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Modeling Matter: The Chemistry of Food, Investigation Notebook
by The Lawrence Hall of ScienceNIMAC-sourced textbook
Modeling Methods for Marine Science
by David M. Glover William J. Jenkins Scott C. DoneyThis advanced textbook on modeling, data analysis and numerical techniques for marine science has been developed from a course taught by the authors for many years at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute. The first part covers statistics: singular value decomposition, error propagation, least squares regression, principal component analysis, time series analysis and objective interpolation. The second part deals with modeling techniques: finite differences, stability analysis and optimization. The third part describes case studies of actual ocean models of ever increasing dimensionality and complexity, starting with zero-dimensional models and finishing with three-dimensional general circulation models. Throughout the book the general principles and goals of scientific visualization are emphasized through technique and application. Ideal as a textbook for advanced students of oceanography on courses in data analysis and numerical modeling, the book is also an invaluable resource for a broad range of scientists undertaking modeling in chemical, biological, geological and physical oceanography.
Modeling Methods for Medical Systems Biology: Regulatory Dynamics Underlying the Emergence of Disease Processes (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1069)
by María Elena Álvarez-Buylla Roces Juan Carlos Martínez-García José Dávila-Velderrain Elisa Domínguez-Hüttinger Mariana Esther Martínez-SánchezThis book contributes to better understand how lifestyle modulations can effectively halt the emergence and progression of human diseases. The book will allow the reader to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms by which the environment interferes with the bio-molecular regulatory processes underlying the emergence and progression of complex diseases, such as cancer. Focusing on key and early cellular bio-molecular events giving rise to the emergence of degenerative chronic disease, it builds on previous experience on the development of multi-cellular organisms, to propose a mathematical and computer based framework that allows the reader to analyze the complex interplay between bio-molecular processes and the (micro)-environment from an integrative, mechanistic, quantitative and dynamical perspective. Taking the wealth of empirical evidence that exists it will show how to build and analyze models of core regulatory networks involved in the emergence and progression of chronic degenerative diseases, using a bottom-up approach.
Modeling Multiphase Materials Processes
by Manabu Iguchi Olusegun J. IlegbusiModeling Multiphase Materials Processes: Gas-Liquid Systems describes the methodology and application of physical and mathematical modeling to multi-phase flow phenomena in materials processing. The book focuses on systems involving gas-liquid interaction, the most prevalent in current metallurgical processes. The performance characteristics of these processes are largely dependent on transport phenomena. This volume covers the inherent characteristics that complicate the modeling of transport phenomena in such systems, including complex multiphase structure, intense turbulence, opacity of fluid, high temperature, coupled heat and mass transfer, chemical reactions in some cases, and poor wettability of the reactor walls. Also discussed are: solutions based on experimental and numerical modeling of bubbling jet systems, recent advances in the modeling of nanoscale multi-phase phenomena and multiphase flows in micro-scale and nano-scale channels and reactors. Modeling Multiphase Materials Processes: Gas-Liquid Systems will prove a valuable reference for researchers and engineers working in mathematical modeling and materials processing.
Modeling Nanoscale Imaging in Electron Microscopy
by Wolfgang Dahmen Thomas Vogt Peter BinevModeling Nanoscale Imaging in Electron Microscopy presents the recent advances that have been made using mathematical methods to resolve problems in microscopy. With improvements in hardware-based aberration software significantly expanding the nanoscale imaging capabilities of scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM), these mathematical models can replace some labor intensive procedures used to operate and maintain STEMs. This book, the first in its field since 1998, will also cover such relevant concepts as superresolution techniques, special denoising methods, application of mathematical/statistical learning theory, and compressed sensing.
Modeling Nonlinear Problems in the Mechanics of Strings and Rods: The Role of the Balance Laws (Interaction of Mechanics and Mathematics)
by Oliver M. O'ReillyThis book presents theories of deformable elastic strings and rods and their application to broad classes of problems. Readers will gain insights into the formulation and analysis of models for mechanical and biological systems. Emphasis is placed on how the balance laws interplay with constitutive relations to form a set of governing equations. For certain classes of problems, it is shown how a balance of material momentum can play a key role in forming the equations of motion. The first half of the book is devoted to the purely mechanical theory of a string and its applications. The second half of the book is devoted to rod theories, including Euler’s theory of the elastica, Kirchhoff ’s theory of an elastic rod, and a range of Cosserat rod theories. A variety of classic and recent applications of these rod theories are examined. Two supplemental chapters, the first on continuum mechanics of three-dimensional continua and the second on methods from variational calculus, are included to provide relevant background for students.This book is suited for graduate-level courses on the dynamics of nonlinearly elastic rods and strings.
