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Modern Groundwater Exploration: Discovering New Water Resources in Consolidated Rocks Using Innovative Hydrogeologic Concepts, Exploration, Drilling, Aquifer Testing and Management Methods
by Jay H. Lehr Robert A. BissonNew exploration tools and techniques for a breakthrough paradigm of regional groundwater occurrence Fresh water is undoubtedly our most precious resource aside from the air we breathe, and the only commodity whose cost has steadily risen over time. At the same time, our understanding of the origins, pathways, and recharge mechanisms of the earth's most valuable "economic" mineral-groundwater-remains in the nineteenth century. It is ironic that this scientific anachronism is contributing to a global shortage of available fresh water supplies while oil, gas, and mineral discoveries have proliferated, vastly increasing the world's energy, precious metals, and industrial mineral reserves. Modern Groundwater Exploration details applications and results of proven twenty-first- century technologies and geological concepts adapted from the oil, gas, and mineral exploration industries for evaluating, developing, and managing previously undiscovered, massive, sustainable groundwater resources. Unprecedented in both its scope and authority, this timely book presents: * A new groundwater paradigm, coined Megawatershed, which accurately and comprehensively describes the earth's natural complex groundwater systems * Innovative exploration, drilling, and testing technologies that make major new ground-water sources more locatable and cost-effective to produce than ever before * Actual case studies in which megawatershed methods have identified vast quantities of new water and brought new hope to previously arid and desperately water-short locales * Chapters by former OECD DAC chairman Alexander R. Love, geopolitical analyst Dr. Ewan Anderson, and former director of the Trinidad and Tobago Water Resources Agency Dr. Utam Maharaj on the tremendous global implications of the megawater-shed paradigm. These experts explore the many beneficial applications of megawater-shed development, from macroeconomics to development of small island developing state (SIDS), and from critical environmental issues to water conflict resolution and the potential for a second "green revolution" The world's need for clean, dependable water is more urgent-and addressable-than ever before. Let Modern Groundwater Exploration introduce you to the authors' revolutionary megawatershed paradigm, along with the latest concepts and technologies for accessing vast reservoirs of groundwater-still today's safest, cleanest, and most plentiful water resource.
Modern HPLC for Practicing Scientists
by Michael W. DongHigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is the most widely used analytical technique for organic compounds and biomolecules. This book is both concise in its treatment of HPLC and broad in its scope, providing the essence of HPLC fundamentals, applications, and developments, as well as providing a modern operating guide for the practicing scientist. The book includes a comprehensive overview of the principles and practices of HPLC in diverse industries; describes basic fundamentals and terminologies for the novice; and introduces more advanced concepts, best practices, and modern trends for the more experienced practitioner. While systematic and broad in scope, the book has a definite focus on reversed-phase HPLC with an emphasis on pharmaceutical applications.
Modern Humans: Their African Origin and Global Dispersal
by John HoffeckerModern Humans is a vivid account of the most recent—and perhaps the most important—phase of human evolution: the appearance of anatomically modern people (Homo sapiens) in Africa less than half a million years ago and their later spread throughout the world. Leaving no stone unturned, John F. Hoffecker demonstrates that Homo sapiens represents a “major transition” in the evolution of living systems in terms of fundamental changes in the role of non-genetic information. Modern Humans synthesizes recent findings from genetics (including the rapidly growing body of ancient DNA), the human fossil record, and archaeology relating to the African origin and global dispersal of anatomically modern people. Hoffecker places humans in the broad context of the evolution of life, emphasizing the critical role of genetic and non-genetic forms of information in living systems as well as how changes in the storage, transmission, and translation of information underlie major transitions in evolution. He also draws on information and complexity theory to explain the emergence of Homo sapiens in Africa several hundred thousand years ago and the rapid and unprecedented spread of our species into a variety of environments in Australia and Eurasia, including the Arctic and Beringia, beginning between 75,000 and 60,000 years ago. This magisterial work will appeal to all with an interest in the ever-fascinating field of human evolution.
