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Molecules in Electromagnetic Fields: From Ultracold Physics to Controlled Chemistry
by Roman V. KremsA tutorial for calculating the response of molecules to electric and magnetic fields with examples from research in ultracold physics, controlled chemistry, and molecular collisions in fields Molecules in Electromagnetic Fields is intended to serve as a tutorial for students beginning research, theoretical or experimental, in an area related to molecular physics. The author—a noted expert in the field—offers a systematic discussion of the effects of static and dynamic electric and magnetic fields on the rotational, fine, and hyperfine structure of molecules. The book illustrates how the concepts developed in ultracold physics research have led to what may be the beginning of controlled chemistry in the fully quantum regime. Offering a glimpse of the current state of the art research, this book suggests future research avenues for ultracold chemistry. The text describes theories needed to understand recent exciting developments in the research on trapping molecules, guiding molecular beams, laser control of molecular rotations, and external field control of microscopic intermolecular interactions. In addition, the author presents the description of scattering theory for molecules in electromagnetic fields and offers practical advice for students working on various aspects of molecular interactions. This important text: Offers information on theeffects of electromagnetic fields on the structure of molecular energy levels Includes thorough descriptions of the most useful theories for ultracold molecule researchers Presents a wealth of illustrative examples from recent experimental and theoretical work Contains helpful exercises that help to reinforce concepts presented throughout text Written for senior undergraduate and graduate students, professors, researchers, physicists, physical chemists, and chemical physicists, Molecules in Electromagnetic Fields is an interdisciplinary text describing theories and examples from the core of contemporary molecular physics.
Molecules in Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets: Spectroscopy, Structure, and Dynamics (Topics in Applied Physics #145)
by Jan Peter Toennies Alkwin SlenczkaThis open access book covers recent advances in experiments using the ultra-cold, very weakly perturbing superfluid environment provided by helium nanodroplets for high resolution spectroscopic, structural and dynamic studies of molecules and synthetic clusters. The recent infra-red, UV-Vis studies of radicals, molecules, clusters, ions and biomolecules, as well as laser dynamical and laser orientational studies, are reviewed. The Coulomb explosion studies of the uniquely quantum structures of small helium clusters, X-ray imaging of large droplets and electron diffraction of embedded molecules are also described. Particular emphasis is given to the synthesis and detection of new species by mass spectrometry and deposition electron microscopy.
Molecules of Emotion
by Deepak Chopra Brooke Zimmer Candace B. PertWhy do we feel the way we feel? How do our thoughts and emotions affect our health? Are our bodies and minds distinct from one another or do they function together as parts of an interconnected system? In this groundbreaking audiobook, Candace Pert -- a neuroscientist whose extraordinary career began with her 1972 discovery of the opiate receptor -- provides startling and decisive answers to these and other challenging questions that scientists and philosophers have pondered for centuries. From explaining the scientific basis of popular wisdom about phenomena like "gut feelings" to making comprehensible recent discoveries in cancer and AIDS research,Molecules of Emotionis an intellectual adventure of the highest order. Yet the journey Pert takes us on is one of personal as well as scientific discovery. Woven into her lucid explanations of the science underlying her work is the remarkable story of how -- faced with personal and professional obstacles -- she has grown as a woman and a mother, and how her personal and spiritual development has led to breakthroughs in her remarkable career. Molecules of Emotionis a landmark work. Full of insight and wisdom, it is among those rare audiobooks which possess the power to change the way we see the world and ourselves.
Molecules: The Elements and the Architecture of Everything
by Theodore Gray Nick MannIn his highly anticipated sequel to The Elements, Theodore Gray demonstrates how the elements of the periodic table combine to form the molecules that make up our world. Everything physical is made up of the elements and the infinite variety of molecules they form when they combine with each other. In Molecules, Theodore Gray takes the next step in the grand story that began with the periodic table in his best-selling book, The Elements: A Visual Exploration of Every Known Atom in the Universe. Here, he explores through fascinating stories and trademark stunning photography the most interesting, essential, useful, and beautiful of the millions of chemical structures that make up every material in the world. Gray begins with an explanation of how atoms bond to form molecules and compounds, as well as the difference between organic and inorganic chemistry. He then goes on to explore the vast array of materials molecules can create, including: soaps and solvents; goops and oils; rocks and ores; ropes and fibers; painkillers and dangerous drugs; sweeteners; perfumes and stink bombs; colors and pigments; and controversial compounds including asbestos, CFCs, and thimerosal.Theodore Gray is the author of The Elements: A Visual Exploration of Every Known Atom in the Universe; Theo Gray's Mad Science: Experiments You Can Do At Home, But Probably Shouldn't; Mad Science 2: Experiments You Can Do At Home, But Still Probably Shouldn't; and Popular Science magazine's "Gray Matter" column. With his company Touch Press, Gray is the developer of best-selling iPad and iPhone apps, including The Elements, Solar System, Disney Animated, The Orchestra, The Waste Land, and Skulls by Simon Winchester. He lives in Urbana, Illinois.Nick Mann is the photographer of The Elements: A Visual Exploration of Every Known Atom in the Universe. Aside from having photographed more elements and compounds than probably anyone in the world, he is an accomplished landscape, sports, and event photographer. He lives in Urbana, Illinois.
