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Modern Vacuum Physics
by Austin ChambersModern Vacuum Physics presents the principles and practices of vacuum science and technology along with a number of applications in research and industrial production. The first half of the book builds a foundation in gases and vapors under rarefied conditions, The second half presents examples of the analysis of representative systems and describe
Modern Vibrational Spectroscopy & Micro-Spectroscopy
by Max Diemtivity, time resolved spectroscopy and computational methods. Thus, Part 1 represents a short course into modern vibrational spectroscopy.Part II is devoted in its entirety to applications of vibrational spectroscopic techniques to biophysical and bio-structural research, and the more recent extension of vibrational spectroscopy to microscopic data acquisition. Vibrational microscopy (or microspectroscopy) has opened entirely new avenues toward applications in the biomedical sciences, and has created new research fields collectively referred to as Spectral Cytopathology (SCP) and Spectral Histopathology (SHP). In order to fully exploit the information contained in the micro-spectral datasets, methods of multivariate analysis need to be employed. These methods, along with representative results of both SCP and SHP are presented and discussed in detail in Part II.
Modern Warfare, Intelligence and Deterrence: The technologies that are transforming them (Economist Books)
by Benjamin SutherlandThe Panzerfaust-3, a German shoulder-fired heat-seeking antitank missile, can punch through a metre of solid steel-far more than any armoured vehicle could carry. The MPR-500, an Israeli precision bomb, can hammer through several storeys of a building and explode on a chosen floor. These and myriad other military and intelligences technologies are changing the world. This Economist book describes these emerging technologies and places them in the larger context of today's politics, diplomacy, business and social issues. It shows how efforts to win wars or keep the peace are driving enormous and multifold technological advances. Broadly speaking, defence technologies will continue to provide enormous advantages to advanced, Western armed forces. The book is organised into five parts: land and sea, air and space, the computer factor, intelligence and spycraft, and the road ahead, which examines the coming challenges for western armies, such as new wars against insurgents operating out of civilian areas. Comprising a selection of the best writing on the subject from the Economist, each part has an introduction linking the technological developments to political, diplomatic, business and other civilian matters. For anyone who wants to know just how smart the global war, defence and intelligence machine is, this will be revealing and fascinating reading.
Modern Ylide Chemistry: Applications In Ligand Design, Organic And Catalytic Transformations (Structure And Bonding Ser. #177)
by Viktoria H. GessnerThis volume covers recent advances in the chemistry of ylidic compounds with focus on their application in the design of ligands with unique donor properties, the development of novel organic transformations as well as the use of ylides in homogenous catalysis. Thereby, this volume particularly aims at the community of organic and organometallic chemists engaged in synthetic chemistry and catalysis as well as in the use of special ligands for the stabilization of unusual main group element species and the “transition-metal free” activation of element-element/hydrogen bonds. These fields of research are highly active and vivid research areas to which ylide chemistry has only recently started to contribute, but has already led to fascinating developments in most different directions. This volume highlights these recent developments, thus giving not only an overview over the past achievements, but also possibilities for future applications. To this end, the chapters selected in this volume combine different aspects of ylide chemistry, starting with theoretical aspects in ligand design followed by synthetic organic methods, catalytic transformations and complex chemistry.
Modern trends in Superconductivity and Superfluidity
by M. Yu. KaganThis book concisely presents the latest trends in the physics of superconductivity and superfluidity and magnetism in novel systems, as well as the problem of BCS-BEC crossover in ultracold quantum gases and high-Tc superconductors. It further illuminates the intensive exchange of ideas between these closely related fields of condensed matter physics over the last 30 years of their dynamic development. The content is based on the author's original findings obtained at the Kapitza Institute, as well as advanced lecture courses he held at the Moscow Engineering Physical Institute, Amsterdam University, Loughborough University and LPTMS Orsay between 1994 and 2011. In addition to the findings of his group, the author discusses the most recent concepts in these fields, obtained both in Russia and in the West. The book consists of 16 chapters which are divided into four parts. The first part describes recent developments in superfluid hydrodynamics of quantum fluids and solids, including the fashionable subject of possible supersolidity in quantum crystals of 4He, while the second describes BCS-BEC crossover in quantum Fermi-Bose gases and mixtures, as well as in the underdoped states of cuprates. The third part is devoted to non-phonon mechanisms of superconductivity in unconventional (anomalous) superconductors, including some important aspects of the theory of high-Tc superconductivity. |The last part considers the anomalous normal state of novel superconductive materials and materials with colossal magnetoresistance (CMR). The book offers a valuable guide for senior-level undergraduate students and graduate students, postdoctoral and other researchers specializing in solid-state and low-temperature physics.
