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OFDM for Underwater Acoustic Communications
by Sheng Zhou Zhaohui WangA blend of introductory material and advanced signal processing and communication techniques, of critical importance to underwater system and network development This book, which is the first to describe the processing techniques central to underwater OFDM, is arranged into four distinct sections: First, it describes the characteristics of underwater acoustic channels, and stresses the difference from wireless radio channels. Then it goes over the basics of OFDM and channel coding. The second part starts with an overview of the OFDM receiver, and develops various modules for the receiver design in systems with single or multiple transmitters. This is the main body of the book. Extensive experimental data sets are used to verify the receiver performance. In the third part, the authors discuss applications of the OFDM receiver in i) deep water channels, which may contain very long separated multipath clusters, ii) interference-rich environments, where an unintentional interference such as Sonar will be present, and iii) a network with multiple users where both non-cooperative and cooperative underwater communications are developed. Lastly, it describes the development of a positioning system with OFDM waveforms, and the progress on the OFDM modem development. Closely related industries include the development and manufacturing of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and scientific sensory equipment. AUVs and sensors in the future could integrate modems, based on the OFDM technology described in this book. Contents includes: Underwater acoustic channel characteristics/OFDM basics/Peak-to-average-ratio control/Detection and Doppler estimation (Doppler scale and CFO)/Channel estimation and noise estimation/A block-by-block progressive receiver and performance results/Extensions to multi-input multi-output OFDM/Receiver designs for multiple users/Cooperative underwater OFDM (Physical layer network coding and dynamic coded cooperation)/Localization with OFDM waveforms/Modem developments A valuable resource for Graduate and postgraduate students on electrical engineering or physics courses; electrical engineers, underwater acousticians, communications engineers
Off-Diagonal Bethe Ansatz for Exactly Solvable Models
by Yupeng Wang Wen-Li Yang Junpeng Cao Kangjie ShiThis book serves as an introduction of the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz method, an analytic theory for the eigenvalue problem of quantum integrable models. It also presents some fundamental knowledge about quantum integrability and the algebraic Bethe Ansatz method. Based on the intrinsic properties of R-matrix and K-matrices, the book introduces a systematic method to construct operator identities of transfer matrix. These identities allow one to establish the inhomogeneous T-Q relation formalism to obtain Bethe Ansatz equations and to retrieve corresponding eigenstates. Several longstanding models can thus be solved via this method since the lack of obvious reference states is made up. Both the exact results and the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz method itself may have important applications in the fields of quantum field theory, low-dimensional condensed matter physics, statistical physics and cold atom systems.
Off-Earth: Ethical Questions and Quandaries for Living in Outer Space
by Erika NesvoldCan we do better in space than we&’ve done here on Earth?We&’ve pinpointed the destination, refined the technology, designed the habitat, outfitted our space residents. Are we forgetting something? A timely reminder that it&’s not just rocket science, this thought-provoking book explores the all-too-human issues raised by the prospect of settling in outer space. It&’s worth remembering, Erika Nesvold suggests, that in making new worlds, we don&’t necessarily leave our earthly problems behind. Accordingly, her work highlights the complex ethical challenges that accompany any other-worldly venture—questions about the environment, labor rights, and medical ethics, among others. Any such venture, Nesvold contends, must be made on behalf of all humanity, with global input and collaboration. Off-Earth thus includes historical and contemporary examples from outside the dominant Western/US, abled, and privileged narrative of the space industry. Nesvold calls on experts in ethics, sociology, history, social justice, and law to launch a hopeful conversation about the potential ethical pitfalls of becoming a multi-planet species—and, ideally, to shed light on similar problems we presently face here on Earth. Space settlement is rapidly becoming ever more likely. Will it look like the utopian vision of Star Trek? Or the dark future of Star Wars? Nesvold challenges us to decide.
