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Spite: The Upside of Your Dark Side
by Simon McCarthy-JonesSpite angers and enrages us, but it also keeps us honest. In this provocative account, a psychologist examines how petty vengeance explains human thriving. Spite seems utterly useless. You don't gain anything by hurting yourself just so you can hurt someone else. So why hasn't evolution weeded out all the spiteful people? <P><P> As psychologist Simon McCarthy-Jones argues, spite seems pointless because we're looking at it wrong. Spite isn't just what we feel when a car cuts us off or when a partner cheats. It's what we feel when we want to punish a bad act simply because it was bad. Spite is our fairness instinct, an innate resistance to exploitation, and it is one of the building blocks of human civilization. <P><P>As McCarthy-Jones explains, some of history's most important developments—the rise of religions, governments, and even moral codes—were actually redirections of spiteful impulses. A provocative, engaging read, Spite shows that if you really want to understand what makes us human, you can't just look at noble ideas like altruism and cooperation. You need to understand our darker impulses as well.
The Splendid Baron Submarine (The Bizarre Baron Inventions #2)
by Eric Bower"The Splendid Baron Submarine is delightfully absurd, imaginative, and fun—a wonderful book for middleschool children to read on their own, and an even better book for families to read aloud together." - Foreword Reviews, Starred ReviewPirate treasure? A top secret mission? A terribly rude monkey with personal boundary and hygiene issues? Two out of three of those things sound like a dream come true to the young, clumsy, and terribly unscientific Waldo “W.B.” Baron, when his clever inventor parents are hired to go on a secret treasure hunt. The Baron family dives into adventure with their steam-powered submarine, but they aren’t prepared for the complications that occur during their trip, which include shark attacks, deep sea diving mishaps, and even a pirate’s curse, all of which W.B. is lucky enough to discover, one stumble, trip, and fall at a time.
Splendid Solution
by Jeffrey KlugerIn medical school when Franklin Delano Roosevelt was diagnosed with the disease shortly before assuming the Presidency, Salk was given an impetus to conduct studies on polio. His progress in combating the virus was hindered by the politics of medicine and by a rival researcher determined to discredit his proposed solution. But Salk's perseverance made history-and for more than fifty years his vaccine has saved countless lives, bringing humanity close to eradicating polio throughout the world. Splendid Solution chronicles Dr. Salk's race against time-and a growing epidemic that reached 57,000 reported cases in the summer of 1952-to achieve an unparalleled medical breakthrough that made him a cultural hero and icon for a whole generation.
Splendid Spiders (Little Entomologist 4D)
by Melissa HigginsSpiders are famous for their complex webs, but that's not how all of these eight-legged critters catch food. Some chase prey on the ground. Others hide and grab bugs that come too close! Excite kids' natural curiosity with this Smithsonian Little Entomologist book about splendid spiders from around the world. Readers will be wowed by the amazing variety of arachnids and up-close photos, while also learning about bug behavior, life cycles, classification, and more. The engaging, leveled text supports life science curriculum.
Splendidly Unreasonable Inventors: The Lives, Loves, and Deaths of 30 Pioneers Who Changed the World
by Jeremy CollerThe lives loves and deaths of splendidly unreasonable inventors is a brilliant analysis of 30 inventors who changed the world. Coller observes that personality type dictates the potential for success in bringing inventions to fruition. Few people have the full package of skills required to make a success of their idea and failure results when an individual who excels in one area of competence attempts to become all things. Coller focuses on the people rather the inventions and the way in which they did or did not succeed in bringing their visions to fruition. On one level The lives loves and deaths of splendidly unreasonable inventors is a collection of fascinating stories; on another level these stories provoke an unconventional look at the inventive process that created such life-changing products.
Spliceosomal Pre-mRNA Splicing
by Klemens J. HertelProviding a guide to classical experimental approaches to decipher splicing mechanisms and experimental strategies that rely on novel multi-disciplinary approaches, Spliceosomal Pre-mRNA Splicing: Methods and Protocols describes the theory of alternative pre-mRNA splicing in seven introductory chapters and then introduces protocols and their theoretical background relevant for a variety of experimental research. These protocol chapters cover basic methods to detect splicing events, analyses of alternative pre-mRNA splicing in vitro and in vivo manipulation of splicing events and high-throughput and bioinformatic analyses of alternative splicing. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and practical, Spliceosomal Pre-mRNA Splicing: Methods and Protocols will aid newcomers and seasoned molecular biologists in understanding the fascinating world of alternative splicing with the ultimate goal of paving the way for many new discoveries to come.