Moderne Abwassertechnik: Erhebung, Modellabsicherung, Scale-Up, Planung
by Alexandru Braha Ghiocel GrozaDieses Buch vermittelt wichtiges Fachwissen der Okobiotechnologie fur die Vermeidung von Fehlplanung und unnotigen Folgekosten beim Bau und Betrieb von Klar- und Abwasserbehandlungsanlagen. Fur Verfahrenstechniker immer wichtiger werdende Modellrechnungen und Simulationsmethoden fur die Abwasserreinigung werden hier didaktisch aufgearbeitet und prasentiert. Die Autoren schlagen eine Brucke zwischen den biologisch-chemischen und verfahrenstechnischen Seiten der modernen Abwasserbehandlung, so dass sowohl Chemiker, Biotechnologen und Biologen als auch Ingenieure, Verfahrenstechniker und Anlagenplaner jeweils das Fachfremde im Gesamtzusammenhang erlautert finden.
Moderne Pharmakokinetik: Transport durch Membranen
by Beat Ernst Alexander VögtliWie werden Arzneimittel im Korper verteilt? Wie gelangen sie an den Wirkort und docken an die richtigen Bindungsstellen an? Wie werden sie im Korper metabolisiert und schlie?lich wieder ausgeschieden? Welches sind die Mechanismen, die diesen Transportprozessen zu Grunde liegen? All dies sind essentielle Fragen der Pharmakokinetik, eines der wichtigsten Gebiete der Arzneimittelforschung und -entwicklung. In didaktisch geschickter Form beantwortet das vorliegende Lehrbuch diese Fragen, und besticht zusatzlich durch sein ansprechendes Layout mit durchgehend vierfarbigen Abbildungen. Nicht nur ein Muss fur alle fortgeschrittenen Studenten der Pharmazie, Medizinalchemie, Chemie, Pharmakologie und angrenzender Disziplinen, sondern auch ein wertvoller Begleiter fur Dozenten und Mitarbeiter der pharmazeutischen Industrie. Aus dem Inhalt: * Der Weg des Wirkstoffs zum molekularen Target * Gastrointestinale Absorption * Prozesse an der Leber * Eliminierung an der Niere * Verteilung ins Gehirn: die Blut-Hirn-Schranke * Verteilung zur Plazenta
Moderne mathematische Methoden der Physik
by Karl-Heinz Goldhorn Hans-Peter Heinz Margarita KrausDer Vorzug des Buchs liegt in der strengen Konzentration auf das Wesentliche. Dabei deckt der Stoff ein breites Spektrum mathematischer Konzepte und Methoden ab und ist so angeordnet, dass er den Bedürfnissen der Studierenden folgt. Neben mathematischen Beweisen, die Studierende mit mathematischer Denkweise konfrontieren, bietet das Lehrbuch Aufgaben, von denen ein Großteil dem Einüben von Rechentechniken dient. Theoretische Aufgaben helfen, Begriffe zu klären und logisches Argumentieren zu üben. Das Glossar enthält alle Definitionen und Sätze.
