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Physikdidaktik | Methoden und Inhalte
by Ernst Kircher Raimund Girwidz Hans E. FischerDas vorliegende Buch bietet den Leserinnen und Lesern einen fundierten Überblick über die Methoden der Physikdidaktik und bietet eine Hilfestellung, hochspannende Themen in den Physikunterricht einzubinden. In Einzelbeiträgen diskutieren Autorinnen und Autoren Methoden und Inhalte der Physikdidaktik – angefangen von der qualitativen Forschung in der Fachdidaktik über Aus- und Fortbildungen von Physiklehrerinnen und -lehrern zur Professionskompetenz und Nature of Science. Daran anschließend werden aktuelle und forschungsnahe Themengebiete und ihre mögliche Einbindung in den Unterricht dargestellt: Bio-, Quanten-, Nano- und Elementarteilchenphysik, Astronomie, Chaos, Physik des Klimawandels und die Physik der Gravitationswellen. Das Standardwerk Physikdidaktik wird in der Neuauflage thematisch getrennt angeboten: Grundlagen und Methoden und Inhalte. Beide Bände richten sich an Studierende des Lehramts Physik, angehende Lehrkräfte im Vorbereitungsdienst und Physiklehrerinnen und -lehrer.
Physiker zwischen Autonomie und Anpassung: Die Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft im Dritten Reich
by Dieter Hoffmann Mark WalkerWelche Rolle spielte die Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft in den Jahren der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft, welche Position nahm sie im Prozess der wissenschafts- und forschungspolitischen Neuorientierung ein und was war ihre Funktion im politischen Macht- und Handlungsgefuge des Dritten Reiches? Welchen Einfluss hatten die Vertreter der so genannten "Deutschen Physik" in der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft und in der damaligen Physik generell? Welche Handlungsspielraume hatten die Physiker im Dritten Reich, sich der Vereinnahmung durch ein totalitares und verbrecherisches Regime zu entziehen? Eine Gruppe namhafter Autoren versucht Antworten auf diese Fragen zu finden und beleuchtet die wissenschaftsimmanenten Aspekte sowie die gesellschaftspolitischen Zusammenhange, die die Geschichte der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft wahrend des Dritten Reiches im Spannungsfeld zwischen politischer Anpassung und wissenschaftlicher Autonomie bestimmt haben.
Physiological Adaptations for Breeding in Birds
by Tony D. WilliamsPhysiological Adaptations for Breeding in Birds is the most current and comprehensive account of research on avian reproduction. It develops two unique themes: the consideration of female avian reproductive physiology and ecology, and an emphasis on individual variation in life-history traits. Tony Williams investigates the physiological, metabolic, energetic, and hormonal mechanisms that underpin individual variation in the key female-specific reproductive traits and the trade-offs between these traits that determine variation in fitness.The core of the book deals with the avian reproductive cycle, from seasonal gonadal development, through egg laying and incubation, to chick rearing. Reproduction is considered in the context of the annual cycle and through an individual's entire life history. The book focuses on timing of breeding, clutch size, egg size and egg quality, and parental care. It also provides a primer on female reproductive physiology and considers trade-offs and carryover effects between reproduction and other life-history stages. In each chapter, Williams describes individual variation in the trait of interest and the evolutionary context for trait variation. He argues that there is only a rudimentary, and in some cases nonexistent, understanding of the physiological mechanisms that underpin individual variation in the major reproductive life-history traits, and that research efforts should refocus on these key unresolved problems by incorporating detailed physiological studies into existing long-term population studies, generating a new synthesis of physiology, ecology, and evolutionary biology.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, volume 95 number 6 (November/December 2022)
by Physiological and Biochemical ZoologyThis is volume 95 issue 6 of Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology: Ecological and Evolutionary Approaches primarily publishes original research in physiological ecology, ecophysiology, comparative physiology, and evolutionary physiology. Studies at all levels of biological organization from the molecular to the whole organism are welcome, and work that integrates across levels of organization is particularly encouraged. Studies that focus on behavior or morphology are welcome, so long as they include ties to physiology or biochemistry, in addition to having an ecological or evolutionary context. Subdisciplines of interest include nutrition and digestion, salt and water balance, epithelial and membrane transport, gas exchange and transport, acid-base balance, temperature adaptation, energetics, structure and function of macromolecules, chemical coordination and signal transduction, nitrogen metabolism and excretion, locomotion and muscle function, biomechanics, circulation, behavioral, comparative and mechanistic endocrinology, sensory physiology, neural coordination, and ecotoxicology ecoimmunology.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, volume 96 number 1 (January/February 2023)