Splinters of Infinity: Cosmic Rays and the Clash of Two Nobel Prize-Winning Scientists over the Secrets of Creation
by Mark WolvertonThe riveting story of a modern age scientific feud between two Nobel Prize-winning scientists over the nature of cosmic rays and the universe.Set in a revolutionary era of physics and science when a series of rapid-fire discoveries was upending our understanding of the universe, Splinters of Infinity by Mark Wolverton tells a little-known story: the tale of two of America&’s foremost physicists, Robert Millikan (1868–1953) and Arthur Compton (1892–1962), who found themselves locked in an intense, often deeply personal, conflict about cosmic rays. Confirmed in 1912, cosmic rays—enigmatic forms of penetrating radiation—seemed to raise all new questions about the origins of the universe, but they also offered the potential to explain everything—or reveal the existence of God.In engaging, accessible prose, Wolverton takes the reader through the twists and turns of the Millikan-Compton debate, one of the first major public examples of how heated the controversies among scientists could become—and the lengths that scientists would go to settle their disputes. What set them apart, at least in most cases, Wolverton shows, was their ability to concentrate finally on what mattered: the science. Along the way, Wolverton probes the forever elusive question, still unanswered today, about where cosmic rays come from and what they reveal about black holes, distant galaxies, the existence of dark matter and dark energy, and the birth of the universe, concluding that these splinters of infinity may not hold the keys to the secret of creation but do bring us ever closer to it.
Split and Splice: A Phenomenology of Experimentation
by Hans-Jörg RheinbergerAn esteemed historian of science explores the diversity of scientific experimentation. The experiment has long been seen as a test bed for theory, but in Split and Splice, Hans-Jörg Rheinberger makes the case, instead, for treating experimentation as a creative practice. His latest book provides an innovative look at the experimental protocols and connections that have made the life sciences so productive. Delving into the materiality of the experiment, the first part of the book assesses traces, models, grafting, and note-taking—the conditions that give experiments structure and make discovery possible. The second section widens its focus from micro-level laboratory processes to the temporal, spatial, and narrative links between experimental systems. Rheinberger narrates with accessible examples, most of which are drawn from molecular biology, including from the author’s laboratory notebooks from his years researching ribosomes. A critical hit when it was released in Germany, Split and Splice describes a method that involves irregular results and hit-or-miss connections—not analysis, not synthesis, but the splitting and splicing that form a scientific experiment. Building on Rheinberger’s earlier writing about science and epistemology, this book is a major achievement by one of today’s most influential theorists of scientific practice.
Split Inteins
by Henning D. MootzThis volume focuses on applications of split inteins, and the progress that has been made in the past 5 years on discovery and engineering of fast and more efficient split inteins. The first few chapters in Split Inteins: Methods and Protocols explore new techniques on how to use split inteins for affinity purification of overproduced proteins, and split-intein based technologies to prepare cyclic peptides and proteins. The next few chapters discuss semisynthetic protein trans-splicing using one synthetic intein piece, synthetic intein-extein pieces used to deliver other cargos for chemical modification both of purified proteins and of proteins in living cells, as well as isotopic labeling of proteins for NMR studies, and a discussion on how protein block copolymers can be generated by protein trans-splicing to form protein hydrogels. The last few chapters deal with intein applications in transgenic plants and conditional inteins that can be regulated in artificial ways by small molecules or light, a cassette-based approach to quickly test many intein insertion positions, and a computational approach to predict new intein split sites (the approach also works for other proteins). Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introduction to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and thorough, Split Inteins: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource that will provide guidance toward possibilities of split intein applications, explore proven and detailed protocols adaptable to various research projects, and inspire new method developments.
Spoil to Soil: Mine Site Rehabilitation and Revegetation
by N. S. Bolan M. B. Kirkham Y. S. OkSpoil to Soil: Mine Site Rehabilitation and Revegetation presents both fundamental and practical aspects of remediation and revegetation of mine sites. Through three major themes, it examines characterization of mine site spoils; remediation of chemical, physical and biological constraints of mine site spoils, including post mine-site land-use practices; and revegetation of remediated mine site spoils. Each theme includes chapters featuring case studies involving mine sites around the world. The final section focuses specifically on case studies with successful mine site rehabilitation. The book provides a narrative of how inert spoil can be converted to live soil. Instructive illustrations show mine sites before and after rehabilitation. The purpose of this book is to provide students, scientists, and professional personnel in the mining industry sensible, science-based information needed to rehabilitate sustainably areas disturbed by mining activities. This book is suitable for undergraduate and graduate students majoring in environmental, earth, and soil sciences; environmental and soil scientists; and mine site environmental engineers and regulators.