Moderne optische Spektroskopie: Von den Grundlagen bis zu Anwendungen in Chemie, Biochemie und Biophysik
by William W. Parson Clemens BurdaDie 3. Auflage dieses Lehrbuchs bietet klare Erklärungen zu optischen spektroskopischen Phänomenen und zeigt, wie spektroskopische Techniken in der modernen Chemie, Biochemie und Biophysik eingesetzt werden.Behandelte Themen sind unter anderem:· Elektronische und vibrationelle Absorption· Fluoreszenz· Symmetrieoperationen und Berechnungen der Normalmoden· Elektronentransfer von angeregten Molekülen· Energieübertragung· Exziton-Wechselwirkungen· Elektronische und vibrationelle zirkulare Dichroismus· Kohärenz und Dephasierung· Ultraschnelle Pump-Probe- und Photon-Echo-Spektroskopie· Spektroskopie von Einzelmolekülen und Fluoreszenz-Korrelation· Raman-Streuung· Multiphotonen-Absorption· Quantenoptik und nichtlineare Optik· Entropieveränderungen während der Photoanregung· Elektronische und vibrationelle Stark-Effekte· Studien schneller Prozesse in Einzelmolekülen· Zweidimensionale elektronische und vibrationelle Spektroskopie Diese überarbeitete und aktualisierte Ausgabe bietet erweiterte Diskussionen zu Laserspektroskopie, Kristallsymmetrie, Doppelbrechung, nichtlinearer Optik, Solarzellen und Leuchtdioden. Die Erklärungen sind ausreichend gründlich und detailliert, um für Forscher, Doktoranden und fortgeschrittene Studenten in Chemie, Biochemie und Biophysik nützlich zu sein. Sie basieren auf der zeitabhängigen Quantenmechanik, werden jedoch von Grund auf entwickelt, sodass sie von Lesern mit wenig Vorwissen auf dem Gebiet verstanden werden können. Zusätzliche Themen und Highlights werden in speziellen Boxen im Text präsentiert. Das Buch ist reichhaltig mit farbigen Abbildungen illustriert. Jedes Kapitel endet mit einem Abschnitt mit Fragen zur Selbstüberprüfung.
Modernisation Strategy for National Irrigation Systems in the Philippines: Balanac and Sta. Maria River Irrigation Systems (IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series)
by Mona Liza Delos ReyesThe book presents documentary evidence of the insufficiency of rehabilitation works to close the gap between the irrigation service and actual area irrigated of publicly funded national irrigation systems in the Philippines. It outlines a methodology for formulating a modernisation plan for national irrigation systems with focus on the mostly ungauged, medium to small canal irrigation systems. The proposed methodology adaptively modified some known modernisation concepts and techniques and integrated them in a more holistic framework in the context of changing weather patterns and river flow regimes. It includes in-depth review of rehabilitation works; system diagnosis; revalidation of design assumptions on percolation and water supply; characterisation of system management, irrigation service and demand; and drawing up of options and a vision for the modernised irrigation systems. Central to the proposed modernisation strategy is the logical coherence among the design of physical structures, system operation and water supply so that improvements of irrigation service are possible. The book discusses the development of the proposed methodology and demonstrates its utility in two case study irrigation systems.
Modernism and Eugenics
by Marius TurdaModernism and Eugenics comprehensively explores modern Europe's fixation with eugenic programmes of racial and national purification. It convincingly demonstrates that between 1870 and 1940 eugenicists were not only preoccupied with rescuing the individual from the anomie of modernity but equally championed a glorious racial destiny for the nation.
Modernism and Phenomenology: Literature, Philosophy, Art (Modernism and... #10)
by Ariane MildenbergBraiding together strands of literary, phenomenological and art historical reflection, Modernism and Phenomenology explores the ways in which modernist writers and artists return us to wonder before the world. Taking such wonder as the motive for phenomenology itself, and challenging extant views of modernism that uphold a mind-world opposition rooted in Cartesian thought, the book considers the work of modernists who, far from presenting perfect, finished models for life and the self, embrace raw and semi-chaotic experience. Close readings of works by Paul Cézanne, Gertrude Stein, Franz Kafka, Gerard Manley Hopkins, Wallace Stevens, Paul Klee, and Virginia Woolf explore how modernist texts and artworks display a deep-rooted openness to the world that turns us into "perpetual beginners." Pushing back against ideas of modernism as fragmentation or groundlessness, Mildenberg argues that this openness is less a sign of powerlessness and deferred meaning than of the very provisionality of experience.