by Physiological and Biochemical ZoologyThis is volume 96 issue 1 of Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology: Ecological and Evolutionary Approaches primarily publishes original research in physiological ecology, ecophysiology, comparative physiology, and evolutionary physiology. Studies at all levels of biological organization from the molecular to the whole organism are welcome, and work that integrates across levels of organization is particularly encouraged. Studies that focus on behavior or morphology are welcome, so long as they include ties to physiology or biochemistry, in addition to having an ecological or evolutionary context. Subdisciplines of interest include nutrition and digestion, salt and water balance, epithelial and membrane transport, gas exchange and transport, acid-base balance, temperature adaptation, energetics, structure and function of macromolecules, chemical coordination and signal transduction, nitrogen metabolism and excretion, locomotion and muscle function, biomechanics, circulation, behavioral, comparative and mechanistic endocrinology, sensory physiology, neural coordination, and ecotoxicology ecoimmunology.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, volume 96 number 2 (March/April 2023)
by Physiological and Biochemical ZoologyThis is volume 96 issue 2 of Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology: Ecological and Evolutionary Approaches primarily publishes original research in physiological ecology, ecophysiology, comparative physiology, and evolutionary physiology. Studies at all levels of biological organization from the molecular to the whole organism are welcome, and work that integrates across levels of organization is particularly encouraged. Studies that focus on behavior or morphology are welcome, so long as they include ties to physiology or biochemistry, in addition to having an ecological or evolutionary context. Subdisciplines of interest include nutrition and digestion, salt and water balance, epithelial and membrane transport, gas exchange and transport, acid-base balance, temperature adaptation, energetics, structure and function of macromolecules, chemical coordination and signal transduction, nitrogen metabolism and excretion, locomotion and muscle function, biomechanics, circulation, behavioral, comparative and mechanistic endocrinology, sensory physiology, neural coordination, and ecotoxicology ecoimmunology.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, volume 96 number 3 (May/June 2023)
by Physiological and Biochemical ZoologyThis is volume 96 issue 3 of Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology: Ecological and Evolutionary Approaches primarily publishes original research in physiological ecology, ecophysiology, comparative physiology, and evolutionary physiology. Studies at all levels of biological organization from the molecular to the whole organism are welcome, and work that integrates across levels of organization is particularly encouraged. Studies that focus on behavior or morphology are welcome, so long as they include ties to physiology or biochemistry, in addition to having an ecological or evolutionary context. Subdisciplines of interest include nutrition and digestion, salt and water balance, epithelial and membrane transport, gas exchange and transport, acid-base balance, temperature adaptation, energetics, structure and function of macromolecules, chemical coordination and signal transduction, nitrogen metabolism and excretion, locomotion and muscle function, biomechanics, circulation, behavioral, comparative and mechanistic endocrinology, sensory physiology, neural coordination, and ecotoxicology ecoimmunology.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, volume 96 number 4 (July/August 2023)
