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Prokaryotic Gene Regulation: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2516)
by Eveline Peeters Indra BervoetsThis volume presents a collection of versatile methodologies to investigate prokaryotic gene regulation, with focus on the different levels of information processing and usefulness for various model organisms, whether archaeal, bacterial, or both. The chapters in this book are divided into four sections. Section One covers methods that enable the study of the structure of the bacterial/archaeal chromosome, the main template for all gene regulatory processes, and its epigenetic modification. Section Two looks at a selection of approaches that enable higher levels of understanding of transcription initiation, a key step in information processing. Section Three discusses the investigation of regulating transcription factors, which are often considered the main players in gene regulation in prokaryotic cells. The Fourth Section focuses on the next stage of information processing at which gene regulation occurs, namely the RNA-based level. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Prokaryotic Gene Regulation: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for researchers interested in learning more about this diverse field.
Prokaryotic Metabolism and Physiology
by Byung Hong Kim Geoffrey Michael GaddVast numbers of different prokaryotic microorganisms shape the biosphere, with diverse metabolic capabilities. Determination of genome sequences for a wide range of bacteria and archaea now requires an in-depth knowledge of prokaryotic metabolic function to give biochemical, physiological and ecological meaning to the genomic information. This new edition describes up-to-date knowledge of the key metabolic processes that occur under different conditions, and the cellular processes that determine prokaryotic roles in the environment, biotechnology and human health. Essential for students of microbiology, applied microbiology, biotechnology, genomics and systems biology, this advanced textbook covers prokaryotic structure, composition, nutrient transport, biosynthesis and growth. Newly characterised metabolic pathways are included, as well as the latest understanding of metabolic regulation and stress responses. Additionally, the link between energetics, growth and survival is discussed as well as the maintenance of genetic integrity by the bacterial immune system.
Prokaryotic Systems Biology
by Nevan J. Krogan Mohan BabuThis book focuses on innovative experimental and computational approaches for charting interaction networks in bacterial species. The first part of the volume consists of nine chapters, focusing on biochemical and genetics and genomics approaches including yeast two hybrid, metagenomics, affinity purification in combination with mass spectrometry, chromatin-immunoprecipitation coupled with sequencing, large-scale synthetic genetic screens, and quantitative-based mass spectrometry strategies for mapping the bacterial physical, functional, substrate, and regulatory interaction networks needed for interpreting biological networks, inferring gene function, enzyme discovery, and identifying new drug targets. The second part comprises five chapters, covering the network of participants for protein folding and complex enzyme maturation. It also covers the structural approaches required to understand bacterial intramembrane proteolysis and the structure and function of bacterial proteins involved in surface polysaccharides, outer membrane, and envelope assembly. This volume concludes with a focus on computational and comparative genomics approaches, especially network-based methods for predicting physical or functional interactions, and integrative analytical approaches for generating more reliable information on bacterial gene function. This book provides foundational knowledge in the understanding of prokaryotic systems biology by illuminating how bacterial genes f unction within the framework of global cellular processes. The book will enable the microbiology community to create substantive resources for addressing many pending unanswered questions, and facilitate the development of new technologies that can be applied to other bacterial species lacking experimental data.
Prokaryotic Toxin-Antitoxins
by Kenn GerdesProkaryotic Toxins - Antitoxins gives the first overview of an exciting and rapidly expanding research field. Toxin - antitoxin (TA) genes were discovered on plasmids 30 years ago. Since then it has become evident that TA genes are highly abundant in bacterial and archaeal chromosomes. TA genes code for an antitoxin that combine with and neutralize a cognate toxin. When activated, the toxins inhibit protein synthesis and cell growth and thereby induce dormancy and multidrug tolerance (persistence). Remarkably, in some species, the TA gene families have undergone dramatic expansions. For example, the highly persistent major human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis has »100 TA loci. The large expansion of TA genes by some organisms is a biological mystery. However, recent observations indicate that TA genes contribute cumulatively to the persistence of bacteria. This medically important phenomenon may thus for the first time become experimentally tractable at the molecular level.
