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Reverse Genetics of RNA Viruses: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2733)
by Daniel R. PérezThis second edition volume expands on the previous edition with new and updated chapters that highlight the latest methods and approaches for the manipulation of RNA viruses. The chapters in this book explore the fundamental role in studying RNA viruses; identifying markers of host range, disease, and transmission; and aid readers with the further development of in silico computational biology tools and artificial intelligence algorithms that can help predict the emergence of certain pathogens. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Reverse Genetics of RNA Viruses: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition is a valuable resource for researchers who are interested in learning more about this developing field.
Reverse Heart Disease Now: Stop Deadly Cardiovascular Plaque Before It's Too Late
by Martin Zucker Stephen T. Sinatra James C. RobertsWhile most books focus solely on the role of cholesterol in heart disease, "Reverse Heart Disease Now "draws on new research that points to the surprising other causes. Two leading cardiologists draw on their collective fifty years of clinical cardiology research to show you how to combine the benefits of modern medicine, over-the-counter vitamins and supplements, and simple lifestyle changes to have a healthy heart.
Reverse Osmosis Seawater Desalination Volume 1: Planning, Process Design and Engineering – A Manual for Study and Practice
by Heinz LudwigSeawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) is the dominant desalination process worldwide for obtaining fresh water from the sea. The subject matter and scope of this book is the conceptual and advanced planning, design and engineering of plants of this desalination process together with the associated facilities for seawater pretreatment, post-treatment of the product water, wastewater treatment, seawater extraction and plant discharge.The book is intended to be used by technicians, engineers, economists and ecologists in the planning, design and operation of SWRO plants, as an educational and training tool, as well as an aid in environmental licensing of membrane desalination plants, and by interested laypersons for information about this process.The two volumes are also available as a set.
Reverse Osmosis Seawater Desalination Volume 2: Planning, Process Design and Engineering – A Manual for Study and Practice
by Heinz LudwigSeawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) is the dominant desalination process worldwide for obtaining fresh water from the sea. The subject matter and scope of this book is the conceptual and advanced planning, design and engineering of plants of this desalination process together with the associated facilities for seawater pretreatment, post-treatment of the product water, wastewater treatment, seawater extraction and plant discharge.The book is intended to be used by technicians, engineers, economists and ecologists in the planning, design and operation of SWRO plants, as an educational and training tool, as well as an aid in environmental licensing of membrane desalination plants, and by interested laypersons for information about this process.The two volumes are also available as a set.
Reverse Pharmacology: Phytocannabinoids, Banned and Restricted Herbals
by Amritpal Singh SaroyaReverse Pharmacology: Phytocannabinoids, Banned and Restricted Herbals will serve as a tailormade reference guide for the manufacturers and practitioners of herbal drugs. Part A deals with Reverse Pharmacology & Nanophytomedicine and Part B with Phytocannabinoids and description of banned or restricted herbal drugs. Part B also includes chemical structures and unpublished material which are the salient features of this book. The work is an invaluable resource for professionals in the manufacturing of herbal and pharmaceutical products as well as those persons in regulatory affairs.
Reverse Phase Protein Arrays: From Technical and Analytical Fundamentals to Applications (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1188)
by Lance A. Liotta Tesshi Yamada Satoshi S. Nishizuka Gordon B. MillsThis book provides practical guidance on all aspects of reverse phase protein array (RPPA) technology, which permits the quantification of protein levels in cell or tissue lysates. In addition, the latest results are presented from laboratories across the world where experts are successfully running the challenging RPPA data platform. After an introductory chapter by the inventor of the RPPA technique, the demanding task of lysate preparation is explained. Subsequent chapters review printing platforms and analytical platforms and discuss antibody screening in detail. The role of RPPA data in integrative analyses is thoroughly examined, and the various applications of RPPA, for example to identify molecular targeting drugs or evaluate cancer drug efficacy, are discussed with reference to the latest knowledge. It is hoped that the book will foster the implementation of RPPA by documenting the practical details of the technology and by revealing its great potential. It will be of high value for researchers who plan to build an RPPA platform in their institute and for researchers, clinicians, and companies who use RPPA through collaboration with an existing RPPA facility.
