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Planning and Design Perspectives for Land Take Containment: An Operative Framework (SpringerBriefs in Geography)
by Benedetta GiudiceThis book aims to provide a framework for the concept of land take, the practice by which natural lands are lost to artificial land development practices, and present its ecological implications in urban environments. In particular, the book intends to contextualize land take and its ecological implications in the field of planning through the analysis of the evolution of the relationship that exists between ecology and urban and regional planning, with case studies focusing on cities in Europe. Urban and regional planning (specifically in terms of tools, policies and strategies) play a central role in the redevelopment of this relationship, and through this perspective the text explores some operational criteria and guiding strategies for the creation of innovative scenarios of planning and design. The book is indeed mainly based upon an ecological planning-oriented perspective, with the attempt of creating a strong link between the plan and the project that will be useful for students, researchers, policy makers, and urban planners and designers.
Planning and Executing Credible Experiments: A Guidebook for Engineering, Science, Industrial Processes, Agriculture, and Business
by Robert J. Moffat Roy W. HenkCovers experiment planning, execution, analysis, and reporting This single-source resource guides readers in planning and conducting credible experiments for engineering, science, industrial processes, agriculture, and business. The text takes experimenters all the way through conducting a high-impact experiment, from initial conception, through execution of the experiment, to a defensible final report. It prepares the reader to anticipate the choices faced during each stage. Filled with real-world examples from engineering science and industry, Planning and Executing Credible Experiments: A Guidebook for Engineering, Science, Industrial Processes, Agriculture, and Business offers chapters that challenge experimenters at each stage of planning and execution and emphasizes uncertainty analysis as a design tool in addition to its role for reporting results. Tested over decades at Stanford University and internationally, the text employs two powerful, free, open-source software tools: GOSSET to optimize experiment design, and R for statistical computing and graphics. A website accompanies the text, providing additional resources and software downloads. A comprehensive guide to experiment planning, execution, and analysis Leads from initial conception, through the experiment’s launch, to final report Prepares the reader to anticipate the choices faced throughout an experiment Hones the motivating question Employs principles and techniques from Design of Experiments (DoE) Selects experiment designs to obtain the most information from fewer experimental runs Offers chapters that propose questions that an experimenter will need to ask and answer during each stage of planning and execution Demonstrates how uncertainty analysis guides and strengthens each stage Includes examples from real-life industrial experiments Accompanied by a website hosting open-source software Planning and Executing Credible Experiments is an excellent resource for graduates and senior undergraduates—as well as professionals—across a wide variety of engineering disciplines.
Planning and Installing Photovoltaic Systems: A Guide for Installers, Architects and Engineers (Planning and Installing)
by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sonnenenergie (DGS)New third edition of the bestselling manual from the German Solar Energy Society (DGS), showing you the essential steps to plan and install a solar photovoltaic system. With a global focus, it has been updated to include sections on new technology and concepts, new legislation and the current PV market. Updates cover: new developments in inverter and module technology market situation worldwide and outlook integration to the grid (voltage stabilization, frequency, remote control) new legal requirements for installation and planning operational costs for dismantling and recycling feed-in management new requirements for fire protection new requirements in Europe for electric waste (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, WEEE) and the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances (RoHS). Also providing information on current developments in system design, economic analysis, operation and maintenance of PV systems, as well as new software tools, hybrid and tracking systems. An essential manual for installers, engineers and architects, it details every subject necessary for successful project implementation, from the technical design to the legal and marketing issues of PV installation.
Planning and Managing Agricultural and Ecological Experiments
by Johnstone, PeterA text addressing the essential issues required to undertake satisfactory comparative agricultural and ecological experiments. It offers an integrated presentation, with the focus strongly placed on the planning and execution of experiments.
Planning and Operation of Plug-In Electric Vehicles: Technical, Geographical, and Social Aspects
by Mehdi Rahmani-AndebiliThis book highlights the latest advancements in the planning and operation of plug-in electric vehicles (PEV). In-depth, the book presents essential planning and operation techniques to manage the PEV fleet and handle the related uncertainties associated with the drivers’ behavior. Several viewpoints are presented in the book, ranging from the local distribution companies to generation companies to the aggregators. Problems such as parking lot allocation and charging management are investigated, taking into consideration the technical, geographical, and social aspects in a smart grid infrastructure.Discusses the technical specifications of electrical distribution and generation systems;Models drivers’ behavior from the sociology and economic points of view;Considers the real geographical characteristics of area and driving routes in San Francisco, CA, US; Chicago, IL, US; and Tehran, Iran.
