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The Human Auditory Cortex
by Arthur N. Popper David Poeppel Richard R. Fay Tobias OverathWe live in a complex and dynamically changing acoustic environment. To this end, the auditory cortex of humans has developed the ability to process a remarkable amount of diverse acoustic information with apparent ease. In fact, a phylogenetic comparison of auditory systems reveals that human auditory association cortex in particular has undergone extensive changes relative to that of other species, although our knowledge of this remains incomplete. In contrast to other senses, human auditory cortex receives input that is highly pre-processed in a number of sub-cortical structures; this suggests that even primary auditory cortex already performs quite complex analyses. At the same time, much of the functional role of the various sub-areas in human auditory cortex is still relatively unknown, and a more sophisticated understanding is only now emerging through the use of contemporary electrophysiological and neuroimaging techniques. The integration of results across the various techniques signify a new era in our knowledge of how human auditory cortex forms basis for auditory experience. This volume on human auditory cortex will have two major parts. In Part A, the principal methodologies currently used to investigate human auditory cortex will be discussed. Each chapter will first outline how the methodology is used in auditory neuroscience, highlighting the challenges of obtaining data from human auditory cortex; second, each methods chapter will provide two or (at most) three brief examples of how it has been used to generate a major result about auditory processing. In Part B, the central questions for auditory processing in human auditory cortex are covered. Each chapter can draw on all the methods introduced in Part A but will focus on a major computational challenge the system has to solve. This volume will constitute an important contemporary reference work on human auditory cortex. Arguably, this will be the first and most focused book on this critical neurological structure. The combination of different methodological and experimental approaches as well as a diverse range of aspects of human auditory perception ensures that this volume will inspire novel insights and spurn future research.
Human Auditory Development
by Arthur N. Popper Richard R. Fay Lynne WernerThis volume will provide an important contemporary reference on hearing development and will lead to new ways of thinking about hearing in children and about remediation for children with hearing loss. Much of the material in this volume will document that a different model of hearing is needed to understand hearing during development. The book is expected to spur research in auditory development and in its application to pediatric audiology.
Human Barrier Design and Lifecycle: A Cognitive Ergonomics Approach and Path Forward
by Tom ShephardA common source of failure in a human‑dependent barrier or safety critical task is a designed‑in mismatch error. The mismatch is a cognitive demand that exceeds the human capability to reliably and promptly respond to that demand given the plausible situations at that moment. Demand situations often include incomplete information, increased time pressures, and challenging environments. This book presents innovative solutions to reveal, prevent, and mitigate these and many other cognitive‑type errors in barriers and safety critical tasks. The comprehensive model and methodologies also provide insight into where and to what extent these barriers and task types may be significantly underspecified and the potential consequences.This title presents a new and comprehensive prototype design and lifecycle model specific to human‑dependent barriers and safety critical tasks. Designed to supplement current practice, the model is fully underpinned by cognitive ergonomics and cognitive science. The book also presents a compelling case for why a new global consensus standard specific to human‑dependent barriers is needed. Taking a novel approach, it presents its suggested basis, framing, and content. Both solutions seek to redress deficiencies in global regulations, standards, and practice. The model is guided by industry recommendations and best practice guidance and solutions from globally recognized experts. Its processes are fully explained and supported by examples, analysis, and well‑researched background materials. Real‑life case studies from offshore oil and gas, chemical manufacturing, transmission pipelines, and product storage provide further insight into how overt and latent design errors contributed to barrier degradation and failure and the consequence of those errors.An essential and fascinating read for professionals, Human Barrier Design and Lifecycle: A Cognitive Ergonomics Approach and Path Forward will appeal to those in the fields of human factors, process and technical safety, functional safety, display and safety system design, risk management, facility engineering, and facility operations and maintenance.Chapters 1 and 8 of this book are freely available as downloadable Open Access PDFs at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BYNC-ND) 4.0 International license.
Human Behavior, Learning, and the Developing Brain
by Donna Coch Geraldine DawsonThoroughly examining brain-behavior relationships in atypically developing children, this important volume integrates theories and data from multiple disciplines. Leading authorities present research on specific clinical problems, including autism, Williams syndrome, learning and language disabilities, ADHD, and issues facing infants of diabetic mothers. In addition, the effects of social stress and maltreatment on brain development and behavior are reviewed. Demonstrating the uses of cutting-edge methods from developmental neuroscience, developmental psychology, and cognitive science, the contributors emphasize the implications of their findings for real-world educational and clinical practices. Illustrations include eight pages in full color.