by Physiological and Biochemical ZoologyThis is volume 96 issue 4 of Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology: Ecological and Evolutionary Approaches primarily publishes original research in physiological ecology, ecophysiology, comparative physiology, and evolutionary physiology. Studies at all levels of biological organization from the molecular to the whole organism are welcome, and work that integrates across levels of organization is particularly encouraged. Studies that focus on behavior or morphology are welcome, so long as they include ties to physiology or biochemistry, in addition to having an ecological or evolutionary context. Subdisciplines of interest include nutrition and digestion, salt and water balance, epithelial and membrane transport, gas exchange and transport, acid-base balance, temperature adaptation, energetics, structure and function of macromolecules, chemical coordination and signal transduction, nitrogen metabolism and excretion, locomotion and muscle function, biomechanics, circulation, behavioral, comparative and mechanistic endocrinology, sensory physiology, neural coordination, and ecotoxicology ecoimmunology.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, volume 96 number 5 (September/October 2023)
by Physiological and Biochemical ZoologyThis is volume 96 issue 5 of Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology: Ecological and Evolutionary Approaches primarily publishes original research in physiological ecology, ecophysiology, comparative physiology, and evolutionary physiology. Studies at all levels of biological organization from the molecular to the whole organism are welcome, and work that integrates across levels of organization is particularly encouraged. Studies that focus on behavior or morphology are welcome, so long as they include ties to physiology or biochemistry, in addition to having an ecological or evolutionary context. Subdisciplines of interest include nutrition and digestion, salt and water balance, epithelial and membrane transport, gas exchange and transport, acid-base balance, temperature adaptation, energetics, structure and function of macromolecules, chemical coordination and signal transduction, nitrogen metabolism and excretion, locomotion and muscle function, biomechanics, circulation, behavioral, comparative and mechanistic endocrinology, sensory physiology, neural coordination, and ecotoxicology ecoimmunology.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, volume 96 number 6 (November/December 2023)
by Physiological and Biochemical ZoologyThis is volume 96 issue 6 of Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology: Ecological and Evolutionary Approaches primarily publishes original research in physiological ecology, ecophysiology, comparative physiology, and evolutionary physiology. Studies at all levels of biological organization from the molecular to the whole organism are welcome, and work that integrates across levels of organization is particularly encouraged. Studies that focus on behavior or morphology are welcome, so long as they include ties to physiology or biochemistry, in addition to having an ecological or evolutionary context. Subdisciplines of interest include nutrition and digestion, salt and water balance, epithelial and membrane transport, gas exchange and transport, acid-base balance, temperature adaptation, energetics, structure and function of macromolecules, chemical coordination and signal transduction, nitrogen metabolism and excretion, locomotion and muscle function, biomechanics, circulation, behavioral, comparative and mechanistic endocrinology, sensory physiology, neural coordination, and ecotoxicology ecoimmunology.
Physiological Bases for Maize Improvement
by Gustavo A Slafer Maria E OteguiImprove the quantity and quality of maize crops in any environment!While isolated examples of the physiological bases for genetic improvement of maize yield can be found in several papers (most of which are cited in this book), there has not, until now, been a single volume that delivers and clarifies all of the available information in this field! Today, Physiological Bases for Maize Improvement offers scientists and crop growers a thorough and concise guide to recent literature and developments about increasing the crop efficiency of corn. In Physiological Bases for Maize Improvement, international experts in the field discuss and analyze methods of effectively improving crop breeding and producing better and larger yields of corn.Physiological Bases for Maize Improvement delivers clear, thorough discussions of: improving maize grain yield potential in a cool environment improving maize grain yield potential in the tropics processes affecting maize grain yield potential in temperate conditions maize improvement for drought-limited conditions apical dominance, herbivory resistance, and competitive ability the use of simulation models for crop improvement . . . and much more! With this book, you will find ways to improve maize crops in a variety of countries and climates and understand the importance of kernel numbers and kernel growth to the overall yield. Containing current research and case studies, Physiological Bases for Maize Improvement provides you with vital strategies that will improve the quality and quantity of corn and increase plant functionality and fitness.