Planning and Urban Change (Urban And Regional Development Ser.)
by Stephen V. WardFully revised and thoroughly updated, the Second Edition of Planning and Urban Change provides an accessible yet richly detailed account of British urban planning. Stephen Ward demonstrates how urban planning can be understood through three categories: ideas - urban planning history as the development of theoretical approaches: from radical and utopian beginnings, to the `new right' thinking of the 1980s, and recent interest in green thought and sustainability; policies - urban planning history as an intensely political process, the text explains the complicated relation between planning theory and political practice; and impacts - urban planning history as the divergence of expectation and outcome, each chapter shows how intended impacts have been modified by economic and social forces. This Second Edition features an entirely new chapter on the key policy changes that have occurred under the Major and Blair governments, together with a critical review of current policy trends.
Planning Cities in Africa: Current Issues and Future Prospects of Urban Governance and Planning (The Urban Book Series)
by Genet Alem Gebregiorgis Stefan Greiving Ally Hassan Namangaya Wilbard Jackson KombeThis open access book provides insights into challenges, threats and opportunities of urban development in Africa. It discusses how and why African cities need localised urban planning concepts and theories to deal with challenges and threats of rapid urbanisation and climate change. The book delivers an in-depth view of the nature and gaps of the framework on which current planning practice and education in Africa are based. With that, it discusses the potentials of African cities to mobilise local knowledge, resources and capacity building for sustained and resilient urban growth.This work is addressed to educationists and practitioners in the field of urban development management, climate change adaptation and urban resilience. Specifically, such audiences include researchers, spatial planners, graduate students and member of civil societies working on urban development management.
Planning Climate Smart and Wise Cities: A Multidisciplinary Approach (The Urban Book Series)
by Kwi-Gon Kim Massamba ThioyeThis book provides information that facilitates integrated climate actions in cities, leveraging disruptive technologies, business models, policies, financing, and leadership solutions. It fosters the development of climate smart and wise cities. It reviews the major developments of climate actions in cities and combines climate environment and energy technology, policy and financing instruments. A range of distinguished authors assess the experiences thus far and also consider future development from both theoretical and practical perspectives. They also discuss many policy and technical options, including climate smart and wise city planning, inclusion of urban nature, international and national carbon market mechanisms and measuring its impact and digital transformation. Moreover, attention is paid to the role of natural principles, the role of transparency principles and to aspects of democratic climate governance within a climate action scheme. This book makes clear that the carbon neutrality, sustainability, circularity, efficiency, connectivity and resiliency of cities depend to a large extent on the specific digital technologies and the leadership reshaping our cities.Discussing multidisciplinary aspects of climate action, this book offers new insights to academics, policymakers and practitioners both in the public and private sectors. Those insights are not only retrospective, relevant for understanding the past, but they are also prospective and forward-looking, guiding the achievements of the SDGs and the climate goals.
Planning, Estimating, and Control of Chemical Construction Projects (Cost Engineering)
by Pablo F. Navarrete William C. ColeContains added chapters emphasizing the importance of choosing the correct project and defining project goals. Stresses the need for adequate front end loading (FEL) and outlines the responsibility of the venture manager in project selection. Provides updated case studies and examples on technical evaluation criteria, construction progress monitori
Planning for Ecosystem Services in Cities (SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science)
by Davide Geneletti Chiara Cortinovis Linda Zardo Blal Adem EsmailThis open access book presents current knowledge about ecosystem services (ES) in urban planning, and discusses various urban ES topics such as spatial distribution of urban ecosystems, population distribution, and physical infrastructure properties. The book addresses all these issues by: i) investigating to what extent ecosystem services are currently included in urban plans, and discussing what is still needed to improve planning practice; ii) illustrating how to develop ecosystem services indicators and information that can be used by urban planners to enhance plan design; iii) demonstrating the application of ES assessments to support urban planning processes through case studies; and iv) reflecting on criteria for addressing equity in urban planning through ecosystem service assessments, by exploring issues associated with the supply of, the access to and demand for ES by citizens. Through fully worked out case studies, from policy questions, to baseline analysis and indicators, and from option comparison to proposed solutions, the book offers readers detailed and accessible coverage of outstanding issues and proposed solutions to better integrate ES in city planning. The overall purpose of the book is to provide a compact reference that can be used by researchers as a key resource offering an updated perspective and overview on the field, as well as by practitioners and planners/decision makers as a source of inspiration for their activity. Additionally, the book will be a suitable resource for both undergraduate and post-graduate courses in planning and geography.