Modeling of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors (Springer Tracts in Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
by D. Nirmal J. AjayanThis volume focuses on GaN HEMT, the most promising transistor technology for RF power applications such as 5G communications, space and defense. The contents include accurate small signal models required to predict the RF power performance of RF electronic circuits, large signal modeling of GaN HEMTs, accurate and compact physical models to assist the RF circuit designers to optimize GaN HEMT-based power amplifiers and integrated circuits, among others. The book also covers thermal resistance modeling of GaN HEMTs, charge-based compact models, and surface potential-based models to study the impact of gate leakage current on the RF power performance of GaN HEMTs. This book also deals with the analytical modeling of intrinsic charges and surface potential of GaN HEMTs, physical modeling of charge trapping, neural network-based GaN HEMT models, numerical-based GaN HEMT models, modeling of short channel effects in GaN HEMTs, modeling of parasitic capacitances and resistances, modelingof current collapse and kink effects in HGaN HEMTs, etc. This volume will be a useful to those in industry and academia.
Modeling of Atmospheric Chemistry
by Jacob Daniel J. Brasseur Guy P.Mathematical modeling of atmospheric composition is a formidable scientific and computational challenge. This comprehensive presentation of the modeling methods used in atmospheric chemistry focuses on both theory and practice, from the fundamental principles behind models, through to their applications in interpreting observations. An encyclopaedic coverage of methods used in atmospheric modeling, including their advantages and disadvantages, makes this a one-stop resource with a large scope. Particular emphasis is given to the mathematical formulation of chemical, radiative, and aerosol processes; advection and turbulent transport; emission and deposition processes; as well as major chapters on model evaluation and inverse modeling. The modeling of atmospheric chemistry is an intrinsically interdisciplinary endeavour, bringing together meteorology, radiative transfer, physical chemistry and biogeochemistry, making the book of value to a broad readership. Introductory chapters and a review of the relevant mathematics make this book instantly accessible to graduate students and researchers in the atmospheric sciences.
Modeling of Column Apparatus Processes
by Christo Boyadjiev Maria Doichinova Boyan Boyadjiev Petya Popova-KrumovaThis book presents a new approach for the modeling of chemical and interphase mass transfer processes in industrial column apparatuses, using convection-diffusion and average-concentration models. The convection-diffusion type models are used for a qualitative analysis of the processes and to assess the main, small and slight physical effects, and then reject the slight effects. As a result, the process mechanism can be identified. It also introduces average concentration models for quantitative analysis, which use the average values of the velocity and concentration over the cross-sectional area of the column. The new models are used to analyze different processes (simple and complex chemical reactions, absorption, adsorption and catalytic reactions), and make it possible to model the processes of gas purification with sulfur dioxide, which form the basis of several patents.
Modeling of Column Apparatus Processes (Heat And Mass Transfer Ser.)
by Christo Boyadjiev Maria Doichinova Boyan Boyadjiev Petya Popova-KrumovaThis new edition includes brand-new developments in the modeling of processes in the column apparatuses. It analyzes the radial velocity component and axial variation in the axial velocity in the column. These models are described in five new chapters. The book presents models of chemical and interphase mass transfer processes in industrial column apparatuses, using convection-diffusion and average-concentration models. It also introduces average concentration models for quantitative analysis, which use the average values of the velocity and concentration over the cross-sectional area of the column. The new models are used to analyze a broad range of processes (simple and complex chemical reactions, physical and chemical absorption, physical and chemical adsorption, catalytic reactions in the cases of physical and chemical adsorption mechanism), and make it possible to model sulfur dioxide gas purification processes.