Prokhorov and Contemporary Probability Theory
by Albert N. Shiryaev Ernst L. Presman S. R. VaradhanThe role of Yuri Vasilyevich Prokhorov as a prominent mathematician and leading expert in the theory of probability is well known. Even early in his career he obtained substantial results on the validity of the strong law of large numbers and on the estimates (bounds) of the rates of convergence, some of which are the best possible. His findings on limit theorems in metric spaces and particularly functional limit theorems are of exceptional importance. Y.V. Prokhorov developed an original approach to the proof of functional limit theorems, based on the weak convergence of finite dimensional distributions and the condition of tightness of probability measures. The present volume commemorates the 80th birthday of Yuri Vasilyevich Prokhorov. It includes scientific contributions written by his colleagues, friends and pupils, who would like to express their deep respect and sincerest admiration for him and his scientific work.
Proliferation of Weapons- and Dual-Use Technologies: Diplomatic, Information, Military, and Economic Approaches (Advanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications)
by Margaret E. KosalThis book explores and analyzes the rapid pace of technological evolution in diplomatic, information, military, and economic sectors, which has contributed to a dynamic international policy environment. Global political stability is greatly influenced by innovations originating from numerous sources, including university labs, the technology sector, and military research. Collectively, these innovations guide the movement of people, ideas, and technology that in turn affect the international balance of power. The objective of this volume is to develop new insights into how the proliferation of innovative ideas, low-cost weapons, and dual-use technologies impact the changing global security landscape. Innovative and dual-use technologies can be used for beneficial purposes or defensive purposes. Alternatively they may be appropriated or employed for nefarious purposes by hostile military powers and non-state actors alike. Such actions can threaten global security and stability. As the complexity of technological innovations continues to increase, existing control mechanisms such as international regulations and security arrangements may be insufficient to stem the tide of proliferation over time. As such, this works seeks to assess and present policy solutions to curtail the threat to global stability posed by the proliferation of weapons and dual-use technology.
Prometeo americano: El triunfo y la tragedia de J. Robert Oppenheimer
by Kai Bird Martin J. SherwinPremio Pulitzer 2006 National Book Critics Circle Award 2005 Duff Cooper Prize 2008 La biografía definitiva de Oppenheimer, el padre de la bomba atómica y una de las figuras más emblemáticas del siglo XX. El 16 de julio de 1945, en el desierto de Nuevo México, se detonaba en secreto la primera bomba atómica. Impactado por el poder destructivo de su creación, J. Robert Oppenheimer, director del Proyecto Manhattan, se comprometería desde entonces a luchar contra el desarrollo de la bomba de hidrógeno y contra la guerra nuclear. Sospechoso de comunista para los Estados Unidos de la era McCarthy, fue perseguido por el FBI, calumniado como espía de la Unión Soviética y obligado a dimitir de cualquier función pública. Su vida privada fue arrastrada del mismo modo hacia el esperpento; su casa fue allanada con micrófonos ocultos, y su teléfono, intervenido. No sería hasta 1963 que el presidente Kennedy lo rehabilitaría y, con ello, su figura obtendría otro cariz para los ciudadanos del mundo entero. Treinta años de entrevistas a familiares, amigos y colegas; de búsqueda en archivos del FBI; de análisis de las cintas con discursos e interrogatorios, y de hallazgos de documentos privados del físico nuclear dieron como resultado este monumental libro. Una biografía de una enorme minuciosidad que ofrece una visión íntima del científico más famoso de su generación; una de las figuras icónicas del siglo xx para quien el triunfo y la tragedia se unieron en un nudo gordiano. Críticas:«Se lee como un thriller, cautivador y aterrador por momentos. Sospecho que este año no aparecerá una biografía más absorbente ni, dados los peligros a los que nos enfrentamos, más importante que esta».John Carey, Sunday Times «La biografía definitiva [...] La vida de Oppenheimer no nos influye; nos persigue».Newsweek «Todas las obras anteriores sobre este tema quedan, por decirlo de la manera más amable, despedazadas, frente a este libro que es metafórica y literalmente monumental».Mark Lawson, Esquire «Esta imponente biografía, resultado de veinticinco años de investigación, reevalúa la figura de Oppenheimer, y ofrece uno de los retratos más complejos del físico hasta la fecha».The New Yorker «Un libro esencial».Time «Una obra de voluminosa erudición y lúcida perspicacia que une el retrato del multifacético Oppenheimer con la aguda comprensión de su naturaleza».The New York Times «Un relato magistral del ascenso y la caída de Oppenheimer, situado en el contexto de las turbulentas décadas de la transformación de Estados Unidos. Es un tour de force».Los Angeles Times Book Review «La primera biografía que da cuenta de la extraordinaria complejidad de Oppenheimer. Se erige como un Everest entre las montañas de libros sobre el proyecto de la bomba atómica y Oppenheimer, y es un logro que tal vez no será superado ni igualado».The Boston Globe «Excepcional y documentada con exhaustividad. Kai Bird y Martin Sherwin no solo explican la deslumbrante, emblemática y denigrante carrera de Oppenheimer, sino que también iluminan las tensiones de la cultura estadounidense que conformaron las nociones actuales de liberalismo y reacción».The Atlantic Journal
The Prometheus Crisis
by Thomas N. Scortia Frank M. RobinsonIn northern California, Project Prometheus, a five-billion-dollar nuclear power station-the largest in the world -has reached the final critical stages of thermal equilibrium. Momentarily, the President of the United States is going to announce to the nation that Prometheus has been activated and that this country has the solution to the energy crisis within its grasp. But deep within the reactor's central core, the factor of human error sparks that one chance in 300,000,000: Prometheus unleashes a hideous nuclear holocaust that no one can reverse.... Thomas N. Scortia and Frank M. Robinson, whose masterful and chilling ways with suspense are currently on view in The Towering Inferno, the film based in part on their first novel, The Glass Inferno, again deliver a taut story that could come from tomorrow's front pages: a story of the men and women caught up in a horrifying race in which science and technology are ultimately pushed too far and too fast.