Molekularbiologie der Zelle
by Keith Roberts David Morgan Martin Raff Peter Walter Bruce Alberts Alexander D. Johnson Rebecca HealdDie Zelle – das ganze Wissen in einem Buch „Molekularbiologie der Zelle“ ist seit 40 Jahren das führende Lehrbuch der Zellbiologie. Vollständig aktualisiert stellt die Neuauflage das sich rasch weiter-entwickelnde Wissen zum zentralen Gegenstand der Biologie dar – der Zelle. Aufbauend auf den biochemisch-molekularbiologischen Grundlagen der Lebensvorgänge werden Aufbau und Funktion von eukaryotischen Zellen und Geweben, deren Lebenszyklus und die Interaktion mit Pathogenen beschrieben. Mit erstklassiger und bewährter Didaktik führt die siebte Auflage dieses weltweiten Klassikers sowohl in die grundlegenden Konzepte der Zellbiologie als auch in deren faszinierende Anwendungen in Medizin und Biotechnologie ein: durchgehend aktualisiert mit einem Fokus auf Aspekten der Evolution und Biodiversität neue Unterkapitel zu Modellorganismen, zur DNA-Reparatur und zum humanen Mikrobiom stellt aktuelle Themen verständlich dar, wie biomolekulare Kondensate, korrelative Mikroskopie, Tumorgenomforschung, Coronaviren und mRNA-Impfstoffe Fast 1500 anschauliche Farbabbildungen, die zum großen Teil neu gestaltet wurden 21 großformatige Tafeln verdeutlichen komplexe Vorgänge, klassische Experimente und aktuelle Methoden weiterführende Literatur mit wichtigen Originalarbeiten und Lehrbüchern Glossar mit mehr als 1100 grundlegenden Begriffen Studierende in den Fächern Molekularbiologie, Genetik, Zellbiologie, Biochemie und Biotechnologie führt dieses Buch vom ersten Semester des Bachelor- bis ins Master-Studium und darüber hinaus. Aus Rezensionen zu früheren englisch- und deutschsprachigen Auflagen „Jede Seite zeugt von der Liebe der Autoren zum exakten Detail, gleichzeitig aber von ihrer Anstrengung, Wissen aus einem schier unüberschaubaren Fachgebiet leicht erfassbar und gut lesbar aufzubereiten. … Der klare, prägnante Stil, die Fülle an informativen Diagram-men und Abbildungen setzen eindrucksvolle Maßstäbe.“ Nature „…Molecular Biology of the Cell gelingt es ausgezeichnet, die Fortschritte [der moleku-laren Zellbiologie] darzustellen. Auch aus der kommenden Generation von Interessenten wird es niemand auch nur einen Moment bedauern, sich dieses Werk zugelegt zu haben.“ Cell „Man spürt, wie sehr es den Autoren daran gelegen ist, ihre eigene Begeisterung für ihr Metier auf den geneigten Leser zu übertragen. … Wer hier einmal eingestiegen ist, wird nur schwerlich wieder herausfinden, denn Biologie live macht süchtig. … Das Buch … gehört auf das Bücherregal jedes Lebenswissenschaftlers …“ BIOspektrum „Gleichgültig, was man gerade sucht: immer wird mehr geboten als erwartet … Beispiel-haft sind nicht nur die verständlichen, prägnanten Texte, sondern auch die großzügigen, durchwegs farbigen Illustrationen.“ Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
Molekularbiologie für Dummies (Für Dummies)
by Petra Neis-BeeckmannDas Leben begann klein, mit den Einzellern: Auf noch kleinerer Ebene arbeitet die Molekularbiologie. DNA, RNA und ihre Wechselwirkung mit Proteinen sind ihre Gebiete. Dieses Buch erklärt Ihnen den Aufbau von DNA, RNA, Proteinen und Enzymen, beschreibt die Einsatzgebiete von Viren, Bakterien und Vektoren. Sie erfahren zudem verständlich und fundiert, was Sie über die molekularbiologischen Standardmethoden, Elektrophorese, Polymerase-Kettenreaktion und Sequenz-Analyse wissen sollten. Ein Einblick in die tägliche Arbeit von Molekularbiologen und die Arbeit mit Genprodukten rundet das Buch ab.