Planning for Sustainable Urban Transport in Southeast Asia: Policy Transfer, Diffusion, and Mobility (The Urban Book Series)
by Dorina PojaniBy now, planners everywhere know - more or less - what the ingredients of a sustainable city are, in theory. The problem is that only bits of solutions are being implemented in the cities that most need them, the majority of which are located in the Global South. This book examines issues related to policy transfer in urban transport planning in Southeast Asia. The metropolitan regions of four major capitals - Jakarta, Kuala Lumpur, Manila, and Bangkok - are considered. The book assesses the in-bound and out-bound transfer of sustainable transport planning policies, concepts, and tools. The investigation focuses on who transfers policy and why, what elements of policy are transferred, in what direction and to what degree, and what barriers does transfer face. It also discusses how policy transfer processes in the transportation planning arena can be improved.
Planning for the Planet: Environmental Expertise and the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, 1960–1980 (Environment in History: International Perspectives #16)
by Simone SchleperIn the 1960s and 1970s, rapidly growing environmental awareness and concern not only led to widespread calls for new policies, but also created unprecedented demand for ecological expertise. This led to novel challenges for advocacy groups such as the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, which had to navigate rival scientific approaches, Cold War politics, and decolonization in their efforts to integrate the study and protection of nature into international policymaking. This book reveals how, despite their vast scientific knowledge and attempts to incorporate socially relevant themes, experts inevitably struggled to make conservation a central part of environmental politics within intergovernmental organizations like the United Nations.
Planning for Tourism: Towards a Sustainable Future (CABI Tourism Texts)
by Ian Brown Ian Tempest Craig Grimes Kathryn Beardmore Dr Filareti Kotsi Sofia Teixeira Eurico Dr Nour Farra-HaddadThis text provides an innovative approach to the pedagogy of contemporary planning processes within different cultural contexts globally. It adopts an innovative multi-disciplinary social science approach and through the inclusion of international case studies, considers the extent to which intelligent design has enabled the needs of disabled residents and visitors to have universal access to social spaces and facilities. In incorporating the consideration into the fabric of the book it will encourage the mainstreaming of universal design and accessible tourism, as keystones of planning processes within the C21st.
Planning for Tourism
by Hongliang Yan Ian Tempest Craig Grimes Kathryn Beardmore Ian Brown Nigel Morpeth Dr Filareti Kotsi Dr Nour Farra-Haddad Sofia Teixeira EuricoThis text provides an innovative approach to the pedagogy of contemporary planning processes within different cultural contexts globally. It adopts an innovative multi-disciplinary social science approach and through the inclusion of international case studies, considers the extent to which intelligent design has enabled the needs of disabled residents and visitors to have universal access to social spaces and facilities. In incorporating the consideration into the fabric of the book it will encourage the mainstreaming of universal design and accessible tourism, as keystones of planning processes within the C21st.
Planning Indian Megacity Regions: Spatial Model, Development Dynamics and Future Advances (Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements)
by S. K. KulshresthaThis book focuses on spatial planning of megacities that are growing in Asia, Africa, and America. These cities are not be seen in isolation from their respective influence regions. They complement each other. Most of the solutions to the problems of such cities are found in their respective regions, and, on the other hand, the regions derive their strength from their respective megacities. There is a need for promoting integrated spatial planning of megacity regions. The five chapters in this book highlight the spatial planning of such regions.
Planning of Eco-efficient Process Chains for Automotive Component Manufacturing (Sustainable Production, Life Cycle Engineering and Management)
by Christopher SchmidtThis book includes the introduction of emerging manufacturing technologies and planning cases with established technologies. The planning of eco-efficient process chains is crucial for manufacturing companies. However, in the state-of-the-art planning, various barriers exist towards the integration of the environmental dimension.Against this background, a concept for the integration of classic lean and environmental criteria into the three planning phases of process chains is presented. During concept planning, the Technology Assessment Tool supports planners in the identification of eco-efficient technologies. During rough planning, the Value Stream Design Tool enables the derivation of a production line based on workpiece characteristics. For detailed planning, tools for eco-efficient machine and process chain configuration are provided. Three case studies from large-scale automotive component manufacturing with established and emerging technologies demonstrate the tool applicability.