Spoken Word Production and Its Breakdown In Aphasia (Cognitive Neuropsychology Reviews Ser. #No. 1)
by Lyndsey NickelsThis volume combines in-depth reviews of models of spoken word production and cognitive neuropsychological disorders of spoken word production. The first section provides a detailed discussion of the development and structure of current models of language production using data form "normal" subjects. It is these models that form the basis of the study and therefore the text attempts to explain their processing mechanisms and assumptions clearly. The evidence used for the development of these models is described including experimental studies and observation of patterns in naturally occurring speech errors.; The second section focuses on studies of aphasic naming disorders and discusses these disorders in terms of the model described in the first section. The emphasis is on single case studies. These are reviewed in three chapters examining semantic errors and disorders, the range of symptoms attributed to disorders of lexical retriveal and deficits of phonological encoding. The text assumes that the reader has some familiarity with the linguistic and psychological terminology relevant to these areas and therefore is most suited to the graduate student or researcher/lecturer.
Sponge City Hybrid Infrastructure (Earth and Environmental Sciences Library)
by Zuzana Vranayova Martina Zelenakova Abdelazim NegmThis book focuses on the access to water in the building and its surroundings, to infer the mutual interaction and the complex interconnection of green/blue infrastructures. This book is a tool for understanding the multifunctional functionality of urban waste water to recognize their efficient and strategically useful potential in the form of aesthetic and functional architectural elements—vertical gardens, waterproof roof systems, rain gardens, retention rainwater recirculation tanks, biomarkers for wastewater treatment, and other progressive technologies and technical solutions. The originality of the proposed book and the innovation of the proposed objectives lies in the complexity and interdisciplinary of the problem solved, with clear continuity and utilization in professional building, environmental, and psychosocial practice. Understanding the quality of life as a category influenced by several objective and subjective conditions, this manuscript draws up recommendations on how to build “green buildings”—progressively supplied with water, connecting infrastructures—from existing buildings (administrative or training).
SpongeBob Airpants: The Lost Episode (SpongeBob SquarePants #8)
by Kitty RichardsSpongeBob SquarePants It's a bird! It's a plane! It's . . . SpongeBob! SpongeBob dreams of flying with the jellyfish. And this time he sets out to make his dream a reality. From a makeshift flying machine to a hapless bat costume, SpongeBob's airborne attempts are grounded until he accidentally invents a pair of superherolike flying pants. But SpongeBob soon realizes that being a superhero isn't all it's cracked up to be. Will he ever be able to live as a mere mortal again? Find out in this aerodynamic adventure!
Spontaneous Combustion of Coal: Characteristics, Evaluation and Risk Assessment
by Xinyang WangThis book aims to understand, analyze and mitigate the harmful impacts of spontaneous coal combustion in underground mines, a thermal phenomenon that triggers fires and explosions threatening the safety of mine workers globally. Based on experimental and theoretical research findings, the book emphasizes three essential questions that are fundamental to understand spontaneous coal combustion: What are the root causes? How to evaluate the causative factors to determine the activity of coal? and How to bring this issue under control in real longwall panel? Readers are introduced to experimental techniques applied to investigate the basic molecular structure of coal and evaluate chemical properties that induce self-heating behavior, theoretical analyses to predict the extrinsic effect on low temperature oxidation of coal in experimental scale and full-size longwall panel, and preventive measures to mitigate this issue using methods for retardant screening, numerical simulations for optimal grouting and nitrogen injections, and case studies analyzing thermal events using mine atmosphere gas monitoring data. The book will be of interest to students and researchers studying mining engineering and chemistry, as well as engineers and practitioners involved in coal mine development and risk assessment.
Spontaneous Emission and Laser Oscillation in Microcavities (Laser And Optical Science And Technology Ser. #10)
by Kikuo Ujihara Hiroyuki YokoyamaIn spite of the increasing importance of microcavities, device physics or the observable phenomena in optical microcavities such as enhanced or inhibited spontaneous emission and its relation with the laser oscillation has not been systematically well-described-until now. Spontaneous Emission and Laser Oscillation in Microcavities presents the basics of optical microcavities. The volume is divided into ten chapters, each written by respected authorities in their areas. The book surveys several methods describing free space spontaneous emission and discusses changes in the feature due to the presence of a cavity. The effect of dephasing of vacuum fields on spontaneous emission in a microcavity and the effects of atomic broadening on spontaneous emission in an optical microcavity are examined. The book details the splitting in transmission peaks of planar microcavities containing semiconductor quantum wells. A simple but useful way to consider the change in the spontaneous emission rate from the viewpoint of mode density alteration by wavelength-sized cavities is provided. Authors also discuss the spontaneous emission in dielectric planar microcavities. Spontaneous emission in microcavity surface emitting lasers is covered, as are the effects of electron confinement in semiconductor quantum wells, wires, and boxes also given. The volume extends the controlling spontaneous emission phenomenon to laser oscillation. Starting from the Fermi golden rule, the microcavity laser rate equations are derived, and the oscillation characteristics are analyzed. Recent progress in optical microcavity experiments is summarized, and the applicability in massively optical parallel processing systems and demands for the device performance are explored. This volume is extremely useful as a textbook for graduate and postgraduate students and works well as a unique reference for researchers beginning to study in the field.