Molekularbiologie: für Biologen, Biochemiker, Pharmazeuten und Mediziner (Verdammt clever!)
by Mike White Phil Turner Bärbel Häcker Andy Bates Alexander McLennanKompakt und »verdammt clever« auf den Punkt gebracht – vermittelt Molekularbiologie das unverzichtbare Grundwissen zu Struktur, Biosynthese und Funktion von DNA und RNA und erklärt, wie diese untereinander und mit Proteinen interagieren. Endlich ein maßgeschneidertes Kurzlehrbuch für Studenten, die auf der Suche nach einer knappen Einführung in dieses grundlegende Fachgebiet sind: • Ideal für Einsteiger! Beschränkt sich auf die wirklich wichtigen Themen der Molekularbiologie und fasst die wesentlichen Fakten und Begriffe für jedes Thema zusammen. • Einprägsam! Klare Abbildungen erleichtern das Lernen und Verstehen, Querverweise auf verwandte Kapitel zeigen Zusammenhänge auf und fördern so das Verständnis. • Ausgezeichnete Prüfungsvorbereitung! Ermöglicht strukturiertes Lernen und schnelles Wiederholen durch einzigartigen Kapitelaufbau – mit über 70 Fragen und Antworten.
Molekularbiologische Methoden in der Lebensmittelanalytik
by Ulrich BuschMolekularbiologische Verfahren werden seit Längerem in der Analytik von Lebensmitteln, Saatgut und Futtermitteln angewendet. Das Spektrum reicht vom Nachweis gentechnisch veränderter und allergener Inhaltsstoffe über die Tierartendifferenzierung in Fleischprodukten bis zur Bestimmung pathogener Keime. Das Buch vermittelt in äußerst praxisbezogener Weise die notwendigen molekularbiologischen Techniken und das nötige Hintergrundwissen. Einen Schwerpunkt bildet die Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR), einschließlich Realtime-PCR und Qualitätssicherung.
Molekulare Diagnostik
by Hanns-Georg Klein Frank Thiemann Paul M. CullenSpeziell für MTAs entwickelt, gibt das Buch nicht nur eine praxisnahe Einführung in die Diagnostik, sondern auch ist gleichzeitig eine hervorragende Einführung in die Molekularbiologie und Genetik. Das Buch nimmt somit einen zentralen Platz in der MTA Ausbildung ein.
Molekulare Populationsgenetik: Theoretische Konzepte und empirische Evidenz
by Wolfgang Stephan Anja C. HörgerDas Buch behandelt die genetische Vielfalt von Populationen von Organismen. Es erläutert, wie genetische Vielfalt gemessen wird und wie aus diesen Daten die Mechanismen untersucht werden können, die die Variabilität auf der Genomebene und damit die Mikroevolution einer Population beeinflussen. Ziel dieses Buches ist es, das Wirken der natürlichen Selektion im Genom zu verstehen und vom Einfluss neutraler Evolutionskräfte (wie genetischer Drift, Mutation und Rekombination) unterscheiden zu lernen. Dazu werden die grundlegenden theoretischen Konzepte der Populationsgenetik eingeführt und anhand von zahlreichen Beispielen aus allen Organismengruppen (Menschen, Tieren, Pflanzen und Mikroorganismen) veranschaulicht. Um das Verständnis der theoretischen Ableitungen von Hypothesen und der darauf basierenden Datenanalysen zu überprüfen und weiter zu vertiefen, schließt jedes Kapitel mit Übungsaufgaben und Lösungen ab.