Modern Hydroforming Technology
by Shijian YuanThis book provides a systematic and comprehensive illustration of principle, process and equipment regarding novel hydroforming technology for tube, sheet and shell structures. More than 100 industrial cases were used to aid the discussions enabling a vivid and thorough understanding to be delivered to readers. Readers with different professional levels cannot only get a preliminary while systematic overview to know hydroforming but also obtain practical guides for process designs.
Modern Immunohistochemistry
by Peiguo Chu Lawrence WeissDiagnostic pathology is an inherently flawed science due to the many possible interpretations of various tissues. However, the application of immunohistochemical stains as a diagnostic tool has been widely used since the 1990s as an extremely effective ancillary technique that removes much subjectivity from the practice. In fact, immunohistochemistry has supplanted simple morphologic evaluation as the definitive diagnostic method for a wide array of tumor types. This book offers a new and modern atlas-based resource for this science. Every anatomic region is covered in detail, and major diseases contain side-by-side examples of other ancillary staining techniques for comparison. The text is geared toward both the resident and practitioner of anatomic pathology and is supplemented with histograms, algorithms, and guides to the application and interpretation of uncommon antigens and immunostains. Not only is the book illustrated with more than 600 high-quality photomicrographs, but a companion CD-ROM of all images in downloadable format is included.
Modern Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology
by Nduka Okafor Benedict C. OkekeThe field of industrial microbiology involves a thorough knowledge of the microbial physiology behind the processes in the large-scale, profit-oriented production of microbe-related goods which are the subject of the field. In recent times a paradigm shift has occurred, and a molecular understanding of the various processes by which plants, animals and microorganisms are manipulated is now central to industrial microbiology. Thus the various applications of industrial microbiology are covered broadly, with emphasis on the physiological and genomic principles behind these applications. Relevance of the new elements such as bioinformatics, genomics, proteomics, site-directed mutation and metabolic engineering, which have necessitated the paradigm shift in industrial microbiology are discussed.
Modern Infectious Disease Epidemiology
by Mirjam Kretzschmar Alexander Krämer Klaus KrickebergHardly a day goes by without news headlines concerning infectious disease threats. Currently the spectre of a pandemic of influenza A|H1N1 is raising its head, and heated debates are taking place about the pro's and con's of vaccinating young girls against human papilloma virus. For an evidence-based and responsible communication of infectious disease topics to avoid misunderstandings and overreaction of the public, we need solid scientific knowledge and an understanding of all aspects of infectious diseases and their control. The aim of our book is to present the reader with the general picture and the main ideas of the subject. The book introduces the reader to methodological aspects of epidemiology that are specific for infectious diseases and provides insight into the epidemiology of some classes of infectious diseases characterized by their main modes of transmission. This choice of topics bridges the gap between scientific research on the clinical, biological, mathematical, social and economic aspects of infectious diseases and their applications in public health. The book will help the reader to understand the impact of infectious diseases on modern society and the instruments that policy makers have at their disposal to deal with these challenges. It is written for students of the health sciences, both of curative medicine and public health, and for experts that are active in these and related domains, and it may be of interest for the educated layman since the technical level is kept relatively low.
Modern Intermediate Mechanics
by Walter WilcoxModern Intermediate Mechanics (MIM) covers all the basic concepts of classical mechanics. It can serve as a foundational text for a one-semester course or a complete two-semester sequence for intermediate-level undergraduate students in physics or engineering. It includes a comprehensive coverage of the ideas at a basic level (Part I) and at an advanced level (Part II). In addition: MIM has many modern applications including Green functions (Chapter 3), Dirac delta functions (Chapter 3), chaos theory (Chapter 4), variational theory (Chapter 6), Runge-Lenz treatment of celestial mechanics (Chapter 8), aspects of General Relativity (Chapter 8), gravitational light deflection (Chapter 9), the Foucault pendulum (Chapter 10), as well as the concept of the “light cone” in special relativity (Chapter 13) MIM hits the “sweet spot” level of mathematical rigor. The student is challenged but in an engaging manner MIM has many complete, solved examples in the text as well as 290 original problems arranged by section number. This arrangement is helpful to instructors who need to know quickly which problems to assign for a given text coverage
Modern Introduction to Surface Plasmons: Theory, Mathematica Modeling and Applications
by Dror Sarid William A. ChallenerIntroducing graduate students in physics, optics, materials science and electrical engineering to surface plasmons, this 2010 book also covers guided modes at planar interfaces of metamaterials with negative refractive index. The physics of localized and propagating surface plasmons, on planar films, gratings, nanowires and nanoparticles, is developed using both analytical and numerical techniques. Guided modes at the interfaces between materials with any combination of positive or negative permittivity and permeability are analyzed in a systematic manner. Applications of surface plasmon physics are described, including near-field transducers in heat-assisted magnetic recording and biosensors. Resources at www. cambridge. org/9780521767170 include Mathematica code to generate figures from the book, color versions of many figures, and extended discussion of topics such as vector diffraction theory.