Prometheus Reimagined: Technology, Environment, and Law in the Twenty-first Century
by Albert C. LinTechnologies such as synthetic biology, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and geoengineering promise to address many of our most serious problems, yet they also bring environmental and health-related risks and uncertainties. Moreover, they can come to dominate global production systems and markets with very little public input or awareness. Existing governance institutions and processes do not adequately address the risks of new technologies, nor do they give much consideration to the concerns of persons affected by them. Instead of treating technology, health, and the environment as discrete issues, Albert C. Lin argues that laws must acknowledge their fundamental relationship, anticipating both future technological developments and their potential adverse effects. Laws should encourage international cooperation and the development of common global standards, while allowing for flexibility and reassessment.
Prominin-1 (CD133): New Insights on Stem & Cancer Stem Cell Biology
by Denis CorbeilProminin-1 or otherwise known as CD133 is a glycoprotein that is present in humans and mice. Since the first description of prominin in 1997, in mouse neuroepithelial cells and in human hematopoietic stem cells as AC133 antigen, this molecule has aroused a large interest especially, as a stem cell marker, that gave rise to an ever growing body of publications and more recently its expression in cancer stem cells. Controversies as to its role as a cancer stem and its detection in different models, as well as its use as a prognostic marker have emerged. Yet, beyond its use as a stem cell and cancer stem cell marker, prominin-1/CD133 displays unique biological features and appears of importance in other processes like for example in retinal biogenesis. Indeed, this five-transmembrane plasma membrane glycoprotein, which marks membrane protrusions is associated with several essential processes like cell polarity, asymmetric cell division and membrane remodeling. We propose to review current knowledge about this intriguing molecule and present pertinent information to determine the biological role of prominins and assess their importance in medicine and cancer research. The primary audience for this book is geared towards scientists and researchers with interest in cancer stem cells, stem cells, cell biology, neurobiology, and regenerative medicine.
Promise Ahead: A Vision of Hope and Action for Humanity's Future
by Duane ElginThe sequel to Duane Elgin’s bestselling classic Voluntary Simplicity, which changed the lives of thousands and was called the “bible” of the simplicity movement by the Wall Street Journal, Promise Ahead looks beneath the headlines to reveal the deeper currents now changing our lives. Elgin sees two powerful sets of trends converging in the coming decades. The first set he calls “adversity trends.” These include 1. Global climate changes that threaten our food supply2. Massive human population3. Mass extinction of species4. Rapid depletion of crucial natural resources 5. Civil unrest caused by global poverty. The second set he calls “opportunity trends.” These include1. Recognition of the universe as a living system2. The quiet revolution toward simpler ways of living3. Use of the Internet as a tool for social awareness and change4. Growing efforts toward reconciliation of racial, gender, religious, and other differences If we meet these unprecedented challenges, we can make a dramatic leap in our evolutionary journey and will have a very promising future.
The Promise of Access: Technology, Inequality, and the Political Economy of Hope
by Daniel GreeneWhy simple technological solutions to complex social issues continue to appeal to politicians and professionals who should (and often do) know better.Why do we keep trying to solve poverty with technology? What makes us feel that we need to learn to code--or else? In The Promise of Access, Daniel Greene argues that the problem of poverty became a problem of technology in order to manage the contradictions of a changing economy. Greene shows how the digital divide emerged as a policy problem and why simple technological solutions to complex social issues continue to appeal to politicians and professionals who should (and often do) know better.