Molekulare Virologie
by Hermann Schätzl Susanne Modrow Uwe TruyenDieses bewährte Standardwerk vermittelt einen ausgewogenen Überblick über die bekannten humanpathogenen und tierpathogenen Viren, wie beispielsweise Papilloma- und Influenzaviren und wurde ergänzt um die eher neu aufgetretenen Viren, insbesondere Zikavirus, das neuartigen Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 und das Schmallenberg-Virus, einem Bunyavirus, das Rinder, Schafe und Ziegen infiziert.Der erste Teil des Buches präsentiert die allgemeinen Prinzipien der Struktur, Vermehrung und Lebenszyklen von Viren und beschreibt die wichtigsten pathogenetischen und immunologischen Mechanismen viraler Erkrankungen. Auch die Diagnostik und Therapie sowie die Epidemiologie solcher Infektionen und das heutige Methodenrepertoire der Virologen werden hier vorgestellt.Der zweite, spezielle Teil führt systematisch durch die Vielfalt der human- und tierpathogenen Viren. Ausführlich dargestellt sind hier Morphologie, Genomorganisation, Proteinausstattung sowie Replikationsmechanismen der verschiedenen Virusfamilien. Für die jeweils wichtigsten Vertreter liefern die Autoren einen Überblick über die relevanten humanmedizinisch-klinischen beziehungsweise veterinärmedizinischen Aspekte. Auch seuchenrechtliche Fragen kommen hier zur Sprache.Das Lehrbuch dient seit vielen Jahren als bewährte Einführung in die molekular- und zellbiologischen Grundlagen der Virologie und ist unentbehrlich für Fachleute und Studierende. Die 4. Auflage wurde ergänzt mit den aktuellen Daten zu den jeweiligen Viren und bietet somit einen aktuellen Überblick zu den Replikationsstrategien und verbindet diese mit der Pathogenese der Erreger. Integriert wurden Virusspezies, die während der vergangenen Jahre neu aufgetreten sind und in vieler Hinsicht die öffentliche Diskussion beherrscht haben. Nicht zuletzt zählen hierzu die Infektionen des Menschen mit dem neuartigen Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, dem Zikavirus, den tier- wie humanpathogenen Bornaviren sowie dem Schmallenberg-Virus, dessen Infektion bei Wiederkäuern schwere Fetopathien verursacht. Mit seiner klaren Gliederung und verständlichen Darstellung weist dieses systematisch angelegte Lehr- und Nachschlagewerk• Studierenden und Lehrenden in Biowissenschaften, Human- und Veterinärmedizin• Virologen, forschungsorientierten Klinikern, Tierärzten und Seuchenmedizinern sowie• Fachleuten in Mikrobiologie, Hygiene und Diagnostikden Weg durch die Vielfalt der virologischen Forschungsergebnisse.
Moleküle aus dem All? (Erlebnis Wissenschaft)
by Katharina Al-ShamerySpannend wie ein Krimi: Big-Bang und Leben auf dem Mars Wie kam es dazu, dass sich unsere Erde allmählich aus dem Nebel des Sonnensystems zu formen begann und was ist dran an der Theorie, dass das Leben in Form von Sporen direkt aus dem All zu uns auf die Erde transportiert wurde? Unsere bisherige Evolutionsgeschichte liest sich schon spannend wie ein Krimi. Und hier verraten international renommierte Wissenschaftler auch ihre Zukunftsvisionen, wie z. B. Professor Jesco von Puttkamer (ISS und NASA), der ergründet, ob Leben auf dem Mars möglich ist. Wie nahrhaft war die Ursuppe? Ist das Leben aus einer üppigen und vor Nährstoffen strotzenden Ursuppe entstanden, warum ist es so schwer, den Molekülbaukasten der Erde zu erforschen und kennen Sie schon das älteste überlebende Urzeitrelikt? Hier bekommen Sie alle Antworten, die die Wissenschaft bislang erforscht hat, und machen sich mit Experten auf Spurensuche - unter anderem nach dem Stoff, aus dem die Gene sind. Wo sind sie alle? Auf der Suche nach außerirdischem Leben >>Die Erde als die einzige bevölkerte Welt im All anzusehen, ist ebenso absurd wie die Behauptung, auf einem mit Hirse gesäten Feld sprieße nur ein einziges Korn.>Nachbarn<<? Und wie können die Menschen mit ihnen Kontakt aufnehmen? Die Wissenschaft arbeitet mit Nachdruck daran - und erzählt in diesem Buch, wie weit sie bisher gekommen ist.