Human Behavior, Learning, and the Developing Brain
by Kurt Fischer Donna CochThis volume brings together leading authorities from multiple disciplines to examine the relationship between brain development and behavior in typically developing children. Presented are innovative cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that shed light on brain-behavior connections in infancy and toddlerhood through adolescence. Chapters explore the complex interplay of neurobiological and environmental influences in the development of memory, language, reading, inhibitory control, and other core aspects of cognitive, emotional, and social functioning. Throughout, the volume gives particular attention to what the research reveals about ways to support learning and healthy development in all children. Illustrations include four pages in full color.
Human Behaviour Analysis Using Intelligent Systems (Learning and Analytics in Intelligent Systems #6)
by D. Jude HemanthHuman–computer interaction (HCI) is one of the most significant areas of computational intelligence. This book focuses on the human emotion analysis aspects of HCI, highlighting innovative methodologies for emotion analysis by machines/computers and their application areas. The methodologies are presented with numerical results to enable researchers to replicate the work. This multidisciplinary book is useful to researchers and academicians, as well as students wanting to pursue a career in computational intelligence. It can also be used as a handbook, reference book, and a textbook for short courses.
The Human Being, the World and God
by Anne L.C. RunehovThis book offers a philosophical analysis of what it is to be a human being in all her aspects. It analyses what is meant by the self and the I and how this feeling of a self or an I is connected to the brain. It studies specific cases of brain disorders, based on the idea that in order to understand the common, one has to study the specific. The book shows how the self is thought of as a three-fold emergent self, comprising a relationship between an objective neural segment, a subjective neural segment and a subjective transcendent segment. It explains that the self in the world tackles philosophical problems such as the problem of free will, the problem of evil, the problem of human uniqueness and empathy. It demonstrates how the problem of time also has its place here. For many people, the world includes ultimate reality; hence the book provides an analysis and evaluation of different relationships between human beings and Ultimate Reality (God). The book presents an answer to the philosophical problem of how one could understand divine action in the world.
Human Bioarchaeology of the Transition to Agriculture
by Jay T. Stock Ron PinhasiA holistic and comprehensive account of the nature of the transition from hunting to farming in prehistory. It addresses for the first time the main bioarchaeological aspects such as changes in mobility, behaviour, diet and population dynamics.This book is of major interest to the relevant audience since it offers for the first time a global perspective on the bioarchaeology of the transition to agriculture. It includes contributions from world-class researchers, with a particular emphasis on advances in methods (e.g. ancient DNA of pathogens, stable isotope analysis, etc.).The book specifically addresses the following aspects associated with the transition to agriculture in various world regions:Changes in adult and subadult stature and subadult growth profilesDiachronic trends in the analysis of functional morphological structures (craniofacial, vault, lower limbs, etc.) and whether these are associated with change in overall sex-specific morphological variabilityChanges in mobilityChanges in behaviour which can be reconstructed from the study of the skeletal record. These include changes in activity patterns, sexual dimorphism, evidence of inter-personal trauma, and the like. Population dynamics and microevolution by examining intra and inter population variations in dental and cranial metric traits, as well as archaeogenetic studies of ancient DNA (e.g. mtDNA markers).
Human Biodiversity: Genes, Race, and History
by Jonathan MarksAre humans unique? This simple question, at the very heart of the hybrid field of biological anthropology, poses one of the false of dichotomies--with a stereotypical humanist answering in the affirmative and a stereotypical scientist answering in the negative. The study of human biology is different from the study of the biology of other species. In the simplest terms, people's lives and welfare may depend upon it, in a sense that they may not depend on the study of other scientific subjects. Where science is used to validate ideas--four out of five scientists preferring a brand of cigarettes or toothpaste--there is a tendency to accept the judgment as authoritative without asking the kinds of questions we might ask of other citizens' pronouncements. In Human Biodiversity, Marks has attempted to distill from a centuries-long debate what has been learned and remains to be learned about the biological differences within and among human groups. His is the first such attempt by an anthropologist in years, for genetics has undermined the fundamental assumptions of racial taxonomy. The history of those assumptions from Linnaeus to the recent past--the history of other, more useful assumptions that derive from Buffon and have reemerged to account for genetic variation--are the poles of Marks's exploration.