The Promise of Contemporary Primatology (New Biological Anthropology)
by Erin P. RileyThis book argues for a contemporary primatology that recognizes humans as integral components in the ecologies of primates. This contemporary primatology uses a broadened theoretical lens and methodological toolkit to study primate behavior and ecology in increasingly anthropogenic contexts and seeks points of intersection and spaces for collaborative exchange across the natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities. The book begins by exploring the American tradition of anthropology, providing historical and disciplinary context for the emergence of field primatology and how it became a part of this tradition. It then examines how primatology transformed into a field dominated by evolutionary approaches and highlights how the increasingly anthropogenic environments in which primates live present opportunities to understand primate adaptability at work. In doing so, it explores how an extended evolutionary approach can help explain behavioral variation in these contemporary environments. Focus is then given to the ethnoprimatological approach, a contemporary approach that provides a pluralistic framework, drawing from the natural and social sciences and humanities, needed to study human-primate coexistence in the Anthropocene. Finally, the book considers how such a crossing of disciplines can inform primate conservation in the future. An important interdisciplinary reassessment, this book will be of significant interest to primatologists, biological anthropologists, and scholars of anthropology more generally, as well as evolutionary and conservation biologists.
The Promise of Multispecies Justice
by Sophie Chao, Karin Bolender, and Eben KirkseyWhat are the possibilities for multispecies justice? How do social justice struggles intersect with the lives of animals, plants, and other creatures? Leading thinkers in anthropology, geography, philosophy, speculative fiction, poetry, and contemporary art answer these questions from diverse grounded locations. In America, Indigenous peoples and prisoners are decolonizing multispecies relations in unceded territory and carceral landscapes. Small justices are emerging in Tanzanian markets, near banana plantations in the Philippines, and in abandoned buildings of Azerbaijan as people navigate relations with feral dogs, weeds, rats, and pesticides. Conflicts over rights of nature are intensifying in Colombia’s Amazon. Specters of justice are emerging in India, while children in Micronesia memorialize extinct bird species. Engaging with ideas about environmental justice, restorative justice, and other species of justice, The Promise of Multispecies Justice holds open the possibility of flourishing in multispecies worlds, present and to come.Contributors. Karin Bolender, Sophie Chao, M. L. Clark, Radhika Govindrajan, Zsuzsanna Dominika Ihar, Noriko Ishiyama, Eben Kirksey, Elizabeth Lara, Jia Hui Lee, Kristina Lyons, Michael Marder, Alyssa Paredes, Craig Santos Perez, Kim TallBear
The Promise of Nostalgia: Reminiscence, Longing and Hope in Contemporary American Culture (Routledge Research in Anticipation and Futures)
by Nicola SayersThe Promise of Nostalgia analyses a range of texts – including The Virgin Suicides, both the novel by Jeffrey Eugenides’ and Sofia Coppola’s screen adaptation, photography of Detroit’s ‘abandoned spaces’, and blogger Tavi Gevinson's media output – to explore nostalgia as a prominent affect in contemporary American cultural production. Counter to the prevalent caricature of nostalgia as anti-future, the book proposes a more nuanced reading of its stakes and meanings. Instead of understanding it as evidence of the absence of utopia it contends that there is a masked utopian impulse in this nostalgia ‘mode’ and critical potential in what has typically been dismissed as ideological. This book will be of interest to scholars, graduate students and upper-level undergraduate students interested in contemporary culture, cultural theory, media studies, the Frankfurt School, utopian studies and American literature and culture.