Physiological Basis of Aging and Geriatrics
by Paola S. TimirasExtensively revised and updated to reflect the current state of knowledge in the study of aging, this Fourth Edition offers a complete profile of the aging process at all levels, from molecules and cells to demography and evolution. Written by international experts in current basic and clinical aging research, this text includes aspects of individual, comparative, and differential aging, and discussions of theories and mechanisms of aging. This invaluable reference illustrates how bodily systems, organs, and functions are affected with aging, describes how genetic and environmental factors influence age-related changes, and addresses some of the clinical consequences of these changes for health and longevity. Well illustrated, with numerous tables and graphs, this book presents up-to-date information from internationally renowned experts in various bio-medical fields.
Physiological Basis of Aging and Geriatrics (Fourth Edition)
by Paola S. TimirasThis Fourth Edition offers a complete profile of the aging process at all levels, from molecules and cells to demography and evolution. The text includes aspects of individual, comparative, and differential aging, and discussions of theories and mechanisms of aging.
Physiological Consequences of Brain Insulin Action (Oxidative Stress and Disease #50)
by André KleinriddersThe brain is crucial for the regulation of whole-body metabolism and behavior. The pancreas-derived hormone insulin modulates brain function and affects energy metabolism as well as cognition. This is partially achieved by modulating several types of brain cell populations including those relevant to satiety and reward. Importantly, brains of Alzheimer´s disease patients exhibit a signature of brain insulin resistance with perturbed brain metabolism. This book will cover the basics of insulin signaling in the brain and will describe concepts of insulin resistance, a feature of type 2 diabetes. Moreover insulin´s effect on cognitive function will be pointed out and the association between brain insulin resistance and neurodegenerative diseases discussed. Additionally, potential behavioral and pharmacological concepts which can affect brain insulin signaling will be summarized. Key Features: Summarizes insulin and the closely related IGF-1 receptor signaling Depicts concepts of insulin resistance Highlights the importance of conserved brain insulin signaling for brain function, metabolism, and behavior Describes potential behavioral and pharmacological approaches to support brain insulin signaling
Physiological Control Systems: Analysis, Simulation, and Estimation (IEEE Press Series on Biomedical Engineering #Vol. 2)
by Michael C. KhooA guide to common control principles and how they are used to characterize a variety of physiological mechanisms The second edition of Physiological Control Systems offers an updated and comprehensive resource that reviews the fundamental concepts of classical control theory and how engineering methodology can be applied to obtain a quantitative understanding of physiological systems. The revised text also contains more advanced topics that feature applications to physiology of nonlinear dynamics, parameter estimation methods, and adaptive estimation and control. The author—a noted expert in the field—includes a wealth of worked examples that illustrate key concepts and methodology and offers in-depth analyses of selected physiological control models that highlight the topics presented. The author discusses the most noteworthy developments in system identification, optimal control, and nonlinear dynamical analysis and targets recent bioengineering advances. Designed to be a practical resource, the text includes guided experiments with simulation models (using Simulink/Matlab). Physiological Control Systems focuses on common control principles that can be used to characterize a broad variety of physiological mechanisms. This revised resource: Offers new sections that explore identification of nonlinear and time-varying systems, and provide the background for understanding the link between continuous-time and discrete-time dynamic models Presents helpful, hands-on experimentation with computer simulation models Contains fully updated problems and exercises at the end of each chapter Written for biomedical engineering students and biomedical scientists, Physiological Control Systems, offers an updated edition of this key resource for understanding classical control theory and its application to physiological systems. It also contains contemporary topics and methodologies that shape bioengineering research today.
Physiological, Developmental and Behavioral Effects of Marine Pollution
by Judith S WeisSynthesizing decades of work, but up-to-date, this book focuses on organism-level responses to pollutants by marine animals, mainly crustaceans, molluscs, and fishes. Emphasizing effects on physiological processes (feeding/digestion, respiration, osmoregulation), life-cycle (reproduction [including endocrine disruption], embryo development, larval development, developmental processes later in life (growth, regeneration, molting, calcification, cancer), and behaviour, the book also covers bioaccumulation and detoxification of contaminants, and the development of tolerance. The major pollutants covered are metals, organic compounds (oil, pesticides, industrial chemicals), nutrients and hypoxia, contaminants of emerging concern, and ocean acidification. Some attention is also devoted to marine debris and noise pollution.