Modern Land Drainage: Planning, Design and Management of Agricultural Drainage Systems
by Willem F. Vlotman Lambert K. Smedema David W. RycroftModern Land Drainage 2nd edition is a fully revised and updated edition of the 2004 edition. Modern Land Drainage describes traditional drainage formulas (Hooghoudt, Kirkham, Donnan, Ernst, Glover-Dumm) for rainfed agriculture in the humid temperature zone. Significant parts are devoted to drainage for salinity control of irrigated land in (semi-) arid zones, and to drainage of rice land in the humid tropics. Institutional, management and maintenance aspects are extensively covered, as well as the mitigation of adverse impacts of drainage interventions on the environment. The latest computer applications for drainage design in the context of integrated water management are described (DRAINMOD, HEC, SWAP, etc.). Field surveys are executed by governments, with the aid of consultants, but rarely are the end stakeholders (i.e., farmers and general public) involved from inception to planning to execution of a drainage system. Yet, during the Operation, Management and Maintenance (OMM) phase of a water management system, they are expected to takeover, run, bear and be responsible for the costs of OMM. The book describes successful methodologies and processes to be followed for engagement of stakeholders at all levels, from government to farm, from minister to farmer, and, from beginning to end. The book covers all aspects needed for sustainable drainage. The latest survey methodologies with satellites and drones are suggested to assess cause and effect. Waterlogging and salinity are the effect of something caused most likely upstream of the drainage problem location. Hence treating the cause may be more cost-effective. Triple Bottom Line (social, environmental and financial considerations) and the water-food-energy nexus are an integral part of the drainage design process. Controlled drainage, i.e. the balance of removal and conservation of drainage water and minimising solute transport as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA principle) is extensively described. This work is intended for use both as a university level textbook and as a professional handbook; it is of particular value to professionals engaged in drainage development in the context of integrated water resources and river basin management, civil and agricultural engineers, government officials, university students and libraries.
Modern Luminescence Spectroscopy of Minerals and Materials
by Michael Gaft Renata Reisfeld Gerard PanczerThe book is devoted to three types of laser-based spectroscopy of minerals, namely Laser-Induced Time-Resolved Luminescence, Laser-Induced Breakdown spectroscopy and Gated Raman Spectroscopy. This new edition presents the main new data, which have been received after the publication of the first edition ten years ago both by the authors and by other researchers. During this time, only the authors published more than 50 original papers devoted to laser-based spectroscopy of minerals. A lot of new data have been accumulated, both in fundamental and applied aspects, which are presented in new edition.
Modern Magnetic Resonance: Part 1: Applications In Chemistry, Biological And Marine Sciences, Part 2: Applications In Medical And Pharmaceutical Sciences, Part 3: Applications In Materials Science And Food Science
by Graham A. WebbA comprehensive collection of the applications of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Electron-Spin Resonance (ESR). Covers the wide ranging disciplines in which these techniques are used:* Chemistry;* Biological Sciences;* Pharmaceutical Sciences;* Medical uses;* Marine Science;* Materials Science;* Food Science. Illustrates many techniques through the applications described, e.g.:* High resolution solid and liquid state NMR;* Low resolution NMR, especially important in food science;* Solution State NMR, especially important in pharmaceutical sciences;* Magnetic Resonance Imaging, especially important for medical uses;* Electron Spin Resonance, especially important for spin-labelling in food, marine and medical studies.