Reversibility in Dynamics and Group Theory
by Anthony G. O'Farrell Ian ShortReversibility is a thread woven through many branches of mathematics. It arises in dynamics, in systems that admit a time-reversal symmetry, and in group theory where the reversible group elements are those that are conjugate to their inverses. However, the lack of a lingua franca for discussing reversibility means that researchers who encounter the concept may be unaware of related work in other fields. This text is the first to make reversibility the focus of attention. The authors fix standard notation and terminology, establish the basic common principles, and illustrate the impact of reversibility in such diverse areas as group theory, differential and analytic geometry, number theory, complex analysis and approximation theory. As well as showing connections between different fields, the authors' viewpoint reveals many open questions, making this book ideal for graduate students and researchers. The exposition is accessible to readers at the advanced undergraduate level and above.
Reversibility of Chronic Degenerative Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 1: Regulating Mechanisms of Chemical Sensitivity
by William J. Rea Kalpana PatelThe clinical approaches to the chronic degenerative diseases that drain our resources, and compromise our well-being, have become almost exclusively symptom-focused. The common wisdom is that they are idiopathic with final outcomes to be managed rather than prevented or cured. That they are potentially reversible rarely enters into any discussion b
Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 3: Clinical Environmental Manifestations of the Neurocardiovascular Systems
by William J. Rea Kalpana PatelEncyclopedic in scope, Reversibility of Chronic Degenerative Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 3: Environmental Manifestations of the Neurocardiovascular Systems draws deeply from clinical histories of thousands of patients. It focuses on clinical syndromes within the musculoskeletal, neurological, and cardiovascular systems with a special focus
Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4: The Environmental Aspects of Chemical Sensitivity
by William J. Rea Kalpana D. PatelReversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4: The Environmental Aspects of Chemical Sensitivity is the fourth of an encyclopedic five-volume set describing the basic physiology, chemical sensitivity, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic degenerative disease studied in a 5x less polluted controlled environment. This text focuses on treatment techniques, strategies, protocols, prescriptions, and technologies. Distinguishing itself from previous works on chemical sensitivity, it explains newly understood mechanisms of chronic disease and hypersensitivity, involving core molecular function. The authors discuss new information on ground regulation system, genetics, the autonomic nervous system, and immune and non-immune functions. The book also includes the latest technology and cutting-edge techniques, numerous figures, and supporting research.
Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 5: Treatment Options of Chemical Sensitivity
by William J. Rea Kalpana D. PatelThe clinical approaches to the chronic degenerative diseases that drain our resources, and compromise our well-being, have become almost exclusively symptom-focused. The common wisdom is that they are idiopathic with final outcomes to be managed rather than prevented or cured. That they are potentially reversible rarely enters any discussion between doctor and patient. Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 5: Treatment Options of Chemical Sensitivity, the final volume of this set, offers a much different perspective on chronic degenerative disease; one that disputes the idiopathic label attached to most, as well as the usual fatalistic prognosis.
Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity,Volume 2: The Effects of Environmental Pollutants on the Organ System
by William J. Rea Kalpana D. PatelEncyclopedic in scope, Reversibility of Chronic Degenerative Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 2: The Effects of Environmental Pollutants on the Organ System draws deeply from clinical histories of thousands of patients. It focuses on clinical syndromes within the musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems. The book explores mech
Reversible Ligand Binding: Theory and Experiment
by Andrea Bellelli Jannette CareyPresents the physical background of ligand binding and instructs on how experiments should be designed and analyzed Reversible Ligand Binding: Theory and Experiment discusses the physical background of protein-ligand interactions—providing a comprehensive view of the various biochemical considerations that govern reversible, as well as irreversible, ligand binding. Special consideration is devoted to enzymology, a field usually treated separately from ligand binding, but actually governed by identical thermodynamic relationships. Attention is given to the design of the experiment, which aids in showing clear evidence of biochemical features that may otherwise escape notice. Classical experiments are reviewed in order to further highlight the importance of the design of the experiment. Overall, the book supplies students with the understanding that is necessary for interpreting ligand binding experiments, formulating plausible reaction schemes, and analyzing the data according to the chosen model(s). Topics covered include: theory of ligand binding to monomeric proteins; practical considerations and commonly encountered problems; oligomeric proteins with multiple binding sites; ligand binding kinetics; hemoglobin and its ligands; single-substrate enzymes and their inhibitors; two-substrate enzymes and their inhibitors; and rapid kinetic methods for studying enzyme reactions. Bridges theory of ligand binding and allostery with experiments Applies historical and physical insight to provide a clear understanding of ligand binding Written by a renowned author with long-standing research and teaching expertise in the area of ligand binding and allostery Based on FEBS Advanced Course lectures on the topic Reversible Ligand Binding: Theory and Experiment is an ideal text reference for students and scientists involved in biophysical chemistry, physical biochemistry, biophysics, molecular biology, protein engineering, drug design, pharmacology, physiology, biotechnology, and bioengineering.