Off-Grid Electrical Systems in Developing Countries
by Henry LouieThis book provides students and practicing engineers with a comprehensive guide to off-grid electrification: from microgrids and energy kiosks to solar home systems and solar lanterns. As the off-grid electrification industry grows, universities are starting and expanding courses and programs in humanitarian engineering and appropriate technology. However, there is no textbook that serves this growing market. This book fills that gap by providing a technical foundation of off-grid electrical systems, putting into context the technical aspects for developing countries, and discussing best practices by utilizing real-world data. Chapters expertly integrate the technical aspects of off-grid systems with lessons learned from industry-practitioners taking a pragmatic, data-driven perspective. A variety of off-grid systems and technologies are discussed, including solar, wind, hydro, generator sets, biomass systems, battery storage and converters. Realistic examples, case studies and practical considerations from actual systems highlight the interaction of off-grid systems with the economic, environmental, social and broader development aspects of rural electrification. Whole chapters are dedicated to the operation and control of mini-grids, load and resource estimation, and design of off-grid systems. Special topics focused on electricity access in developing countries are included, such as energy use in rural communities, technical and economic considerations of grid extension, electricity theft, metering, and best practices devoted to common problems. Each chapter is instructor friendly and contains illustrative examples and problems that reinforce key concepts. Complex, open-ended design problems throughout the book challenge the reader to think critically and deeply. The book is appropriate for use in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses related to electrical and energy engineering, humanitarian engineering, and appropriate technology.Provides a technical foundation of off-grid electrical systems;Contextualizes the technical aspects for developing countries;Captures the current and state-of-the art in this rapidly developing field.
Off-Grid Water Supply: Should It Be Mainstreamed? (SpringerBriefs on Case Studies of Sustainable Development)
by Pawan K. Sachdeva Asit K. Biswas Cecilia Tortajada Ojasvee Arora Eva Leneveu Rehan Adamjee Anuj SharmaThis book highlights unique and deeper insights into the operations of off-grid water supply business models and the policy implications that they raise. The two key research questions of the report are as follows: 1) What is the efficacy and sustainability of the off-grid model of safe water availability and/or delivery to consumers who don’t have piped water supply? 2) What are the key policy considerations for planning a successful off-grid model of safe water delivery? Through the Four-Domain Framework, this book does the gap analysis of the physical, operational, financial, and institutional domains of the few off-grid water operators in cross-country case studies. It also includes a detailed financial analysis of the capital costs as well as operations and maintenance costs of the different off-grid water supply models compared to some of the piped water supply models. The final discusses the need to acknowledge off-grid water solutions in urban water policies, especially for the economically weaker sections. The universal coverage of all by the piped water is an ultimate goal of any water policy; however, in the interim, there is a need to put more emphasis on off-grid water solutions.
Off-label Prescribing: Justifying Unapproved Medicine
by David CavallaToday’s medicines are regulated for their efficacy and safety and, once approved, they can be marketed for certain uses as justified by the data. Regulatory bodies in developed countries are constituted by legal statute and operate as parts of government, ostensibly in the interests of the people as patients. But once approved, medicines can be used for any purpose the prescriber thinks fit and appropriate for the patient. One in five prescriptions is therefore written outside regulatory purview. Off-label Prescribing looks into the corners of our medicated lives, where drug regulation runs up against medical practice, and concerns the use of a drug that has been approved for one use (in medical parlance, ‘indication’) being used for a different indication; alternatively, being used on a different set of patients from the ones it is approved for, or at a different dose. Usually the patient is unaware of what is going on, having not been informed by their doctor of this aspect of his or her prescribing choice. The book examines how and why this occurs, what the various medical professions have to say about it, and how pharmaceutical companies benefit by moving into this poorly regulated area. Off-label Prescribing pulls these complex issues together in one volume, to highlight current practice, its advantages and weaknesses and how the author suggests practice should evolve in the future. It will therefore be of interest to all those who prescribe (and receive) medicines, combined with a greater objective to provide more transparency and discussion for professionals.
Off The Planet
by Jerry M. LinengerOn January 12, 1997, Jerry Linenger took off aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis, en route to an historic 132-day rendezvous with the Russian Space Station Mir. Not since Apollo 13 has an American astronaut Jerry Linenger tells how he became an astronaut and then a cosmonaut. While sharing his own life adventures, he also lets us glimpse what it is like to participate in both the American and Russian space programs. Fast paced; filled with real adventure. faced so many catastrophic malfunctions and life-threatening emergencies in one missionand lived to tell about it.
