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Rheology and Processing of Polymer Nanocomposites
by Rene Muller Sabu Thomas Jiji AbrahamRheology and Processing of Polymer Nanocomposites examines the current state of the art and new challenges in the characterization of nanofiller/polymer interactions, nanofiller dispersion, distribution, filler-filler interactions and interfaces in polymer nanocomposites. A one-stop reference resource for important research accomplishments in this area, it benefits academics, researchers, scientists, and engineers in the field of polymer nanocomposites in their daily work.
Rheology Applied in Polymer Processing
by B. R. GuptaThis book covers a wide range of topics in polymer rheology. These are: • Basic Principles, parameters, systems and applied mathematical models used in the rheological studies.• Melt flow analysis of different non-Newtonian fluids in laminar flow, transition between laminar and turbulent flow and modified Reynolds number.• The effects of different physical and molecular parameters on purely viscous rheological response of polymer melts and solutions.• Principles of rheometery and different types of viscometers and on-line rheometers.• The static and dynamic viscoelastic response of the polymer melts and solutions, viscoelasticity, mechanical models and Boltzmann superposition principle. • Molecular structure – viscoelasticity relationship and linear and non-linear viscoelasticity.• Effects of different processes, materials parameters like temperature, fillers (micro and nano-fillers) and molecular parameters like MW, MWD.• The role of rheology in polymer processing in different equipment.• Modified power law constants and two range power law constants for a large number of polymers, rheology software program in Java, comparison of different polymer rheological models using the rheology software and answers to the problems. The book will be very useful to both undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as teachers and practicing rheologists.
Rheology of Dispersions: Principles and Applications
by Tharwat F. TadrosA dispersion is a system of unmixable phases in which one phase is continuous and at least one is finely distributed. Examples are found in many industrial applications, including emulsions, suspensions, foams, and geld. The control of their flow characteristics - rheology - is essential in their preparation, long-term physical stability and application. Filling the need for a practical, up-to-date book connecting the stability/instability of the dispersion to its rheological behavior, this title aids in understanding the principles of rheology and the techniques that can be applied. From the contents: * General Introduction * Interparticle Interactions and Their Combination * Principles of Viscoelastic Behavior * Rheology of Suspensions * Rheology of Emulsions * Rheology of Modifiers, Thickeners, and Gels * Use of Rheological Measurements for Assessment and Prediction of the Long-Term Physical Stability of Formulations (Creaming and Sedimentation)
Rheology of Drag Reducing Fluids
by Aroon ShenoyThis book explains theoretical derivations and presents expressions for fluid and convective turbulent flow of mildly elastic fluids in various internal and external flow situations involving different types of geometries, such as the smooth/rough circular pipes, annular ducts, curved tubes, vertical flat plates, and channels. Understanding the methodology of the analyses facilitates appreciation for the rationale used for deriving expressions of parameters relevant to the turbulent flow of mildly elastic fluids. This knowledge serves as a driving force for developing new ideas, investigating new situations, and extending theoretical analyses to other unexplored areas of the rheology of mildly elastic drag reducing fluids.The book suits a range of functions--it can be used to teach elective upper-level undergraduate or graduate courses for chemical engineers, material scientists, mechanical engineers, and polymer scientists; guide researchers unexposed to this alluring and interesting area of drag reduction; and serve as a reference to all who want to explore and expand the areas dealt with in this book.