Human Biological Aging
by Glenda E. BilderComprehension of the theories of aging requires rudimentary knowledge of oxidation and reduction reactions, protein function, cell organelles, mitosis, acquired immunity, and evolution, among other basic biological concepts. Without these fundamentals, students of biological aging struggle to learn the essentials of biological aging and how to appreciate the research advances in the field. Human Biological Aging: From Macromolecules To Organ-Systems is an introduction to human aging from the level of macromolecules to organ systems. Age changes in proteins, DNA, polysaccharides and lipids are discussed relative to known age-related alterations in structure and function produced by free radicals and oxidants. At the cellular level, age-dependent mechanisms that diminish organelle function are described. Cellular phenomena of replicative senescence apoptosis, autophagy and neuroplasticity are detailed as to their contribution to compromised cellular functions. Authored by a leader in the field, Human Biological Aging: From Macromolecules To Organ-Systems is an invaluable introduction for those studying human aging.
Human Biology: Concepts And Current Issues (Eighth Edition)
by Michael D. JohnsonThrough his teaching, his textbook, and in his online blog, award-winning teacher Michael D. Johnson sparks the interest of today’s science-intimidated student by connecting basic biology to real-world issues relevant to students' own lives. Through a storytelling approach and extensive online support, Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues not only demystifies how the human body works but drives students to become better consumers of health and science information. Each chapter opens with Johnson’s popular "Current Issue" essays, and BlogInFocus references within the chapter direct students to his frequently-updated online blog for breaking human biology-related news.
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (6th edition)
by Michael D. JohnsonAward-winning teacher Michael D. Johnson catches your interest immediately by connecting basic biology concepts to real-world issues that are relevant to your life. Through a storytelling approach and extensive online support, Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues, 6th Edition not only demystifies how the human body works but helps you to become a better consumer of health and science information. Each chapter now opens with Johnson's popular "Current Issue" essays, and inside each chapter are entries from the author's own, frequently updated blog. Expanded online resources are now available and conveniently referenced in chapter sections with icons and URLs. The 6th Edition also offers you stronger self-assessment tools, with new and expanded critical-thinking questions throughout each chapter and in the end-of-chapter reviews.
Human Biology
by Sylvia S Mader<p>This revision of Human Biology, Fifteenth Edition, had the following goals: <p> <li>Updating of chapter openers, featured readings, and Connections content to focus on issues and topics important to this generation of students <li>Utilization of the data from the LearnSmart adaptive learning platforms to identify content areas within the text that students demonstrated difficulty in mastering <li>Refinement of digital assets to provide a more effective assess¬ment of learning outcomes to enable instructors in the flipped, online, and hybrid teaching environments <li>Development of a new series of videos and websites to intro¬duce relevancy and engage students in the content</li></p>
Human Biology
by Sylvia S. Mader Michael WindelspechtInstructors consistently ask for a Human Biology textbook that helps students understand the main themes of biology through the lens of the human body. Mader’s Human Biology accomplishes the goal of improving scientific literacy, while establishing a foundation of knowledge inhuman biology and physiology. The text integrates a tested, traditional learning system with modern digital and pedagogical approaches designed to stimulate and engage today’s student. <p><p>Dr. Michael Windelspecht represents the new generation of digital authors. Through the integration of an array of multimedia resources, Michael has committed to delivering the tried-and-true content of the Mader series to the new generation of digital learners. A veteran of the online, hybrid, and traditional teaching environments, Michael is well-versed in the challenges facing the modern student and educator.
Human Biology
by Sylvia S. Mader Michael WindelspechtMader’s Human Biology introduces the main themes of biology through the lens of the human body. Students improve their scientific literacy while establishing a foundation of knowledge in human biology and physiology. The text integrates tested, traditional content with a modern suite of digital tools.