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking, Self-Trapping, and Josephson Oscillations
by Boris A. MalomedThis volume collects a a number of contributions on spontaneous symmetry breaking. Current studies in this general field are going ahead at a full speed. The book present review chapters which give an overview on the major break throughs of recent years. It covers a number of different physical settings which are introduced when a nonlinearity is added to the underlying symmetric problems and its strength exceeds a certain critical value. The corresponding loss of symmetry, called spontaneous symmetry breaking, alias self-trapping into asymmetric states is extensively discussed in this book. The book presents both active theoretical studies of spontaneous symmetry breaking effects as well as experimental findings, chiefly for Bose-Einstein-Condensates with the self-repulsive nonlinearity, and also for photorefractive media in optics.
Spook: Science Tackles the Afterlife
by Mary RoachThe best-selling author of ?Stiff ?and ?Bonk? trains her considerable wit and curiosity on the human soul. "What happens when we die? Does the light just go out and that's that--the million-year nap? Or will some part of my personality, my me-ness persist? What will that feel like? What will I do all day? Is there a place to plug in my lap-top?" In an attempt to find out, Mary Roach brings her tireless curiosity to bear on an array of contemporary and historical soul-searchers: scientists, schemers, engineers, mediums, all trying to prove (or disprove) that life goes on after we die.
Spooky Science: Debunking the Pseudoscience of the Afterlife
by John GrantA hilarious lampoon of scientific inquiry into the psychic.Life after death, spirit communication, the astral plane, reincarnation: on the relatively rare occasions when scientists have tried to apply their methods to the paranormal, they’ve often ended up embarrassed—fooled by obvious charlatans, deluded into making irrational and unsubstantiated claims, or frustrated in their attempt to find something that just isn’t there.John Grant—author of Discarded Science and Corrupted Science—investigates the pseudoscience of spooky stuff to fascinating and humorous effect. From scamming mediums, to poltergeist fakery, to heavenly hallucinations, Grant spares ardent believers and gullible thinkers no mercy in this rollicking history of psychic “phenomena.”
Spoon-Fed: Why almost everything we’ve been told about food is wrong, by the #1 bestselling author of Food for Life
by Tim SpectorTHE #1 SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLER FROM THE LEADING GUT-HEALTH EXPERT, FOUNDER OF ZOE AND AUTHOR OF FOOD FOR LIFE* As seen on ITV's LORRAINE and heard on THE DIARY OF A CEO *This ground-breaking exploration debunks food myths, from what we should be eating for breakfast to whether we should really avoid ultra-processed foods.Is breakfast really the most important meal of the day?Is there any point in counting calories?Is there any evidence that coffee is bad for us?Through his pioneering research, Professor Tim Spector busts these and many other myths about food.Spoon-Fed explores the scandalous lack of good science behind many diet plans, official recommendations, miracle cures and ultra-processed foods, and encourages us to rethink our whole relationship with food - not just for our health as individuals, but for the future of the planet.'Hugely enjoyable' Michael Mosley'Illuminating and so incredibly timely' Yotam Ottolenghi'This book should be available on prescription' Felicity Cloake'Will actually help you decide what to add to your next grocery shop' Bee Wilson, GuardianGo with your gut. Join the food revolution.**Tim Spector's number 1 bestselling Food for Life: Your Guide to the New Science of Eating Well is now available in paperback****PRE-ORDER THE FOOD FOR LIFE COOKBOOK, COMING OCTOBER 2024, NOW**
Spores: Tulips with Fever, Rusty Coffee, Rotten Apples, Sad Oranges, Crazy Basil. Plant Diseases that Changed the World as Well as My Life
by Maria Lodovica GullinoThis book aims to describe, though in a quite light way, the social role of plant diseases, letting the reader know the topical importance of plant pathology, as well as the role of plant pathologists in our society. Plant diseases caused, in the past, significant economic losses, deaths, famine, wars, and migration. Some of them marked the history of entire countries. One example among many: the potato late blight in Ireland in 1845. Today plant diseases are still the cause of deaths, often silent, in developing countries, and relevant economic losses in the industrialized ones. This book, written with much passion, neither wants to be a plant pathology text. On the contrary, it wants to describe, in simple words, often enriched by the author's personal experience, various plant diseases that, in different times and countries, did cause severe losses and damages. Besides the so-called “historical plant diseases”, in the process of writing this book, she wanted to describe also some diseases that, though not causing famine or billions of losses, because of their peculiarity, might be of interest for the readers. Thus, this book has not been conceived and written for experts, but for a broader audience, of different ages, willing to learn more about plant health and to understand the reasons why so many people in the past and nowadays choose to be plant pathologists. This is because plants produce most of the food that we consume, that we expect to be healthy and safe, and because plants make the world beautiful. The title “Spores” is evocative of the reproduction mean of fungi. Spores are small, light structures, often moving fast. The chapters of this book are short and concise. Just like spores!
