DL as well as BD and advanced applications of texture to medial image segmentation Is aimed at researchers, academics, and advanced students in biomedical engineering, image analysis, cognitive science, and computer science and engineering This is an essential reference for those looking to advance their understanding in this applied and emergent field.
Handbook of Texture Analysis: Generalized Texture for AI-Based Industrial Applications
by Jasjit S. Suri Ayman El-Baz Mohammed GhazalThe major goals of texture research in computer vision are to understand, model, and process texture, and ultimately, to simulate the human visual learning process using computer technologies. In the last decade, artificial intelligence has been revolutionized by machine learning and big data approaches, outperforming human prediction on a wide range of problems. In particular, deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are particularly well suited to texture analysis. This book examines four major application domains related to texture analysis and their relationship to AI-based industrial applications: texture classification, texture segmentation, shape from texture, and texture synthesis. This volume: Discusses texture-based segmentation for extracting image shape features, modeling and segmentation of noisy and textured images, spatially constrained color-texture model for image segmentation, and texture segmentation using Gabor filters Examines textural features for image classification, a statistical approach for classification, texture classification from random features, and applications of texture classifications Describes shape from texture, including general principles, 3D shapes, and equations for recovering shape from texture Surveys texture modeling, including extraction based on Hough transformation and cycle detection, image quilting, gray level run lengths, and use of Markov random fields Aimed at researchers, academics, and advanced students in biomedical engineering, image analysis, cognitive science, and computer science and engineering, this is an essential reference for those looking to advance their understanding in this applied and emergent field.
The Handbook of the Arctic: A Broad and Comprehensive Overview
by Egor V. Pak Artem I. Krivtsov Natalia S. ZagrebelnayaThis book offers a broad and holistic overview of issues in the Arctic today, a region which is transforming due to changing world order and climate agenda. While new economic opportunities - and with China, as well as other geopolitical players in the region - are emerging, new security challenges are arising as well. In this comprehensive scholarly resource, contributors from around the world and from a broad variety of disciplines share their thoughts on the future of the Arctic, in a manuscript that will be of interest to researchers, economists, and policymakers.
Handbook of the Band Structure of Elemental Solids
by Dimitris A. PapaconstantopoulosThis handbook presents electronic structure data and tabulations of Slater-Koster parameters for the whole periodic table. This second edition presents data sets for all elements up to Z = 112, Copernicium, whereas the first edition contained only 53 elements. In this new edition, results are given for the equation of state of the elements together with the parameters of a Birch fit, so that the reader can regenerate the results and derive additional information, such as Pressure-Volume relations and variation of Bulk Modulus with Pressure. For each element, in addition to the equation of state, the energy bands, densities of states and a set of tight-binding parameters is provided. For a majority of elements, the tight-binding parameters are presented for both a two- and three-center approximation. For the hcp structure, new three-center tight-binding results are given. Other new material in this edition include: energy bands and densities of states of all rare-earth metals, a discussion of the McMillan-Gaspari-Gyorffy theories and a tabulation of the electron-ion interaction matrix elements. The evaluation of the Stoner criterion for ferromagnetism is examined and results are tabulated. This edition also contains two new appendices discussing the effects of spin-orbit interaction and a modified version of Harrison's tight-binding theory for metals which puts the theory on a quantitative basis.
Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders
by Donna Gruol Ferdinando Rossi Jeremy Schmahmann Mario Manto Noriyuki KoibuchiOur knowledge of cerebellar functions and cerebellar disorders, called ataxias, is increasing considerably. Studies of the cerebellum are now a central focus in neuroscience. During the last four decades, many laboratories worldwide have dedicated their research activities to understanding the roles of the cerebellum in motor control, cognitive processes and biology of mental processes, behavioral symptoms, and emotion. It is now accepted that the cerebellum acts as a cognitive operator in learning, perception, and attention. Moreover, major improvements in our assessment of in vivo cerebellar architecture using imaging techniques have occurred. A typical example is the accurate description of cerebellar anatomy during fetal development with MRI, a progress which has direct impacts on patient care. These advances have been associated with discoveries of new clinical disorders, in particular in the field of genetic ataxias. More than 20 new genes have been identified these last 10 years. Only for dominant ataxias, more than 30 diseases have now been unravelled. The number of ataxic disorders will increase with aging, the cerebellum being the structure of the brain with the most important loss of neurons with age. More than 300 different cerebellar disorders are encountered during daily practice, but we are missing a single source of information explaining their pathogenesis. Despite the immense amount of knowledge acquired about the cerebellar circuitry these last years, a large book covering the neuroscience of the cerebellum is missing. The goal of this endeavour is to bring up to date information relevant for basic science and also for clinical activities. To reach this goal, the most renowned authors are gathered in a unique and in-depth book with a format of a handbook. We emphasize the connections between molecular findings, imaging features, behavioural/neuropsychological aspects, and clinical implications.
Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders
by Mario U. Manto Donna L. Gruol Jeremy D. Schmahmann Noriyuki Koibuchi Roy V. SillitoeOur knowledge of cerebellar functions and cerebellar disorders, called ataxias, is increasing considerably. Studies of the cerebellum are now a central focus in neuroscience. During the last four decades, many laboratories worldwide have dedicated their research activities to understanding the roles of the cerebellum in motor control, cognitive processes and biology of mental processes, behavioral symptoms, and emotion. It is now accepted that the cerebellum acts as a cognitive operator in learning, perception, and attention. Moreover, major improvements in our assessment of in vivo cerebellar architecture using imaging techniques have occurred. A typical example is the accurate description of cerebellar anatomy during fetal development with MRI, a progress which has direct impacts on patient care. These advances have been associated with discoveries of new clinical disorders, in particular in the field of genetic ataxias. More than 20 new genes have been identified these last 10 years. Only for dominant ataxias, more than 30 diseases have now been unravelled. The number of ataxic disorders will increase with aging, the cerebellum being the structure of the brain with the most important loss of neurons with age. More than 300 different cerebellar disorders are encountered during daily practice, but we are missing a single source of information explaining their pathogenesis. Despite the immense amount of knowledge acquired about the cerebellar circuitry these last years, a large book covering the neuroscience of the cerebellum is missing. The goal of this endeavour is to bring up to date information relevant for basic science and also for clinical activities. To reach this goal, the most renowned authors are gathered in a unique and in-depth book with a format of a handbook. We emphasize the connections between molecular findings, imaging features, behavioural/neuropsychological aspects, and clinical implications.
Handbook of the Chemical Elements
by Hermann SiciusThis reference work describes comprehensively, compactly and precisely the history, properties, production and application of all elements of the periodic table. Particular attention is paid to the chemical compounds of the elements, which are also presented extensively. This book contains 23 chapters, each of which includes the elements in the form of subchapters of the eight main groups,the first and second as well as the fourth to tenth subgroups,the rare earth metals and the third subgroupas well as the actinides. Finally, there is an outlook on the as yet undiscovered elements of the eighth and ninth periods, on alternative, more environmentally friendly drives for motor vehicles such as batteries and fuel cells, as well as on semiconductor technology, i.e. areas that will continue to see increasing research activity in the future. Whenever possible, the author has always maintained the order of chalcogenides, halides, pnictogenides, and other compounds when presenting the chemical compounds of the elements.The introductory part, which illuminates the history of the respective element, often contains biographies of well-known researchers whose creative periods range from the near past to the Middle Ages. You will not only find portraits of chemists, but also of nuclear physicists, astronomers and medical doctors.
Handbook of the Extracellular Matrix: Biologically-Derived Materials
by Rui L. Reis J. Miguel Oliveira F. Raquel MaiaThis book comprises 6 sections covering the fundamentals of the extracellular matrix, as well as the development and challenges of using biologically-derived materials, and its advanced biomedical applications. The first section is dedicated to the extracellular matrix, while the other 5 sections are each dedicated to a particular type of material. This book reports the fundamentals of the extracellular matrix and its impact on the development of innovative materials; provides an overview of the advanced methodologies used to develop biologically-derived materials; and describes the challenges of the synthesis and processing of the different materials. Furthermore, it presents the biological activities, structural and physicochemical properties of such materials, and the modification methods pursued to improve their inherent properties. The wide range of advanced applications are covered as well, including the combination with emerging technologies, underlying tissue-engineered scaffolding, drug delivery systems, 3D in vitro tissue and cancer models, 3D bioprinted models, bioinks, and more. This reference work serves as a core reference for multidisciplinary students (undergraduates and Ph.D. students) and a wide range of established researchers and professionals working in the medical field, e.g., orthopaedics, radiology, dentistry, and cancer.