Planning of Eco-efficient Process Chains for Automotive Component Manufacturing (Sustainable Production, Life Cycle Engineering and Management)
by Christopher SchmidtThis book includes the introduction of emerging manufacturing technologies and planning cases with established technologies. The planning of eco-efficient process chains is crucial for manufacturing companies. However, in the state-of-the-art planning, various barriers exist towards the integration of the environmental dimension.Against this background, a concept for the integration of classic lean and environmental criteria into the three planning phases of process chains is presented. During concept planning, the Technology Assessment Tool supports planners in the identification of eco-efficient technologies. During rough planning, the Value Stream Design Tool enables the derivation of a production line based on workpiece characteristics. For detailed planning, tools for eco-efficient machine and process chain configuration are provided. Three case studies from large-scale automotive component manufacturing with established and emerging technologies demonstrate the tool applicability.
Planning Support Systems for Sustainable Urban Development
by Fred Toppen John Stillwell Stan GeertmanThis book collects a selection of the best articles presented at the CUPUM (Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management) conference, held in the second week of July 2013 in Utrecht, the Netherlands. The articles included were selected by external reviewers using a double blind process.
Planning the Greenspaces of Nineteenth-Century Paris
by Richard S. HopkinsIn the second half of the nineteenth century, state and municipal governments oversaw the explosive growth of public parks, squares, and gardens throughout the city of Paris. In Planning the Greenspaces of Nineteenth-Century Paris, Richard S. Hopkins skillfully weaves together social and cultural history to argue that the expansion of these greenspaces served as more than simple urban embellishment. Rather, they provided an essential component of the Second Empire's efforts to transform and revitalize France's capital city, and their development continued well into the Third Republic. Hopkins brings a new dimension to the study of nineteenth-century Parisian urbanism by considering the parks and squares of Paris from multiple perspectives: the reformers who advocated for them, the planners who constructed them, the workers who maintained them, and the neighborhood residents who used them. As public areas over which private citizens felt a high degree of ownership, these spaces offered a unique opportunity for collaboration between city officials and residents. Hopkins examines the national and municipal goals for the greenspaces, their intended contributions to public health, and the roles of park service employees and neighborhood groups in their ongoing centrality to Parisian life. Hopkins's study moves deftly from the aspirations of the political authorities to the ways in which new public spaces contributed to community-building and neighborhood identity. Drawing on extensive archival research, he depicts a greenspace design and development process that illustrates the dynamic relationship between citizens and city.
Planning Tool to Support Louisiana's Decisionmaking on Coastal Protection and Restoration
by David G. Groves * Christopher Sharon * Debra KnopmanA computer-based decision-support tool, called the Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) Planning Tool, provided technical analysis that supported the development of Louisiana's Comprehensive Master Plan for a Sustainable Coast through CPRA and community-based deliberations. This document seeks to provide an accessible technical description of the Planning Tool and associated analyses used to develop the Master Plan.
Planning with Landscape: Green Infrastructure to Build Climate-Adapted Cities (Landscape Series #35)
by Camila Gomes Sant’Anna Ian Mell Luciana Bongiovanni Martins SchenkThis edited volume examines how to develop a planning and design process with green infrastructure that creates technical answers to the social and ecological function of the city’s climate change adaptations demands. In this context, it proposes a process that engage the values linked to the art and culture of the place, capable of generating adoption by the population and promoting the right to landscape. Since the nineteenth century, many theoretical and practical experiences have integrated urban and environmental issues, revising the understanding of nature as an object and thinking of nature and culture in conjunction. However, consensus of the methodological strategies needed to guide the development of multi-scale landscape planning and design capable of responding to the climate emergency, heritage, water, biodiversity and social inclusion, among other issues has not been achieved. Green infrastructure has emerged as a tool to link considerations of the planning and design process to examine the impact urban nature can have at a global and a local scale. The book gathers together authors from different parts of the world and disciplines to showcase conceptual thinking, best practices and methodological strategies relating to landscape planning and design with green infrastructure adapted to climate change. The topic of this book is particularly relevant to scholars, practitioners and developers around the world who have an interest in planning and environmental management, landscape architecture, and socio-cultural understandings of landscape.