Reversing the Arrow of Time
by Bryan W. RobertsThe arrow of time refers to the curious asymmetry that distinguishes the future from the past. Reversing the Arrow of Time argues that there is an intimate link between the symmetries of 'time itself' and time reversal symmetry in physical theories, which has wide-ranging implications for both physics and its philosophy. This link helps to clarify how we can learn about the symmetries of our world; how to understand the relationship between symmetries and what is real, and how to overcome pervasive illusions about the direction of time. Roberts explains the significance of time reversal in a way that intertwines physics and philosophy, to establish what the arrow of time means and how we can come to know it. This book is both mathematically and philosophically rigorous yet remains accessible to advanced undergraduates in physics and philosophy of physics. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Reversing Deforestation: How Market Forces and Local Ownership Are Saving Forests in Latin America
by Douglas Southgate Brent SohngenDire reports of surging deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon appear often in international headlines, with commentators decrying the destruction of tree-covered habitats as an act of environmental vandalism. Although forest losses are alarming, broader trends are bending in the direction of forest recovery. In this book, Brent Sohngen and Douglas Southgate address the long-term recovery of forests in Latin America. The authors synthesize trends in demography, agricultural development, and technological change, and argue that slower population growth and increasing crop and tree yields—in conjunction with protecting local ownership of natural resources—have encouraged forest transition. This book explores how market forces, ownership arrangements, and the enforcement of property rights have influenced this shift from net deforestation to net afforestation. Forest transitions have happened before, such as the recovery of tree-covered habitats in Europe and the United States. Signs of a similar transformation in land use are now present in Latin America. Ending deforestation requires a strengthening of forest dwellers' property rights while ensuring that biodiversity conservation is no longer treated as a value-less externality. The resulting forest landscape, actively managed for ecosystem services, will be more resilient, as is needed to overcome climate change.
Review Of Doe's Nuclear Energy Research And Development Program
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesThe National Academies Press (NAP)--publisher for the National Academies--publishes more than 200 books a year offering the most authoritative views, definitive information, and groundbreaking recommendations on a wide range of topics in science, engineering, and health. Our books are unique in that they are authored by the nation's leading experts in every scientific field.
Review Of Doe's Vision 21 Research And Development Program--phase I
by Committee to Review DOE's Vision 21 R D Program-Phase IA Review Of Doe's Vision 21 Research And Development Program--phase I
Review Of The Army's Technical Guides On Assessing And Managing Chemical Hazards To Deployed Personnel
by Subcommittee on the Toxicological Risks to Deployed Military PersonnelTo guide mission planning, military decision makers need information on the health risks of potential exposures to individual soldiers and their potential impact on mission operations. To help with the assessment of chemical hazards, the U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine developed three technical guides for characterizing chemicals in terms of their risks to the mission and to the health of the force. The report reviews these guides for their scientific validity and conformance with current risk-assessment practices. The report finds that the military exposure guidelines are appropriate (with some modification) for providing force health protection, but that for assessing mission risk, a new set of exposure guidelines is needed that predict concentrations at which health effects would degrade the performance of enough soldiers to hinder mission accomplishment.
Review Of The U.s. Navy Environmental Health Center's Health-hazard Assessment Process
by Subcommittee on Toxicological Hazard Risk AssessmentThe National Academies Press (NAP)--publisher for the National Academies--publishes more than 200 books a year offering the most authoritative views, definitive information, and groundbreaking recommendations on a wide range of topics in science, engineering, and health. Our books are unique in that they are authored by the nation's leading experts in every scientific field.