Handbook of the Historiography of Latin American Studies on the Life Sciences and Medicine (Historiographies of Science)
by Ana BarahonaThis volume provides a definitive assessment of the historiography of the life sciences and medicine in Latin America. It makes historiographic work available for new scholars to join the field and for graduate students and other scholars new to the history of science in Latin America, by means of meaningful and original contributions.This volume brings transnational analysis to the center of global historiographical discussions. It seeks to contribute both empirically and theoretically to the fields of History of Science and Science and Technology Studies (STS) in Latin America, to account for how the knowledge produced in developing countries is part of international knowledge as it circulates in transnational collaborative networks. The volume consists of articles written by experienced, expert authors who expose the lines of ongoing research in the history of life sciences and medicine in Latin America in order to provide an overview of the multiplicity of analytic frameworks and perspectives in a way that allows them to be contrasted with each other. Some of the topics discussed include Asymmetrical networks of collaboration, Circulation of Knowledge, Conceptual History, History and Art, History of Race, Gender and the like, and many more.
Handbook of the Philosophy of Climate Change (Handbooks in Philosophy)
by Gianfranco Pellegrino Marcello Di PaolaThis Handbook offers a broad yet unified treatment of many philosophical issues connected with climate change, ranging from foundational puzzles to detailed applications. It extends to many branches of philosophy that are relevant to the understanding of the premises and implications of the impacts of climate change on human and nonhuman life on Earth. More specifically, the handbook examines the scientific accounts of climate change as well as its causes. It explores the tools offered by social sciences and humanities to study the societal premises and impacts of climate change as well as delving deeper into the ethical and political issues connected with and resulting from climate change. By doing so, it puts it all in an ecological and historical context. In addition, the book offers solutions to some important philosophical puzzles and problems, and indicates paths of interaction between philosophy and other disciplines. The discussion about climate change and the mitigation/adaptation policies spans many areas and levels – from abstract science and philosophy to current on-the-ground politics. However, climate change is also a great a philosophical puzzle. Indeed, its existential and practical relevance can be thought to largely derive from the philosophical complications it engenders. Climate change is applied philosophy par excellence. Preventing dangerous anthropogenic climate change needs very good philosophy applied to concrete and specific practical issues. Climate change is an area where scholars from very different provenances should cooperate on equal terms, having in view a common, and really important, purpose – contribute to preventing great burdens and even the extinction of humankind and the destruction of hospitable and valuable non-human nature.
Handbook of the Protists
by Claudio H. Slamovits Alastair G.B. Simpson John M. ArchibaldPublished in a modern, user-friendlyformat this fully revised and updated edition of The Handbook of Protoctista(1990) is the resource for those interested in the biology,diversity and evolution of eukaryotic microorganisms and their descendants,exclusive of animals, plants and fungi. With chapters written by leadingresearchers in the field, the content reflects the present state of knowledgeof the cell and genome biology, evolutionary relationships andecological/medical/economic importance each major group of protists, organizedaccording to current protist systematics as informed by molecular phylogeneticsand genomics.
Handbook of the Sociology of Medical Education
by Caragh Brosnan Bryan S. TurnerThe Handbook of the Sociology of Medical Education provides a contemporary introduction to this classic area of sociology by examining the social origin and implications of the epistemological, organizational and demographic challenges facing medical education in the twenty-first century. Beginning with reflections on the historical and theoretical foundations of the sociology of medical education, the collection then focuses on current issues affecting medical students, the profession and the faculty, before exploring medical education in different national contexts. Leading sociologists analyze: the intersection of medical education and social structures such as gender, ethnicity and disability; the effect of changes in medical practice, such as the emergence of evidence-based medicine, on medical education; and the ongoing debates surrounding the form and content of medical curricula. By examining applied problems within a framework which draws from social theorists such as Pierre Bourdieu, this new collection suggests future directions for the sociological study of medical education and for medical education itself.