The Promise of Sleep: A Pioneer in Sleep Medicine Explores the Vital Connection Between Health, Happiness, and a Good Night's Sleep
by William C. Dement Christopher VaughanSleep better, live longer with the groundbreaking information and step-by-step program in this revolutionary book. Healthful sleep has been empirically proven to be the single most important factor in predicting longevity, more influential than diet, exercise, or heredity. And yet we are a sleep-sick society, ignorant of the facts of sleep--and the price of sleep deprivation. In this groundbreaking book, based on decades of study on the frontiers of sleep science, Dr. William Dement, founder and director of the Stanford University Sleep Research Center, explains what happens when we sleep, when we don't, and how we can reclaim the most powerful--and underrated--health miracle of all. Taking us on a fascinating tour of our sleeping body and mind, Dr. Dement reveals the price we have paid for ignoring sleep--an epidemic of heart disease, 33 percent of traffic-fatigue-related accidents, and immeasurable mental and psychological disadvantages. And he offers a hands-on prescription for vibrant good health and longevity, including... self-tests to determine how much sleep you really need... the role of prescription and over-the-counter sleeping aids... the latest research on how sleep affects the immune system... how to combat insomnia, snoring, and jet lag... plus information on sleep disorder clinics nationwide, Web sites, and more. Taking readers on a fascinating tour of our sleeping body and mind, Dr. William C. Dement reveals the price paid for ignoring sleep--an epidemic of heart disease, traffic-fatigue-related accidents (responsible for a full third of all traffic accidents), and immeasurable mental and psychological disadvantages. Offering a hands-on prescription for vibrant good health and longevity, THE PROMISE OF SLEEP includes self-tests to determine how much sleep you really need, full information on the role of prescription and over-the-counter sleeping aids, the latest research on how sleep affects the immune system, helpful methods for combating insomnia, snoring, and jet lag, plus information on sleep disorder clinics nationwide, sleep disorder Web sites, and more.
Promise or Peril: The Strategic Defense Initiative
by Zbigniew Brzezinski Richard Sincere Marin Stnnecki Peter WehnerThirty-five Essays by statesmen, scholars, and strategic analysts.
Promised the Moon: The Untold Story of the First Women in the Space Race
by Stephanie NolenA female world-record-setting pilot, Jerrie Cobb was recruited in 1959 to take the astronaut tests. She excelled, so the doctor who supervised the selection of NASA's Mercury astronauts recruited additional female pilots. Twelve performed exceptionally. Stephanie Nolen tracked down eleven of the surviving "Fellow Lady Astronaut Trainees" and learned the story of those early days of the space race and the disappointment when, in 1961, the women were grounded.
Promising Antimicrobials from Natural Products
by Mahendra Rai Ivan KosalecGiven novel infectious diseases such as COVID-19 and antibiotic resistance new antimicrobial discovery is an important research area. Considering that nature is a vast source of bioactive molecules with antimicrobial activity, the main aim of this book is to present a comprehensive outlook of current research in the field of natural antimicrobials. It discusses the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants, beehives, and mushrooms with a global coverage of antimicrobial agents from rich forests of Brazil (Amazon), North-Eastern forests of Peru, Argentina, Colombia, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Middle East, Turkey, Croatia, Greece, Germany and Russia.The book covers the results of the in vitro screening of antimicrobial activities of extracts and isolated compounds from natural origins. It is divided into three sections: i) Section I, includes natural antimicrobials from plants; ii) Section II incorporates antimicrobial agents/secondary metabolites from plants, and (iii) Section III focuses on antimicrobials from mushrooms, beehive and delivery systems for different types of antimicrobials.Promising Antimicrobials From Natural Products is immensely useful for post graduate students, researchers in plant science, microbiology, biotechnology, pharmacology, pharma companies and those who are interested in herbal, eco-friendly, cost-effective and sustainable antimicrobials
Promising Antiviral Herbal and Medicinal Plants (Exploring Medicinal Plants)
by Nadeem Akhtar Azamal Husen Vagish Dwibedi Santosh Kumar RathWith the prevalence of viral diseases causing significant health challenges and the emergence of highly infectious and difficult-to-treat conditions, such as Ebola, HIV/AIDS, and Hepatitis B, there is a pressing need for effective antiviral treatments. Throughout history, viral infections have caused devastating pandemics, leading to widespread illness and mortality. Notable examples include the Black Death caused by Yersinia pestis and the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918. To address this ongoing threat, exploring the potential of herbal and medicinal plants as a source of antiviral compounds is crucial. Promising Antiviral Herbal and Medicinal Plants provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research in the field of antiviral properties of herbal and medicinal plants. Features: Compiles cutting-edge research on the antiviral properties of various plants, highlighting their potential therapeutic applications. Discusses various chemical components of the medicinal and herbal plants with the known bioactive constituents and their antiviral applications. Elaborates on medicinal and herbal plants' opportunities and future direction for drug synthesis against various viral diseases. A volume in the Exploring Medicinal Plants series, this book is an essential resource for researchers, healthcare professionals, and those interested in viral infections and their management.