Review Of The Worker And Public Health Activities Program Administered By The Department Of Energy And The Department Of Health And Human Services
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesEver since the United States began producing and testing nuclear weapons during World War II, the effects of ionizing radiation on human health and the environment have been a serious public concern. The Worker and Public Health Activities Program was established more than 20 years ago to study the consequences of exposure to ionizing radiation and other hazardous materials from Department of Energy operations to workers and members of the surrounding communities. This report concludes that the program has used sound research methods and generally has enhanced public understanding of the risks involved. However, the report recommends that more two-way communication between the agencies and workers and members of the public is needed. The report explores the ways in which the agencies involved could develop a more coordinated, effective, and thorough evaluation of the public health concerns involved in cleanup and remediation activities at Department of Energy sites.
Review and Evaluation of Alternative Chemical Disposal Technologies
by National Research CouncilIn 1994 the National Research Council published Recommendations for the Disposal of Chemical Agents and Munitions, which assessed the status of various alternative destruction technologies in comparison to the Army's baseline incineration system. The volume's main finding was that no alternative technology was preferable to incineration but that work should continue on the neutralization technologies under Army consideration.In light of the fact that alternative technologies have evolved since the 1994 study, this new volume evaluates five Army-chosen alternatives to the baseline incineration system for the disposal of the bulk nerve and mustard agent stored in ton containers at Army sites located in Newport, Indiana, and Aberdeen, Maryland, respectively. The committee assessed each technology by conducting site visits to the locations of the technology proponent companies and by meeting with state regulators and citizens of the affected areas. This volume makes recommendations to the Army on which, if any, of the five technologies has reached a level of maturity appropriate for consideration for pilot-scale testing at the two affected sites.
Review of Army Research Laboratory Programs for Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Minority Institutions
by Committee on Review of Army Research Laboratory Programs for Historically Black Colleges Universities Minority Institutions"Review of Army Research Laboratory Programs for Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Minority Institutions" examines the ways in which historically black colleges and universities and minority institutions have used the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) funds to enhance the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) programs at their institutions over the past decade. This report also considers which program elements reflect practices that are effective for assisting these institutions in enhancing the STEM programs and could be considered by other Department of Defense agencies for application to their programs. The Army Research Laboratory has contributed to building up the human and infrastructural capacities in the past, and this report looks for ways to enhance ARL program impact on institution-building in the future, confident that more capable black and minority-serving institutions will, in turn, help America as a whole develop a more diverse and intellectually capable STEM workforce.
Review of Department of Defense Test Protocols for Combat Helmets
by Committee on Review of Test Protocols Used by the DoD to Test Combat HelmetsCombat helmets have evolved considerably over the years from those used in World War I to today's Advanced Combat Helmet. One of the key advances was the development of aramid fibers in the 1960s, which led to today's Kevlar-based helmets. The Department of Defense is continuing to invest in research to improve helmet performance, through better design and materials as well as better manufacturing processes. Review of the Department of Defense Test Protocols for Combat Helmets considers the technical issues relating to test protocols for military combat helmets. At the request of the DOD Director of Operational Test and Evaluation, this report evaluates the adequacy of the Advanced Combat Helmet test protocol for both first article testing and lot acceptance testing, including its use of the metrics of probability of no penetration and the upper tolerance limit (used to evaluate backface deformation). The report evaluates appropriate use of statistical techniques in gathering data; adequacy of current helmet testing procedures; procedures for the conduct of additional analysis of penetration and backface deformation data; and scope of characterization testing relative to the benefit of the information obtained.
Review of EPA Homeland Security Efforts: Safe Buildings Program Research Implementation Plan
by Committee on Safe Buildings ProgramThe report examines the Environmental Protection Agency’s three-year plan for a comprehensive response to a chemical or biological attack on a civilian or public sector facility. The report states that EPA has correctly identified the essential major research areas (detection, containment, decontamination, and disposal) but calls for an initial focus on decontamination and disposal efforts and a longer term research program.
Review of Goals and Plans for NASA's Space and Earth Sciences
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesBoth the President’s commission on how to implement the President’s space exploration initiative and Congress asked the NRC undertake an assessment and review of the science proposed to be carried out under the initiative. An initial response to that request was the NRC February 2005 report, Science in NASA’s Vision for Space Exploration. While that report’s preparation, NASA created capabilities and strategy roadmapping efforts which became the object of the next phase of the NRC review. The new NASA administrator modified that NASA activity resulting in changes in the NRC review effort. This report provides a review of six science strategy roadmaps: robotic and human exploration of Mars; solar system exploration; universe exploration; search for earth-like planets; earth science and applications from space; and sun-earth system connection. In addition, an assessment of cross-cutting and integration issues is presented.