Modernism's Inhuman Worlds
by Rasheed TazudeenModernism's Inhuman Worlds explores the centrality of ecological precarity, species indeterminacy, planetary change, and the specter of extinction to modernist and contemporary metamodernist literatures. Modernist ecologies, Rasheed Tazudeen argues, emerge in response to the enigma of how to imagine inhuman being—including soils, forests, oceans, and the earth itself—through languages and epistemologies that have only ever been humanist. How might (meta)modernist aesthetics help us to imagine (with) inhuman worlds, including the worlds still to be made on the other side of mass extinction? Through innovative readings of canonical and emergent modernist and metamodernist works, Tazudeen theorizes inhuman modernism as a call toward further receptivity to the worlds, beings, and relations that tend to go unthought within Western humanist epistemologies. Modernist engagements with the figures of enigma, riddle, and metaphor, according to the book's central argument, offer a means toward what Franz Kafka calls an "otherwise" speaking, based on language's obliqueness to inhuman and planetary being. Drawing on ecocriticism, decolonial and feminist science studies, postcolonial theory, inhuman geography, and sound studies, Tazudeen analyzes an inhuman modernist lineage—spanning from Darwin, Carroll, and Flaubert, through Joyce, Kafka, and Woolf, to contemporary poetic works—as both part of a collaborative rethinking of modernism's planetary and inhuman aesthetics, as well as occasions for imagining new modes of livingness for the extinctions to come.
Modernismo, Modernity and the Development of Spanish American Literature
by Cathy L. JradeModernismo arose in Spanish American literature as a confrontation with and a response to modernizing forces that were transforming Spanish American society in the later nineteenth century. In this book, Cathy L. Jrade undertakes a full exploration of the modernista project and shows how it provided a foundation for trends and movements that have continued to shape literary production in Spanish America throughout the twentieth century.
Modernity in Health and Disease Diagnosis: The Account from STEM Women (Sustainable Development Goals Series)
by Eucharia Oluchi NwaichiThis book gathers contributions highlighting the role of women in science, with a focus on health and disease.Women have contributed in no small way to the wealth of knowledge and discoveries in various aspects of health.The 21st century has been dubbed the "Knowledge Economy" due to a substantial increase in the accessibility of information, leading individuals to become more knowledgeable and well-rounded.Given the fact that irrespective of the field of study, knowledge eventually decays, more women in the 21st century have been at the forefront extending the frontiers of knowledge in the field of STEMM (Science Technology Engineering Mathematics Medicine) - engaging in rigorous research and making significant contributions in the field. Letting their voices heard through their well-researched published studies is a significant way of encouraging other upcoming women scientist and bringing advances in disease diagnosis to achieve SDG3.The contributions in this book aim to increase visibility of women in the field of science and to serve as a source of inspiration to everyone.
Modernization and Its Political Consequences: Weber, Mannheim, and Schumpeter
by Hans Blokland Nancy Smyth Van WeesepPeople's capacity to give meaning and direction to social life is an essential dimension of political freedom. Yet many citizens of Western democracies believe that this freedom has become quite restricted. They feel they are at the mercy of anonymous structures and processes over which they have little control, structures and processes that present them with options and realities they might not have chosen if they had any real choice. As a result, political interest declines and political cynicism flourishes. The underlying cause of the powerlessness pervading the current political system could be modernization. Taking the work of Max Weber, Karl Mannheim, and Joseph Schumpeter as a point of departure, Hans Blokland here examines this process. The topics covered are, among others, the meaning of modernization, the forces that drive it, and, especially, the consequences of modernization for the political freedom of citizens to influence the course of their society via democratic politics.