Off-Site Enhanced Biogas Production with Concomitant Pathogen Removal from Faecal Matter (IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series)
by Joy Nyawira RiunguGlobally, 2.7 billion people are using onsite sanitation systems, particularly in low income, high density settlements (LIHDS) in urban areas of developing countries. However, treatment technologies to manage the faecal sludge (FS) generated from these systems are often not in place, leading to high risks for environmental and public health. The development of replicable and effective technologies for FS treatment is key in addressing this challenge. This research focused on development of an innovative FS stabilisation technology and addressed key constraints in anaerobic FS treatment: inadequate pathogen inactivation and limitations in biochemical energy recovery. The developed two-stage reactor system consists of an acidogenic reactor fed with mixtures of FS and market waste to facilitate pathogen inactivation, and a subsequent methanogenic plug-flow reactor for enhanced methane production. Due to its potential for application as an off-site FS treatment technology at any scale, receiving any type of faecal matter, collected from different types of sanitary systems, the system provides an option for FS stabilisation for LIHDS. Additionally, the research evaluated the limitations of sanitation provision in LIHDS, and proposes methods for creating an enabling environment for full-scale implementation of onsite systems. The presented results contribute to designing appropriate sanitation interventions in LIHDS.
Off the Wall (From the Files of Madison Finn #15)
by Laura DowerWhen Madison's friends become the victims of online gossip, Maddie must find the culprit--before she's blamed for telling secretsMadison seems to be out of the loop these days. News travels so fast around school and online, and Madison is the last to know anything. A new online bulletin board called The Wall has captured the attention of Maddie and her friends. On The Wall, anonymous postings about people keep popping up--and they can be pretty mean. When secrets told in confidence appear on the site under a fake screen name that looks like Madison's, she finds herself in the hot seat. Who could be so deceptive and hurtful? Maddie is determined to find the culprit and give her a taste of her own medicine.
Offbeat Physics: Machines, Meditations and Misconceptions
by P. I. C. TeixeiraOffbeat Physics: Machines, Meditations and Misconceptions is a collection of articles on various topics in classical physics that have intrigued the author and their students throughout the years. The book is divided into three parts. Part I -- Machines, comprises chapters that explain or model the workings of a number of machines (understood in a broad sense) on the basis of physical principles. These machines can be as simple as a rolling wheel or as complex as a jet engine. Then in Part II -- Meditations, the authors go beyond the standard examples, experiments and approximations discussed ad nauseam in most physics textbooks, but which are not always very exciting or realistic. For example, what happens when colliding bodies are not perfectly rigid -- as we know real bodies are not? Finally, Part III -- Misconceptions aims to correct misconceptions that students may have about physical phenomena or clarify issues that are often presented misleadingly, confusingly or imprecisely in textbooks, such as the relationship between angular momentum and angular velocity in rotational motion. This is a book for all those who wish to learn physics beyond the textbooks and from more realistic problems, often occurring in engineering contexts. It will be useful to instructors at all levels, as well as highly motivated students taking General Physics courses in higher education.
Offenders, Deviants or Patients?: An introduction to clinical criminology
by Herschel PrinsOffenders, Deviants or Patients? provides a practical approach to understanding both the social context and treatment of mentally disordered offenders. Taking into account the current public concern, often heightened by media sensationalism; it addresses issues such as sex and ‘historic sex offending, ‘hate’ crime, homicide and other acts of serious bodily harm. This fifth edition is fully updated and incorporates the latest research and reflects recent changes in law, policy and practice, including: DSM-V criteria groundbreaking work on neuro-physiological aspects of psychopathy the Coroners and Justice Act Using new case examples, Herschel Prins draws on his own expertise and experience to examine the relationship between mental disorders and crime and looks at the ways in which it should be dealt with by the mental health care and criminal justice systems. Offenders, Deviants or Patients? is unique in its multidisciplinary approach and will be invaluable to all those who come into contact with serious offenders or those who study crime and criminal behaviour.