Molluscan Communities of the Florida Keys and Adjacent Areas: Their Ecology and Biodiversity
by Edward J. Petuch Robert F. MyersMolluscan Communities of the Florida Keys and Adjacent Areas: Their Ecology and Biodiversity is the first comprehensive overview of the ecology and biodiversity of the phylum Mollusca in the area of Florida extending from the Dry Tortugas and Ten Thousand Islands in the west to Palm Beach in the east. The book provides detailed analyses of mollusca
Molluscan Faunas of the Gulf of Mexico: Endemism in North America’s Inland Sea
by Edward J. Petuch David P. BerschauerRecent biodiversity studies, reported here for the first time, have shown that the molluscan fauna of the Gulf of Mexico is far richer and more complex than previously thought. As a result of these new discoveries, the Gulf malacofauna is shown to contain large numbers of endemic species that reside within four separate biogeographical subdivisions of the larger Carolinian Molluscan Province: the Floridian, Suwannean, Texan, and Yucatanean Subprovinces. These four Gulf biotic components, with each supporting its own endemic fauna, are shown here to be separated by distinct ecological and oceanographic barriers. The resultant physical and genetic isolation has led to the evolution of spectacular sibling species radiations, many unknown and undescribed until now. Some of the most conspicuous and important of these are found in the gastropod families Fasciolariidae, Volutidae, Conidae, Muricidae, and Busyconidae, all of which are dominant predators in their respective benthonic ecosystems. The species within these ecologically important families, along with hundreds of endemic taxa in 50 other gastropod and bivalve families, are illustrated here in Molluscan Faunas of the Gulf of Mexico: Endemism in North America’s Inland Sea on 132 color plates and are discussed in detail in the individual chapters. Special attention is given to the mollusks of poorly studied and virtually unknown ecosystems such as those on the deep reefs off the Florida Keys and Dry Tortugas, the deep water coralline algal beds off western Florida, the Flower Garden Reefs off Texas, the petroleum seeps and brine pools of the Sigsbee Escarpment, the Campeche Bank Archipelago, and the deep water areas at the mouth of the Yucatan Channel.This new book is unlike previous taxonomic surveys of the Gulf of Mexico mollusks in that it highlights only the endemic species and genera and does not cover the large number of widespread Carolinian and Caribbean taxa that occur with them. In this aspect, the book is designed to be an augmentation to previous faunal surveys, adding hundreds more taxa that had been missed in these older surveys or were described after those earlier works had been published. The emphasis on endemic species and species complexes is meant to underscore the special nature of the Gulf of Mexico malacofauna, setting it aside from all others in the Tropical Western Atlantic Region.
Molluscan Paleontology of the Chesapeake Miocene
by Edward J. Petuch Mardie DrolshagenThe Chesapeake Miocene will always be considered a paleontological treasure. Given the richness and accessibility of the Maryland and Virginia Miocene shell beds, it seems remarkable that very few people have ever described new species from these strata over the past 185 years. Until now. Integrating elements from paleontology, geology, environmental science, and ecology, Molluscan Paleontology of the Chesapeake Miocene assembles previous research and the authors’ experience into a synoptic field guide.The most complete compendium of Miocene species created since 1904, this long-awaited resource lists nearly 500 species. It contains illustrations of 260 species, including more than 60 not found in any previous book and 26 newly discovered. It describes Chesapeake molluscan faunas in terms of local geology, paleoceanography, and marine paleobiology. Organized by stratigraphic geology, the book covers fossils of the Eastover, St Mary’s, Choptank, and Calvert Formations. It illustrates 24 collecting sites and fossil exposures, showing details of in situ specimens, along with maps of 4 Miocene paleoseas and detailed stratigraphic columns for Maryland and northern Virginia. The text is accompanied by downloadable resources with color illustrations of the forty known species of ecphora shells. Armed with these, you should be able to identify the species found in the amazingly rich shell beds of the Chesapeake Bay area.
Molluscan Shellfish Safety
by Gilbert SauvéIn a time of rapid climatic, industrial and technological changes in molluscan shellfish producing and exporting regions, it is of the utmost importance to keep a keen eye on developing trends. This collection of recent research in molluscan shellfish safety, risk assessment, risk management, regulation and analytical methods presented at the 8th ICMSS (International Conference on Molluscan Shellfish Safety) offers valuable insights in the latest scientific findings.