The Physiological Measurement Handbook (Series in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering)
by John G. WebsterThe Physiological Measurement Handbook presents an extensive range of topics that encompass the subject of measurement in all departments of medicine. The handbook describes the use of instruments and techniques for practical measurements required in medicine. It covers sensors, techniques, hardware, and software as well as information on processin
Physiological Mechanisms and Adaptation Strategies in Plants Under Changing Environment
by Mohd Rafiq Wani Parvaiz AhmadAbiotic stress has a detrimental impact on the living organisms in a specific environment and constitutes a major constraint to global agricultural production. The adverse environmental conditions that plants encounter during their life cycle not only disturb their metabolic reactions, but also hamper their growth and development on cellular and whole plant levels. These conditions are of great concern, particularly for those countries whose economies primarily rely on agriculture. Under abiotic stresses, plants amalgamate multiple external stress cues to bring about a coordinated response and establish mechanisms to mitigate such stresses by triggering a cascade of events leading to enhanced tolerance. Physiological Mechanisms and Adaptation Strategies in Plants under Changing Environment, Volume 2 displays the ways by which plants utilize and integrate many common signals and subsequent pathways to cope with less favourable environmental conditions. The book also describes the use of contemporary tools for the improvement of plants under such stressed environments. Concise yet comprehensive, Physiological Mechanisms and Adaptation Strategies in Plants under Changing Environment, Volume 2 is an indispensable resource for researchers, students, environmentalists and many others in this burgeoning area of research.
Physiological Models in Microbiology: Volume II
by M. BazinPhysiological Models in Microbiology consists of two volumes. Volume I considers models of basic growth processes and the effects of environmental factors on microbial growth. Volume II describes models of secondary processes, in particular, microbial death, spore germination, chemotaxis, and surface growth.
Physiological Models in Microbiology: Volume I
by M. BazinPhysiological Models in Microbiology consists of two volumes. Volume I considers models of basic growth processes and the effects of environmental factors on microbial growth. Volume II describes models of secondary processes, in particular, microbial death, spore germination, chemotaxis, and surface growth.
Physiological, Molecular, and Genetic Perspectives of Wheat Improvement
by Shabir H. Wani Amita Mohan Gyanendra Pratap SinghWorld population is growing at an alarming rate and may exceed 9.7 billion by 2050, whereas agricultural productivity has been negatively affected due to yield limiting factors such as biotic and abiotic stresses as a result of global climate change. Wheat is a staple crop for ~20% of the world population and its yield needs be augmented correspondingly in order to satisfy the demands of our increasing world population. “Green revolution”, the introduction of semi-dwarf, high yielding wheat varieties along with improved agronomic management practices, gave rise to a substantial increase in wheat production and self-sufficiency in developing countries that include Mexico, India and other south Asian countries. Since the late 1980’s, however, wheat yield is at a standoff with little fluctuation. The current trend is thus insufficient to meet the demands of an increasing world population. Therefore, while conventional breeding has had a great impact on wheat yield, with climate change becoming a reality, newer molecular breeding and management tools are needed to meet the goal of improving wheat yield for the future. With the advance in our understanding of the wheat genome and more importantly, the role of environmental interactions on productivity, the idea of genomic selection has been proposed to select for multi-genic quantitative traits early in the breeding cycle. Accordingly genomic selection may remodel wheat breeding with gain that is predicted to be 3 to 5 times that of crossbreeding. Phenomics (high-throughput phenotyping) is another fairly recent advancement using contemporary sensors for wheat germplasm screening and as a selection tool. Lastly, CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein mediated genome editing technology has been successfully utilized for efficient and specific genome editing of hexaploid bread wheat. In summary, there has been exciting progresses in the development of non-GM wheat plants resistant to biotic and abiotic stress and/or wheat with improved nutritional quality. We believe it is important to highlight these novel research accomplishments for a broader audience, with the hope that our readers will ultimately adopt these powerful technologies for crops improvement in order to meet the demands of an expanding world population.