Offene Hernienchirurgie
by Ulrich A. Dietz Guido Beldi René H. Fortelny Armin WiegeringDie Techniken und Indikationen der offenen Hernienchirurgie werden systematisch und anschaulich von Experten aus dem ganzen deutschsprachigen Raum beschrieben und durch eigens erstellte farbige Zeichnungen illustriert. Die Darstellung wendet sich an junge Fachärzte und Weiterbildungsassistenten, die sich mit den Therapiemöglichkeiten und den zahlreichen bewährten Operationsverfahren vertraut machen wollen, aber auch an erfahrene Hernienchirurgen, die ihr Wissen weiter vertiefen wollen. Nach einer Übersicht über Diagnostik und Therapiewahl werden für die verschiedenen Hernienformen die einzelnen Verfahren dargestellt, ergänzt durch Kommentare und Empfehlungen der Herausgeber. Im Anschluss wird zu den meistdiskutierten Themen im Bereich der offenen Hernienchirurgie der Wissensstand in kompakten Beiträgen zusammengefasst; ein Überblick über die offene Hernienversorgung in anderen Ländern schließt das Buch ab.
Offene Quantensysteme
by Anton Amann Ulrich Müller-HeroldDas Buch vermittelt die Grundlagen der Spektroskopie und erarbeitet die erforderlichen theoretischen Hilfsmittel: Thermostatik, statistische Mechanik, Dichteoperatoren, Dynamik offener Quantensysteme, lineare Antworttheorie. In den Anwendungen finden sich u. a. die Blochschen Gleichungen und die Einsteinschen Übergangswahrscheinlichkeiten. Die Herausgeber stützen sich auf Vorlesungen von Hans Primas, Ergebnis einer jahrzehntelangen kritischen Auseinandersetzung mit den theoretischen Grundlagen. Sie waren bestrebt, den unverwechselbaren Originalton möglichst beizubehalten.
Offense, Defense, and War
by Michael E. Brown Owen R. Coté Sean M. Lynn-Jones Steven E. MillerOffense-defense theory argues that the relative ease of offense and defense varies in international politics. When the offense has the advantage, military conquest becomes easier and war is more likely; the opposite is true when the defense has the advantage. The balance between offense and defense depends on geography, technology, and other factors. This theory, and the body of related theories, has generated much debate and research over the past twenty-five years. This book presents a comprehensive overview of offense-defense theory. It includes contending views on the theory and some of the most recent attempts to refine and test it.
Office Building Safety and Health
by Charles D. ReeseMost workers spend the majority of their day in an office building environment. Protecting office workers from safety, health, and security risks is a key task of many safety and health professionals, particularly those responsible for the management of very large office complexes and high rise buildings. This book provides a comprehensive look at
Officer Spence Makes No Sense! (My Weird School Daze #5)
by Dan GutmanThe weirdness never stops! <p><p> The security guard at Ella Mentry School has gone off the deep end! Somebody is stealing peanut butter and jelly sandwiches from the vomitorium, and Officer Spence is on the case. He's arresting everybody in sight! Somebody is going to go to jail! Who is it? You'll have to read the book to find out.
The Official ACT Prep Guide
by Jossey-Bass StaffEverything you need to know about the 2016-2017 ACT test, with real full-length practice tests from the makers of the ACT! The Official ACT Prep Guide 2016-2017 is the bestselling resource for students gearing up for the ACT test. This comprehensive guide walks you through the entire test experience, from registration through results, with expert advice straight from the test's creators. You'll find effective test-taking strategies, tips for boosting your score on the English, math, reading, and science tests, and detailed information on the enhanced optional writing test. Three new full-length practice tests help you assess your readiness so you can spot weak areas well in advance, and the ACT experts provide valuable advice on preparing both mentally and physically so you can manage anxiety and be fully confident on test day. You also get free online bonus content to help you start college on the right foot, including tips for preparing an application that gets noticed, getting into your first-choice school, being a successful student, and much more. The 2016-2017 version of the ACT guide includes a number of changes, including reading test sections with two shorter prose passages and the enhanced writing test's prompts. This guide provides a preview of what to expect for the entire exam, so you can go into the test feeling fully prepared and ready to excel.