Rheology of Fluid, Semisolid, and Solid Foods
by M. Anandha RaoThis revised third edition of Rheology of Fluid, Semisolid, and Solid Foods includes the following important additions: · A section on microstructure · Discussion of the quantitative characterization of nanometer-scale milk protein fibrils in terms of persistence and contour length. · A phase diagram of a colloidal glass of hard spheres and its relationship to milk protein dispersions · Microrheology, including detailed descriptions of single particle and multi-particle microrheological measurements · Diffusive Wave Spectroscopy · Correlation of Bostwick consistometer data with property-based dimensionless groups · A section on the effect of calcium on the morphology and functionality of whey protein nanometer-scale fibrils · Discussion of how tribology and rheology can be used for the sensory perception of foods
Rheology of Particulate Dispersions and Composites (Surfactant Science Ser. #Vol. 136)
by Rajinder PalRheology of Particulate Dispersions and Composites provides comprehensive coverage of fundamental principles and equations that govern the rheology for particulate dispersions and two-phase solid composites. The rheological properties of suspensions, emulsions, bubbly liquids (foams) and other dispersions appear alongside those of solid comp
Rheology, Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Materials 1: Physical Mechanisms of Deformation and Dynamic Behavior
by Maurice LeroyThis book studies the flow of materials and the influence of strain rates on the relationship between imposed stresses and the dynamic deformations obtained. It provides applications for shaping, molecular molding, shrink-fit assembly and welding, including details of the various specific processes for implementation at high strain rates, illustrated by numerous industrial examples. Rheology, Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Materials 1 presents analyses of plasticity mechanisms at microscopic and macroscopic scales, and of the various forms of stressstrain behavior laws according to working speeds, mechanisms, athermics, viscoplasticity and formability limits at types and speeds of change. It is aimed at researchers involved in the mechanics of deformable media, as well as industrial design and manufacturing departments
Rheophysics
by Philippe CoussotThis book presents a unified view of the physicochemical origin of the mechanical behaviour of gases, simple solids and liquids, suspensions, polymers, emulsions, foams, and granular materials, along with techniques for measuring that behaviour. Besides molecular materials in all their classical gaseous, solid, or liquid states, we deal daily with a number of other materials made of coarser elements such as polymers, cells, grains, bubbles, and droplets. They take on the familiar appearance of paints, inks, cements, muds, foams, emulsions, toothpastes, gels, etc. These materials exhibit complex structures and sometimes amazing types of mechanical behaviour, often intermediate between those of a simple liquid and a simple solid. From a practical standpoint, the aim is to analyze their internal evolution (aging, restructuring, phase separation, etc. ), then to formulate these materials in accordance with the desired properties, and thereby devise new materials. With that aim in mind, it is crucial to understand how these materials deform or flow, depending on the interactions and structures formed by the elements they contain. This book is intended for students as well as more advanced researchers in mechanics, physics, chemistry, and biology. The mathematical formalism is reduced in order to focus on physical explanations.
Rhetoric of InSecurity: The Language of Danger, Fear and Safety in National and International Contexts (Law, Language and Communication)
by Victoria BainesThis book demands that we question what we are told about security, using tools we have had for thousands of years. The work considers the history of security rhetoric in a number of distinct but related contexts, including the United States’ security strategy, the "war" on Big Tech, and current concerns such as cybersecurity. Focusing on the language of security discourse, it draws common threads from the ancient world to the present day and the near future. The book grounds recent comparisons of Donald Trump to the Emperor Nero in a linguistic evidence base. It examines the potential impact on society of policy-makers’ emphasis on the novelty of cybercrime, their likening of the internet to the Wild West, and their claims that criminals have "gone dark". It questions governments’ descriptions of technology companies in words normally reserved for terrorists, and asks who might benefit. Interdisciplinary in approach, the book builds on existing literature in the Humanities and Social Sciences, most notably studies on rhetoric in Greco-Roman texts, and on the articulation of security concerns in law, international relations, and public policy contexts. It adds value to this body of research by offering new points of comparison, and a fresh but tried and tested way of looking at problems that are often presented as unprecedented. It will be essential to legal and policy practitioners, students of Law, Politics, Media, and Classics, and all those interested in employing critical thinking.
Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis
by Nishi Gupta Santhosh G. HonavarThis book is the most comprehensive (and possibly the first) manual on ‘Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM) that covers mucormycosis of the nose extending to sinuses, orbit, and brain, all in. This volume covers the surge of cases during the COVID-19 pandemic, early identification and causative factors, microbiology, pathology and radiology, and the clinical presentation. Notes on surgical approaches, extent, and techniques of debridement, number of sittings, antifungal therapy, complications, and their management equip readers to manage these cases confidently. Detailed descriptions of ROCM surgery accompanied by nearly 500 photographs and anatomical drawings help support diagnostic and surgical decision-making. Also included is information on various specifications of MRI that help in achieving a perfect surgical clearance. The book includes chapters on debates on salvaging the orbit in ROCM, various situations, their management, the extent of resection, antifungal dosage and duration, prognostication of the patient, and postoperative care. The book assists surgeons in gaining the skills to perform endoscopic clearance of difficult areas like pterygoplataine fossa, infratemporal fossa, pterygoid plates, and the lacrimal drainage system, which offers significant advantages in terms of avoiding postoperative morbidity as compared to an external route. Since the external route is required in the most extensive form of the disease, the book has also covered it extensively. This book is an indispensable resource for otorhinolaryngologists, ophthalmic surgeons, ophthalmic plastic surgeons, physicians, microbiologists, pathologists, radiologists, neurosurgeons, faciomaxillary surgeons and junior and senior consultants optometrists and students.