Modernization and Political Actions in the Brazilian Amazon: The City of Barcarena, Pará (SpringerBriefs in Latin American Studies)
by João Santos NahumThis book offers an analysis of the territory of Barcarena, in the Brazilian Amazon. The author studies the land use and the implemented modernization policies that made it one of the richest cities of the state. The political system uses this territory as a resource to provide for the needs of a small circle of social agents. A system of conservative political actions enforces the process of modernization of the Baracena territory. Innovations in the Barcarena territory, such as the implementation of the aluminium factory Albras/Alunorte and the territorial configuration or public administration, lead to modernization simulations and artificial devices. The intended effect however is more about appearing to be modern, than actual modernization. The territorial use of Barcarena is aimed to protect the interests and privileges of the elite.
Modernization in Eastern Tibet: Leviathan the Forager (ISSN)
by Su HuUsing ethnographic materials and documents from East Tibetan villages, this book addresses the impact of modernization on everyday life and the ways in which it melds with traditional forms of knowledge to create a new Tibetan identity and scientific rationality.Including cases centred on meteorology, geography, and seismology, the book assesses a wide range of traditional local activities, including foraging, farming, and domestic practices, and argues that and demonstrates how science, technology, and ideas about modernity have all influenced these activities. It highlights that when inconsistencies among different knowledges emerge, modernization can create inconsistent assemblages of modern and traditional practices and reveal the multiplicity of everyday life.Using these examples of everyday life to portray the complexity of day-to-day existence in Tibet, this book will be of huge interest to students and scholars of Tibet, China, human geography, anthropology, and the sociology of science and technology.
Modernizing America's Electricity Infrastructure (The\mit Press Ser.)
by Mason WillrichA comprehensive, coherent strategy for modernizing America's electricity infrastructure while ensuring affordable, reliable, secure, and environmentally sustainable electricity services.America's aging electricity infrastructure is deteriorating rapidly even as the need for highly reliable electric service—driven by the explosion of digital technology—continues to rise. Largely missing from national discussions, however, is a coherent, comprehensive national strategy for modernizing this critical infrastructure. Energy expert Mason Willrich presents just such a strategy in this book, connecting the dots across electric utilities, independent suppliers, government bureaucracies, political jurisdictions, and academic disciplines. He explains the need for a coherent approach, offers a framework for analyzing policy options, and proposes a step-by-step strategy for modernizing electrical infrastructure, end-to-end, in a way that ensures the delivery of affordable, reliable, secure, and environmentally sustainable electricity services.Willrich argues that an effective electrical infrastructure modernization strategy must incorporate flexibility, adaptability, and the capacity to coordinate policies at local, state, and federal levels. He reviews the history of America's electrification, from Edison's demonstration of the incandescent light bulb through the recent expansion of wind, solar, and energy efficiency as carbon-free energy resources. He describes the current ownership and operation of the electric industry and the complicated web of federal and state policies that govern it.
Modernizing China’s Undergraduate Engineering Education Through Systemic Reforms: Ideas, Practices, and Impacts (SpringerBriefs in Education)
by Tengteng ZhuangThis book examines the comprehensive engineering education reform since China put forward its New Engineering Education policy in early 2017. It presents systematic reform measures at micro-level, such as national policies on massively building up new programs that cater to emerging state-of-the-art technologies in the industry, on developing synergistic approaches to education through tightened university–industry collaboration, and on formulating the four-level quality assurance mechanisms. The book also addresses meso-level institutional schemes and implementations at several case universities researched, and micro-level issues directly regarding teaching and student learning based on empirical studies.Overall, this book provides the international community the knowledge of how international benchmarking of university engineering education is reflected in the Chinese context, and helps readers to gain an understanding the success and failure of different practices in achieving relevant reform goals.