Human Biology (9th Edition)
by Sylvia S. MaderIn this edition, as in previous editions, each chapter presents the topic clearly and distinctly so that students will feel capable of achieving an adult level of understanding. Detailed, high-level scientific data and terminology are not included because Dr. Mader believes that true knowledge consists of working concepts rather than technical facility.
Human Biology (9th Edition)
by Cecie Starr Beverly McmillanPresenting core concepts in a relevant context, Starr and McMillan's HUMAN BIOLOGY gives you a clear understanding of how the human body works and helps you make well-informed choices as a consumer and voter. Each chapter opens with a human biology-related issue currently in the news that highlights the relevance of the topic. You then learn the basic concepts which help you think critically about these issues.
Human Biology (Eighth Edition)
by Daniel D. ChirasA Thoroughly Revised and Updated Edition of an Acclaimed Human Biology TextDesigned for the undergraduate, non-science major, the thoroughly updated eighth edition of Human Biology, continues to present the latest information on the structure, function, health, and disease of the human body, while maintaining the central organizational theme of homeostasis. This acclaimed text explores the world from the cellular level, followed by a look at tissues and organs, and then moves on to a discussion of humans as organisms within a complex evolutionary and ecological environment. Dr. Chiras discusses the scientific process in a thought-provoking way that challenges students to become deeper, more critical thinkers. The focus on health and homeostasis allows students to learn key concepts while also assessing their own health needs and learning how to implement a healthy lifestyle. New to the thoroughly revised and updated Eighth Edition:* Features a reorganized chapter layout so content on the circulatory system and blood are presented before the chapter on nutrition and digestion. * Moved the expanded in-chapter key concepts from the beginning to the end of each section. * Contains new information on numerous topics, including expanded coverage on nutrition and the importance of plant-based nutrients and plant sources of complete proteins, new information on the functions of the appendix, additional information on the benefits of breastfeeding, and new content on the causes and treatment of acne. * New topics added to this edition include primary cilia, hormonal control of hunger, effective treatments for insomnia, use of organs from pigs to repair damaged organs, health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, new information on HIV infections, genetic determination of sex, natural killer cells, and many more!
Human Biology for Social Workers: Development, Ecology, Genetics, and Health
by Leon Ginsberg Larry Nackerud Christopher LarrisonThis engaging and accessible supplemental text will give students a basic understanding of human biology and how it relates to human behavior and the social environment. It successfully integrates social work theory with human biology theory.
Human Biology (Thirteenth Edition)
by Sylvia S. Mader Michael WindelspechtInstructors consistently ask for a human biology textbook that helps students develop an understanding of the main themes of biology while placing the material in the context of the human body. Mader's Human Biology was developed to fill this void. To accomplish the goal of improving scientific literacy, while establishing a foundation of knowledge in human biology and physiology, Human Biology integrates a tested, traditional learning system with modern digital and pedagogical approaches designed to stimulate and engage today's student. Multimedia Integration: Michael Windelspecht represents the new generation of digital authors. Through the integration of multimedia resources, such as videos, animations and MP3 files, and in the design of a new series of guided tutorials, Dr Windelspecht has worked to bring Dr. Mader's texts to the new generation of digital learners. A veteran of the online, hybrid, and traditional teaching environments, Dr. Windelspecht is well versed in the challenges facing today's students and educators. Dr. Windelspecht guided all aspects of the Connect content accompanying Human Biology. The authors of the text identified several goals that guided them through the revision of Human Biology, Thirteenth Edition: build upon the strengths of the previous editions of the text, enhance the learning process by integrating content that appeals to today's students, deploy new pedagogical elements, including multimedia assets, to increase student interaction with the text, develop a new series of digital assets designed to engage the modern student and provide assessment of learning outcomes.