Sport: A Biological, Philosophical, and Cultural Perspective
by Jay SchulkinSports are as varied as the people who play them. We run, jump, and swim. We kick, hit, and shoot balls. We ride sleds in the snow and surf in the sea. From the Olympians of ancient Greece to today's professional athletes, from adult pickup soccer games to children's gymnastics classes, people at all levels of ability at all times and in all places have engaged in sport. What drives this phenomenon?In Sport, the neuroscientist Jay Schulkin argues that biology and culture do more than coexist when we play sports—they blend together seamlessly, propelling each other toward greater physical and intellectual achievement. To support this claim, Schulkin discusses history, literature, and art—and engages philosophical inquiry and recent behavioral research. He connects sport's basic neural requirements, including spatial and temporal awareness, inference, memory, agency, direction, competitive spirit, and endurance, to the demands of other human activities. He affirms sport's natural role as a creative evolutionary catalyst, turning the external play of sports inward and bringing insight to the diversion that defines our species. Sport, we learn, is a fundamental part of human life.
Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines: The British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences Guide
by Andrew M. Jones Edward M. Winter R.C. Richard Davison Paul D. Bromley Tom MercerSport and exercise physiologists are called upon to carry out physiological assessments that have proven validity and reliability, both in sport-specific and health-related contexts. A wide variety of test protocols have been developed and refined. This book is a comprehensive guide to these protocols and to the key issues relating to physiological testing. Volume I will cover sport-specific testing, and Volume II clinical and exercise testing. With contributions from many leading specialist physiologists, and covering a wide range of mainstream sports, special populations, and ethical, practical and methodological issues, these volumes represent an essential resource for sport-specific and clinical exercise testing in both research and applied settings. Visit the companion website at: www.routledgesport.com/bases.
Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines: The British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences Guide
by Edward M. Winter Andrew M. Jones R.C. Richard Davison Paul D. Bromley Tom H. MercerSport and exercise physiologists are called upon to carry out physiological assessments that have proven validity and reliability, both in sport-specific and health-related contexts. A wide variety of test protocols have been developed and refined. This book is a comprehensive guide to these protocols and to the key issues relating to physiological testing. Volume I covers sport-specific testing, and Volume II covers clinical and exercise specific testing. With contributions from leading specialist sport, exercise and clincial physiologists, and covering a wide range of mainstream sports, special populations, and ethical, practical and methodological issues, these volumes represent an essential resource for sport-specific and clinical exercise testing in both research and applied settings. Visit the companion website at www.routledgesport.com/bases
Sport for Sustainable Development: Historical and Theoretical Approaches
by Kazem Hozhabri Claude Sobry Rahim RamzaninejadThis book looks at the potential of sport to contribute to wide-ranging development outcomes, which have been recognized across international policy declarations, most significantly in the 2030 UN Agenda for Sustainable Development. It provides a theoretical approach to sport and development. It begins by addressing the basic concepts of sport development and sustainability and then discusses the potential contribution of sport to five prioritized SDGs (SDGs 3, 4, 5, 8 and 16) and the environment as one of the sustainable development pillars that may contribute to SDGs 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15. This academic resource provides a macro view to students and researchers of sports sciences to know more about the fundamental concepts of sustainable development goals, and to enhance their knowledge about sport as a conduit that can help achieve wider development outcomes rather than being an end in itself. This book is of interest to students and researchers of sports studies, from sociology to management, and researchers and policy makers interested in sport and sustainable development.