Modes of Cooperative Effects in Dinuclear Complexes (Topics in Organometallic Chemistry #70)
by Philippe KalckThis book presents recent advances in dinuclear complexes in which the metal-metal cooperative effect operates for obtaining substrate activation and high performance catalysts. Catalysis continues to be a fast expanding area to design efficient tools in synthesis and in industrial chemistry. It allows performing syntheses with short reaction times, atom economy, reduced consumption of energy and loss of reagents, and low level of wastes. Dinuclear complexes are known to be more efficient than the mononuclear analogues for the reaction rates and the selectivities. This book analyses the latest research, focusing on the key concepts, in building and using these dinuclear complexes. The book is aimed at researchers, graduate students and chemists at all levels in academia and industry.
Modification of K0s and Lambda(AntiLambda) Transverse Momentum Spectra in Pb-Pb Collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV with ALICE
by Simone SchuchmannThis thesis offers an excellent, comprehensive introduction to the physics of the quark–gluon plasma. It clearly explains the connection between theory and experiment, making the topic accessible to non-specialists in this field. The experimental work, which contributes significantly to our understanding of the quark–gluon plasma, is described in great detail. The results described in the final chapters of the thesis provide interesting new ideas about the connection between proton-proton and Pb-Pb collisions. Simone Schuchmann received the 'ALICE Thesis Award 2016' for this excellent work.
Modifications of Einstein's Theory of Gravity at Large Distances
by Eleftherios PapantonopoulosIn the last few years modified gravity theories have been proposed as extensions of Einstein's theory of gravity. Their main motivation is to explain the latest cosmological and astrophysical data on dark energy and dark matter. The study of general relativity at small scales has already produced important results (cf e. g. LNP 863 Quantum Gravity and Quantum Cosmology) while its study at large scales is challenging because recent and upcoming observational results will provide important information on the validity of these modified theories. In this volume, various aspects of modified gravity at large scales will be discussed: high-curvature gravity theories; general scalar-tensor theories; Galileon theories and their cosmological applications; F(R) gravity theories; massive, new massive and topologically massive gravity; Chern-Simons modifications of general relativity (including holographic variants) and higher-spin gravity theories, to name but a few of the most important recent developments. Edited and authored by leading researchers in the field and cast into the form of a multi-author textbook at postgraduate level, this volume will be of benefit to all postgraduate students and newcomers from neighboring disciplines wishing to find a comprehensive guide for their future research.
Modifications of Passive Films
by P. MarcusThe modification of passive films is a promising method of improving the corrosion resistance of metallic materials. As well as reviewing a wide spectrum of film modifications and their effects on passivity and to corrosion resistance, papers presented at this international symposium deal with chemical composition, chemical states and electronic properties of passive films.
Modified Cyclodextrins for Chiral Separation
by Dongping Sun Siu-Choon Ng Weihua TangModified Cyclodextrins for Chiral Separation offers a review of the latest advances in developing modified cyclodextrins as chiral selectors for various chromatographic and electromigration techniques. Over the years, many descriptions of chiral separation have appeared in academic journals and books, but most of them have been devoted to either the development of analytical methods and protocols or the summary of different chiral selectors, including cyclodextrins for chiral separation applications. This is in marked contrast to this volume which focuses on the research endeavors concerning the development of cyclodextrin derivatives specifically as either chiral mobile phases for capillary electrophoresis, or chiral stationary phases for various chromatographic techniques including gas chromatography, or high-performance liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography. The ongoing thread in this book is the synthesis of structurally-defined cyclodextrin derivatives and their applications in enantiomer separation by means of different analytical techniques. Modified Cyclodextrins for Chiral Separation is intended for those who are interested in expanding their knowledge of cyclodextrin chemistry and chiral separation, and in what cyclodextrin modification can be made to suit the needs of chiral selectors for different analytical techniques. It primarily focuses on the state-of-the-art cyclodextrin chemistry which is the basis for all chiral selectors used in these chiral separation techniques. Weihua Tang, PhD, is a professor at the Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China. Siu-Choon Ng, PhD, is a professor at the Division of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Dongping Sun, PhD, is a professor at the Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China.