Modeling of Combustion Systems: A Practical Approach
by Joseph ColanninoIncreasing competitive pressure for improved quality and efficiency on one hand and tightening emissions and operating requirements on the other leave the modern process engineer squeezed in the middle. While effective modeling can help balance these demands, the current literature offers overly theoretical treatments on modeling that do not transl
Modeling of Combustion Systems: A Practical Approach
by Joseph ColanninoModeling of Combustion Systems provides accessible instruction for the operator or engineer to model combustion responses such as NOx, CO, flame dimensions, or heat flux as a function of input factors, such as excess oxygen, firing rate, furnace temperature, and fuel type.Retaining the emphasis on practical semiempirical modeling of boilers, process heaters, and reactors, such as ethylene cracking units and ammonia and hydrogen reformers, the second edition expands the approach to include combustion air fans and representation of complex models (direct numerical simulations or computational fluid dynamics) in concise forms. It also shows how to design experiments to collect the most data with the fewest experiments and model real unit behavior with engineering accuracy.This book is intended for technicians, operators, and engineers working with fired equipment such as boilers, reactors, and process heaters.It includes 65 fully worked examples in MS Excel with detailed instructions. All example spreadsheets are available for download from the publisher’s website
Modeling of Discrete and Continuous Systems: Ordinary, Partial and Fractional Derivatives (Forum for Interdisciplinary Mathematics)
by Mohamed Kharrat Nouressadat Touafek Moez KrichenThis book contains a comprehensive collection of chapters on recent and original research, along with review articles, on mathematical modeling of dynamical systems described by various types of differential equations. Structured into 18 chapters dedicated to exploring different aspects of differential equations and their applications in modeling both discrete and continuous systems, it highlights theoretical advancements in mathematics and their practical applications in modeling dynamic systems. Readers will find contributions by renowned scholars who delve into the intricacies of nonlinear dynamics, stochastic processes, and partial differential equations. This book is an essential resource for researchers, academicians, and practitioners in the field of mathematical modeling.
Modeling of Dynamic Systems with Engineering Applications
by Clarence W. de SilvaMODELING OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS takes a unique, up-to-date approach to systems dynamics and related controls coverage for undergraduate students and practicing engineers. It focuses on the model development of engineering problems rather than response analysis and simulation once a model is available, though these are also covered. Linear graphing and bond graph approaches are both discussed, and computational tools are integrated thoughout. Electrical, mechanical, fluid, and thermal domains are covered, as are problems of multiple domains (mixed systems); the unified and integrated approaches taken are rapidly becoming the standard in the modeling of mechatronic engineering systems.
Modeling of Gas-to-Particle Mass Transfer in Turbulent Flows
by Sean C. Garrick Michael BühlmannThis Brief focuses on the dispersion of high-porosity particles, their entrainment into the vapor-laden stream, and the condensation of vapor onto the particles. The authors begin with a simple/static problem, focusing on transport within the particle. They go on to consider the high-resolution simulation of particles in a turbulent flow and the time-dependent evolution of the fluid-particle fields. Finally, they examine the more computationally-affordable large-eddy simulation of gas-to-particle mass-transfer. The book ends with a summary and challenges as well as directions for the area.
Modeling of Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport in the Mekong Delta (IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series)
by Vo Quoc ThanhThis research aims to investigate the prevailing sediment dynamics and the sediment budget in the Mekong Delta by using a process-based model. Understanding sediment dynamics for the Mekong Delta requires high resolution analysis and detailed data, which is a challenge for managers and scientists. This study introduces such an approach and focuses on modeling the entire system with a process-based approach with Delft3D-4 and Delft3D Flexible Mesh (DFM). The first model is used to explore sediment dynamics at the coastal zone. The latter model allows straightforward coupling of 1D and 2D grids, making it suitable for analyzing the complex river and canal network of the Mekong Delta. The validated model suggests that the Mekong Delta receives ~99 Mt/year sediment from the Mekong River. This is much lower than the common estimate of 160 Mt/year. Only about 23% of the modelled total sediment load at Kratie is exported to the sea. The remaining portion is trapped in the rivers and floodplains of the Mekong Delta. The results advance understanding of sediment dynamics and sediment budget in the Mekong Delta. As such the model is an efficient tool to support delta management and planning.
Modeling of Liquid Phases
by Michel SoustelleThis book is part of a set of books which offers advanced students successive characterization tool phases, the study of all types of phase (liquid, gas and solid, pure or multi-component), process engineering, chemical and electrochemical equilibria, and the properties of surfaces and phases of small sizes. Macroscopic and microscopic models are in turn covered with a constant correlation between the two scales. Particular attention has been given to the rigor of mathematical developments. This second volume in the set is devoted to the study of liquid phases.