Plans and Policies for Soil Organic Carbon Management in Agriculture
by Ram Swaroop Meena Cherukumalli Srinivasa Rao Arvind KumarThis edited book discusses how effective soil carbon management plans and policies will ultimately make agriculture more secure against climate change and soil degradation. It is focused on initiatives to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) and sequestration by launching different schemes and programs. An approach based on practical aspects of managing SOC in agriculture is provided with clear and concise descriptions. It has more attention to successfully implement plans and policies to meet the required level of SOC restoration. The book is covering the urgent needs of plans and policies for soil management and C restoration in agricultural ecosystems which can be beneficial to food, nutrition, environment, and economy security. There is also providing a roadmap on SOC policies to encourage the use of best management practices (BMPs) for soil health and C stock restoration, and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. The book is suitable for teachers, researchers, government planners and policymakers, undergraduate and graduate students of soil science, soil microbiology, agronomy, ecology, and environmental sciences.
Plans and Practices for Groundwater Protection at the Los Alamos National Laboratory:Interim Status Report
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesDischarges of wastes from activities associated with the federal government’s Los Alamos site in northern New Mexico began during the Manhattan Project in 1943. Now designated the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), the site is operated under contract by the Department of Energy (DOE). Through past and ongoing investigations, radioactive and chemical contaminants have been detected in parts of the complex system of groundwater beneath the site. Since effective protection of groundwater is important for LANL’s continuing operations, DOE’s Office of Environmental Management requested technical advice and recommendations regarding several aspects of LANL’s groundwater protection program. This interim report summarizes the committee’s information-gathering activities and identifies issues within the scope of its task that have risen to the committee’s attention without offering any findings or recommendations. The final report is expected to be released in May 2007 and it is the hope that results of the final study will provide guidance and impetus for dialogue and agreement among DOE, LANL, and other stakeholders on a focused, cost-effective program for protecting the groundwater in and around the site.
Plant ABC Transporters
by Markus GeislerThis book is devoted to the fascinating superfamily of plant ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and their variety of transported substrates. It highlights their exciting biological functions, covering aspects ranging from cellular detoxification, through development, to symbiosis and defense. Moreover, it also includes a number of chapters that center on ABC transporters from non-Arabidopsis species. ABC proteins are ubiquitous, membrane-intrinsic transporters that catalyze the primary (ATP-dependent) movement of their substrates through biological membranes. Initially identified as an essential aspect of a vacuolar detoxification process, genetic work in the last decade has revealed an unexpectedly diverse variety of ABC transporter substrates, which include not only xenobiotic conjugates, but also heavy metals, lipids, terpenoids, lignols, alkaloids and organic acids. The discovery that members of the ABCB and ABCG family are involved in the movement of phytohormones has further sparked their exploration and provided a new understanding of the whole family. Accordingly, the trafficking, regulation and structure-function of ABCB-type auxin transporters are especially emphasized in this book.
Plant Abiotic Stress (Biological Sciences Ser. #3)
by Matthew A. Jenks Paul M. HasegawaA fully revised review of the latest research in molecular basis of plant abiotic stress response and adaptation Abiotic stressors are non-living environmental stressors that can have a negative impact on a plants ability to grow and thrive in a given environment. Stressors can range from temperature stress (both extreme heat and extreme cold) water stress, aridity, salinity among others. This book explores the full gamut of plant abiotic stressors and plants molecular responses and adaptations to adverse environmental conditions. The new edition of Plant Abiotic Stress provides up-to-date coverage of the latest research advances in plant abiotic stress adaptation, with special emphasis on the associated and integrative aspects of physiology, signaling, and molecular-genetics. Since the last edition, major advances in whole genome analysis have revealed previously unknown linkages between genes, genomes, and phenotypes, and new biological and –omics approaches have elucidated previously unknown cellular mechanisms underlying stress tolerance. Chapters are organized by topic, but highlight processes that are integrative among diverse stress responses. As with the first edition, Plant Abiotic Stress will have broad appeal to scientists in fields of applied agriculture, ecology, plant sciences, and biology.