Modern Mathematics and Mechanics: Fundamentals, Problems and Challenges (Understanding Complex Systems)
by Victor A. Sadovnichiy Michael Z. ZgurovskyIn this book international expert authors provide solutions for modern fundamental problems including the complexity of computing of critical points for set-valued mappings, the behaviour of solutions of ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations and difference equations, or the development of an abstract theory of global attractors for multi-valued impulsive dynamical systems. These abstract mathematical approaches are applied to problem-solving in solid mechanics, hydro- and aerodynamics, optimization, decision making theory and control theory. This volume is therefore relevant to mathematicians as well as engineers working at the interface of these fields.
Modern Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques for Photovoltaic Energy Systems (Green Energy and Technology)
by Ali M. Eltamaly Almoataz Y. AbdelazizThis book introduces and analyses the latest maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques, which can effectively reduce the cost of power generated from photovoltaic energy systems. It also presents a detailed description, analysis, and comparison of various MPPT techniques applied to stand-alone systems and those interfaced with electric utilities, examining their performance under normal and abnormal operating conditions. These techniques, which and can be conventional or smart, are a current hot topic, and this book is a valuable reference resource for academic researchers and industry professionals who are interested in exploring and implementing advanced MPPT for photovoltaic systems. It is also useful for graduate students who are looking to expand their knowledge of MPPT techniques.
Modern Mechanics and Applications: Select Proceedings of ICOMMA 2020 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Nguyen Tien Khiem Tran Van Lien Nguyen Xuan HungThis proceedings book includes a selection of refereed papers presented at the International Conference on Modern Mechanics and Applications (ICOMMA) 2020, which took place in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, on December 2–4, 2020. The contributions highlight recent trends and applications in modern mechanics. Subjects covered include biological systems; damage, fracture, and failure; flow problems; multiscale multi-physics problems; composites and hybrid structures; optimization and inverse problems; lightweight structures; mechatronics; dynamics; numerical methods and intelligent computing; additive manufacturing; natural hazards modeling. The book is intended for academics, including graduate students and experienced researchers interested in recent trends in modern mechanics and application.
Modern Medicine: Biomedical Devices, Medical Gases, Radiopharmaceuticals, New Drug Discovery, Volume 2
by Pronobesh Chattopadhyay Danswrang GoyaryModern Medicine: Biomedical Devices, Medical Gases, Radiopharmaceuticals, New Drug Discovery, Volume 2 discusses the procedures of drug approval and regulatory requirements that must be met according to the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Medical Agency (EMA), and the Central Drug Standard Control Organization (CDSCO). In the rapidly evolving landscape of modern medicine, groundbreaking innovations have emerged that are reshaping the way we approach healthcare. Modern Medicine delves into the cutting-edge realms of medical devices, medical gases, radiopharmaceuticals, and new drug discovery, offering a comprehensive exploration of these transformative fields that are revolutionizing patient care and medical practices. Discover the future of healthcare technology, and uncover the intricate world of biomedical engineering, where state-of-the-art devices seamlessly merge with the human body to monitor, diagnose, and treat ailments Dive deep into the utilization of medical gases for respiratory conditions, pain management, and even novel applications in regenerative medicine Unravel the mysteries of radiopharmaceuticals, a fusion of molecular imaging and therapy that offers unprecedented insights into the inner workings of the human body Embark on a journey through the intricate processes of drug discovery, where groundbreaking research and cutting-edge technologies are yielding therapies that were once deemed impossible Modern Medicine is a must-read for medical professionals, researchers, students, and anyone intrigued by the remarkable intersection of science, technology, and patient well-being. Join us on a journey to the forefront of medical innovation, where the unimaginable becomes reality, and the future of healthcare takes shape before our eyes. The chapter on regulatory implications for the approval process in this book will be the most useful resource for researchers and students, particularly those with backgrounds in pharma, forensic medicine, regulatory affairs, or those who aspire to succeed in drug research. Additionally, the information contained in this volume of the book could be of great interest to researchers working in the pharmaceutical and health industries.