Promising Practices for Strengthening the Regional STEM Workforce Development Ecosystem
by National Academies of Sciences Engineering MedicineU.S. strength in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines has formed the basis of innovations, technologies, and industries that have spurred the nation’s economic growth throughout the last 150 years. Universities are essential to the creation and transfer of new knowledge that drives innovation. This knowledge moves out of the university and into broader society in several ways — through highly skilled graduates (i.e. human capital); academic publications; and the creation of new products, industries, and companies via the commercialization of scientific breakthroughs. Despite this, our understanding of how universities receive, interpret, and respond to industry signaling demands for STEM-trained workers is far from complete. Promising Practices for Strengthening the Regional STEM Workforce Development Ecosystem reviews the extent to which universities and employers in five metropolitan communities (Phoenix, Arizona; Cleveland, Ohio; Montgomery, Alabama; Los Angeles, California; and Fargo, North Dakota) collaborate successfully to align curricula, labs, and other undergraduate educational experiences with current and prospective regional STEM workforce needs. This report focuses on how to create the kind of university-industry collaboration that promotes higher quality college and university course offerings, lab activities, applied learning experiences, work-based learning programs, and other activities that enable students to acquire knowledge, skills, and attributes they need to be successful in the STEM workforce. The recommendations and findings presented will be most relevant to educators, policy makers, and industry leaders.
Promising the Earth
by Robert LambThis is a tale of our times. marking the 25th anniversary of Friends of the Earth, Promising the Earth locates the inside story of pioneering campaigns within a broader canvas. No single organization's record can expect to paraphrase the development of environmental consciousness and the growth of grassroots environmental movement, but experiences bear intimate witness to a story that is still unfolding.Enlivened by arresting illustrations and glimpses of colourful personalities that the issues of the day have brought to the fore, Promising the Earth takes stock of changing realities in, and attitudes to, environmental care over the past quarter-century. This eventful chronical acts as a platform from which to survey the future that lies beyond the threshold of the 21st century.
Promoter Associated RNA
by Sara NapoliThis volume is divided in four sections; covering genome wide approaches, techniques for characterize of paRNA structural features are described, selecting pa-RNA, and paRNA therapeutic potential. Chapters describe how siRNAsdirected against paRNAs can be applied in vivo to modulate transcription of important genes controlled by paRNAs. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Promoter Associated RNA: Methods and Protocols aims to demonstrate paRNAs as new class of regulatory molecules, to further investigate and value as tools for fine transcriptional tuning.
Promoting Chemical Laboratory Safety and Security in Developing Countries
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesThere is growing concern about the possible use of toxic industrial chemicals or other hazardous chemicals by those seeking to perpetrate acts of terrorism. The U.S. Chemical Security Engagement Program (CSP), funded by the U.S. Department of State and run by Sandia National Laboratories, seeks to develop and facilitate cooperative international activities that promote best practices in chemical security and safe management of toxic chemicals, including: Partnering with host governments, chemical professionals, and industry to assess and fill gaps in chemical security abroad. Providing technical expertise and training to improve best practices in security and safety among chemical professionals and industry. Increasing transparency and accountability for dangerous chemical materials, expertise, and technologies. Providing opportunities for collaboration with the international professional chemical community. The Department of State called on the National Academies to assist in the CSP's efforts to promote chemical safety and security in developing countries.
Promoting Competition in Innovation Through Merger Control in the ICT Sector: A Comparative and Interdisciplinary Study (Munich Studies on Innovation and Competition #10)
by Kalpana TyagiThis book addresses the question of how competition authorities assess mergers in the Information Communication Technology (ICT) sector so as to promote competition in innovation. A closer look at the question reveals that it is far more complex and difficult to answer for the ICT, telecommunications and multi-sided platform (MSP) economy than for more traditional sectors of the economy. This has led many scholars to re-think and question whether the current merger control framework is suitable for the ICT sector, which is often also referred to as the new economy. The book pursues an interdisciplinary approach combining insights from law, economics and corporate strategy. Further, it has a comparative dimension, as it discusses the practices of the US, the EU and, wherever relevant, of other competition authorities from around the globe. Considering that the research was conducted in the EU, the practices of the European Commission remain a key aspect of the content.Considering its normative dimension, the book concentrates on the substantive aspects of merger control. To facilitate a better understanding of the most important points, the book also offers a brief overview of the procedural aspects of merger control in the EU, the US and the UK, and discusses recent amendments to Austrian and German law regarding the notification threshold. Given its scope, the book offers an invaluable guide for competition law scholars, practitioners in the field, and competition authorities worldwide.