Modeling of Living Systems: From Cell to Ecosystem
by Alain PavéModeling is now one of the most efficient methodologies in life sciences. From practice to theory, this book develops this approach illustrated by many examples; general concepts and the current state of the art are also presented and discussed. An historical and general introduction informs the reader how mathematics and formal tools are used to solve biological problems at all levels of the organization of life. The core of this book explains how this is done, based on practical examples coming, for the most part, from the author’s personal experience. In most cases, data are included so that the reader can follow the reasoning process and even reproduce calculus. The final chapter is devoted to essential concepts and current developments. The main mathematical tools are presented in an appendix to the book and are written in an adapted language readable by scientists, professionals or students, with a basic knowledge of mathematics.
Modeling of Magnetic Particle Suspensions for Simulations
by Akira SatohThe main objective of the book is to highlight the modeling of magnetic particles with different shapes and magnetic properties, to provide graduate students and young researchers information on the theoretical aspects and actual techniques for the treatment of magnetic particles in particle-based simulations. In simulation, we focus on the Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics, Brownian dynamics, lattice Boltzmann and stochastic rotation dynamics (multi-particle collision dynamics) methods. The latter two simulation methods can simulate both the particle motion and the ambient flow field simultaneously. In general, specialized knowledge can only be obtained in an effective manner under the supervision of an expert. The present book is written to play such a role for readers who wish to develop the skill of modeling magnetic particles and develop a computer simulation program using their own ability. This book is therefore a self-learning book for graduate students and young researchers. Armed with this knowledge, readers are expected to be able to sufficiently enhance their skill for tackling any challenging problems they may encounter in future.
Modeling of Molecular Properties
by Peter CombaMolecular modeling encompasses applied theoretical approaches and computational techniques to model structures and properties of molecular compounds and materials in order to predict and / or interpret their properties. The modeling covered in this book ranges from methods for small chemical to large biological molecules and materials. With its comprehensive coverage of important research fields in molecular and materials science, this is a must-have for all organic, inorganic and biochemists as well as materials scientists interested in applied theoretical and computational chemistry. The 28 chapters, written by an international group of experienced theoretically oriented chemists, are grouped into four parts: Theory and Concepts; Applications in Homogeneous Catalysis; Applications in Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry; and Applications in Main Group, Organic and Organometallic Chemistry. The various chapters include concept papers, tutorials, and research reports.
Modeling of Photovoltaic Systems Using MATLAB: Simplified Green Codes
by Wilfried Elmenreich Tamer KhatibProvides simplified MATLAB codes for analysis of photovoltaic systems, describes the model of the whole photovoltaic power system, and shows readers how to build these models line by line. This book presents simplified coded models for photovoltaic (PV) based systems using MATLAB to help readers understand the dynamic behavior of these systems. Through the use of MATLAB, the reader has the ability to modify system configuration, parameters and optimization criteria. Topics covered include energy sources, storage, and power electronic devices. This book contains six chapters that cover systems' components from the solar source to the end-user. Chapter 1 discusses modelling of the solar source, and Chapter 2 discusses modelling of the photovoltaic source. Chapter 3 focuses on modeling of PV systems' power electronic features and auxiliary power sources. Modeling of PV systems' energy flow is examined in Chapter 4, while Chapter 5 discusses PV systems in electrical power systems. Chapter 6 presents an application of PV system models in systems' size optimization. Common control methodologies applied to these systems are also modeled. * Covers the basic models of the whole photovoltaic power system, enabling the reader modify the models to provide different sizing and control methodologies * Examines auxiliary components to photovoltaic systems, including wind turbines, diesel generators, and pumps * Contains examples, drills and codes Modeling of Photovoltaic Systems Using MATLAB: Simplified Green Codes is a reference forresearchers, students, and engineers who work in the field of renewable energy, and specifically in photovoltaic systems. Tamer Khatib is an assistant professor in the Energy Engineering and Environment Department at An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. He received his Ph.D. from National University of Malaysia, Malaysia. Khatib is a Senior Member of IEEE, a member of IEEE Power and Energy Society, and a member of The International Solar Energy Society. Wilfried Elmenreich is a professor of Smart Grids at the Alpen-Adria-Universität in Klagenfurt, Austria. He received his Ph.D. from Vienna University of Technology, Austria. His research projects also affiliate him with the Lakeside Labs research cluster in Klagenfurt. Elmenreich is a Senior Member of IEEE and counselor of Klagenfurt's IEEE student branch.