Modern Medicines from Plants: Botanical histories of some of modern medicine’s most important drugs
by John Newton Timothy Cutler Michael De Swiet Graham Foster Susan Burge Anthony Dayan Arjun Devanesan Jane Knowles Henry Oakeley Noel Snell Angela TunstallThe full colour, beautifully illustrated Modern Medicines from Plants: Botanical histories of some of modern medicine’s most important drugs features information on plants from which we obtain modern prescription medicines. It outlines their historical uses as herbal medicines in the past two millennia, using primary sources, and describes how extracts from them, and their semisynthetic and synthetic derivatives, were developed to be today’s therapeutic drugs and diagnostic chemicals. This book describes medicinal plants and their habitats, the diseases that their medicines treat, and the science of how they work. This amazing and unique book is a wonderful read for those with an interest in both herbal and prescription medicines. Written with authority by physicians and gardeners at the Garden of Medicinal Plants at the Royal College of Physicians, London, chapters detail the history and modern scientific research on plants and their medicines. It is very useful to physicians, pharmacists, herbalists, historians and gardeners, bringing together information from every discipline to make it a work of interest as well as reference. Features · Written for people interested in medicinal plants, where medicines come from, and how they treat our diseases. · Contains information on 50 plants, mostly growing in the medicinal garden of the Royal College of Physicians in London, describing how they became the source of modern pharmaceutical medicines. · Describes medicinal uses of plants in Classical Greece as written by Dioscorides, Pliny and Galen, through the flowering of Arabic medicine by physicians such as Paulus Aegineta, Mesue and Avicenna to the 12th to 14th century compilations of Serapion and Sylvaticus and the European Renaissance of Peter Treveris, William Turner, Leonard Fuchs, Pietro Mattioli, John Gerarde, John Parkinson, Nicholas Culpeper, and many others to the pharmacopoeias of the 16th century to the present day. · Fully referenced including a glossary for explanation of technical terms.
Modern Metaheuristics in Image Processing
by Diego Oliva Marco Pérez-Cisneros Salvador Hinojosa Noe Ortega-SánchezThe use of metaheuristic algorithms (MA) has been increasing in recent years, and the image processing field is not the exempted of their application. In the last two years a big amount of MA has been introduced as alternatives for solving complex optimization problems. This book collects the most prominent MA of the 2019 and 2020 and verifies its use in image processing tasks. In addition, literature review of both MA and digital image processing is presented as part of the introductory information. Each algorithm is detailed explained with special focus in the tuning parameters and the proper implementation for the image processing tasks. Besides several examples permits to the reader explore and confirm the use of this kind of intelligent methods. Since image processing is widely used in different domains, this book considers different kinds of datasets that includes, magnetic resonance images, thermal images, agriculture images, among others. The reader then can have some ideas of implementation that complement the theory exposed of each optimization mechanism. Regarding the image processing problems this book consider the segmentation by using different metrics based on entropies or variances. In the same way, the identification of different shapes and the detection of objects are also covered in the corresponding chapters. Each chapter is complemented with a wide range of experiments and statistical analysis that permits the reader to judge about the performance of the MA. Finally, there is included a section that includes some discussion and conclusions. This section also provides some open questions and research opportunities for the audience.
Modern Methods for Analysing Archaeological and Historical Glass
by Koen H. JanssensThe first scientific volume to compile the modern analytical techniques for glass analysis, Modern Methods for Analysing Archaeological and Historical Glass presents an up-to-date description of the physico-chemical methods suitable for determining the composition of glass and for speciation of specific components. This unique resource presents members of Association Internationale pour l'Histoire du Verre, as well as university scholars, with a number of case studies where the effective use of one or more of these methods for elucidating a particular culturo-historical or historo-technical aspect of glass manufacturing technology is documented.