The Rhino with Glue-On Shoes
by Ted Y. Mashima Lucy H. SpelmanA moray eel diagnosed with anorexia... A herd of bison whose only hope is a crusading female doctor from Paris... A vet desperately trying to save an orphaned whale by unraveling the mystery of her mother's death... This fascinating book offers a rare glimpse into the world of wild animals and the doctors who care for them. Here pioneering zoological veterinarians--men and women on the cutting edge of a new medical frontier--tell real-life tales of daring procedures for patients weighing tons or ounces, treating symptoms ranging from broken bones to a broken heart, and life-and-death dramas that will forever change the way you think about wild animals and the bonds we share with them. At once heart-quickening and clinically fascinating, the stories in this remarkable collection represent some of the most moving and unusual cases ever taken on by zoological vets. A chronicle of discovery, compassion, and cutting-edge medicine, The Rhino with Glue-on Shoes is must reading for animal lovers, science buffs, and anyone who loves a well-told tale.
The Rhinoceros and the Megatherium
by Juan PimentelHow did Europeans three centuries apart respond to two mysterious beasts—a living rhinoceros previously known only from ancient texts and a nameless monster’s massive bones? Juan Pimentel shows that their reactions reflect deep cultural changes but also the enduring power of image and imagination to shape our understanding of the natural world.
Rhinoceros Giants: The Paleobiology of Indricotheres (Life of the Past)
by Donald R. ProtheroWritten for everyone fascinated by the huge beasts that once roamed the earth, this book introduces the giant hornless rhinoceros, Indricotherium. These massive animals inhabited Asia and Eurasia for more than 14 million years, about 37 to 23 million years ago. They had skulls 6 feet long, stood 22 feet high at the shoulder, and were twice as heavy as the largest elephant ever recorded, tipping the scales at 44,100 pounds. Fortunately, the big brutes were vegetarians. Donald R. Prothero tells their story, from their discovery just a century ago to the latest research on how they lived and died.
Rhinos in Nebraska: The Amazing Discovery of the Ashfall Fossil Beds
by Alison Pearce StevensTwelve million years ago, rhinos, elephants, and camels roamed North America. They would gather at nearby watering holes—eating, drinking, and trying not to become someone else’s lunch. But one day, in what we now know as Nebraska, everything changed. The explosion of a supervolcano a thousand miles away sent a blanket of ash that buried these animals for millennia.Until 1953, when a seventeen-year-old farm worker made an unbelievable discovery.Rhinos in Nebraska tells the story of the Ashfall Fossil Beds, where more than two hundred perfectly preserved fossils have been found. Step into the past with author Alison Pearce Stevens and uncover the mysteries of Ashfall.
Rhinos of the World: Ecology, Conservation and Management (Fascinating Life Sciences)
by Mario Melletti Bibhab Talukdar David BalfourThis book represents the culmination of more than four years of work by many rhino experts, primarily from Africa, Asia, the United States, and Europe, involved in rhino conservation, research and management. It is one of the most comprehensive reference works ever published on the systematics, ecology, conservation status, and management of all rhinoceros species. Covering all five rhino species worldwide, this volume brings together the contributions of 92 international rhino experts and provides: A comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on the evolution, phylogeny, systematics, and fossil record of rhinos An in-depth look at the ecology and conservation status of each species, with detailed chapters A series of case studies on conservation management, poaching, horn trade, and ex-situ programs. This beautifully illustrated book is an invaluable resource for researchers, wildlife managers and professionals in conservation biology, ecology, and management, as well as the general public. It reveals the fascinating story of rhino evolution, the long history of human interactions with rhinos, and the major threats to these iconic species.
Rhinovirus: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2903)
by Umadevi SajjanThis volume details methods to detect Rhinovirus (RV) in clinical samples, propagation and purification of virus, in vivo and in vitro model systems, and the newer molecular tools that are useful for the studying the RV infection and pathogenesis. Chapters guide readers through a greater of understanding of RV pathogenesis in COPD, childhood asthma development and protective innate immunity. However, there is much to learn about RV infection in order to develop therapies to treat asthma and COPD exacerbations, prevent development of asthma and treat common colds. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Rhinovirus: Methods and Protocols aims to be a useful and practical guide to new researchers and experts looking to expand their knowledge.