Modeling of Physical Systems: Simulation and Control
by Raul G. Longoria Joseph J. BeamanIntroductory text on nonlinear and continuous-time dynamic systems using bond graph methodology to enable readers to develop and apply physical system models Through an integrated and uniform approach to system modeling, analysis, and control, Modeling of Physical Systems uses realistic examples to link empirical, analytical, and numerical approaches and provide readers with the essential foundation needed to move towards more advanced topics in systems engineering. Rather than use only a linear modeling methodology, this book also incorporates nonlinear modeling approaches. The authors approach the topic using bond graph methodology, a well-known and highly effective method for the modeling and analysis of multi-energy domain systems at the physical level. With a strong focus on fundamentals, this book begins by reviewing core topics which engineering students will have been exposed to in their first two years of study. It then expands into introducing systematic model development using a bond graph approach. Later chapters expand on the fundamental understanding of systems, with insights regarding how to make decisions on what to model and how much complexity is needed for a particular problem. Written by two professors with nearly a century of combined research and industry experience, Modeling of Physical Systems explores topics including: Basic Kirchoff systems, covering mechanical translation and rotation, electrical, hydraulic, and thermal systems, and ideal couplersA complete introduction to bond graph methods and their application to practical engineering system modelingComputer-based analysis and simulation, covering algebraic analysis of system equation and semi-analytical analysis for linear system responseMultiport fields, distributed systems and transmission elements, covering heat and magnetism power lines and wave propagation modeling with W- and H-LinesSignal and power in measurement and control, covering derivative control and effect of feedback Modeling of Physical Systems is an essential learning resource for mechanical, mechatronics, and aerospace engineering students at the graduate and senior graduate level. The text is also valuable for professional engineers and researchers, controls engineers, and computer scientists seeking an understanding of engineering system modeling.
Modeling of Physiological Flows
by Alfio Quarteroni Davide Ambrosi Gianluigi RozzaThis book offers a mathematical update of the state of the art of the research in the field of mathematical and numerical models of the circulatory system. It is structured into different chapters, written by outstanding experts in the field. Many fundamental issues are considered, such as: the mathematical representation of vascular geometries extracted from medical images, modelling blood rheology and the complex multilayer structure of the vascular tissue, and its possible pathologies, the mechanical and chemical interaction between blood and vascular walls, and the different scales coupling local and systemic dynamics. All of these topics introduce challenging mathematical and numerical problems, demanding for advanced analysis and efficient simulation techniques, and pay constant attention to applications of relevant clinical interest. This book is addressed to graduate students and researchers in the field of bioengineering, applied mathematics and medicine, wishing to engage themselves in the fascinating task of modeling the cardiovascular system or, more broadly, physiological flows.
Modeling of Processes and Reactors for Upgrading of Heavy Petroleum (ISSN)
by Jorge AncheytaThe worldwide petroleum industry is facing a dilemma: the production level of heavy petroleum is higher than that of light petroleum. Heavy crude oils possess high amounts of impurities (sulfur, nitrogen, metals, and asphaltenes), as well as a high yield of residue with consequent low production of valuable distillates (gasoline and diesel). These
Modeling of Thermo-Electro-Mechanical Manufacturing Processes
by L. M. Alves N. Bay C. V. Nielsen Niels Bay W. ZhangModeling of Thermo-Electro-Mechanical Manufacturing Processes with Applications in Metal Forming and Resistance Welding provides readers with a basic understanding of the fundamental ingredients in plasticity, heat transfer and electricity that are necessary to develop and proper utilize computer programs based on the finite element flow formulation. Computer implementation of a wide range of theoretical and numerical subjects related to mesh generation, contact algorithms, elasticity, anisotropic constitutive equations, solution procedures and parallelization of equation solvers is comprehensively described. Illustrated and enriched with selected examples obtained from industrial applications, Modeling of Thermo-Electro-Mechanical Manufacturing Processes with Applications in Metal Forming and Resistance Welding works to diminish the gap between the developers of finite element computer programs and the professional engineers with expertise in industrial joining technologies by metal forming and resistance welding.