Modern Methods for Epidemiology
by Yu-Kang Tu Darren C. GreenwoodRoutine applications of advanced statistical methods on real data have become possible in the last ten years because desktop computers have become much more powerful and cheaper. However, proper understanding of the challenging statistical theory behind those methods remains essential for correct application and interpretation, and rarely seen in the medical literature. Modern Methods for Epidemiology provides a concise introduction to recent development in statistical methodologies for epidemiological and biomedical researchers. Many of these methods have become indispensible tools for researchers working in epidemiology and medicine but are rarely discussed in details by standard textbooks of biostatistics or epidemiology. Contributors of this book are experienced researchers and experts in their respective fields. This textbook provides a solid starting point for those who are new to epidemiology, and for those looking for guidance in more modern statistical approaches to observational epidemiology. Epidemiological and biomedical researchers who wish to overcome the mathematical barrier of applying those methods to their research will find this book an accessible and helpful reference for self-learning and research. This book is also a good source for teaching postgraduate students in medical statistics or epidemiology.
Modern Methods in Carbohydrate Synthesis (Frontiers In Natural Product Research Ser. #Vol. 1)
by Shaheer H. KhanModern Methods in Carbohydrate Synthesis presents in one volume a sequence of chapters leading from classical methods through to today's newest state-of -the-art technology for oligosaccharide synthesis. It places particular emphasis on the most recent breakthroughs in the field, including emerging technologies for both oligosaccharide and glycoconjugate synthesis. Chapters describing the synthesis of increasingly important glycosidic linkage analogs, as well as the oligosaccharides containing derivatives and analogs of natural sugars are included. While chemical-synthetic methods constitute the major part of the book, completing the volume is a section on the rapidly expanding and important field of enzymatic synthesis, also covering combined chemical and enzymatic synthesis.Chapters are written by leading experts in the field. Wherever possible, methods of synthesis are provided in sufficient detail to allow the reader to implement the techniques described. More than 1700 references are provided in the 21 chapters comprising the book. This volume should provide a wealth of information to a large number of synthetic organic chemists, medicinal chemists, protein chemists, biochemists, glycobiologists and cell biologists, including students in these fields.
Modern Methods in Collisional-Radiative Modeling of Plasmas
by Yuri RalchenkoThis book provides a compact yet comprehensive overview of recentdevelopments in collisional-radiative (CR) modeling of laboratory andastrophysical plasmas. It describes advances across the entirefield, from basic considerations of model completeness to validation andverification of CR models to calculation of plasma kinetic characteristics andspectra in diverse plasmas. Various approaches to CR modeling are presented, together with numerousexamples of applications. A number of important topics, such as atomicmodels for CR modeling, atomic data and its availability and quality, radiationtransport, non-Maxwellian effects on plasma emission, ionization potentiallowering, and verification and validation of CR models, are thoroughlyaddressed. Strong emphasis is placed on the most recent developments in thefield, such as XFEL spectroscopy. Written by leading international research scientists from a number ofkey laboratories, the book offers a timely summary of the most recent progress in this area. It will be a useful and practical guide for students andexperienced researchers working in plasma spectroscopy, spectra simulations,and related fields.
Modern Methods in Stereoselective Aldol Reactions
by Rainer MahrwaldThe selective formation of bondings between molecules is one of the major challenges in organic chemistry, and the so-called aldol reaction is one of the most important for this purpose. These reactions are a highly useful tool for developing such novel substances as natural products and pharmaceuticals.Likes its highly successful and much appreciated predecessor, "Modern Aldol Reactions", this ready reference provides a systematic overview of methodologies for installing a required configuration during an aldol addition step, but shifts the focus so as to cover the latest developments.As such, it presents a set of brand new tools, including vinylogous Mukaiyama-aldol reactions and substrate-controlled aldol reactions, as well as asymmetric induction in aldol additions. Furthermore, new developments in existing stereoselective aldol additions are described, such as the deployment of supersilyl groups or organocatalyzed aldol additions. All of these methodologies are presented in the context of their deployment in the total synthesis of natural products.
Modern Methods of Crystal Structure Prediction
by Artem R. OganovGathering leading specialists in the field of structure prediction, this book provides a unique view of this complex and rapidly developing field, reflecting the numerous viewpoints of the different authors. A summary of the major achievements over the last few years and of the challenges still remaining makes this monograph very timely.
Modern Methods of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Second Edition, Volume II
by Roger E. SchirmerThis book reviews several of the newer methods that find wide application in pharmaceutical analysis, as well as several older methods of unique importance. The principle of each technique is discussed with emphasis on factors that directly affect its proper application to analytical problems .