Mollusk shells as bio-geo-archives
by Sandra Gordillo María Sol Bayer Gabriella Boretto Melisa CharóIn view of the wide range of disciplines involved in Quaternary research, this book offers a one-stop resource for the Quaternary research community, since it reviews the latest techniques and provides an approach to how mollusk shell remains are used in the reconstruction of marine environments in southern South America. Written by specialists in the field, this monograph sets the scene for multidisciplinary research involving taphonomy, paleoecology, paleobiography, morphometry, shell mineralogy analysis and sclerochronology performed on mollusk assemblages and/or selected taxa, and offers a consistent picture of spatial and temporal environmental and climatic changes.
Mollusks and Marine Environments of the Ten Thousand Islands
by Edward J. Petuch David P. BerschauerMollusks and Marine Environments of the Ten Thousand Islands provides the first comprehensive overview of the shells and habitats that are present in the last unexplored coastal area of southwestern Florida. The mysterious and primordial Ten Thousand Islands, where the rivers and marshlands of the Everglades empty into the Gulf of Mexico, house a number of remarkable marine ecosystems, many shown here in detail for the first time. Primary among these are unique worm shell “reef systems,” composed entirely of immense masses of vermetid gastropod mollusks. These previously unexplored and unstudied gastropod reefs, which are often many acres in size, are shown here to mimic coral reefs in their growth structure and represent the only large-scale molluscan reefs found anywhere on Earth. Living in association with the zonated gastropod reefs are a number of rare and unusual mollusks, some of which represent endemic species that are unique to the Ten Thousand Islands. These and many other southwestern Florida shells are illustrated throughout this book, along with detailed illustrations and descriptions of the marine and estuarine environments that dominate the archipelago and its adjacent lagoon systems.
Molt in Neotropical Birds: Life History and Aging Criteria (Studies in Avian Biology)
by Erik I. Johnson Jared D. WolfeMolt is an important avian life history event in which feathers are shed and replaced. The timing, duration, seasonality, extent and pattern of molt follows certain strategies and this book reviews and describes these strategies for nearly 190 species based on information gathered from a 30-year study of Central Amazonian birds. Most species accounts are illustrated with several color photos focusing on wing and tail feather molt, molt limits, and how to use these patterns to accurately age birds. Published in collaboration with and on behalf of the American Ornithological Society, this volume in the highly-regarded Studies in Avian Biology series is a rich source of life history information for ornithologists working on tropical birds.
Molten Salts Chemistry and Technology
by Marcelle Gaune-Escard Geir Martin HaarbergBoth high temperature molten salts and room temperature ionic liquids (collectively termed liquid salts) have unique properties, including good heat capacity, good electrical conductivity and, in some cases, chemical catalytic properties. They are critical for the efficient production and processing of many different materials, for example the electrolytic extraction and refining of aluminium and silicon, particularly important in the post fossil fuel era. Other industrial applications range from solvents and fuel cells to alloy heat treatments and pyroprocessing in nuclear fuel. With a focus on sustainable processes for the production and processing of materials, this book contains over 60 chapters and is organized into seven areas: Aluminium ElectrolysisNew Processes for ElectrowinningModeling and ThermodynamicsHigh Temperature Experimental TechniquesElectrochemistry in Ionic LiquidsNuclear EnergyEnergy TechnologyIntended to provide a solid understanding of the properties, experimental methods, theoretical methods and applications of these materials, Molten Salts: Chemistry and Technology is an unrivalled reference for chemists, engineers and materials scientists in academia, research and industry.
Molybdenum Cofactors and Their role in the Evolution of Metabolic Pathways
by Luana Presta Marco Fondi Giovanni Emiliani Renato FaniIn this brief, the authors explore and review the current knowledge regarding the role of molybdenum in the evolution of biological systems and their interaction with biogeochemical cycles. Special emphasis is placed on biological nitrogen fixation and the nitrogen element cycle. The origin and evolution of molybdenum cofactor biosynthetic pathways as well as the evolutionary significance of molybdenum containing enzymes appearance is analyzed. Original data regarding nitrogen fixation pathways and related enzymes molecular evolution processes is presented. The trace element molybdenum is essential for nearly all organisms and forms the catalytic center of a large variety of enzymes such as nitrogenase, nitrate reductases, sulphite oxidase and xanthine oxidoreductases.