Rhizobiology: Molecular Physiology of Plant Roots (Signaling and Communication in Plants)
by František Baluška Soumya MukherjeeThis book discusses the recent advancements in the role of various biomolecules in regulating root growth and development. Rhizobiology is a dynamic sub discipline of plant science which collates investigations from various aspects like physiology, biochemistry, genetic analysis and plant–microbe interactions. The physiology and molecular mechanisms of root development have undergone significant advancements in the last couple of decades. Apart from the already known conventional phytohormones (IAA, GA, cytokinin, ethylene and ABA), certain novel biomolecules have been considered as potential growth regulators or hormones regulating plant growth and development. Root phenotyping and plasticity analysis with respect to the specific functional mutants of each biomolecule shall provide substantial information on the molecular pathways of root signaling.Special emphasis provides insights on the tolerance and modulatory mechanisms of root physiology in response to light burst, ROS generation, agravitrophic response, abiotic stress and biotic interactions.
Rhizobiont in Bioremediation of Hazardous Waste
by Vivek Kumar Ram Prasad Manoj KumarThis book describes many novel approaches of microbial bioremediation including conventional and modern approaches, metagenomics, biosurfactants and nano-based bioremediation. Also presents up-to-date knowledge about biodegradation of solid and liquid contaminants in the rhizospheric zone by plant (rhizo)-microbiome interface. It also illustrates communication pathways based on evolving methodologies, bioinformatic tools which provides insights into the functional dynamics of bioremediation process by the host-microbiome interface. The different chapters explain the mechanism and outcomes during the process of bioremediation. The book broadly depicts the following: Advances in bioremediation through nanoremediation, rhizo-remediation, bioremediation of different ecosystems like polluted waters, industrial effluents, bioremediation of metal and organic pollutants, toxic dyes etc. The book is very useful for researchers and students in the fields of applied and environmental microbiology. It is also meant for industry experts and professionals working in the field of bioremediation and waste management.
Rhizoctonia Solani: Biology and Pathology
by John R. ParmeterThis title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1970.This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived</DIV
Rhizomania
by Enrico Biancardi Tetsuo TamadaThe knowledge of ecology and epidemiology of rhizomania is particularly useful to understand the means and practices able to limit or avoid its further diffusion. Some promising methods of biological control using coexisting and non-pathogenic organisms could potentially help improve the action of the not completely effective genetic resistances. This integrated protection would be valuable, especially in the even more frequent development of resistance-breaking strains in the BNYVV, where the known types of resistance, alone or in combination, seem to have lost part of their original ability to protect the crop. Therefore, further efforts will be needed to discover new traits likely still present in the wild species of the genus Beta. The availability of large collections of germplasm stored in the International Beta gene-banks should ensure the enhanced efficiency of genetic resistance by means of conventional and marker-assisted selection methods. Some almost immune transgenic varieties seem already to be waiting for release where and when it will be possible. The introduction chapter describes briefly the sugar beet crop, the more common diseases, and the damage caused by rhizomania. The following chapters discuss biological properties of the causal virus, BNYVV, and its vector, Polymyxa betae, and their interactions with the environment and the host-plant. In particular, the great advances in research of the molecular biology of BNYVV should be noteworthy, which have been established by a wide range of the most modern methods. Recent work focused on the genetic diversity and evolution of BNYVV is moving forward our understanding of the dramatic worldwide epidemics of rhizomania. Newly developed molecular techniques also lead to practical applications, such as quantification of inoculum in ecological and epidemiological research.
Rhizomes: Hidden Stems with Unknown Diversity
by Linnea Hesse Hansjörg KrähmerComprehensive reference on the characteristics of rhizomes, stems growing roughly horizontally below ground level, important for perennial and hard-to-control weeds and for the propagation of some commercially important crops. Rhizomes describes and compares rhizomes, classifies them based on their features, and presents their ecological and commercial importance. The book is divided into seven parts. After a short introduction, Part I discusses the evolution of rhizomes and their function as organs. Part II provides an introduction into rhizomes of basal tracheophytes, formerly called pteridophytes, now referred to as Lycopodiopsida and Polypodiopsida or lycophytes and ferns. Part III covers monocot rhizomes with a focus on the high diversity of rhizomes found in monocots. Part IV focuses on dicot rhizomes and their morphological diversity. Part V explores the ecological and commercial importance of rhizomes, with special information on crops and weeds with rhizomes. Lastly, findings on rhizomes in different plant groups are compared, and conclusions on the development and diversification of rhizome characters are presented. Written by two highly qualified authors with significant research experience in the field, Rhizomes covers topics such as: Difficulty in making a clear distinction between rhizomes, runners, and stolons and inner cortex cells of rhizomes differing in sheath modifications Different types of species with stem-borne roots, including dicot representatives with roots arising from the hypocotyl and plants with roots at nodes, internodes, and buds Molecular genetics research analyzing molecular mechanisms and signaling processes leading to stolon and rhizome initiation and development Rhizome producing species forming either large colonies or genetically identical groups, with advantages and disadvantages of each With English literature on rhizomes being relatively sparse, Rhizomes is a unique and highly comprehensive reference on these types of stems, ideal for agronomists, botanists, horticulturists, breeders, ecologists, and weed scientists seeking to understand their important role in agriculture and food.