The Human Biome and Human Behaviour: A Biopsychological Perspective
by Jorge A. ColomboThe book represents a critical update on interactions between the host and its gut microbiome that conditions the socio-biology of the mind and behaviour. Evidence has been scientifically approached and reveals that our conscious behaviour involves a complex interplay of multiple non-conscious domains, including complex host-gut microbiome relationships.The book describes trends and issues on which there is increasing evidence of the impact of host-gut microbiome interactions on behaviour and cultural construction of self-perception. This suggests the need to re-evaluate traditional, basic concepts of human development. Additionally, it calls attention to open issues involving conceptual themes on neurobiological integration and its impact on early developmental and social domains on the typical extended period of human postnatal helplessness during which the basic scaffolding of mental development is completed. It also deals with the impact of poverty and inadequate early feeding habits on individual cognitive development, performance, and social construction. It discusses the need to reformulate views and policies on social marginalisation, child poverty, and malnutrition involving host-gut microbiome imbalances.The spectrum of possible behaviours in all species and its plasticity depends on an integrated vector of basic components involving the genetic code, social and physical environmental, developmental conditions, the relative condition of dominance or submission in social settings –or prey/predator in the Natural Kingdom– and on its physiological and anatomical construction profiles.Graduate, postgraduate and teachers interested in areas connected with anthropology, social medicine, early education, and health policymakers will benefit greatly from this book.
Human Biomonitoring For Environmental Chemicals
by Committee on Human Biomonitoring for Environmental ToxicantsBiomonitoring&#8212a method for measuring amounts of toxic chemicals in human tissues&#8212is a valuable tool for studying potentially harmful environmental chemicals. Biomonitoring data have been used to confirm exposures to chemicals and validate public health policies. For example, population biomonitoring data showing high blood lead concentrations resulted in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency&#39s (EPA&#39s) regulatory reduction of lead in gasoline; biomonitoring data confirmed a resultant drop in blood lead concentrations. Despite recent advances, the science needed to understand the implications of the biomonitoring data for human health is still in its nascent stages. Use of the data also raises communication and ethical challenges. In response to a congressional request, EPA asked the National Research Council to address those challenges in an independent study. Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals provides a framework for improving the use of biomonitoring data including developing and using biomarkers (measures of exposure), research to improve the interpretation of data, ways to communicate findings to the public, and a review of ethical issues.
Human Body! (DK Knowledge Encyclopedias)
by DKExplore the human body as you&’ve never known before with this ultimate kid&’s guide to what goes on under our skin. Forming part of a fantastic series of kid's educational books, this bold and brilliant kid's encyclopedia uses ground-breaking CGI imagery to reveal the human body as you've never seen it before. Informative, diverse in subject matter, easy-to-read and brimming with beautiful graphics, young learners can explore the incredibly detailed cross-sections and cutaways that reveal the inner workings of these fascinating and complex machines we know as our bodies!This charming children&’s encyclopedia opens the world in new ways, with: - Packed with facts, charts, infographics and illustrations that cover the human body head to toe- Encompassing a visual approach with illustrations, photographs and extremely detailed 3D CGI images- Crystal clear text distills the key information.- DK's encyclopedias are fact-checked by subject experts to offer accuracy beyond online sources of information.This fully-updated edition of Knowledge Encyclopedia Human Body! is the perfect encyclopedia for children aged 9-12, ideal for inquisitive minds, with a unique head-to-toe approach that makes the complex structure of the human body both appealing and accessible for curious young readers. Jam-packed with fun facts about the human body, including creative CGI artworks that can be rotated and animated to bring the aspects of this body book to life! Curious children can take a look at the life of a cell, discover the digestive system, and learn all about record-breaking bodies!Explore, Discover And Learn!DK's Knowledge Encyclopedia Human Body! uncovers the marvels of our body in unprecedented detail and with stunning realism. Encompassing engaging facts about the human body, including a closer look at each bodily system, such as the nervous system, muscle system and more, and exploring a timeline of medical milestones, you can spend quality time exploring the wonders of the human body with children, accompanied by impressive visuals to engage their senses. A must-have volume for curious kids with a thirst for knowledge, this enthralling encyclopedia is structured in such a way that your child can read a bit at a time, and feel comfortable to pause and ask questions. Doubling up as the perfect gift for young readers, who are always asking questions about our planet! At DK, we believe in the power of discovery. This thrilling kid&’s encyclopedia is part of the Knowledge Encyclopedia educational series. Celebrate your child&’s curiosity as they complete the collection and discover diverse facts about the world around them. Dive into the deep blue with Knowledge Encyclopedia Ocean! Travel back in time to when dinosaurs roamed the earth with Knowledge Encyclopedia Dinosaur! And hone your knowledge on how the human body works with Knowledge Encyclopedia Human Body! Whatever topic takes their fancy, there&’s an encyclopedia for everyone!