Mom Genes: Inside the New Science of Our Ancient Maternal Instinct
by Abigail TuckerFrom the New York Times bestselling author of The Lion in the Living Room comes a fascinating and provocative exploration of the biology of motherhood that &“is witty, reassuring, and takes motherhood out of the footnotes and places it front and center—where it belongs&” (Louann Brizendine, MD, New York Times bestselling author). Everyone knows how babies are made, but scientists are only just beginning to understand the making of a mother. Mom Genes reveals the hard science behind our tenderest maternal impulses, tackling questions such as why mothers are destined to mimic their own moms (or not), how maternal aggression makes females the world&’s most formidable creatures, and how a crisis like the Covid-19 pandemic can make or break a mom. Weaving the latest research with Abigail Tucker&’s personal experiences, Mom Genes &“is an eye-opening tour through the biology and psychology of a role that is at once utterly ordinary and wondrously strange&” (Annie Murphy Paul, author of Origins).
Mom the Chemistry Professor
by Renée Cole Cecilia Marzabadi Gail Webster Kimberly WoznackWhen is the "right" time? How can I meet the demands of a professorship whilst caring for a young family? Choosing to become a mother has a profound effect on the career path of women holding academic positions, especially in the physical sciences. Yet many women successfully manage to do both. In this book 15 inspirational personal accounts describe the challenges and rewards of combining motherhood with an academic career in chemistry. The authors are all women at different stages of their career and from a range of colleges, in tenure and non-tenure track positions. Aimed at undergraduate and graduate students of chemistry, these contributions serve as examples for women considering a career in academia but worry about how this can be balanced with other important aspects of life. The authors describe how they overcame particular challenges, but also highlight aspects of the systems which could be improved to accommodate women academics and particularly encourage more women to take on academic positions in the sciences.
Mom the Chemistry Professor: Personal Accounts and Advice from Chemistry Professors who are Mothers
by Renée Cole Cecilia Marzabadi Gail Webster Kimberly Woznack Amber CharleboisWhen is the "right" time? How can I meet the demands of a professorship whilst caring for a young family? Choosing to become a mother has a profound effect on the career path of women holding academic positions, especially in the physical sciences. Yet many women successfully manage to do both. In this second edition, which is a project of the Women Chemists Committee (WCC) of the American Chemical Society (ACS), 40 inspirational personal accounts describe the challenges and rewards of combining motherhood with an academic career in chemistry. The authors are all women at different stages of their career and from a range of institution types, in both tenure and non-tenure track positions. The authors include women from different racial and ethnic backgrounds, who became mothers at different stages of their career, and who have a variety of family structures. Aimed at undergraduate and graduate students of chemistry, as well as postdoctoral fellows and early career faculty, these contributions serve as examples for women considering a career in academia but worry about how this can be balanced with other important aspects of life. The authors describe how they overcame particular challenges, but also highlight aspects of the system, which could be improved to accommodate women academics, and particularly encourage more women to take on academic positions in the sciences.
Moments of Truth in Genetic Medicine
by M. Susan LindeeGenetic research increasingly dominates medical thought and practice in the United States and in many other industrialized nations. Susan Lindee's original study explores the institutions, disciplines, and ideas that initiated the reconfiguration of genetic medicine from a marginal field in the mid-1950s to a core research frontier of biomedicine. Tracing the work of geneticists and other experts in identifying and classifying disease during the explosive period between 1950 and 1980, Lindee identifies the individual "moments of truth" that moved the field away from its eugenic past to the center of a new world view in which nearly all disease is understood to be fundamentally genetic. She suggests that these moments of truth were experienced not only by scientists but also by those who had familial, intimate, emotional knowledge of hereditary disease: patients, family members, and research subjects. Focusing on benchmarks in the field—such as the rise of neonatal testing in the 1960s, genetic studies of unique human populations such as the Amish, the development of human cytogenetics and human behavioral genetics, and the efforts to find genes for rare diseases such as familial dysautonomia—she tracks the emergence of a biomedical consensus that nearly all disease is genetic disease. Using the success of this field as a point of entry, Lindee chronicles both the production of knowledge in biomedicine and changes in the cultural meaning of the body in the late twentieth century. She suggests that scientific knowledge is a community project that is shaped directly by people in many different social and professional locations. The power to experience and report scientific truth may be much more dispersed than it sometimes appears, because people know things about their own bodies, and their knowledge has often been incorporated into the technical infrastructure of genomic medicine. Lindee's pathbreaking study shows the interdependence of technical and social parameters in contemporary biomedicine.