The Official Dopamine Nation Workbook: A Practical Guide to Overcoming Addiction in the Age of Indulgence
by Dr Anna LembkeA practical companion to the international bestseller Dopamine Nation, for individuals, families, counsellors, teachers, and anyone who wants to go beyond the narrative and engage in practices that will reset reward pathways for a more flourishing life.In Dopamine Nation, Dr. Lembke introduced readers to her ground-breaking research that demonstrates how abundance itself is a stressor, contributing to rising rates of addiction, depression, and anxiety. Now, she's written the workbook that we've all been waiting for. Full of specific exercises, fill-in tables, and inspiring examples, readers will be able to more clearly identify the substances and behaviors they struggle to moderate. With the warm, authoritative voice we know and love, Dr. Lembke will share her valuable advice on how to undertake your own dopamine fast, reset your own pathways, and live a happier and more fulfilling life.Praise for Dopamine Nation:'Anna Lembke's stories of guiding people to find a healthy balance between pleasure and pain have the power to transform your life' - Lori Gottlieb, bestselling author of Maybe You Should Talk to Someone'Brilliant . . . riveting, scary, cogent, and cleverly argued. Lembke weaves patient stories with research, in a voice that's as empathetic as it is clear-eyed' - Beth Macy, bestselling author of Dopesick'Radically changes the way we think about mental illness, pleasure, pain, reward, and stress. Turn toward it. You'll be happy you did' - Daniel Levitin, bestselling author of The Organized Mind
The Official Dopamine Nation Workbook: A Practical Guide to Overcoming Addiction in the Age of Indulgence
by Dr Anna LembkeA practical companion to the international bestseller Dopamine Nation, for individuals, families, counsellors, teachers, and anyone who wants to go beyond the narrative and engage in practices that will reset reward pathways for a more flourishing life.In Dopamine Nation, Dr. Lembke introduced readers to her ground-breaking research that demonstrates how abundance itself is a stressor, contributing to rising rates of addiction, depression, and anxiety. Now, she's written the workbook that we've all been waiting for. Full of specific exercises, fill-in tables, and inspiring examples, readers will be able to more clearly identify the substances and behaviors they struggle to moderate. With the warm, authoritative voice we know and love, Dr. Lembke will share her valuable advice on how to undertake your own dopamine fast, reset your own pathways, and live a happier and more fulfilling life.Praise for Dopamine Nation:'Anna Lembke's stories of guiding people to find a healthy balance between pleasure and pain have the power to transform your life' - Lori Gottlieb, bestselling author of Maybe You Should Talk to Someone'Brilliant . . . riveting, scary, cogent, and cleverly argued. Lembke weaves patient stories with research, in a voice that's as empathetic as it is clear-eyed' - Beth Macy, bestselling author of Dopesick'Radically changes the way we think about mental illness, pleasure, pain, reward, and stress. Turn toward it. You'll be happy you did' - Daniel Levitin, bestselling author of The Organized Mind
The Official SAT Study Guide (2018 Edition)
by The College BoardReview every skill and question type needed for SAT success - now with eight total practice tests. The 2018 edition of The Official SAT Study Guide doubles the number of official SAT#65533; practice tests to eight - all of them created by the test maker. As part of the College Board's commitment to transparency, all practice tests are available on the College Board's website, but The Official SAT Study Guide is the only place to find them in print along with over 250 pages of additional instruction, guidance, and test information. With updated guidance and practice problems that reflect the most recent information, this new edition takes the best-selling SAT guide and makes it even more relevant and useful. Be ready for the SAT with strategies and up-to-date information straight from the exam writers. The Official SAT Study Guide will help students get ready for the SAT with: * 8 official SAT practice tests, written in the exact same process and by the same team of authors as the actual exam * detailed descriptions of the math and evidenced based reading and writing sections * targeted practice questions for each SAT question type * guidance on the new optional essay, including practice essay questions with sample responses * seamless integration with Official SAT Practice on Khan Academy There's also a complete chapter on the PSAT/NMSQT#65533;, which is aligned to the content and scores of the new SAT. The PSAT/NMSQT also has over $180 million of scholarships connected to student performance.