The Rhizosphere: Biochemistry and Organic Substances at the Soil-Plant Interface, Second Edition
by Roberto Pinton Zeno Varanini Paolo NannipieriIn the rhizosphere, exudates from plants and microorganisms as well as stable soil organic matter influence processes that can control plant growth, microbial infections, and nutrient uptake. As the chemistry and biochemistry of these substances becomes more and more clear, their study promises to shed light on the complex interactions between plan
Rhizosphere Biology: Interactions Between Microbes and Plants (Rhizosphere Biology)
by Anil K. Sharma Vadakattu V. S. R. GuptaThis book presents a detailed discussion on the direct interactions of plants and microorganisms in the rhizosphere environment. It includes fifteen chapters, each focusing on a specific component of plant-microbe interactions, such as the influence of plants on the root microbiome, and the downstream effects of rhizosphere microbial dynamics on carbon and nutrient fluxes in the surroundings. As such, the book helps readers gain a better understanding of diversity above the ground, and its effect on the microbiome and its functionality.
Rhizosphere Dynamics
by Luther Hammond James E Box JrThe AAAS Selected Symposia Series was begun in 1977 to provide a means of more permanently recording and more widely disseminating some of the valuable material which is discussed at the AAAS Annual National Meetings. The volumes in the Series are based on symposia held at theMeetings which address topics of current and continuing significance, both within and among the sciences, and in the areas in which science and technology have an impact on public policy. The Series format is designed to provide for rapid dissemination of information, so the papers are reproduced directly from camera-ready copy. The papers are organized and edited by the symposium arrangers who then become the editors of the various volumes. Most papers published in the Series are original contributions which have not been previously published, although in some cases additional papers from other sources have been added by an editor to provide a more comprehensive view of a particular topic. Symposia may be reports of new research or reviews of established work, particularly work of an interdisciplinary nature, since the AAAS Annual Meetings typically embrace the full range of the sciences and their societal implications.
Rhizosphere Engineering and Stress Resilience in Plants: Concepts and Applications
by Piyush Mathur Soumya Mukherjee“In the hidden realm beneath our feet, a complex network of interactions unfolds between plant roots and the surrounding soil”.The rhizosphere is a zone of intense biological and chemical activity, which plays a critical role in shaping plant growth, nutrient uptake, and ecosystem functioning. Recent advances in our understanding of root signaling and rhizosphere engineering have revealed the vast potential for manipulating these interactions to enhance crop productivity, improve soil health, and mitigate environmental stresses. It is worthwhile to decipher the molecular signals and nutrient exchanges between plants and microbes, which can in turn facilitate to design an innovative strategy to optimize rhizosphere functioning.It is imperative to bring about the development of more climate-resilient crops, improve soil carbon sequestration, and reduce the need for synthetic fertilizers. This field also offers opportunities for novel biotechnological applications, including the development of microbe-based biofertilizers and biopesticides.As we continue to face the challenges of a growing global population and environmental degradation, rhizosphere engineering offers a cutting-edge solution to crop productivity. It enables harnessing the power of plant–microbe interactions, unlocking new avenues for sustainable agriculture, and ecosystem restoration. This preface sets the stage for exploring the latest advances and future directions in rhizosphere engineering, highlighting its potential to revolutionize our understanding of soil ecosystems and promote a more sustainable future.This book explores the cutting-edge science and applications of rhizosphere engineering and root signaling, bringing together insights from plant biology, soil science, microbiology, and ecology. Unraveling the intricate communication networks between roots and soil can unveil new strategies for sustainable agriculture, ecosystem restoration, and environmental resilience.