Physiological Optical Imaging
by Gennadi SaikoPhysiological optical imaging is a group of emerging technologies that aim to provide healthcare practitioners and biomedical researchers with information about tissue physiology or pathophysiology using approaches different from traditional medical imaging (PET, ultrasound, MRI, X-ray, or CT scan).This book provides a comprehensive review of this group of technologies, combining a current medical literature review with an overview of cutting-edge technologies, the physics behind them, and common features across different technologies. It presents technical and physiological considerations that impact the sensitivity and spatial resolution of each technology and practical ways to improve them. The book emphasises low-cost technologies, which can be implemented in point-of-care settings. It is illustrated primarily with examples from wound care and oncology, with additional examples from other medical fields, including ophthalmology and neuroimaging.It can be used as a one-stop reference and practical guide for healthcare professionals, clinical researchers, and engineers working with emerging bioimaging technologies who are looking to utilise physiological optical imaging technologies in biomedical research or clinical practice.Key Features: Provides a comprehensive review of current technologies. Written as a practical guide with physiological and design considerations and illustrations. Presents a 360-degree view on the topic: a combination of clinical information alongside a technological background.
Physiological Pharmaceutics: Barriers to Drug Absorption
by Clive Wilson Neena Washington Clive WashingtonIn recent years, the emphasis in drug development has been the design of new delivery systems rather than new drugs. It is the aim of innovative pharmaceutical scientists to design the new dosage forms to overcome the body's barrier mechanisms which have specifically evolved to exclude foreign material.This book provides an integrated appro
Physiological Processes in Plants Under Low Temperature Stress
by A. BhattacharyaThis book is a collection of comprehensive reviewed chapters covering major physiological aspects, both production as well as biochemical aspects, of a plant under low temperature stress. Low temperature stress has been dealt in two parts, first between 10 to 00 C and secondly between 0 to -400 C. This book highlights the physiological aspects of plants under low temperature stress and explains the various adaptive measures plants undergo to tolerate low temperature stress. Essential information is provided on germination, growth and development, dry matter accumulation, partitioning and final yield of a crop plant. As physiology deals with morphological and biochemical aspect of all the basic processes, therefore an in depth understanding the major physiological issues in plants under high temperature will help plant breeders to tailor different crop plants with desirable physiological traits to do better under higher temperature. The present book is intended to cover the effects of low temperature stress on the various physiological aspects in plants. Not only in production physiology, this book also deals with major biochemical processes, like photosynthesis, nitrogen and lipid metabolism, mineral nutrition and plant growth hormones. Efforts have been made deal with different measures to mitigate the effects of low temperature stress on plants. This book will be an asset for post graduate students, faculty members, researchers engaged in not only in physiological studies but also agronomy, plant breeding and like subjects. In depth analysis of the major physiological processes in plants under low temperature stress that are presented in this book will help plant breeders for tailoring crops for desirable physiological traits needed to survive and to give better economic return under the threats of low temperature stress. This book is also helpful for policy planners and industries engaged in agribusiness in short term as well as long term gain.
Physiological Psychology (Psychology Library Editions: Cognitive Science)
by John BlundellPhysiological psychology deals with the interaction between ‘under the skin’ physiological variables and the personal and social context in which organisms live. Originally published in 1975, much of this book has relevance for the understanding of human action: knowledge of physiological mechanisms underlying psychological functions can throw light on conditions such as obesity, schizophrenia, and the emotional disorders, and on procedures such as psychosurgery and drug therapy.