Offshore Exploration of Oil and Gas in Cuba using Digital Elevation Models (SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences)
by Valia Suárez Leyva Odalys Reyes Paredes Manuel Enrique Pardo EcharteThis book provides an overview of the major changes induced by hydrocarbons (HCs) affecting rocks and surface sediments and their implications for non-seismic exploration methods, particularly for marine territories near Cuba. It examines the use of a digital elevation model (DEM) at 90x90m resolution for the detection of subtle, positive geomorphic anomalies related to hydrocarbon microseepage (vertical migration) on possible oil and gas targets. The results support the conclusion that the DEM data provides a low cost and fast offshore oil and gas preliminary exploration strategy. This data is useful serving to focus prospective areas with supplementary unconventional methods such as magnetic-induced polarization (MIP), useful to propose more expensive volumes for detailed 2D–3D seismic surveys.
Offshore Mechatronics Systems Engineering
by Hamid Reza KarimiThe book gives a systematical and almost self-contained description of the many facets of envisaging, designing, implementing or experimentally exploring offshore mechatronics and systems along the adequate designs of integrated modeling, safety, control and supervision infrastructure. With the rapid improvements in offshore technologies in various fields such as oil and gas industry, wind energy, robotics and logistics, many researchers in academia and industry have focused on technology-based challenges raised in offshore environment. This book introduces novel theoretical or practical techniques for offshore mechatronics systems. Chapters cover general application model-based systems engineering, wind energy, control systems, mechanics, health monitoring, safety critical human-machine systems, logistics and offshore industrial complexes such as oil and gas operations, robotics, large space structures and autonomous underwater vehicles, and some other advanced technologies. The core feature of this book is that of establishing synergies of modeling, control, computing and mechanics in order to achieve not only robust plant system operation but also properties such as safety, cost, integrity and survivability while retaining desired performance quality. The book provides innovative insights into applications aspects and theoretical understanding of complex offshore mechatronics systems that has emerged in recent years, either via physical implementations or via extensive computer simulations in addition to sound innovated theoretical developments. It will serve as a reference for graduate and postgraduate students and for researchers in all engineering disciplines, including mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and applied mathematics to explore the state-of-theart techniques for solving problems of integrated modeling, control and supervision of complex offshore plants with collective safety and robustness. Thus it shall be useful as a guidance for system engineering practitioners and system theoretic researchers alike.
Offshore Petroleum Drilling and Production
by Sukumar LaikThe key focus of the book is on engineering aspects of the subject field Updated, comprehensive text covering offshore drilling, production and field development and offers complete coverage of offshore oil and gas operations. <P><P> Also, key maintenance issues like pigging, corrosion, subsidence are discussed.
Offshore Platform Integration and Floatover Technology
by Gengshen Liu Huajun LiThis book discusses offshore platform integration technology, focusing on the floatover methodology and its applications. It also addresses topics related to safety and cost-effectiveness, as well as ensuring the success of a project through careful planning and established detailed operation procedure/working manuals, which are rarely found in the published literature. Unlike other publications in this area, the book not only includes details of technology development, but also presents real project cases in the discussion to make it more comprehensible. Each topic is illustrated with carefully created sketches to show the complex operation procedures.
Offshore Renewable Energy: Accelerating the Deployment of Offshore Wind, Tidal, and Wave Technologies
by Iea-Retd (Stichting Foundation RenewableWave, tidal and offshore wind technologies have long held the promise of seemingly limitless energy supplies. In practice, while offshore wind is growing relatively rapidly, all three sectors have lagged behind expectations. This book, from the International Energy Authority Renewable Energy Technology Deployment implementing agreement (IEA-RETD), examines the reasons for this and suggests how barriers to deployment might be overcome. Beginning with an assessment of the marine energy resource, it provides a detailed introduction to the main technologies currently being employed to harness wind, tidal and offshore wind power. It then examines the types of policies which are used to encourage deployment around the world, and progress towards meeting targets. The economics of offshore energy projects are discussed, along with risks that projects face and the types of finance which are available. A final section turns to barriers - both technical and non-technical (including environmental, health and safety, skill related, supply chain and more) - and in all cases suggests how to mitigate and remove these barriers. Highly illustrated in full colour, this is an indispensable resource for anyone - whether in industry, policy or academia - looking to learn more about how deployment of offshore renewable energy technologies can be encouraged.